Kalidas and his Literature by Dr. M. R. Kakan

1. MkW- ehjk flag dkdu]
laLd`r foHkkx

2. dkfynkl o R;kaph xzaFklaink
dkfynkl %
dfodqyxq: egkdfo dkfynkl gk laLd`r Hkk’kspk loZJs’B dfo vkgs gh xks’V i`Fohrykoj loZ
fn”kkauk iljysY;k R;kaP;k dhrhZus lokZauk iVowu fnys vkgs- ;k dohaps thoupfj=] xzUFkdr`Ro o le; ;k
frUgh ckcrhar v|kfi vfuf”prrk dk;e vkgs- gk dfo dksBs tUeyk] R;kP;k vkbZofMykaps ukao dk;] dqy
dks.krs] R;kus dks.kR;k jktkP;k lHksr jktdphps in vyad`r dsys ;kcn~ny dohus dkGthiwoZd ekSu
Lohdkjys vkgs- dkfynklkP;k loZ xzUFkkapk ifjJeiwoZd vH;kl d:u ns[khy la”kks/kdkauk R;kP;k
vk;q’;karhy ,]kk|k ?kVuspk uqlrk vizR;{k funZs”k ns[khy vk<Gyk ukgh- vkRexksiu gk R;kpk t.kw ck.kk
gksrk-

3. dkfynklkaph xzUFkla[;k %
dfo dkfynkl gk vR;ar fou;laiUu iq:’k gksrk- Eg.kwu R;kus vkiY;k Lor%fo’k;h dksBsp dkgh
fygwu Bsoys ukgh- R;keqGs brj nq;~;e ntkZP;k dohauk vkiys xzaFk R;kP;k ekFkh ekj.ks tM xsys ukgh-
vkt dkfynklkP;k ukokoj 41 xzUFkkaph ;knh fnlrs- R;kar loZ fo’k; ;srkr- gs loZp xzUFk dfo
dkfynklkus fyfgys vls B: “kd.kkj ukgh- ,dkp ukaokps vusd yksd vlrkr- jkt”ks[kjkyk rho
dkfynkl BkÅd gksrs-
,dkssfi th;rs gUr dkfynklks u dsufpr~ A
“k`axkjs yfyrksn~xkjs dkfynkl=;h fadeq AA
R;keqGs rho dkfynklkauh feGwu 41 xzUFk fygwu Bsoys vl.ks “kD; vkgs-
dfodqyxq: dkfynklkps loZekU; xzUFk &
• _rqlagkj & y?kqdkO;-
• dqekjlaHkoe~ & egkdkO;-
• ekyfodkfXufe=e~ & ukVd-
• fodzeksoZ”kh;e~ & ukVd-
• j?kqoa”ke~ & egkdkO;-
• vfHkKku”kkdqUrye~ & ukVd-
• es?knwre~ & [k.MdkO; -

4. egkdkO;s %
1- dqekjlaHkoe~ &
;k dkfynkld`r egkdkO;kP;k miyC/k izrhrar QDr 17 lxZ vk<Grkr- i.k rs ewG 22 lxkZaps
dkO; vlkos vls dkgh t.kauk okVrs- ;k mYkV dkghaP;k ers ;k dkO;kar izFke vkBp lxZ gksrs o
ekxkgwu dks.kh rjh rs ok<owu lrjk lxkZaps cufoys-
;kdkO;kar nsokauh fo”koikoZrhpk fookg ?kMowu vk.kwu R;kaP;kiklwu tUeysY;k dqekj
dkfrZds;kP;k lsukifrRok[kkyh R;kaP;kdMwup rkjdklqjkpk o/k djfoyk gh dFkk vkyh vkgs-

5. Lk Roa enh;su “kjhjo`fRra nsgsu fuoZrZf;rqa izlhnAA
fnukolkuksRlqdckyoRlka fol`T;rka /ksuqfj;a eg’kZs%AA 2A 45AA
2- j?kqoa”ke~ &
uqlR;k dkfynklkP;kp dk;] Ik.k loZp laLd`r egkdkO;kar j?kqoa”k ifgY;k izrhpas egkdkO;
Bjys vkgs- *ifj.krizK* dohP;k izkS< izfrHkspk gk foykl vkgs- miyC/k j?kqoa”kkP;k izrhar 19 lxZ vkgsr o
R;ke/kwu j?kqdqykarhy 28 jktkaps o.kZu vkys vkgs- fnyhikpk iq= j?kq gk b{okdq oa”kkarhy iz[;kr jktk
gksmu xsyk- R;kP;kp ukaoko:u oa”kkps ukao iMys vkgs-
,dkri=e~ txr% izHkqRoa] uoa o;% dkUrfena oiq”pAA
vYiL; gsrkscgqZ gkrqfePNu~ fopkjew<% izfrHkkfl es Roe~AA 2A 47AA

6. 1- _rqlagkj &
gs y?kqdkO; ;|fi lk{kkr iz.k;dkO; ukgh rFkkfi rs *lqUnjhl* mn~ns”kwu dsysys _rqo.kZu vkgs- ;k
dkO;kar lik lxZ feGWu 144 “yksd vkgsr- ;k lok lxkZar xzh’e] o’kkZ] “kjn] gseUr] f”kf”kj vkf.k olUr
v”kk dzekus _rwaph o.kZus ;srkr- vls _rwaps Lora=i.ks o.kZu ns.kkjk gk ,dp y?kqdkO;xzaFk vkgs-
nzqek% liq’ik% lfyya lin~e~a fL=;% ldkek% opu% lqxfU/k% k
lq[kk% iznks’kk fnolk”p jE;k% loZa fiz;s pk:rja olars kk
Yk?kqdkO;s %

