This document provides technical design guidance for installing commercial solar thermal systems. It discusses considerations for sizing and installing solar collectors, designing the solar circuit piping layout, integrating frost protection, preventing stagnation, selecting appropriate pump stations and safety components, sizing solar loading modules and fresh water modules, and commissioning the control system. The guidance emphasizes following recommendations for proper system design and installation while allowing for installer discretion in final designs.
The technical paper discusses the proper care and maintenance of hydraulic hose assemblies. It outlines several key areas of consideration for maximizing the working life of hydraulic systems, including inspecting components for defects, following manufacturer guidelines for assembly, avoiding sharp bends, allowing for machine tolerances, and regularly checking for leaks or failures. The paper emphasizes that while hydraulic systems provide benefits, fluids under high pressure can be dangerous if assemblies are not properly maintained.
The document provides information on various pump and process equipment product lines from different manufacturers, including:
- Envirogear Maag gear pumps with a patented seal for bearing protection.
- Cornell pump company's end suction, sewage, slurry, and other pumps.
- Flygt pumps including submersible pumps up to 700hp and portable dewatering equipment.
- Eagleburgmann mechanical seals for pumps, compressors, and agitators with testing and repair facilities.
- Warren Rupp sandpiper diaphragm pumps in various sizes and materials with a heavy duty ball valve.
Trustin Pipe Brochure designed by Balikpapandesign.comMuhammad Iwan
This document discusses HDPE pipe produced by Eurapipe Indonesia for water, process, industrial, and mining applications. It provides information on:
- Eurapipe Indonesia's production of HDPE pipe from 15mm to 1000mm diameter for transmission and distribution applications.
- Jointing methods for HDPE pipe including butt welding, electrofusion, flanges, and mechanical couplings.
- Applications of HDPE pipe in water/wastewater infrastructure, mining/mineral processing, and industrial uses.
- Advantages of HDPE pipe including corrosion resistance, flexibility, impact resistance, smooth bore, and lightweight.
This document describes an advanced tubular plate lead-acid battery called RES SOPzS that is ideal for energy storage applications for residential solar installations and infrastructure systems. The battery has several advantages including a long cycle life of up to 2000 cycles at 20°C depth of discharge, high performance and reliability due to its design and materials, and easy maintenance due to infrequent watering needs. It is manufactured in Europe and complies with various industry standards. The document provides details on the battery's technical features and benefits, product range, applications, and the manufacturer Systems Sunlight which has over 30 years of experience in battery technology.
1. The Arctic Pad is a heated rubber mat system developed for arctic and harsh environments to improve on current anti-icing and de-icing methods while providing a durable non-slip surface.
2. It contains self-regulating heat trace embedded in the core that automatically adjusts heating based on temperature without controls.
3. The mat provides advantages over traditional heat tracing like easier installation, improved heat distribution, traction, durability, and lower costs.
The document describes two types of diaphragm valves: straight through and weir type. It provides details on their construction, materials used, operating pressures and temperatures. Diaphragm valves are recommended for applications involving slurries, suspended solids, or corrosive substances due to their corrosion resistance and leak tight shut-off.
Superior Water Conditioners manufactures multi-field magnetic water conditioners that use magnetism to alter hard water minerals and prevent scale buildup. Their proprietary technology follows a precise formula based on flow rate and pipe diameter to treat water through magnetic fields. Superior conditioners control scale and corrosion without chemicals or energy, providing benefits for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. As an American family-owned company with over 50 years of experience, Superior delivers proven performance and customer satisfaction.
The technical paper discusses the proper care and maintenance of hydraulic hose assemblies. It outlines several key areas of consideration for maximizing the working life of hydraulic systems, including inspecting components for defects, following manufacturer guidelines for assembly, avoiding sharp bends, allowing for machine tolerances, and regularly checking for leaks or failures. The paper emphasizes that while hydraulic systems provide benefits, fluids under high pressure can be dangerous if assemblies are not properly maintained.
The document provides information on various pump and process equipment product lines from different manufacturers, including:
- Envirogear Maag gear pumps with a patented seal for bearing protection.
- Cornell pump company's end suction, sewage, slurry, and other pumps.
- Flygt pumps including submersible pumps up to 700hp and portable dewatering equipment.
- Eagleburgmann mechanical seals for pumps, compressors, and agitators with testing and repair facilities.
- Warren Rupp sandpiper diaphragm pumps in various sizes and materials with a heavy duty ball valve.
Trustin Pipe Brochure designed by Balikpapandesign.comMuhammad Iwan
This document discusses HDPE pipe produced by Eurapipe Indonesia for water, process, industrial, and mining applications. It provides information on:
- Eurapipe Indonesia's production of HDPE pipe from 15mm to 1000mm diameter for transmission and distribution applications.
- Jointing methods for HDPE pipe including butt welding, electrofusion, flanges, and mechanical couplings.
- Applications of HDPE pipe in water/wastewater infrastructure, mining/mineral processing, and industrial uses.
- Advantages of HDPE pipe including corrosion resistance, flexibility, impact resistance, smooth bore, and lightweight.
This document describes an advanced tubular plate lead-acid battery called RES SOPzS that is ideal for energy storage applications for residential solar installations and infrastructure systems. The battery has several advantages including a long cycle life of up to 2000 cycles at 20°C depth of discharge, high performance and reliability due to its design and materials, and easy maintenance due to infrequent watering needs. It is manufactured in Europe and complies with various industry standards. The document provides details on the battery's technical features and benefits, product range, applications, and the manufacturer Systems Sunlight which has over 30 years of experience in battery technology.
1. The Arctic Pad is a heated rubber mat system developed for arctic and harsh environments to improve on current anti-icing and de-icing methods while providing a durable non-slip surface.
