The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and access to medicines in Thailand. It describes Thailand's patent laws and three cases where consumer movements fought for more affordable access to drugs. The cases involved revoking a patent for the drug ddI, opposing a patent application for the drug combination AZT+3TC, and issuing compulsory licenses for the drugs efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir, and clopidogrel. The document argues that compulsory licenses do not significantly impact patent holders' existing commercial markets and examines the price reductions that resulted from license issuances and negotiations.
Our presentation for Pharma Sector.
Problem statement: You are Pfizer and your major blockbuster drug, Lipitor ($12 bn in sales in 2008, ~20% of your total revenue), is going off-patent in 2011. A decline in the sales of Lipitor is inevitable and you are looking to make a major move into emerging economies where growth in pharma sales is the highest. How would you go about doing this?
Ligand presented an overview of their business model, asset portfolio, and growth potential. They have over 60 partnered drug programs in development and their revenue is expected to grow substantially from $30M in 2012 to a potential $150M in 2015 from milestone payments, royalties on drugs such as Promacta and Kyprolis, and Captisol material sales. Promacta is highlighted as a potential blockbuster drug for thrombocytopenia, with sales possibly reaching $4B annually and generating $200M annually in royalties for Ligand.
CorMedix Inc. (AMEX:CRMD) is a pharmaceutical company that seeks to in-license, develop and commercialize therapeutic products for the treatment of cardiac and kidney (cardiorenal) disease.
Inpro discloses ingredients in their products as required by the Health Product Declaration Collaborative. Their Health Product Declarations provide a summary page listing potential hazards of chemicals according to the GreenScreen system, as well as VOC content and certifications. Inpro focuses on sourcing materials locally like polymers from the US to decrease the carbon footprint, and works with suppliers to ensure safety standards are met for employees and end users across the product lifecycle. Product transparency is important to guide Inpro's sustainability journey.
In our web 2.0 world, the business landscape has changed. Consumers refuse to be interrupted anymore - demanding that brands engage with them.
People do business with people they like, know, and trust. By utilizing the social media tools available to all of us, businesses can become human. By creating valuable content and engaging with customers where they are, businesses are creating real relationships, resulting in real trust.
This presentation offers a high-level overview to where we've been, where we are, and we're we are going in social media. It gives simple-to-follow steps to start implementing social media into a business. It's not comprehensive, but can help a business take that first step.
Content developed by Jon Thomas and M80 (m80im.com). Presentation designed by Jon Thomas at Presentation Advisors (www.presentationadvisors.com).
This document summarizes a presentation on Thailand's policy on compulsory licensing of patented medicines. It discusses how compulsory licensing works, the pharmaceutical business model and costs of drug development. It then analyzes Thailand's policy and whether it complies with international trade agreements. The presentation raises concerns that the policy was not implemented properly, questions the motive and legitimacy of the government's actions, and warns that such policies could discourage future pharmaceutical research and investment.
This document analyzes the legal and moral aspects of product and process patenting in the pharmaceutical industry. It discusses how patents allow pharmaceutical companies to monopolize drugs, preventing competition from generic drugs. While patents incentivize innovation, they can also limit access to life-saving drugs in developing countries where people cannot afford high drug prices. The TRIPS agreement established universal patent standards but had both positive and negative impacts on innovation and access to healthcare globally.
An introductory overview of drug regulation in the biotch industry. Provides and intro to cGMP, FDA Inspections and Logistics and Drug Regulation History in the U.S.
Our presentation for Pharma Sector.
Problem statement: You are Pfizer and your major blockbuster drug, Lipitor ($12 bn in sales in 2008, ~20% of your total revenue), is going off-patent in 2011. A decline in the sales of Lipitor is inevitable and you are looking to make a major move into emerging economies where growth in pharma sales is the highest. How would you go about doing this?
