Dokumen tersebut memberikan soal-soal tentang perinatologi dan jawabannya. Soal pertama membahas tentang ikterus fisiologis pada neonatus yang merupakan hiperbilirubinemia tidak terkonjugasi yang lebih sering terjadi pada bayi prematur. Soal kedua membahas tentang diagnosa untuk bayi lahir dengan berat 2000 gram pada usia kehamilan 39 minggu dengan riwayat demam ibu dan pecahnya ketuban dini yang didiagnosis mengalami N
Kami melakukan observasi pembuatan sup buah di restoran Waroenk Nenek. Proses pembuatannya meliputi potong buah-buahan seperti semangka dan pepaya, susun di gelas, tuang sirup melon dan air, tabur selasih, tambah es serut sebelum disajikan. Rasanya manis dan penampilannya menarik. Harga sup buah Rp17.500,00 per gelas.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan soal-soal tentang perinatologi dan jawabannya. Soal pertama membahas tentang ikterus fisiologis pada neonatus yang merupakan hiperbilirubinemia tidak terkonjugasi yang lebih sering terjadi pada bayi prematur. Soal kedua membahas tentang diagnosa untuk bayi lahir dengan berat 2000 gram pada usia kehamilan 39 minggu dengan riwayat demam ibu dan pecahnya ketuban dini yang didiagnosis mengalami N
Kami melakukan observasi pembuatan sup buah di restoran Waroenk Nenek. Proses pembuatannya meliputi potong buah-buahan seperti semangka dan pepaya, susun di gelas, tuang sirup melon dan air, tabur selasih, tambah es serut sebelum disajikan. Rasanya manis dan penampilannya menarik. Harga sup buah Rp17.500,00 per gelas.
The document discusses acute and late complications of diabetes mellitus. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), insulin shock, and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma. Late complications involve damage to organs over time and include retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Treatment of diabetic nephropathy focuses on blood pressure control using ACE inhibitors or ARBs to slow disease progression.
Toilet training pada balita perlu dilakukan dengan hati-hati agar tidak menimbulkan infeksi saluran kemih. Orang tua disarankan memberikan cukup cairan untuk mencegah sembelit, menghindari iritan pada toilet, serta mengganti celana dalam basah segera. Toilet training membutuhkan kesabaran karena bervariasi antar anak, namun perlu dilakukan sebelum usia 3 tahun untuk mengontrol kandung kemih.
This document describes a case of chronic kidney disease in a 21-year old man. Over 5 years, his serum creatinine level gradually increased from 0.5 mg/dL to 1.81 mg/dL, indicating progressive loss of kidney function. He was treated with steroids and immunosuppressants but continued to experience relapses of nephrotic syndrome. On his latest examination, lab tests showed further kidney dysfunction with a serum creatinine of 1.29 mg/dL. Despite refusing dialysis, he died shortly after from complications of his kidney disease. The document outlines factors related to managing chronic kidney disease, including monitoring for anemia, acidosis, mineral abnormalities, and nutrition.
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical condition characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hypercholesterolemia. It is caused by increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries. NS can be primary, from diseases of the glomerulus itself, or secondary, caused by diseases elsewhere that affect the glomerulus. The main causes of secondary NS are systemic lupus erythematosus, Schonlein-Henoch purpura, sickle cell disease, syphilis, and malaria. Treatment involves rest, a low-sodium diet, and steroid therapy such as prednisone to reduce proteinuria and edema. Congenital NS is resistant
Power point oke rina ramayani aki definitionMba Rina SpA
This document discusses acute kidney injury (AKI), including its definition, biomarkers, criteria for diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, and prognosis. It notes that the definition of AKI is evolving, especially for pediatric patients, and that serum creatinine is an imperfect biomarker. Commonly used criteria for diagnosis including RIFLE, pRIFLE, and KDIGO are presented. The etiology and pathophysiology of pre-renal, renal, and post-renal AKI are described. Outcomes range from complete recovery in 65% of pediatric patients to end stage renal disease in 5%, with prognosis depending on underlying causes. Survivors of AKI may require long-term monitoring.
This document provides a table comparing different glucocorticoids including their approximate equivalent dose in milligrams of hydrocortisone, their biological half-life in hours, and whether they are considered short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. Short-acting glucocorticoids like cortisone and hydrocortisone have half-lives of 8-12 hours while intermediate-acting drugs such as methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone and triamcinolone have half-lives of 18-36 hours. Long-acting glucocorticoids betamethasone and dexamethasone have the longest half-lives of 36-54 hours.