7. 2- es?knwre~ &
dkfynklkps nqljs y/kqdkO; Eg.kts laLd`r lkfgR;kar iz.k;dkO;kpk uohu laiznk; fuekZ.k dj.kkjs
**es?knwr** gs gks;- ;kyk xhrdkO; Eg.krkr fdaok fojgxhr vlsgh Eg.krkr- ;k dkO;kps xaHkhj o e/kqj
o`RRk fo’k;kyk vR;ar iks”kd vkgs( dkO;kar dkfynklkph dkO;”kSyh ifjiDo fLFkrhro izfrHkk ijeksPp
fcUnwl iksgkspyh vkgs- dkO;kyk izek.kc/n gksbZy vls ygkuls dFkkud vkgs- dks.;k ,dk ;{kkl
dqcsjkP;k “kkikus ,d o”kZi;Zar Lor%P;k L=hiklwu nej jkefxjhoj jgkos ykxys( “kkikpk vof/k ,dp o”kZ
fVd.kkjk gksrk( ijarq fojgh euq’;kl rksgh vYikof/k vlº; okVwu R;kus ,dk es?kkal lans”k nsowu vkiY;k
iRuhdMs vydsr ikBfoys( es?k gk vpsru inkFkZ rks lans”k elk iksgkspfo.kkj gk iz”u doh iq<s lq/nk
mHk jkfgyk o R;kus
**dkekrkZ fg izd`frd`i.kkPksrukpsrus’kq**
vls lkaxwu vkiyh vMp.kharwu lqVdk d:u ?ksryh-

8. 1- ekyfodkfXufe=e~ &
;kar dzekuqlkj izLrqr ukVd ifgys vkgs- orZekudos% dkfynklL;]
Ikqjk.kfeR;so u lk/kq loaZ
Uk pkfi dkO;a uofeR;o|e~ A
lUr% ijh{;kU;rjn~HktUrs
ew<% ijizR;;us;cqf/n%
bR;kfn mYys[kkao:u Hkk’kk] jpuk oxSjsaP;k rqyuso:u gap dkfynklkps ifgys ukVd vkgs] gs fufoZokn
vkgs- ;k ukVdkps dFkkud “kqaxoa”kkcn~ny vlwu ;kar R;k oa”kkcn~ny cjhp ekfgrh ;srs- R;keqGs
,sfrgkfld n`’Vhus ;k ukVdkl Qkj egRRo vkgs-
ukVds %
dkfynklkph rhu ukVds izfl/n vkgsr- 1- ekyfodkfXufe=e~
2- fodzeksoZ”kh;e~ o 3- vfHkKku “kkdqrye~

9. 2- fodzeksoZ”kh;e~ &
gs ikp vadh *=ksVd* vkgs- oLrqjpukdkS”kY;] dkO;”kfDr] dYidrk] fdz;k”kkhyrk ;k ckcrhr gs
ukVd *ekyfodkfXufe=kk* uarjps Bjrs- rFkkfi ;kgh ukVdkar dkfynklkph izd’kZxr ukV~;fuiq.krk
vk<Gr ukgh- dkj.k ;k ukVdkP;k 2&3 vadkar dkgh ?kVuk ukghp o pkSFkk vad Eg.kts foizyaHko.kZukps
dkO; vkgs- ukV~;oLrq iq:jok o moZ”kh ;kaph iz.k;dFkk vkgs- R;keqGs “k`axkjifjiks’k gs ukVddjkphs /;s;
vkgs-
;kae/khy dkO; lokZar vizfre vkgs-
moZ”khP;k lkSan;kZckcrhr vkysys dkO; &
vL;k& lxZfo/kS iztkifrjHkwr~ pUnzks uq dkfUrizn%A
“k`axkjSdjl% Lo;a uq enuks eklks uq iq’ikdj%AA
osnkH;kltM% dFka uq fo’k;O;ko`RrdkSrwgyks A
fuekZrqa izHkosUeuksgjfena :ia iqjk.ks eqfu% AAxra Hk;a Hkh: lqjkfjlaHkoa
f=yksdj{kh efgek fg oftz.k% A
rnsrnqUehy; p{kqjk;ra
fu”kkolkus ufyuho iadte~AA
vuqokn & nsojkt banzkaP;k ijkdzekeqGs vkrk frUgh yksdkar jk{klkaps Hk; jkfgys ukgh- Eg.kwup T;kizdkjs
izkr%dkGh deGkps >kkM deG Qqyfors R;kpizdkjs vki.klq/nk us=s m?kMwu MksGli.ks c?kk;yk gos-

11. 3- vfHkKku”kkdqUrye~&
dkfynklkP;k ukVdkar dogs rj laiw.kZ laLd`r lkfgR;kar gs ukVd Eg.kts ew/kZU; xzaFk vkgs &
**dkO;s’kq ukVda jE;a r= jE;k “kdqUrykA**
vlk ;k ukVdkfo’k;h Hkkjrh; ijaijspk fu.kZ vkgs- ;k funksZ’k lokZaxlqUnk ukVdkoj dkfynklkph
cjhp”kh dhfrZ voyacwu vkgs- oLrqxzFkupkrq;Z] LoHkkoifjiks’k] Hkk’ksps lkS’Bo oxSjs loZp xq.kkar dkfynklkus
;k ukVdkar ijeksPp fcanq xkByk vkgs- Eg.kwup ,rn~ns”kh; o ijs”kh; iafMrkauh R;kph ,deq[kh iz”kalk
dsyh vkgs- lokZar fo”ks’k Eg.kts Hkkjrh; laLd`rhP;k fo”kky ik”oZHkwehoj gs ukVd dohus jaxfoys vkgs-

12. /kU;okn!