Ligand presented an overview of their business model, asset portfolio, and growth potential. They have over 60 partnered drug programs in development and their revenue is expected to grow substantially from $30M in 2012 to a potential $150M in 2015 from milestone payments, royalties on drugs such as Promacta and Kyprolis, and Captisol material sales. Promacta is highlighted as a potential blockbuster drug for thrombocytopenia, with sales possibly reaching $4B annually and generating $200M annually in royalties for Ligand.
CorMedix Inc. (AMEX:CRMD) is a pharmaceutical company that seeks to in-license, develop and commercialize therapeutic products for the treatment of cardiac and kidney (cardiorenal) disease.
Inpro discloses ingredients in their products as required by the Health Product Declaration Collaborative. Their Health Product Declarations provide a summary page listing potential hazards of chemicals according to the GreenScreen system, as well as VOC content and certifications. Inpro focuses on sourcing materials locally like polymers from the US to decrease the carbon footprint, and works with suppliers to ensure safety standards are met for employees and end users across the product lifecycle. Product transparency is important to guide Inpro's sustainability journey.
In our web 2.0 world, the business landscape has changed. Consumers refuse to be interrupted anymore - demanding that brands engage with them.
People do business with people they like, know, and trust. By utilizing the social media tools available to all of us, businesses can become human. By creating valuable content and engaging with customers where they are, businesses are creating real relationships, resulting in real trust.
This presentation offers a high-level overview to where we've been, where we are, and we're we are going in social media. It gives simple-to-follow steps to start implementing social media into a business. It's not comprehensive, but can help a business take that first step.
Content developed by Jon Thomas and M80 (m80im.com). Presentation designed by Jon Thomas at Presentation Advisors (www.presentationadvisors.com).
This document summarizes a presentation on Thailand's policy on compulsory licensing of patented medicines. It discusses how compulsory licensing works, the pharmaceutical business model and costs of drug development. It then analyzes Thailand's policy and whether it complies with international trade agreements. The presentation raises concerns that the policy was not implemented properly, questions the motive and legitimacy of the government's actions, and warns that such policies could discourage future pharmaceutical research and investment.
This document analyzes the legal and moral aspects of product and process patenting in the pharmaceutical industry. It discusses how patents allow pharmaceutical companies to monopolize drugs, preventing competition from generic drugs. While patents incentivize innovation, they can also limit access to life-saving drugs in developing countries where people cannot afford high drug prices. The TRIPS agreement established universal patent standards but had both positive and negative impacts on innovation and access to healthcare globally.
An introductory overview of drug regulation in the biotch industry. Provides and intro to cGMP, FDA Inspections and Logistics and Drug Regulation History in the U.S.
Economic Aspects & Enforcement of IP_Dr Mandar Kodgule_19th Dec 2013_WKMandar Kodgule
This document contains an agenda and presentation slides about economic aspects and enforcement of intellectual property in the pharmaceutical industry. The presentation covers topics such as innovation trends in pharma, the role of acquisitions on IP, changing business models, IP licensing trends, and legal challenges in IP enforcement in both the US and EU. It also discusses litigation facts regarding patent lawsuits in the US pharmaceutical industry and provides an overview of the Indian scenario regarding patents.
Inhaler Devices For Cannabinoids Controlled Delivery Cannatech 2018Philippe Rogueda
Let's talk about inhaled and intranasal devices for
cannabinoid delivery: I will debunk quacks, bring
in science and see what works and what does not.
No prisoners will be taken. Technology will either
stand scrutiny or be lampooned.
Hi
I am Rahul Ranjan Rai, perusing MBA from Jaypee Business School and I have completed this Project under the supervision of Pro. Evan Costle (france). I hope this presentation will help you to understand the emerging concepts in Generic Industry
Thank you
Regards
Rahul
Penelope Chan prepared this case under the supervision of Prof.docxdanhaley45372
This document summarizes a case study about Pfizer's battle to protect its intellectual property rights for Viagra in China. It provides background on China's pharmaceutical market and regulations regarding patent and trademark protection. It describes how Pfizer was granted a Viagra patent in China in 2001, but it was invalidated by local companies in 2004. Pfizer engaged in legal battles over its Viagra trademark and 3D trademark, winning some cases but losing others.
