El documento presenta el calendario de actividades de la Arquidiócesis de Arequipa para el periodo del 30 de septiembre al 31 de octubre, incluyendo misas, procesiones, retiros, conferencias y otras actividades religiosas. También incluye información sobre horarios de misas y adoraciones eucarísticas en diferentes parroquias, así como cursos y ofertas del Bazar Arquidiocesano.
The document discusses decision making in artificial intelligence. It defines decision making as identifying and choosing alternatives based on a decision maker's values and preferences. For AI, decision making involves robots possessing knowledge to make choices as needed. Simple decision making refers to situations with an obvious best option, while complex decision making has less clear-cut solutions. The document provides examples of decision making techniques like expected monetary value, posterior probability, and risk analysis to evaluate alternatives.
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are inspired by biological neural networks such as the brain. ANNs contain artificial neurons that are connected in a similar way to biological neurons. The document discusses the basic components and properties of biological neurons, as well as models for artificial neurons and neural networks. It provides examples of how perceptrons can be used to learn simple functions through supervised learning algorithms that adjust the neuron weights.
The document discusses various informed search strategies, including greedy search, A* search, and best-first search. Greedy search is not optimal and incomplete, choosing the node with the lowest heuristic value at each step. A* search combines the cost to reach a node (g(n)) with a heuristic estimate of remaining cost (h(n)) as its evaluation function f(n)=g(n)+h(n). This allows A* to be both complete and optimal, as it prioritizes nodes closer to the goal based on total estimated cost. The document provides examples of applying greedy search and A* search to a sample problem.
The document discusses local search algorithms for optimization problems, including hill climbing, simulated annealing, and Tabu search. Hill climbing performs a local search by iteratively moving to neighbor states with improved cost until a local optimum is reached. Simulated annealing allows some "bad" moves with decreasing probability to help escape local optima. Tabu search uses a tabu list to avoid getting stuck in cycles and encourages exploring new regions of the search space. These local search methods are suitable for problems where the solution is the goal state itself rather than the path to get there.
This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and various search strategies used in AI. It begins with a summary of the course which states that AI is an evolving field that builds and studies intelligent entities. The document then discusses the Turing test for evaluating machine intelligence and provides examples of graph representations for problems like the 8 puzzle and traveling salesman problem. It explains state space search and various search strategies like depth-first search, breadth-first search, iterative deepening search, and informed heuristic search methods.
The document discusses various aspects of arrays in C# including declaration, initialization, storing values, accessing values, passing arrays to methods, array properties and functions. It provides examples of one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays and covers topics like declaration, initialization, accessing values, passing arrays to methods and common array properties and functions.
El documento presenta el calendario de actividades de la Arquidiócesis de Arequipa para el periodo del 30 de septiembre al 31 de octubre, incluyendo misas, procesiones, retiros, conferencias y otras actividades religiosas. También incluye información sobre horarios de misas y adoraciones eucarísticas en diferentes parroquias, así como cursos y ofertas del Bazar Arquidiocesano.
The document discusses decision making in artificial intelligence. It defines decision making as identifying and choosing alternatives based on a decision maker's values and preferences. For AI, decision making involves robots possessing knowledge to make choices as needed. Simple decision making refers to situations with an obvious best option, while complex decision making has less clear-cut solutions. The document provides examples of decision making techniques like expected monetary value, posterior probability, and risk analysis to evaluate alternatives.
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are inspired by biological neural networks such as the brain. ANNs contain artificial neurons that are connected in a similar way to biological neurons. The document discusses the basic components and properties of biological neurons, as well as models for artificial neurons and neural networks. It provides examples of how perceptrons can be used to learn simple functions through supervised learning algorithms that adjust the neuron weights.
The document discusses various informed search strategies, including greedy search, A* search, and best-first search. Greedy search is not optimal and incomplete, choosing the node with the lowest heuristic value at each step. A* search combines the cost to reach a node (g(n)) with a heuristic estimate of remaining cost (h(n)) as its evaluation function f(n)=g(n)+h(n). This allows A* to be both complete and optimal, as it prioritizes nodes closer to the goal based on total estimated cost. The document provides examples of applying greedy search and A* search to a sample problem.