2. It contains self-regulating heat trace embedded in the core that automatically adjusts heating based on temperature without controls.
3. The mat provides advantages over traditional heat tracing like easier installation, improved heat distribution, traction, durability, and lower costs.
The document describes two types of diaphragm valves: straight through and weir type. It provides details on their construction, materials used, operating pressures and temperatures. Diaphragm valves are recommended for applications involving slurries, suspended solids, or corrosive substances due to their corrosion resistance and leak tight shut-off.
Superior Water Conditioners manufactures multi-field magnetic water conditioners that use magnetism to alter hard water minerals and prevent scale buildup. Their proprietary technology follows a precise formula based on flow rate and pipe diameter to treat water through magnetic fields. Superior conditioners control scale and corrosion without chemicals or energy, providing benefits for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. As an American family-owned company with over 50 years of experience, Superior delivers proven performance and customer satisfaction.
SunMaxx Installation Manual - UniMaxx SC 500 AC V3 Solar Pump StationSunMaxx Solar
This document provides installation and commissioning instructions for a UniMaxx Solar Pump Station. It contains:
- A table of contents listing the sections and subsections within the document.
- Safety information and instructions for installing the solar station components, connecting piping, and commissioning the system.
- Descriptions of the solar station components including valves, fittings, sensors and a pump.
- Step-by-step instructions for assembling and installing the solar station, connecting it to other system components, and filling and venting the solar circuit.
This document discusses and compares different HVAC system types for buildings including cold water systems, VRF systems, and package units. It provides details on system components, installation considerations, costs, energy efficiency, and maintenance requirements. Key points covered include that cold water systems have higher costs in Israel but longer lifespans, VRF systems are less costly but need space for outdoor units, and package units require ductwork to transport air to and from indoor units. Heat pump and heat recovery systems are also discussed.
Service Solahart Bogor Kami Dari CV.DAVITAMA Menyediakan Jasa Perbaiakan Pemanas Air Solahart Solar Water Heater Tenaga Matahari Solahart Super L Series - Solahart L Series - Free Heat Gold KF-JBT - Handal ECO Ditangani teknisi berpengalaman selama puluhan tahun
OFFICE Support
Butuh informasi solahart detail mengenai produk kami? Kami melayani service, penjualan, spare part, juga melayani para member kontraktor yang ingin menjual produk kami kepada konsumen mereka. Kami juga melayani pelayanan GARANSI bagi setiap konsumen yang mendapat masalah tentang problem produk SOLAHART. Hubungi Teknisi Atau Marketing Consultan kami segera..!! CV Davi Natama
Solar Water heater Tenaga Matahari adalah sebuah alat yang berfungsi sebagai pemanas air. Water heater banyak digunakan di hotel, apartemen , rumah susun , dan perumahan. Khususnya di dataran tinggi , water heater hampir dimiliki oleh setiap rumah karena cuaca atau iklim yang dingin Sebuah pemanas air tenaga matahari (Solar Water Heater) dapat menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk rumah anda. Jika anda frustrasi dengan biaya listrik rumah anda, mungkin sudah saatnya untuk menjangkau solusi energi yang lebih efisien. Anda bisa mendapatkan pemanas air lain yang jauh lebih efisien daripada yang anda miliki. Tenaga matahari tersedia melimpah tak terbatas untuk anda, ini solusi yang memberi manfaat untuk Anda
Service Solahart (021) 99316735 cikarang Kami Dari CV.DAVITAMA Menyediakan Jasa Perbaiakan Pemanas Air Solahart Solar Water Heater Tenaga Matahari Solahart Super L Series - Solahart L Series - Free Heat Gold KF-JBT - Handal ECO Ditangani teknisi berpengalaman selama puluhan tahun
OFFICE Support
Butuh informasi solahart detail mengenai produk kami? Kami melayani service, penjualan, spare part, juga melayani para member kontraktor yang ingin menjual produk kami kepada konsumen mereka. Kami juga melayani pelayanan GARANSI bagi setiap konsumen yang mendapat masalah tentang problem produk SOLAHART. Hubungi Teknisi Atau Marketing Consultan kami segera..!! CV Davi Natama
Solar Water heater Tenaga Matahari adalah sebuah alat yang berfungsi sebagai pemanas air. Water heater banyak digunakan di hotel, apartemen , rumah susun , dan perumahan. Khususnya di dataran tinggi , water heater hampir dimiliki oleh setiap rumah karena cuaca atau iklim yang dingin Sebuah pemanas air tenaga matahari (Solar Water Heater) dapat menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk rumah anda. Jika anda frustrasi dengan biaya listrik rumah anda, mungkin sudah saatnya untuk menjangkau solusi energi yang lebih efisien. Anda bisa mendapatkan pemanas air lain yang jauh lebih efisien daripada yang anda miliki. Tenaga matahari tersedia melimpah tak terbatas untuk anda, ini solusi yang memberi manfaat untuk Anda
This document provides installation instructions for IEC certified solar modules. It includes guidelines on safety, site selection, mounting methods, grounding, wiring, electrical configuration, maintenance and recycling. The manual describes two mounting methods (bolt fixing and clamp fixing). It also provides environmental operating conditions and product identification information.
Corona treating increases the surface tension/energy of HDPE sheets from 33 to approximately 45-46 dynes/cm2. The effects of corona treatment last for around 3-4 months, after which the surface energy starts to decrease again. Corona treatment does not affect the tensile strength or other physical properties of HDPE sheets. While ozone gas is emitted during corona treatment, it can be exhausted out of the work area using suitable ducting. The best adhesive to use for corona treating HDPE sheets in corrugated sheet manufacturing depends on the required peel strength, shear strength, and tack properties. Starch adhesives are commonly used but can absorb moisture over time, so synthetic adhesives based on P
This document provides an overview of fuse characteristics, terms, considerations, and selection factors. It defines key fuse-related terms like current rating, breaking capacity, dimensions, and construction. It also covers selection factors like ambient temperature, pulses, and standards. The purpose is to help readers understand fuses and properly select the right fuse for their application. Selection involves considering characteristics like operating current, temperature, pulses and standards to avoid issues like nuisance opening.
