Kuttanad the backwaters and the life of the
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This document discusses the Vembanad Lake, the largest backwater lake in Kerala. It is fed by five rivers and lies partially below sea level, causing salinity issues that damage agriculture and limit drinking water. The document outlines the traditional practices of rice cultivation in the region, including using specific seed varieties, water wheels, and worm baskets. It also describes the transportation of goods by canoe and fishing of various species. The document notes some current environmental issues facing the lake, such as the use of chemicals and the spread of invasive weeds, and how the construction of a bund has affected water flow and prawn populations.
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Kuttanadu is a region in the Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta and Kottayam Districts, in the state of Kerala, India, well known for its picturesque vast paddy fields and its geographical peculiarities. It's the region with the lowest altitude in India, and one of the few places in the world where farming is carried out below sea level. It’s also one of the historically important places in the ancient history of South India.It is the major rice granary of Kerala, where vast stretches of verdant paddy fields are interlaced with enchanting backwaters create some of the unforgettable sights.
Kuttanad, the rice bowl of Kerala is all about an agrarian community, striking a chord of harmony with its physical setting. Noted for its farming below sea level (about 4 to 10 feet) the land of Kuttanad possesses a socio-cultural fabric of its own. Four major rivers in Kerala viz. Pampa, Meenachil, Achankovil and Manimala flow into the region.
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There is no recorded history on the origin of this land. But the oral history among local people, transferred from generation to generation is a blend of myths and legends. There is a reference to Kuttanad in the epic Mahabharata of ancient India. In those days, Kuttanad was part of a dense forest, later destroyed by a forest fire which is also mentioned in the epic. Thus the place was named 'Chutta'(burnt) 'nad'(place). In the course of time Chuttanad became Kuttanad. One can still see 'kari' or coal if we dig deep into the soil of Kuttanad, pointing to the fact that the place was once a forest, destroyed by wild fire. In Kuttanad most of the place names end in kari. Some familiar place names are Ramankary, Puthukkary, Oorukkary, Mithrakary, Mampuzhakary, Kainakary, Chathurthiakary and Chennamkary.[1] It is also said that kuttanadu was once under the sea. The proof is the land is flourished with seashells.
During the reign of Chera dynasty that ruled over ancient Kerala, Kuttanadu attained an important place in the history. One of the powerful kings in the dynasty, Cheran Chenguttavan is said to have ruled his vast kingdom from Kuttanadu. It was also a famous centre of Buddhism. Another version for the name is, a Buddhist centre by the name Buddhanad existed in this place, which later gave its name to the place and thereby Kuttanadu.
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Kuttanadu is a region in the Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta and Kottayam Districts, in the state of Kerala, India, well known for its picturesque vast paddy fields and its geographical peculiarities. It's the region with the lowest altitude in India, and one of the few places in the world where farming is carried out below sea level. It’s also one of the historically important places in the ancient history of South India.It is the major rice granary of Kerala, where vast stretches of verdant paddy fields are interlaced with enchanting backwaters create some of the unforgettable sights.
Kuttanad, the rice bowl of Kerala is all about an agrarian community, striking a chord of harmony with its physical setting. Noted for its farming below sea level (about 4 to 10 feet) the land of Kuttanad possesses a socio-cultural fabric of its own. Four major rivers in Kerala viz. Pampa, Meenachil, Achankovil and Manimala flow into the region.
History
There is no recorded history on the origin of this land. But the oral history among local people, transferred from generation to generation is a blend of myths and legends. There is a reference to Kuttanad in the epic Mahabharata of ancient India. In those days, Kuttanad was part of a dense forest, later destroyed by a forest fire which is also mentioned in the epic. Thus the place was named 'Chutta'(burnt) 'nad'(place). In the course of time Chuttanad became Kuttanad. One can still see 'kari' or coal if we dig deep into the soil of Kuttanad, pointing to the fact that the place was once a forest, destroyed by wild fire. In Kuttanad most of the place names end in kari. Some familiar place names are Ramankary, Puthukkary, Oorukkary, Mithrakary, Mampuzhakary, Kainakary, Chathurthiakary and Chennamkary.[1] It is also said that kuttanadu was once under the sea. The proof is the land is flourished with seashells.
During the reign of Chera dynasty that ruled over ancient Kerala, Kuttanadu attained an important place in the history. One of the powerful kings in the dynasty, Cheran Chenguttavan is said to have ruled his vast kingdom from Kuttanadu. It was also a famous centre of Buddhism. Another version for the name is, a Buddhist centre by the name Buddhanad existed in this place, which later gave its name to the place and thereby Kuttanadu.
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The document discusses traditional agricultural methods in the Kuttanadu region of Kerala, India. Kuttanadu has a unique landscape of backwaters and rivers, with half the area below sea level. Traditional crops included rice varieties like Chambavu and Karutha Chara. Farmers built elevated bunds and used water wheels to drain fields and control water levels for cultivation. Pests were removed using methods like gathering them in baskets when they floated to the tops of submerged rice plants. The livelihoods of people in the region revolved around cooperative agricultural activities and making the most of the fertile black soil terrain.
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1) Vembanad Lake is an important wetland ecosystem supporting biodiversity and livelihoods, but is facing issues like eutrophication, weed infestation, and reduced water quality and quantity due to development activities.
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Kuttanad the backwaters and the life of the
- 1. SARITHA K SOCIAL SCIENCE REG.NO:13303030
- 4. Famous tourist place in kerala. Vembanad lake – biggest backwater in kerala The riversPamba,Muvattupuzha,Meenachil, Manimala and Achankovil join the vembanad Lake Lying below sea level The salinity causes scarcity of drinking water Damages agriculture ‘Oruvellam’
- 5. Seeds of paddy-Chambavu and karuthachara Water wheels used for draining Sproted seeds were sown in the prepared paddy field. Wormbasket were used for distruction of pests Black soil –suitable for paddy cultivation Janmi-Kudiyan system was followed Adiyalar(bonded labourers)- ‘Onappanikkar’
- 6. Canoes –transportation of commodities. ‘Kettuvallam’ Canoeists –soap,indigo,needles,glass,knives and vessels. Canoeists – ‘Muttakkar’ KSWTC- kerala state water transport corporation. Most of the houses in kuttanad are built on the banks of rivers or canals. Canoes were essential for travel.
- 7. Growing duck in the swamp and canal. Collect shells –black shells and white shells. Black shells- Thanneermukkam and muhamma. White shells –kumarakom Immersing the coconut husk in to the backwatersoaking it to become soft and beating it nicely to make coir. Fishing-karimeen, vala, chemmeen, pallathy,paral etc. Travel through water
- 8. Over use of Chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Spread of african weeds. Soking of the coconut husk. The construction of Thanneermukkam Bund saline water entry was stopped but this has resulting in the decrease in the number of these prawns. Thanneermukkam bund – stagnation of water.
- 9. THANK YOU
- 10. THANK YOU