The document discusses local search algorithms for optimization problems, including hill climbing, simulated annealing, and Tabu search. Hill climbing performs a local search by iteratively moving to neighbor states with improved cost until a local optimum is reached. Simulated annealing allows some "bad" moves with decreasing probability to help escape local optima. Tabu search uses a tabu list to avoid getting stuck in cycles and encourages exploring new regions of the search space. These local search methods are suitable for problems where the solution is the goal state itself rather than the path to get there.
This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and various search strategies used in AI. It begins with a summary of the course which states that AI is an evolving field that builds and studies intelligent entities. The document then discusses the Turing test for evaluating machine intelligence and provides examples of graph representations for problems like the 8 puzzle and traveling salesman problem. It explains state space search and various search strategies like depth-first search, breadth-first search, iterative deepening search, and informed heuristic search methods.
The document discusses various aspects of arrays in C# including declaration, initialization, storing values, accessing values, passing arrays to methods, array properties and functions. It provides examples of one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays and covers topics like declaration, initialization, accessing values, passing arrays to methods and common array properties and functions.
This document discusses methods in object-oriented programming with C#. It defines methods as groups of statements that perform tasks and notes that every C# program has a Main method. It describes built-in methods provided by languages like Math methods and user-defined methods. It explains the syntax for defining methods, including access specifiers, return types, parameters, and bodies. It also covers passing arguments by value vs reference, and method overloading by having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
The document discusses loop constructs in C# programming. It covers the main loop types: for, while, and do-while loops. Examples are provided to illustrate each loop, showing how to iterate through code a specified number of times or until a condition is met. The break and continue statements are also explained, with examples showing how break terminates the current loop and continue skips to the next iteration. In summary, the document provides an overview of common loop structures in C# and examples of how to implement for, while, do-while, break, and continue control flows.
The document defines various string functions in C# including Clone(), CompareTo(), Contains(), EndsWith(), Equals(), GetHashCode(), GetType(), GetTypeCode(), IndexOf(), ToLower(), ToUpper(), Insert(), IsNormalized(), LastIndexOf(), Length, Remove(), Replace(), Split(), StartsWith(), Substring(), ToCharArray(), and Trim(). It then provides an example program that demonstrates how to use these functions by taking user input strings and displaying the results of applying each function selected from a dropdown menu.
The document discusses various programming concepts in C# including namespaces, data conversion, relational operators, Boolean expressions, and conditional control structures like if, else if, and switch statements. Namespaces are used to organize code elements and create unique types. The Convert class contains methods for converting between data types like strings and numbers. Conditional statements like if/else and switch/case allow for executing different blocks of code depending on conditional expressions being true or false.
The document discusses various methods for reading, writing, and appending text to files in C# including using FileStream, StreamReader, and StreamWriter. It provides code examples of opening, reading, and writing to files, as well as using file dialogs to select files. Key methods discussed are File.ReadAllText, File.WriteAllText, File.AppendAllText, StreamReader.ReadToEnd, StreamWriter.WriteLine, and open file dialogs.
This document discusses object-oriented programming in C#. It begins by explaining the goals of learning C# program structure, comments, data types, and variables. It then provides the basic structure of a C# program and steps to create a graphic user interface project in Visual Studio. Examples are given to add two values and multiply two values by converting textbox inputs to integers, performing calculations, and outputting results. The document also covers comments, C# data types, and methods for converting between data types.
This document discusses various programming concepts in C#, including comments, arithmetic operations, relational operators, assignment operations, increment/decrement operators, and loop statements. It provides examples of code using these different concepts, such as using various arithmetic operators like addition and multiplication, relational operators like equal and not equal, assignment operators, and examples of for, while, and do-while loop statements.
This document provides information about creating and running object-oriented programs in C# using Visual Studio. It discusses the .NET framework and different types of applications that can be created. It then provides step-by-step instructions on creating a simple Windows forms application with a button and message box, and a basic web application with a "Hello World" header. It also discusses opening and editing pages, building and running projects, and customizing project properties.
The document discusses C# and .NET Framework. It provides an overview of .NET Framework, describing it as a software framework developed by Microsoft that includes a large class library and provides language interoperability across programming languages. It executes in the Common Language Runtime, which provides services like security and memory management. The document also discusses different types of C# applications like Windows forms, console, and web applications. It provides steps to create a simple Windows form and web application in C#.