This document provides installation instructions for REC 60-cell solar panels. It outlines safety measures for panel handling and electrical work. It also describes mechanical installation requirements including fire safety, orientation, and environmental factors. Finally, it specifies the approved mounting methods, rail and clamp specifications, electrical connections, maintenance procedures, and panel information.
Solar water heaters are seen as an ideal solution by the South African government to provide hot water without monthly bills and reduce electricity demand. However, some have doubts due to past negative experiences. The document discusses how the SABS plays a critical role in establishing standards through rigorous testing to ensure solar water heaters can withstand South Africa's extreme weather and perform efficiently. A variety of tests are described that evaluate mechanical integrity, pressure resistance, resistance to rain, hail, freezing temperatures, and thermal performance. Ongoing improvements are made to testing standards.
This document discusses cast resin transformers, including:
- Their applications in distribution systems, power production, rectification, traction, and special solutions.
- Compliance with international and national standards.
- Selection criteria such as integration with other products, correspondence to standards, and suitability for various installation and environmental contexts.
- Key advantages over oil transformers such as being self-extinguishing, reducing environmental pollution and maintenance needs.
The document discusses a waste water treatment plant that installed a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) and Steam Turbine Generator to increase efficiency and reduce costs. Utility Plant Solutions provided start-up, commissioning, and operation services during the project. They have since taken over plant operations and maintenance. The document also announces that Utility Plant Solutions is now an authorized distributor for Gem Steam Traps and VAF Filtration Systems.
This document appears to be a catalogue from Super Seal Flexible Hose Limited listing their various hose products and specifications. It includes an index of contents which lists various hose series for applications like hydraulic, steam, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel dispensing, and more. It also includes sections about the company's infrastructure, SAE recommended practices for hose selection and installation, factors that affect hose service life, and how to analyze hose failures.
Alstom is a global leader in power generation equipment and services, with over 100 years of experience. They provide a wide range of heat exchange and liquid treatment equipment that is critical for clean, efficient power production. This includes condensers, moisture separators, reheaters, feedwater heaters, deaerators, and systems for treating radioactive liquid waste. Alstom works with customers throughout the lifetime of their plants to maximize performance, reliability, and return on investment through services like operations, maintenance, retrofits, and upgrades.
This document summarizes the Triton T3CDS cable gland from CMP Products, which uses a patented Compensating Displacement Seal system (CDS) to provide an effective seal for cable inner sheaths. The CDS system protects the cable from excess force during tightening and can accommodate various cable diameters. The cable gland provides explosion proofing certification and has a simple three-step installation process. It offers options for different materials, temperature ratings, and an integrated thread seal.
Solutions that Integrate - White Paper Series Part III: Oil and Gas Connectio...NorthwireCable
Continuing LEMO and Northwire’s collaborative white paper series is an in-depth analysis of the extreme environmental factors and electrical, mechanical, regulatory, and end-user demands of the oil and gas industry. These fuel sources continue to be dominant players in energy production around the world, and the extraction and refinement of oil and natural gas is constantly being examined and improved to increase efficiency and lower costs.
System ISAS is designed for emergency cooling and extinguishing fires on transformers using a technology spraying fine dispersed water. Neutral gas generators are used to create the effect of fine water and water mist.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
More Related Content
Similar to Kingspan Solar Commercial Design Guidelines
SunMaxx Installation Manual - UniMaxx SC 500 AC V3 Solar Pump StationSunMaxx Solar
This document provides installation and commissioning instructions for a UniMaxx Solar Pump Station. It contains:
- A table of contents listing the sections and subsections within the document.
- Safety information and instructions for installing the solar station components, connecting piping, and commissioning the system.
- Descriptions of the solar station components including valves, fittings, sensors and a pump.
- Step-by-step instructions for assembling and installing the solar station, connecting it to other system components, and filling and venting the solar circuit.
This document discusses and compares different HVAC system types for buildings including cold water systems, VRF systems, and package units. It provides details on system components, installation considerations, costs, energy efficiency, and maintenance requirements. Key points covered include that cold water systems have higher costs in Israel but longer lifespans, VRF systems are less costly but need space for outdoor units, and package units require ductwork to transport air to and from indoor units. Heat pump and heat recovery systems are also discussed.