The document discusses various aspects of drug patents including definitions, requirements, strategies, advantages and disadvantages. It defines a patent as a property right granted to an inventor that allows them to exclude others from making or selling their invention for a limited time in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention. Key requirements for a patent include novelty, inventive step, industrial applicability and sufficiency of disclosure. The document also discusses the role of patents in incentivizing drug development and issues around access to medicines, including evergreening and TRIPS waivers.
Surviving in an unhealthy world: TRIPS-Plus World.
Presented by Mohammad El Said, Professor of International Trade and Intellectual Property Law at the Lancashire Law School.
The document discusses various aspects of drug patents including definitions, requirements, processes, strategies, impacts and issues. Some key points:
- A patent grants an inventor exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time (usually 20 years) in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention. It does not permit marketing the product which requires separate regulatory approval.
- To be patentable, an invention must be novel, involve an inventive step, and be industrially applicable. Strategies to extend patents include new formulations, uses and combinations.
- The TRIPS agreement harmonized intellectual property standards globally but some argue this restricts access to medicines in developing countries. The WTO recently approved a waiver allowing least developed countries
Trius Therapeutics presented on their best-in-class anti-infectives portfolio. They highlighted the success of their 112 trial which achieved all efficacy and safety objectives for their lead drug candidate Tedizolid phosphate. Their 113 trial is currently enrolling patients with top-line data expected in early 2013. Market research also indicates formulary acceptance of Tedizolid for core indications if priced at parity or with a premium compared to Zyvox.
The document summarizes a study on environmental marketing claims made by consumer products. Some key findings include:
- Over 98% of products surveyed in North America committed at least one of the previously identified "Sins of Greenwashing".
- A new seventh sin emerged - the "Sin of Worshiping False Labels", where some marketers exploit consumer demand for third-party certification with fake labels or false suggestions of third-party endorsement.
- Legitimate eco-labeling is increasing, present on 23% of products compared to 14% in a previous study.
- Products making the most environmental claims and being most at risk of greenwashing are toys/baby products, cosmetics
The document discusses various forms of intellectual property protection including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. Patents provide the strongest protection by giving owners the right to stop others from using their invention, but require public disclosure of how to practice the invention. Copyright and trademark protection have more limited scopes. Trade secrets do not require disclosure but can be lost if the secret becomes public. The document provides examples of intellectual property issues that commonly arise for biotech inventions and businesses.
This document provides an overview of biosimilars. It discusses that biosimilars are similar versions of biologic drugs that are set to lose patent protection. This presents both opportunities to make cheaper biologics to increase access, as well as regulatory challenges to demonstrate similarity. The global biosimilars market is growing, driven by both developed and emerging markets. India is emerging as a key player, with companies developing biosimilars for both domestic and export markets. However, hurdles remain around establishing clear regulatory pathways and demonstrating similarity to reference biologics.
This document provides an overview of a technology being developed by researchers at Johns Hopkins University to non-invasively monitor oxygen levels in the fetal brain. It discusses the technology, intellectual property strategy, market analysis, costs, milestones, and recommendations for commercializing the device. Key points include filing a provisional patent, developing a compact prototype, conducting clinical trials, filing international patents, and licensing the technology at 5-15% of sales to generate revenue and fund further research and development.
2nd Pharmaceutical Anti Counterfeiting Americas (2011) PpPiyush Patel
This document provides information about the "2nd Pharmaceutical Anti-counterfeiting Americas" conference taking place on November 14-15, 2011 in Boston, USA. The conference will discuss combating counterfeit medicines and feature speakers from pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies. Attendees will learn about US policy updates, technologies for tracking pharmaceuticals, and best practices for supply chain integrity. Posters can be submitted by academic institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and service providers to share research results. The conference is aimed at professionals working in pharmaceutical supply chain security, anti-counterfeiting, brand protection, and related fields.