This document discusses inheritance and polymorphism in C#. It defines inheritance as allowing a derived class to inherit characteristics from a parent class. Methods and data from the parent class can be accessed differently depending on visibility modifiers like public, private, and protected. Inheritance allows class hierarchies to be formed. Polymorphism is enabled through inheritance and overriding methods in derived classes. Examples are provided to demonstrate inheritance, overriding methods, and class hierarchies.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in C#, including classes, constructors, destructors, and access modifiers. It provides examples of how to define classes with properties, methods, and constructors. It also explains the differences between public, private, and protected access modifiers and how they control accessibility of class members both within and outside of a class. The document contains code examples demonstrating the usage of classes, constructors, and access modifiers in C#.
There is great research in the field of data security these days. Storing information digitally in the cloud and transferring it over the internet proposes risks of disclosure and unauthorized access, thus users, organizations and businesses are adapting new technology and methods to protect their data from breaches. In this paper, we introduce a method to provide higher security for data transferred over the internet, or information based in the cloud. The introduced method for the most part depends on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Which is currently the standard for secret key encryption. A standardized version of the algorithm was used by The Federal Information Processing Standard 197 called Rijndael for the Advanced Encryption Standard. The AES algorithm processes data through a combination of Exclusive-OR operations (XOR), octet substitution with an S-box, row and column rotations, and a MixColumn operations. The fact that the algorithm could be easily implemented and run on a regular computer in a reasonable amount of time made it highly favorable and successful.
In this paper, the proposed method provides a new dimension of security to the AES algorithm by securing the key itself such that even when the key is disclosed, the text cannot be deciphered. This is done by enciphering the key using Output Feedback Block Mode Operation. This introduces a new level of security to the key in a way in which deciphering the data requires prior knowledge of the key and the algorithm used to encipher the key for the purpose of deciphering the transferred text.
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Abstract
There is great research going on in the field of data security nowadays. Protecting information from disclosure and breach is of high importance to users personally and to organizations and businesses around the world, as most of information currently are sensitive electronic information transferred over the internet and stored in cloud based system. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the security of messages transferred on the internet, or information stored in the cloud. Our proposed method mainly relies on the Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) algorithm. TDES is intact the Data Encryption Standard repeated three times in succession to encrypt data. TDES is considered highly secure as there is no applicable method to break the code itself without knowing the key. We propose to encrypt the key using Cipher Feedback Block algorithm, before using TDES to encrypt data. Such that even when the key is disclosed, the key itself cannot decipher the ciphered text without enciphering the key with CFB. This introduces a new dimension of security to the TDES algorithm.
The method introduced in this paper increases the security of the TDES algorithm using CFB algorithm by increasing the key security, such that it is actually not possible to decipher the text without prior knowledge and agreement of key and algorithms used.
Keywords: Data Encryption Standard, Triple Data Encryption Algorithm, Cipher Feedback Block.
Abstract
Digital images can be changed easily nowadays through the use of sophisticated software to edit images such as (Adobe Photoshop®). You can look at some manipulated pictures along the lines of the original images without any suspicion that they are also modified. Accordingly, the use of such software to edit the image makes ratification a difficult task and the use of this image in the courts for proving may become impossible.In this paper, a new method has been proposed for water fragile signs depending on the method of Pixel-wise. The proposed method is based on the included secret watermark and check bits in the green layer to the image of the colorful cover with the size of 512x512. The process of including watermark deals with the green class as a chess board with 512 x 512 sizes to avoid the inclusion of sequential bits in the spatial areas of the image of the cover. The process of extracting and discriminating the manipulation of watermark is used to determine whether the manipulation of the image containing watermark was done by an opponent or not. Therefore, the use of the extracted watermark and matrix manipulation to check the image containing watermark sent. Depending on the experimental results, the proposed method provides high quality, low distortion in the images contained watermark PSNR depending on their values. Also, the ability to recognize manipulation in the picture containing watermark in cases such as adding objects to the image containing the watermark, and the application of JPEG compression on image containing watermark, and removing objects from the image containing watermark, repeating the object image containing watermark, and adding a text on image including watermark.
Keywords: Check-bits, Fragile watermarking, PSNR, Secret watermark, Watermarked-image.