Service Solahart Bogor Kami Dari CV.DAVITAMA Menyediakan Jasa Perbaiakan Pemanas Air Solahart Solar Water Heater Tenaga Matahari Solahart Super L Series - Solahart L Series - Free Heat Gold KF-JBT - Handal ECO Ditangani teknisi berpengalaman selama puluhan tahun
OFFICE Support
Butuh informasi solahart detail mengenai produk kami? Kami melayani service, penjualan, spare part, juga melayani para member kontraktor yang ingin menjual produk kami kepada konsumen mereka. Kami juga melayani pelayanan GARANSI bagi setiap konsumen yang mendapat masalah tentang problem produk SOLAHART. Hubungi Teknisi Atau Marketing Consultan kami segera..!! CV Davi Natama
Solar Water heater Tenaga Matahari adalah sebuah alat yang berfungsi sebagai pemanas air. Water heater banyak digunakan di hotel, apartemen , rumah susun , dan perumahan. Khususnya di dataran tinggi , water heater hampir dimiliki oleh setiap rumah karena cuaca atau iklim yang dingin Sebuah pemanas air tenaga matahari (Solar Water Heater) dapat menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk rumah anda. Jika anda frustrasi dengan biaya listrik rumah anda, mungkin sudah saatnya untuk menjangkau solusi energi yang lebih efisien. Anda bisa mendapatkan pemanas air lain yang jauh lebih efisien daripada yang anda miliki. Tenaga matahari tersedia melimpah tak terbatas untuk anda, ini solusi yang memberi manfaat untuk Anda
Service Solahart (021) 99316735 cikarang Kami Dari CV.DAVITAMA Menyediakan Jasa Perbaiakan Pemanas Air Solahart Solar Water Heater Tenaga Matahari Solahart Super L Series - Solahart L Series - Free Heat Gold KF-JBT - Handal ECO Ditangani teknisi berpengalaman selama puluhan tahun
OFFICE Support
Butuh informasi solahart detail mengenai produk kami? Kami melayani service, penjualan, spare part, juga melayani para member kontraktor yang ingin menjual produk kami kepada konsumen mereka. Kami juga melayani pelayanan GARANSI bagi setiap konsumen yang mendapat masalah tentang problem produk SOLAHART. Hubungi Teknisi Atau Marketing Consultan kami segera..!! CV Davi Natama
Solar Water heater Tenaga Matahari adalah sebuah alat yang berfungsi sebagai pemanas air. Water heater banyak digunakan di hotel, apartemen , rumah susun , dan perumahan. Khususnya di dataran tinggi , water heater hampir dimiliki oleh setiap rumah karena cuaca atau iklim yang dingin Sebuah pemanas air tenaga matahari (Solar Water Heater) dapat menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk rumah anda. Jika anda frustrasi dengan biaya listrik rumah anda, mungkin sudah saatnya untuk menjangkau solusi energi yang lebih efisien. Anda bisa mendapatkan pemanas air lain yang jauh lebih efisien daripada yang anda miliki. Tenaga matahari tersedia melimpah tak terbatas untuk anda, ini solusi yang memberi manfaat untuk Anda
This document provides installation instructions for IEC certified solar modules. It includes guidelines on safety, site selection, mounting methods, grounding, wiring, electrical configuration, maintenance and recycling. The manual describes two mounting methods (bolt fixing and clamp fixing). It also provides environmental operating conditions and product identification information.
Corona treating increases the surface tension/energy of HDPE sheets from 33 to approximately 45-46 dynes/cm2. The effects of corona treatment last for around 3-4 months, after which the surface energy starts to decrease again. Corona treatment does not affect the tensile strength or other physical properties of HDPE sheets. While ozone gas is emitted during corona treatment, it can be exhausted out of the work area using suitable ducting. The best adhesive to use for corona treating HDPE sheets in corrugated sheet manufacturing depends on the required peel strength, shear strength, and tack properties. Starch adhesives are commonly used but can absorb moisture over time, so synthetic adhesives based on P
This document provides an overview of fuse characteristics, terms, considerations, and selection factors. It defines key fuse-related terms like current rating, breaking capacity, dimensions, and construction. It also covers selection factors like ambient temperature, pulses, and standards. The purpose is to help readers understand fuses and properly select the right fuse for their application. Selection involves considering characteristics like operating current, temperature, pulses and standards to avoid issues like nuisance opening.
This document provides installation instructions for REC 60-cell solar panels. It outlines safety measures for panel handling and electrical work. It also describes mechanical installation requirements including fire safety, orientation, and environmental factors. Finally, it specifies the approved mounting methods, rail and clamp specifications, electrical connections, maintenance procedures, and panel information.
Solar water heaters are seen as an ideal solution by the South African government to provide hot water without monthly bills and reduce electricity demand. However, some have doubts due to past negative experiences. The document discusses how the SABS plays a critical role in establishing standards through rigorous testing to ensure solar water heaters can withstand South Africa's extreme weather and perform efficiently. A variety of tests are described that evaluate mechanical integrity, pressure resistance, resistance to rain, hail, freezing temperatures, and thermal performance. Ongoing improvements are made to testing standards.
This document discusses cast resin transformers, including:
- Their applications in distribution systems, power production, rectification, traction, and special solutions.
- Compliance with international and national standards.
- Selection criteria such as integration with other products, correspondence to standards, and suitability for various installation and environmental contexts.
- Key advantages over oil transformers such as being self-extinguishing, reducing environmental pollution and maintenance needs.
The document discusses a waste water treatment plant that installed a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) and Steam Turbine Generator to increase efficiency and reduce costs. Utility Plant Solutions provided start-up, commissioning, and operation services during the project. They have since taken over plant operations and maintenance. The document also announces that Utility Plant Solutions is now an authorized distributor for Gem Steam Traps and VAF Filtration Systems.
This document appears to be a catalogue from Super Seal Flexible Hose Limited listing their various hose products and specifications. It includes an index of contents which lists various hose series for applications like hydraulic, steam, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel dispensing, and more. It also includes sections about the company's infrastructure, SAE recommended practices for hose selection and installation, factors that affect hose service life, and how to analyze hose failures.
Alstom is a global leader in power generation equipment and services, with over 100 years of experience. They provide a wide range of heat exchange and liquid treatment equipment that is critical for clean, efficient power production. This includes condensers, moisture separators, reheaters, feedwater heaters, deaerators, and systems for treating radioactive liquid waste. Alstom works with customers throughout the lifetime of their plants to maximize performance, reliability, and return on investment through services like operations, maintenance, retrofits, and upgrades.
This document summarizes the Triton T3CDS cable gland from CMP Products, which uses a patented Compensating Displacement Seal system (CDS) to provide an effective seal for cable inner sheaths. The CDS system protects the cable from excess force during tightening and can accommodate various cable diameters. The cable gland provides explosion proofing certification and has a simple three-step installation process. It offers options for different materials, temperature ratings, and an integrated thread seal.