The document discusses how intellectual property rights and trade policies can impact access to medicines in developing countries. It summarizes key issues including how patents extend drug company monopolies and raise drug prices, the flexibilities in international trade agreements like TRIPS that aim to promote access to generics, and ways powerful countries like the US have attempted to undermine these public health safeguards through additional trade agreements and political pressure on other nations.
This document discusses GW Pharmaceuticals' intellectual property portfolio for medical cannabis. It notes that GW Pharma has 60 patent families covering plants, extracts, extraction technology, formulations, drug delivery, therapeutic uses of cannabinoids, plant variety rights, and trade secrets. It also discusses integrating different types of intellectual property protections, including utility patents, design patents, trademarks, plant breeders' rights, and trade secrets to effectively develop an IP toolbox for medical cannabis.
johnson & johnson Q4 2008 Investor Relations Business Overview finance4
This document contains a safe harbor statement for Johnson & Johnson noting that the press release contains forward-looking statements subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. It also provides a list of specific risks and uncertainties the company faces and directs readers to further information in the company's annual report. The statement does not guarantee the company's financial performance but aims to fairly advise investors and analysts of known risks.
Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to HealthSHUBHAM SINGH
A presentation on "Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to Health" by Jasvir Kaur after having a research paper on 'Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to Health' from Sardar Patel University of Police, Security & Criminal Justice, Jodhpur.
Gino Martini, EIPG President
Presentation at Malta Qualified Persons Association-European Industrial Pharmacists Group-University of Malta joint seminar “The Successes And Challenges Of Today’s Pharmaceutical Industry”, Malta 2008.
While many drugs can reduce suffering and extend lives, drug promotion can also be harmful. The pharmaceutical industry uses various promotional strategies to maximize drug usage, but this can lead to inappropriate prescribing, overmedicalization of normal human conditions, and risks to patient safety. There are also conflicts of interest when drug companies fund disease awareness campaigns and medical research. More independent voices are needed to provide objective information about medicines and diseases.
This document discusses sources on sustainable consumption and youth, defines sustainable consumption, and provides reasons for targeting young people in promoting sustainable consumption. It notes that young people represent a large portion of total consumption and have substantial purchasing power. While young Australians have high environmental concern, various barriers like a lack of control over consumption choices prevent translation of concern into sustainable actions. Developing "action competence" through education programs can help overcome these barriers and enable young people to act as agents of change.
Economic Aspects & Enforcement of IP_Dr Mandar Kodgule_19th Dec 2013_WKMandar Kodgule
This document contains an agenda and presentation slides about economic aspects and enforcement of intellectual property in the pharmaceutical industry. The presentation covers topics such as innovation trends in pharma, the role of acquisitions on IP, changing business models, IP licensing trends, and legal challenges in IP enforcement in both the US and EU. It also discusses litigation facts regarding patent lawsuits in the US pharmaceutical industry and provides an overview of the Indian scenario regarding patents.
Inhaler Devices For Cannabinoids Controlled Delivery Cannatech 2018Philippe Rogueda
Let's talk about inhaled and intranasal devices for
cannabinoid delivery: I will debunk quacks, bring
in science and see what works and what does not.
No prisoners will be taken. Technology will either
stand scrutiny or be lampooned.
Hi
I am Rahul Ranjan Rai, perusing MBA from Jaypee Business School and I have completed this Project under the supervision of Pro. Evan Costle (france). I hope this presentation will help you to understand the emerging concepts in Generic Industry
Thank you
Regards
Rahul
Penelope Chan prepared this case under the supervision of Prof.docxdanhaley45372
This document summarizes a case study about Pfizer's battle to protect its intellectual property rights for Viagra in China. It provides background on China's pharmaceutical market and regulations regarding patent and trademark protection. It describes how Pfizer was granted a Viagra patent in China in 2001, but it was invalidated by local companies in 2004. Pfizer engaged in legal battles over its Viagra trademark and 3D trademark, winning some cases but losing others.