This document provides a table comparing different glucocorticoids including their approximate equivalent dose in milligrams of hydrocortisone, their biological half-life in hours, and whether they are considered short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. Short-acting glucocorticoids like cortisone and hydrocortisone have half-lives of 8-12 hours while intermediate-acting drugs such as methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone and triamcinolone have half-lives of 18-36 hours. Long-acting glucocorticoids betamethasone and dexamethasone have the longest half-lives of 36-54 hours.
Renal tuberculosis can be difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms. A 7-year-old boy presented with recurrent fever, weight loss, and pain in his right kidney for 3 months. Tests showed anemia, leukocytosis, pyuria but no bacteria in his urine. Imaging revealed an irregular mass in his right kidney suspected to be angiomyolipoma. A right radical nephrectomy found granulomas characteristic of tuberculosis. The patient was treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and recovered well after one year of treatment, highlighting the importance of considering renal tuberculosis even in the absence of bacteriuria when pyuria is present.
The document discusses acute and late complications of diabetes mellitus. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), insulin shock, and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma. Late complications involve damage to organs over time and include retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Treatment of diabetic nephropathy focuses on blood pressure control using ACE inhibitors or ARBs to slow disease progression.
Toilet training pada balita perlu dilakukan dengan hati-hati agar tidak menimbulkan infeksi saluran kemih. Orang tua disarankan memberikan cukup cairan untuk mencegah sembelit, menghindari iritan pada toilet, serta mengganti celana dalam basah segera. Toilet training membutuhkan kesabaran karena bervariasi antar anak, namun perlu dilakukan sebelum usia 3 tahun untuk mengontrol kandung kemih.
This document describes a case of chronic kidney disease in a 21-year old man. Over 5 years, his serum creatinine level gradually increased from 0.5 mg/dL to 1.81 mg/dL, indicating progressive loss of kidney function. He was treated with steroids and immunosuppressants but continued to experience relapses of nephrotic syndrome. On his latest examination, lab tests showed further kidney dysfunction with a serum creatinine of 1.29 mg/dL. Despite refusing dialysis, he died shortly after from complications of his kidney disease. The document outlines factors related to managing chronic kidney disease, including monitoring for anemia, acidosis, mineral abnormalities, and nutrition.
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical condition characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hypercholesterolemia. It is caused by increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries. NS can be primary, from diseases of the glomerulus itself, or secondary, caused by diseases elsewhere that affect the glomerulus. The main causes of secondary NS are systemic lupus erythematosus, Schonlein-Henoch purpura, sickle cell disease, syphilis, and malaria. Treatment involves rest, a low-sodium diet, and steroid therapy such as prednisone to reduce proteinuria and edema. Congenital NS is resistant
Power point oke rina ramayani aki definitionMba Rina SpA
This document discusses acute kidney injury (AKI), including its definition, biomarkers, criteria for diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, and prognosis. It notes that the definition of AKI is evolving, especially for pediatric patients, and that serum creatinine is an imperfect biomarker. Commonly used criteria for diagnosis including RIFLE, pRIFLE, and KDIGO are presented. The etiology and pathophysiology of pre-renal, renal, and post-renal AKI are described. Outcomes range from complete recovery in 65% of pediatric patients to end stage renal disease in 5%, with prognosis depending on underlying causes. Survivors of AKI may require long-term monitoring.
This document provides a table comparing different glucocorticoids including their approximate equivalent dose in milligrams of hydrocortisone, their biological half-life in hours, and whether they are considered short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. Short-acting glucocorticoids like cortisone and hydrocortisone have half-lives of 8-12 hours while intermediate-acting drugs such as methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone and triamcinolone have half-lives of 18-36 hours. Long-acting glucocorticoids betamethasone and dexamethasone have the longest half-lives of 36-54 hours.
This document provides a table comparing different glucocorticoids including their approximate equivalent dose in milligrams of hydrocortisone, their biological half-life in hours, and whether they are considered short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. Short-acting glucocorticoids like cortisone and hydrocortisone have half-lives of 8-12 hours while intermediate-acting drugs such as methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone and triamcinolone have half-lives of 18-36 hours. Long-acting glucocorticoids betamethasone and dexamethasone have the longest half-lives of 36-54 hours.
Renal tuberculosis can be difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms. A 7-year-old boy presented with recurrent fever, weight loss, and pain in his right kidney for 3 months. Tests showed anemia, leukocytosis, pyuria but no bacteria in his urine. Imaging revealed an irregular mass in his right kidney suspected to be angiomyolipoma. A right radical nephrectomy found granulomas characteristic of tuberculosis. The patient was treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and recovered well after one year of treatment, highlighting the importance of considering renal tuberculosis even in the absence of bacteriuria when pyuria is present.