There are two main types of companies - statutory companies which are created by a special act of the legislature, and registered companies which are formed under the Companies Act of 1956. Registered companies can be either companies limited by shares, where liability is limited to the face value of shares, or companies limited by guarantee, where liability is limited to a fixed contribution amount. Unlimited companies do not have any limited liability. Companies can also be private, with restrictions on share transfers and member numbers, or public, which do not have such restrictions. A holding company controls another company, while a subsidiary is controlled by another. Government companies have majority state ownership, while non-government companies are privately controlled. Foreign companies have a place of business in India

2. COMPANIES
Incorporated
Statutory
Companies Registered
Companies
Existing
Companies
Newly Formed
Companies
Companies
limited by
shares
Companies
limited by
guarantee
Unlimited
companies
Private Co. And Public
Companies

3. 1. Statutory Companies – Companies created
by a special act of the legislature. These
are mostly concerned with public utilities.
Reserve Bank of India, LIC, GIC, Railways,
Tramways, NHAI.
2. Registered Companies – Which are formed
& registered under the companies act,
1956. BHEL, SAIL, GAIL, BEML, ONGC, OIL
and RNRL.

4. 1. Companies with limited liability:
(A). Companies limited by shares.
The liability of the members limited only
up to face value of the share. It may be
public or a private company.
(B). Companies limited by guarantee – Liability
of the member is limited to a fixed amount
which the member undertake to contribute
to the assets of company in the event of
winding up.

5. 2. Unlimited companies – Section 12 specifically
provides that any 7 or more persons ( 2 or more in
case of a private company ) may form an
incorporated company, without limited liability. In
case of such a company, every member is liable for
the debts of the company.

6. 1. Private Company :
 A company which has a minimum paid up
capital of Rs. 1,00,000 or higher paid up
capital as may be prescribed, and by its
Articles-(prohibits any invitation to public)
 A) restricts the right to transfer its shares, if
any. This restriction is meant to preserve the
private feature of the company.
 Limits the members to 2-50.
 Donot accept deposits accept from members,
also no subscription from members

7. 2. Public Company- means a company which
(a) Is not a private company and members 7-
unlimited
(b) Has min paid up capital of Rs. 5,00,000.
(c) It may be :-
 Listed public company
 Unlisted public company
 Diff between both
 When does pvt co becomes public and vice versa

8. 1. Holding company :- a company is holding
of another company if it has control over
that other company.
2. Subsidiary :- a company is known as
subsidiary of another when the control is
exercised by latter. I.e. controlling BOD,
majority of shares, subsidiary of another
subsidiary

9. 1. Govt. company:- it means any company in
which not less than 51% of paid up capital
is held by central, state or partly by
central & partly by state.
Rules- appointment of auditor and audit
reports to comptroller, also annual report
to parliament
2. Non- govt. company:- it is controlled &
operated by private capital

10.  It means any company incorporated outside
India which has established its place of
business in India , where a minimum of 50%
of the paid up share capital( equity or
Preference) /Mix is held by one or more
citizens of India or one or more body
corporates incorporated in India.

11.  This is the company in which one man holds
practically the whole of the share capital of
the company & in order to meet the
statutory requirements of min members,
some dummy members who are mostly his
relations or friends hold just 1 or 2 shares
each.
 E.g- A private company is registered with a
share capital of Rs 5,00,000 divided into 5000
shares of 100 each. Of these shares 4999
shares are held by A and one share is held by
A’s Wife, B. This is a one man Company.

12. THANK YOU