This document is a thesis submitted by Renas Rajab Asaad to Eastern Mediterranean University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Science degree in Computer Engineering. The thesis investigates the neuronal dynamics under noisy rate functions. It employs exact Markov simulations and analytical models like the Fox-Lu model, Linaro-Storace-Giugliano model, and Güler model to study the effects of noise in the rate functions of ion channel gates on neuronal dynamics. The study aims to provide a more detailed account of the phenomenon outlined by Güler regarding noisy rate functions in small neurons. Results from the different models are presented and compared.
This document discusses methods in object-oriented programming with C#. It defines methods as groups of statements that perform tasks and notes that every C# program has a Main method. It describes built-in methods provided by languages like Math methods and user-defined methods. It explains the syntax for defining methods, including access specifiers, return types, parameters, and bodies. It also covers passing arguments by value vs reference, and method overloading by having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
The document discusses loop constructs in C# programming. It covers the main loop types: for, while, and do-while loops. Examples are provided to illustrate each loop, showing how to iterate through code a specified number of times or until a condition is met. The break and continue statements are also explained, with examples showing how break terminates the current loop and continue skips to the next iteration. In summary, the document provides an overview of common loop structures in C# and examples of how to implement for, while, do-while, break, and continue control flows.
The document defines various string functions in C# including Clone(), CompareTo(), Contains(), EndsWith(), Equals(), GetHashCode(), GetType(), GetTypeCode(), IndexOf(), ToLower(), ToUpper(), Insert(), IsNormalized(), LastIndexOf(), Length, Remove(), Replace(), Split(), StartsWith(), Substring(), ToCharArray(), and Trim(). It then provides an example program that demonstrates how to use these functions by taking user input strings and displaying the results of applying each function selected from a dropdown menu.
The document discusses various programming concepts in C# including namespaces, data conversion, relational operators, Boolean expressions, and conditional control structures like if, else if, and switch statements. Namespaces are used to organize code elements and create unique types. The Convert class contains methods for converting between data types like strings and numbers. Conditional statements like if/else and switch/case allow for executing different blocks of code depending on conditional expressions being true or false.
The document discusses various methods for reading, writing, and appending text to files in C# including using FileStream, StreamReader, and StreamWriter. It provides code examples of opening, reading, and writing to files, as well as using file dialogs to select files. Key methods discussed are File.ReadAllText, File.WriteAllText, File.AppendAllText, StreamReader.ReadToEnd, StreamWriter.WriteLine, and open file dialogs.
This document discusses object-oriented programming in C#. It begins by explaining the goals of learning C# program structure, comments, data types, and variables. It then provides the basic structure of a C# program and steps to create a graphic user interface project in Visual Studio. Examples are given to add two values and multiply two values by converting textbox inputs to integers, performing calculations, and outputting results. The document also covers comments, C# data types, and methods for converting between data types.
This document discusses various programming concepts in C#, including comments, arithmetic operations, relational operators, assignment operations, increment/decrement operators, and loop statements. It provides examples of code using these different concepts, such as using various arithmetic operators like addition and multiplication, relational operators like equal and not equal, assignment operators, and examples of for, while, and do-while loop statements.
This document provides information about creating and running object-oriented programs in C# using Visual Studio. It discusses the .NET framework and different types of applications that can be created. It then provides step-by-step instructions on creating a simple Windows forms application with a button and message box, and a basic web application with a "Hello World" header. It also discusses opening and editing pages, building and running projects, and customizing project properties.
The document discusses C# and .NET Framework. It provides an overview of .NET Framework, describing it as a software framework developed by Microsoft that includes a large class library and provides language interoperability across programming languages. It executes in the Common Language Runtime, which provides services like security and memory management. The document also discusses different types of C# applications like Windows forms, console, and web applications. It provides steps to create a simple Windows form and web application in C#.
This document discusses inheritance and polymorphism in C#. It defines inheritance as allowing a derived class to inherit characteristics from a parent class. Methods and data from the parent class can be accessed differently depending on visibility modifiers like public, private, and protected. Inheritance allows class hierarchies to be formed. Polymorphism is enabled through inheritance and overriding methods in derived classes. Examples are provided to demonstrate inheritance, overriding methods, and class hierarchies.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in C#, including classes, constructors, destructors, and access modifiers. It provides examples of how to define classes with properties, methods, and constructors. It also explains the differences between public, private, and protected access modifiers and how they control accessibility of class members both within and outside of a class. The document contains code examples demonstrating the usage of classes, constructors, and access modifiers in C#.