Solutions that Integrate - White Paper Series Part III: Oil and Gas Connectio...NorthwireCable
Continuing LEMO and Northwire’s collaborative white paper series is an in-depth analysis of the extreme environmental factors and electrical, mechanical, regulatory, and end-user demands of the oil and gas industry. These fuel sources continue to be dominant players in energy production around the world, and the extraction and refinement of oil and natural gas is constantly being examined and improved to increase efficiency and lower costs.
System ISAS is designed for emergency cooling and extinguishing fires on transformers using a technology spraying fine dispersed water. Neutral gas generators are used to create the effect of fine water and water mist.
Similar to Kingspan Solar Commercial Design Guidelines (20)
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
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1. Renewables
Technical Design Guide
1
Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Considerations when installing a Solar Thermal System
2. Technical Design Guidance Document
IMPORTANT
This document is for guidance only. All solar
2 systems should be fully designed by a
competent engineer.
Kingspan Group Plc or any of its companies
do not take responsibility for any systems
designed using the following details. For
system design assistance, please contact
our technical support team:
+44 (0) 28 3836 4500
All descriptions and specifications of products and procedures in this guide are current at
the time of printing. However, Kingspan Renewables is continually involved in product testing
and improvement, and specifications and procedures are subject to change. We reserve the
right to amend specifications and procedures without prior notice.
3. Why Choose Kingspan Solar? Contents
With over 30 years of experience, the
04
Thermomax brand is firmly established as Collectors
installation
a world leader in solar thermal technology.
Kingspan Solar offer quality, market-leading
complete packages for all your solar
requirements. Each package is custom
designed for each specific application. Our
premium quality solar panels and hot water
storage cylinders are sized and specified 05 07
to meet the requirements of each individual The solar circuit Frost protection
project. A number of accessories are also
available to enhance the system.
Throughout this guide various
suggestions have been made for system
design and installation. You are strongly
advised to follow these suggestions,
however, final design of any installation is
08 09
left to the discretion of the installer. Stagnation Pump Stations
prevention and Safety
Components
Regulations and Standards
The solar water heating system should be
installed in compliance with current building
regulations, all local standards and Health
& Safety regulations. These regulations are 11 12
statutory documents and take priority over all Solar Loading Control
recommendations within this document. Module and Fresh system
Water Modules
For installation and operating procedures,
please refer to the Installation and Operating
manuals provided with the products.
13 14
Commissioning Appendix 1 -
Steam Reach
16 ..
Appendix 2 -
Thermomax products were
Pump Sizing
International Forum
Design Award the first to receive the
for Excellence in European quality mark for
solar collectors -
Product Design The Solar Keymark.
4. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Collectors Installation.
4
Maximum collector array size:
150 Thermomax tubes (DF100, HP200, HP250, Varisol)
8 no. Flat Plates (CLS1808, CLS2108, CLS2510)
8 no. Flat Plates (FP200V, FP240V)
5 no. Flat Plates (FP200H)
4 no. Flat Plates (FP240H)
Mounting.
A wide variety of mounting kits is available to suit almost any installation.
Where collectors are arranged in banks or laid flat, sufficient space of
approximately 500mm should be left between each bank to allow for servicing.
Due to the wind turbulence around the edges of the roof, we recommend that
approximately 1 metre should be allowed between the collectors and the edge
of the roof.
Collectors should NOT be left exposed for long periods before commissioning.
Long exposure to the sun when fluid is not being circulated through the system
will cause significant degradation of the fluid and possible damage to solar
collectors. Collectors should only be installed when the required plant,
cylinders, pipework and controls etc have been installed and tested.
Where collectors need to be installed for more than a few days before the
system is commissioned, collector covers are available to prevent exposure.
It is also possible to rotate the tubes in Thermomax panels (DF range only) to
prevent the selective absorber coating (blue side) being exposed to the sun.
However, although this will minimise the solar irradiation falling on the
absorbers, it is only recommended for short periods.
DF100 and Varisol DF collector tubes cannot be rotated when there is
pressure in the hydraulic system. Tubes must be correctly orientated
before the system is pressurised.
5. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
The Solar Circuit
5
Pipework.
Pipework for the collector array should be sized based on the following
conditions:
For Thermomax tube systems. Solar loop volume flow rate: 60 l/hr/m2 < 12m2
collector area & 40 l/hr/m2 >12m2 collector area.
For flat panel systems. Solar loop volume flow rate: 60 l/hr/m2 < 12m2
collector area & 40 l/hr/m2 >12m2 collector area. For low flow systems: 25
l/hr/m2 (flat panel only)
Please note, Thermomax tube systems cannot be used with low flow designs.
The maximum flow velocity in the pipework should not exceed 1.0 m/s.
The pipework for the solar circuit must be fully insulated. The thickness of the
insulation should be greater than or equal to the internal pipe diameter.
Hydraulic Balancing.
On collector arrays with multiple banks of panels it is important that the correct
flow rate is achieved on each bank of collectors. Incorrect flow rates, in
particular low flow rates on individual banks can reduce the overall efficiency of
the system. In extreme cases the individual bank may stagnate and this could
result in damage to the collectors and other system components.
The two methods to best achieve the correct hydraulic balance are high
temperature balancing valves or a reverse-return (Tichelmann) pipe
arrangement:
1. Individual solar rated balancing valves (flowsetters) on each bank are the
preferred method of achieving the correct flow rates. Where the collector
banks contain varying numbers of panels or differently sized panels this is
the only method of achieving the correct flow rates.
2. Where each of the collector banks are identical in construction a reverse-
return (Tichelmann) pipe arrangement may be used.
Care must be taken to ensure the same fittings and components are used
on each bank connection. In this way the pressure loss across each branch
will be the same.
Pipe materials.