The document discusses various aspects of drug patents including definitions, requirements, strategies, advantages and disadvantages. It defines a patent as a property right granted to an inventor that allows them to exclude others from making or selling their invention for a limited time in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention. Key requirements for a patent include novelty, inventive step, industrial applicability and sufficiency of disclosure. The document also discusses the role of patents in incentivizing drug development and issues around access to medicines, including evergreening and TRIPS waivers.
Surviving in an unhealthy world: TRIPS-Plus World.
Presented by Mohammad El Said, Professor of International Trade and Intellectual Property Law at the Lancashire Law School.
The document discusses various aspects of drug patents including definitions, requirements, processes, strategies, impacts and issues. Some key points:
- A patent grants an inventor exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time (usually 20 years) in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention. It does not permit marketing the product which requires separate regulatory approval.
- To be patentable, an invention must be novel, involve an inventive step, and be industrially applicable. Strategies to extend patents include new formulations, uses and combinations.
- The TRIPS agreement harmonized intellectual property standards globally but some argue this restricts access to medicines in developing countries. The WTO recently approved a waiver allowing least developed countries
Trius Therapeutics presented on their best-in-class anti-infectives portfolio. They highlighted the success of their 112 trial which achieved all efficacy and safety objectives for their lead drug candidate Tedizolid phosphate. Their 113 trial is currently enrolling patients with top-line data expected in early 2013. Market research also indicates formulary acceptance of Tedizolid for core indications if priced at parity or with a premium compared to Zyvox.
The document summarizes a study on environmental marketing claims made by consumer products. Some key findings include:
- Over 98% of products surveyed in North America committed at least one of the previously identified "Sins of Greenwashing".
- A new seventh sin emerged - the "Sin of Worshiping False Labels", where some marketers exploit consumer demand for third-party certification with fake labels or false suggestions of third-party endorsement.
- Legitimate eco-labeling is increasing, present on 23% of products compared to 14% in a previous study.
- Products making the most environmental claims and being most at risk of greenwashing are toys/baby products, cosmetics
The document discusses various forms of intellectual property protection including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. Patents provide the strongest protection by giving owners the right to stop others from using their invention, but require public disclosure of how to practice the invention. Copyright and trademark protection have more limited scopes. Trade secrets do not require disclosure but can be lost if the secret becomes public. The document provides examples of intellectual property issues that commonly arise for biotech inventions and businesses.
This document provides an overview of biosimilars. It discusses that biosimilars are similar versions of biologic drugs that are set to lose patent protection. This presents both opportunities to make cheaper biologics to increase access, as well as regulatory challenges to demonstrate similarity. The global biosimilars market is growing, driven by both developed and emerging markets. India is emerging as a key player, with companies developing biosimilars for both domestic and export markets. However, hurdles remain around establishing clear regulatory pathways and demonstrating similarity to reference biologics.
This document provides an overview of a technology being developed by researchers at Johns Hopkins University to non-invasively monitor oxygen levels in the fetal brain. It discusses the technology, intellectual property strategy, market analysis, costs, milestones, and recommendations for commercializing the device. Key points include filing a provisional patent, developing a compact prototype, conducting clinical trials, filing international patents, and licensing the technology at 5-15% of sales to generate revenue and fund further research and development.
2nd Pharmaceutical Anti Counterfeiting Americas (2011) PpPiyush Patel
This document provides information about the "2nd Pharmaceutical Anti-counterfeiting Americas" conference taking place on November 14-15, 2011 in Boston, USA. The conference will discuss combating counterfeit medicines and feature speakers from pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies. Attendees will learn about US policy updates, technologies for tracking pharmaceuticals, and best practices for supply chain integrity. Posters can be submitted by academic institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and service providers to share research results. The conference is aimed at professionals working in pharmaceutical supply chain security, anti-counterfeiting, brand protection, and related fields.