There is great research in the field of data security these days. Storing information digitally in the cloud and transferring it over the internet proposes risks of disclosure and unauthorized access, thus users, organizations and businesses are adapting new technology and methods to protect their data from breaches. In this paper, we introduce a method to provide higher security for data transferred over the internet, or information based in the cloud. The introduced method for the most part depends on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Which is currently the standard for secret key encryption. A standardized version of the algorithm was used by The Federal Information Processing Standard 197 called Rijndael for the Advanced Encryption Standard. The AES algorithm processes data through a combination of Exclusive-OR operations (XOR), octet substitution with an S-box, row and column rotations, and a MixColumn operations. The fact that the algorithm could be easily implemented and run on a regular computer in a reasonable amount of time made it highly favorable and successful.
In this paper, the proposed method provides a new dimension of security to the AES algorithm by securing the key itself such that even when the key is disclosed, the text cannot be deciphered. This is done by enciphering the key using Output Feedback Block Mode Operation. This introduces a new level of security to the key in a way in which deciphering the data requires prior knowledge of the key and the algorithm used to encipher the key for the purpose of deciphering the transferred text.
Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords:
Abstract
There is great research going on in the field of data security nowadays. Protecting information from disclosure and breach is of high importance to users personally and to organizations and businesses around the world, as most of information currently are sensitive electronic information transferred over the internet and stored in cloud based system. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the security of messages transferred on the internet, or information stored in the cloud. Our proposed method mainly relies on the Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) algorithm. TDES is intact the Data Encryption Standard repeated three times in succession to encrypt data. TDES is considered highly secure as there is no applicable method to break the code itself without knowing the key. We propose to encrypt the key using Cipher Feedback Block algorithm, before using TDES to encrypt data. Such that even when the key is disclosed, the key itself cannot decipher the ciphered text without enciphering the key with CFB. This introduces a new dimension of security to the TDES algorithm.
The method introduced in this paper increases the security of the TDES algorithm using CFB algorithm by increasing the key security, such that it is actually not possible to decipher the text without prior knowledge and agreement of key and algorithms used.
Keywords: Data Encryption Standard, Triple Data Encryption Algorithm, Cipher Feedback Block.
Abstract
Digital images can be changed easily nowadays through the use of sophisticated software to edit images such as (Adobe Photoshop®). You can look at some manipulated pictures along the lines of the original images without any suspicion that they are also modified. Accordingly, the use of such software to edit the image makes ratification a difficult task and the use of this image in the courts for proving may become impossible.In this paper, a new method has been proposed for water fragile signs depending on the method of Pixel-wise. The proposed method is based on the included secret watermark and check bits in the green layer to the image of the colorful cover with the size of 512x512. The process of including watermark deals with the green class as a chess board with 512 x 512 sizes to avoid the inclusion of sequential bits in the spatial areas of the image of the cover. The process of extracting and discriminating the manipulation of watermark is used to determine whether the manipulation of the image containing watermark was done by an opponent or not. Therefore, the use of the extracted watermark and matrix manipulation to check the image containing watermark sent. Depending on the experimental results, the proposed method provides high quality, low distortion in the images contained watermark PSNR depending on their values. Also, the ability to recognize manipulation in the picture containing watermark in cases such as adding objects to the image containing the watermark, and the application of JPEG compression on image containing watermark, and removing objects from the image containing watermark, repeating the object image containing watermark, and adding a text on image including watermark.
Keywords: Check-bits, Fragile watermarking, PSNR, Secret watermark, Watermarked-image.
This document is a thesis submitted by Renas Rajab Asaad to Eastern Mediterranean University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Science degree in Computer Engineering. The thesis investigates the neuronal dynamics under noisy rate functions. It employs exact Markov simulations and analytical models like the Fox-Lu model, Linaro-Storace-Giugliano model, and Güler model to study the effects of noise in the rate functions of ion channel gates on neuronal dynamics. The study aims to provide a more detailed account of the phenomenon outlined by Güler regarding noisy rate functions in small neurons. Results from the different models are presented and compared.