Suitable pipe materials for solar thermal systems are smooth bore copper,
black mild steel or stainless steel. Under no circumstances should plastic or
PEX pipe be used. Corrugated stainless steel may be used however, the high
pressure loss per length of pipe for this material means it will be unsuitable for
all but the smallest systems.
Galvanised pipe must not be used as it reacts with glycol based heat
transfer fluids making them ineffective for frost protection.
6. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Thermal Expansion.
6 The coefficient of linear expansion of copper is 16.8 x 10-6 per °C . In large
solar systems the pipe work connecting the collectors may be subject to
extreme changes in temperature from subzero in winter to over 170°C in the
event of stagnation. Therefore a 10 metre length of copper tube, irrespective of
its size, wall thickness or temper, could change in length by up to 33.6 mm (in
the temperature range of -25°C to 175°C).
Pipes installed on solar thermal systems must be free to accommodate this
expansion, otherwise stresses will build up in the pipework, which may lead to
joints being pulled apart and/or tubes fracturing. The magnitude and frequency
of such changes in length can result in the reduced life of the joint or failure of
the pipe within a short period.
Large loops, horseshoes or changes of direction in the pipework are commonly
employed to compensate for thermal expansion. If bellows or gland type joints
are used they must be rated for the high temperatures experienced in solar
thermal systems.
7. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Frost Protection
7
Anti-Freeze Protection & Bypass.
In areas prone to sub-zero temperatures for part of the year, care must be
taken prevent the heat transfer fluid from freezing and causing damage inside
the collector, external pipework or heat exchanger. In these areas a mixture of
water and antifreeze (conventionally propylene glycol) is used.
To prevent errors in the % concentration of glycol, Kingspan offer premixed
solutions of glycol with 25% and 45% concentration, depending on region.
1.2-propylene glycol is a non-flammable liquid that is non-toxic and biologically
degradable. Subject to EU criteria it is neither subject to compulsory marking
nor to special transport regulations.
Where freezing protection is not required, Kingspan can provide a special
formulation of corrosion inhibitors which is compatible with evacuated tube
solar collectors.
Bypass Loop
A bypass valve and the controller ‘Bypass function’ should be activated for
systems with pipe runs greater than 20m (one way) or where over 50% of the
pipework is outside the building. The purpose is to preheat the solar loop
before introducing the heat to the heat exchanger. This prevents cooling of the
storage and the risk of frost to the heat exchanger.
For the Bypass function to operate effectively a suitably sized 3 port
diverter valve & additional controller sensor (PT1000) must be ordered.
The sensor should be installed on the solar flow side of the diverter valve.
8. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Stagnation Prevention
8
Heat Dissipation.
A heat dissipater is required for all Thermomax direct flow collectors.
Any heat pipe collector system with long periods of reduced consumption or a
seasonal demand eg a school, university, holiday home etc. will also require a
heat dissipater.
Sizing guide for heat dissipater (based on ΔT = 40°C with no forced
circulation):
· 420 W/m2 collector area for evacuated tube collectors
· 250 W/m2 for flat plate collectors
The Kingspan ‘Heat Dissipater’ (code KSP0237) is suitable for up to 40 tubes.
Steam reach.
During stagnation the heat transfer fluid in the collectors may vaporise. The
vapour will expand into the connecting pipe work. In large systems with direct
flow collectors, the volume of heat transfer fluid in the collector will be large
and the vapour may travel a significant distance along the connecting
pipework.
Where sensitive components such as pumps, valves and expansion vessels
may be affected by the high temperature vapour, a steam reach calculation
should be performed to assess the areas of the system that could be affected.
An example calculation is given in Appendix 1.
9. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Pump Stations and Safety Components
9
Pumping stations.
A range of solar pumping stations are available for all sizes of solar thermal
systems. The selection of the pump station depends on the size of the collector
array, the required flow rate and the overall pressure loss in the system. An
example pump sizing calculation is provided in Appendix 2.
Pump station KSP0106 requires a flow meter to be installed separately in the
return pipe below the pump station.
Pump stations KSP0156 & KSP0157 require a flush & fill point to be installed
separately in the return pipe below the pump station.
Expansion & Cooling Vessels.
In closed loop systems a suitable sized expansion vessel must be fitted to
maintain pressure in the system as the fluid expands and contracts during
normal operation. The expansion vessel must be sized to allow for vaporisation
of the heat transfer fluid in the event of stagnation. The expansion vessel
pressure should be preset to 15% lower than the calculated system pressure
to enable it to function correctly.
Where an expansion vessel could be affected by high temperature vapour
during stagnation a suitably sized cooling vessel should be placed in series
before the expansion vessel to provide protection to the expansion vessel
membrane.
A direct flow system will almost always require a cooling vessel.
Air & venting.
On large solar thermal systems with multiple banks of collectors, it is often
impractical to fit air vents to each collector bank. If automatic air vents are fitted
to a glycol filled system these must able to be isolated with a valve to prevent
venting of glycol vapour during stagnation events.
Air vents should be manually operated only, automatic vents may be used
during commissioning only and then isolated.
The recommended solution to remove air from the system is to fit a deaerator
or vacuum degasser to the system. On large systems fitted with heat
exchangers it is important to prevent dirt entering the heat exchanger that
could potentially block the flow channels and reduce the heat transfer
efficiency. A combined deaerator and particle filter is therefore recommended
for these systems.
10. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Safety Valves.
10 A suitable safety pressure relief valve must be installed in the solar circuit. The
safety valve must be appropriately sized for the heat output of the collector
array and must be able to transfer their maximum output (optical output η0 @
1000 W/m2) in accordance with EN 12976 and 12977. Use only safety valves
rated for maximum 6 bar and 120°C, which bear the marking "S" (solar) as part
of the product identification. These safety valves cannot be mounted at the
heat source (the collector). Instead they must be installed in the solar thermal
system return pipe in a flow direction downstream of the check valve. Ensure
that at this point, no temperatures > 120°C can occur.
11. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Solar Loading Module and Fresh Water Modules
11
Unit Sizing:
Solar Loading Modules (SLM):
The Kingspan range of Solar Loading Modules is designed to enable the
efficient production of large volumes of hygienic hot water from thermal stores
and assist with the stratification of hot water in large volume storage.
Sizing guide: sized on total collector flow rate (l/min) for primary side
e.g. SL75 = maximum flow rate 75 L/min.
Fresh Water Modules (FWM):
The Kingspan range of Fresh Water Modules is designed to enable the
efficient production of large volumes of hygienic hot water from thermal stores
to point of use.
The size of these units is based on the system peak tapping flow rate for
secondary side of FWM
e.g. FWM 150 = maximum hot water tapping flow rate 150 L/min @ ΔT = 50°C.
Storage sizing for SLM & FWM units:
Large/commercial system sizing guide: allow 55 litres of sanitary water storage
per m2 of collector area.
Preheat Reheat system:
· preheat tank (store half the daily demand)
· reheat tank (store half the daily demand)
SLM / FWM Instantaneous System:
· buffer tanks = store twice (x2) the daily hot water demand
SLM / FWM Semi-Instantaneous System:
· buffer tanks = equal to daily demand
· reheat tank = equal to daily demand
· buffer tanks = 35 litres per m2 collector area (minimum)
Rule: The solar coil surface area must be at least 0.2 – 0.3 m2 per m2 collector
aperture area (Source: VDI 6002 Part 1).
12. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Control system.
12 12
Temperature measurement.
Control of a solar thermal system is usually based on temperature differentials.
Therefore it is important that attention is given to the location and connection of
temperature sensors to ensure accurate readings.
On large collector arrays with multiple banks where one collector temperature
sensor is used for control the sensor should be located as follows:
The accuracy of PT1000 temperature sensors decreases with long cable
lengths. The cable length should be kept to a minimum by locating the sensor
on the closest un-shaded collector bank to the controller. Ensure the correct
extension cable is used (0.75mm2 cross-section for up to 50m or 1.5mm2
cross-section for up to 100m). Any exposed connections must be
weatherproof. Ideally a junction box providing lightning protection should be
used (KEK0017).
Sensors for tanks or heat exchangers must be inserted into a sensor pocket to
ensure accurate measurement of the liquid temperature. Ensure sensors are
firmly held in the pocket and that they cannot be easily pulled out if the cable is
accidentally pulled.
When pipe sensors are clamped to the pipe, the pipe must be clean to ensure
a good thermal contact. Clamp the sensor to the pipe using a method suitable
to withstand the maximum possible temperature at the location.
Alarm connections are available (Volt free contacts) on all controllers to enable
alarm indication on a Building Management System (BMS).
13. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Commissioning.
13
Flushing & Filling.
Solar thermal systems should only be filled when the system is cool. This
means they must be filled in the morning before they become heated by the
sun, in the evening when they have cooled, by covering the collectors to block
the solar radiation or on an overcast day when there is minimal solar radiation.
An exception to this is the HP range of tube collectors, HP200, HP250, HP400
& HP450. With these collectors the manifolds may be installed without the
tubes in place. In this case no solar energy is collected so the pipework will
remain cool. This allows the hydraulic system to be commissioned at any time
without concern of overheating the heat transfer fluid.
Systems which are to operate with a glycol mixture as protection against
frost must NOT be tested for leaks by using water. Instead, air should be
used when pressure testing these circuits.
14. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Appendix 1 - Steam Reach Calculation
14
Example Steam Reach calculation.
The following methodology is based on research by The Fraunhofer Institute for
Solar Energy Systems ISE, Institute for Solar Energy Research
Hameln/Emmerthal (ISFH) and Solar and Thermal Engineering (SWT) Stuttgart.
A planned solar thermal system is to consist of five 30 tube DF100 panels
connected to a 1000ℓ buffer vessel with an internal heat exchanger. The panels
are connected in a single bank with the tubes vertical. The pipework consists of
22mm copper with mineral wool insulation. The length of return pipe from the
pump station to the collector inlet is 32m. The length of flow pipe from the
collector outlet to the pump station is 43m.
The maximum steam reach is calculated using the following formula:
Ps max ´ AC
L s max =
q pipe
Where Lmax = maximum steam reach (m)
Ps max = Maximum steam power factor (W/m2)
AC = Collector array aperture area (m2)
qpipe = heat dissipation factor for pipework (W/m)
Figure 1 below shows values for the Maximum steam Power factor for Kingspan
collectors:
Figure 1
Collector Steam Power factor (W/m2)
FP200V/240V 60
DF100 (tubes horizontal) 50
HP250 100
DF100( tubes vertical) 200
Note: The temperature limitation mechanism employed in the HP200 collectors
means that no vaporisation will occur and so there is no steam power factor for
this collector.
15. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Figure 2 below shows values for the heat dissipation factor for pipework of
various size copper pipes with full insulation. 15
Figure 2
Pipe dimensions Heat dissipation factor (W/m)
12 x 0.6 25
15 x 0.7 25
22 x 0.9 30
28 x 0.9 30
For the example system above, the maximum steam reach in metres is
calculated as:
200 ´ 5 ´ 3 .228
Ls max = = 107.6 m
30
This result shows that steam will penetrate a significant distance into the system.
It can be assumed that the steam will penetrate evenly along both the flow and
return pipes i.e. a distance of 53.8m each side. This is greater than the 32m
length from the pump station to the collector inlet. Therefore, if the expansion
vessel is connected to the pump station it will almost certainly be affected by
high temperature steam. This could damage the membrane in the expansion
vessel.
