Agile methodologies are principles and practices in project management and software development that emphasize flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. Key methodologies include Scrum, Kanban, Extreme Programming (XP), Lean Software Development, Feature-Driven Development (FDD), Crystal, Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM), Disciplined Agile Delivery (DAD), and Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), each with distinct practices and focuses. Agile is adaptable, allowing teams to customize methods to fit their specific projects and often utilizing hybrid approaches.

1. Key Agile Methodologies
Agile methodologies are a set of principles and practices used in project management and
software development to promote flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. There
are several key Agile methodologies, each with its own approach and specific practices. Here
are some of the most popular Agile methodologies:
1. Scrum:
 Scrum is one of the most widely used Agile methodologies.
 It emphasizes teamwork, accountability, and iterative progress.
 Scrum teams work in fixed time intervals called sprints (usually 2-4 weeks).
 Roles include Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Development Team.
 Scrum uses artifacts like the Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and the Increment.
2. Kanban:
 Kanban is a visual workflow management system.
 It focuses on continuous delivery and minimizing work in progress (WIP).
 Teams use a Kanban board to visualize tasks and their progress through various stages.
 Unlike Scrum, Kanban doesn't have fixed time intervals or specific roles.
3. Extreme Programming (XP):
 XP is a methodology that emphasizes technical excellence and customer involvement.
 It includes practices like test-driven development (TDD), pair programming, and
continuous integration.
 XP aims to deliver high-quality software quickly and respond to changing requirements.
4. Lean Software Development:
 Lean principles come from manufacturing and focus on minimizing waste.
 In Lean software development, the goal is to deliver value with the least possible waste.
 Concepts like value stream mapping and limiting work in progress are often used.
5. Feature-Driven Development (FDD):

2.  FDD is a methodology that is more focused on design and feature delivery.
 It divides the development process into discrete, well-defined feature sets.
 FDD often uses modeling techniques and has specific roles for chief programmers and
feature teams.
6. Crystal:
 Crystal is a family of methodologies developed by Alistair Cockburn.
 It tailors Agile practices to the specific characteristics of a project.
 Different "colors" of Crystal methodologies are used based on project size and criticality.
7. Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM):
 DSDM is an Agile framework that is more comprehensive and covers the entire project
lifecycle.
 It includes principles, roles, and specific practices for delivering software projects in a
time-boxed manner.
8. Disciplined Agile Delivery (DAD):
 DAD is an Agile process framework that takes a pragmatic, context-based approach.
 It integrates various Agile and lean approaches into a comprehensive delivery
framework.
 DAD provides guidance on roles, lifecycles, and strategies for scaling Agile to large
enterprises.
9. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe):
 SAFe is an Agile framework designed for large organizations.
 It provides a structure for scaling Agile practices across multiple teams and
departments.
 SAFe includes roles, ceremonies, and artifacts that help manage large-scale Agile
initiatives.
These are some of the key Agile methodologies, but it's important to note that Agile is not a
one-size-fits-all approach. Teams often tailor Agile practices to suit their specific needs and the
nature of their projects. Additionally, hybrid approaches that combine elements from multiple
Agile methodologies are also common.