To protect the expansion vessel membrane in this case a cooling vessel must be
fitted in series with the expansion vessel. The size of cooling vessel required can
be determined by calculating the difference in length between the penetration
length and the actual return pipe length. The required volume of cooling vessel
must be greater than the volume of this length of pipe. Therefore:
Difference in length = 53.8 – 32 = 21.8m
Volume of pipe (m3) = 21.8 x π x (0.0202)2 / 4 = 0.00698 m3
Therefore the cooling vessel required must have a volume larger than 6.98 ℓ.
The surface of cooling vessels can become extremely hot. Contact
prevention measures may be needed.
16. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Appendix 2 - Pump Sizing Calculation
16
Example - a planned solar thermal system is to consist of five 30 tube HP200
panels, connected to a 1500 ℓ buffer vessel with an internal heat exchanger.
Step 1: Calculate the required system flow rate.
A 30 tube HP200 panel absorber area = 3m2
Total absorber area = 5 x 3m2 = 15m2
System flow rate @ 40 ℓ/m2/hr = 15 x 40 ℓ/m2/hr = 600 litre/hr
Flow rate per minute = 10 ℓ/min
Step 2: Calculate the required pipe diameter.
To maintain a flow velocity of less than 1 m/s at a flow rate of 10 ℓ/min the
internal pipe diameter must be greater than:
Therefore if copper pipe is used the solar circuit will require 22mm copper pipe.
Step 3: Calculate the pressure loss in the pipework.
From Table 1 the pressure loss in 22mm copper pipe at 10.8 ℓ/min is 1.90
mbar per meter length. Therefore if the pipework length is 40m (flow and
return) then the total pressure loss in the pipework can be calculated as:
ΔPp = 40 x 1.90 = 76 mbar.
To account for elbows, adapters, valves etc these can be equated to an
equivalent length of additional pipe. Table 2 shows values for various fittings.
In this example system, we have 8 minimum radius bends and 4 compression
elbow joints. The fitting pressure loss is:
ΔPf = (8 x 0.41) x 1.9 + (4 x 1.00) x 1.9 = 13.8 mbar
If the pressure drop data is not available, allow at least 20% for pressure drops
across bends, valves and pipework.
17. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Step 4: Calculate the pressure loss in the collector array.
The pressure loss across 1 HP200 30 tube panel at 10 ℓ/min is given by:
17
ΔP = 0.917 x (10)2 + 0.708 x 10 = 98.78 mbar
The pressure loss across the collector array is the sum of the pressure loss
across each panel in the array.
ΔPc = 5 x 98.78 = 493.9 mbar
Step 5: Calculate the pressure loss in the tank heat exchanger.
The pressure loss for coil heat exchangers is usually found in the
manufacturer’s data. In this example the coil heat exchanger in the 1500ℓ
buffer vessel at 10 ℓ/min flow rate is as follows:
ΔPhex = 80 mbar
Step 6: Calculate the total pressure loss in system.
ΔPtotal = ΔPp + ΔPf + ΔPc + ΔPhex = 663.7 mbar
Step 7: Select the correct pump station and pump.
The presence of the pump station will add an additional pressure loss to the
system that must also be considered. The pump curves and pressure loss of
the KSP0025 and KSP0033 pump stations are shown below. At 10 ℓ/min flow
rate both stations have a pressure loss of approximately 2.5 mbar (0.25 kPa).
The total pressure loss in the system would now be 666.2 mbar.
From the pump curves for the KSP0025 the pump head at 10 ℓ/min is
approximately 520 mbar. This is lower than the 666.2 mbar that was calculated
as being required to overcome the pressure losses in the system. Therefore,
the KSP0025 station would not be suitable.
For this system the KSP0033 station should be selected. At the flow of 10 ℓ/min
the pump head is approximately 720 mbar. This is sufficiently larger than the
required value of 666.2 mbar to allow a reasonable margin for error.
18. Commercial Solar Sizing & Installation Guidelines
Table 1 - Pipe Pressure Loss Table
18
Pressure loss & Pipe Diameter for Copper pipe (EN 1057)
Pressure loss per meter pipe (mbar/m)
(Note: blue text indicates velocity range of 0.4 - 1 m/s)
Flow rate Pipe Diameter x Wall Thickness (mm)
L/min 10 x 0.6 12 x 0.6 15 x 0.7 22 x 0.9 28 x 0.9
1.5 3.2 1.2 0.4 0.1
1.8 4.4 1.7 0.6 0.1
2.1 5.8 2 0.7 0.1
2.4 7.2 2.5 0.9 0.1
2.7 8.9 3.2 1.1 0.2 0.1
3 10.8 3.9 1.4 0.2 0.1
3.6 14.8 5.5 1.8 0.3 0.1
4.2 19.2 7.2 2.4 0.4 0.1
4.8 24.7 9.2 3 0.5 0.1
5.4 11 3.7 0.6 0.2
6 13.4 4.4 0.7 0.2
7.2 18.3 6.1 0.9 0.3
8.4 8 1.3 0.4
9.6 10.2 1.6 0.5
10.8 12.5 1.9 0.6
12 15.2 2.3 0.7
15 3.4 1
18 4.7 1.4
21 6.2 1.8
24 7.9 2.3
30 3.4
36 4.7
42 6.2
20. environmentally friendly paper
This brochure is printed on
06/04/2012 12:10:58 37
Kingspan Renewables Limited
180 Gilford Road, Portadown, Northern Ireland,
BT63 5LF, United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 28 3836 4500 Fax: +44 (0) 28 3836 4501
E-mail: info@kingspansolar.com
www.kingspansolar.com
Due to our continuing policy of development and improvement we reserve the right to alter and amend the specification as shown in this