The document discusses how intellectual property rights and trade policies can impact access to medicines in developing countries. It summarizes key issues including how patents extend drug company monopolies and raise drug prices, the flexibilities in international trade agreements like TRIPS that aim to promote access to generics, and ways powerful countries like the US have attempted to undermine these public health safeguards through additional trade agreements and political pressure on other nations.
This document discusses GW Pharmaceuticals' intellectual property portfolio for medical cannabis. It notes that GW Pharma has 60 patent families covering plants, extracts, extraction technology, formulations, drug delivery, therapeutic uses of cannabinoids, plant variety rights, and trade secrets. It also discusses integrating different types of intellectual property protections, including utility patents, design patents, trademarks, plant breeders' rights, and trade secrets to effectively develop an IP toolbox for medical cannabis.
johnson & johnson Q4 2008 Investor Relations Business Overview finance4
This document contains a safe harbor statement for Johnson & Johnson noting that the press release contains forward-looking statements subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. It also provides a list of specific risks and uncertainties the company faces and directs readers to further information in the company's annual report. The statement does not guarantee the company's financial performance but aims to fairly advise investors and analysts of known risks.
Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to HealthSHUBHAM SINGH
A presentation on "Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to Health" by Jasvir Kaur after having a research paper on 'Intellectual Property Rights with Special Reference to Health' from Sardar Patel University of Police, Security & Criminal Justice, Jodhpur.
Gino Martini, EIPG President
Presentation at Malta Qualified Persons Association-European Industrial Pharmacists Group-University of Malta joint seminar “The Successes And Challenges Of Today’s Pharmaceutical Industry”, Malta 2008.
While many drugs can reduce suffering and extend lives, drug promotion can also be harmful. The pharmaceutical industry uses various promotional strategies to maximize drug usage, but this can lead to inappropriate prescribing, overmedicalization of normal human conditions, and risks to patient safety. There are also conflicts of interest when drug companies fund disease awareness campaigns and medical research. More independent voices are needed to provide objective information about medicines and diseases.
This document discusses sources on sustainable consumption and youth, defines sustainable consumption, and provides reasons for targeting young people in promoting sustainable consumption. It notes that young people represent a large portion of total consumption and have substantial purchasing power. While young Australians have high environmental concern, various barriers like a lack of control over consumption choices prevent translation of concern into sustainable actions. Developing "action competence" through education programs can help overcome these barriers and enable young people to act as agents of change.
The document outlines the challenges and accomplishments of Egypt's Consumer Protection Agency (CPA). It discusses establishing consumer education programs, handling consumer complaints, coordinating with government authorities, and forming partnerships with consumer organizations. However, many consumer organizations lack resources and capacity. The CPA aims to develop these organizations through training, funding, and establishing relationships between local and central organizations using a bottom-up approach. This will help empower consumer organizations and improve consumer protection in Egypt.
The document outlines the challenges and accomplishments of Egypt's Consumer Protection Agency (CPA). It discusses establishing consumer education programs, handling consumer complaints, coordinating with government authorities, and forming partnerships with consumer organizations. However, many consumer organizations lack resources and capacity. The CPA aims to develop these organizations through training, funding, and establishing relationships between local and central organizations using a bottom-up approach. This will help empower consumer organizations and improve consumer protection in Egypt.
ISO's 2007-2010 Action Plan for consumer participation in standardization had three main objectives: 1) Promoting and facilitating involvement of consumer interests in standardization; 2) Identifying and monitoring priority areas; and 3) Raising awareness and increasing capacity for consumer participation. Some key actions included developing an online website and guidance document, promoting existing guides, and funding collective projects like training and workshops. The plan was consistent with ISO's strategy and code of ethics and aimed to give consumers a stronger voice in the standardization process.
ACCC Pacific Consumers Consultation Case Study (2)Gordon Renouf
This document summarizes a case study on consultation regarding Pacific consumers and credit in New Zealand. It discusses setting the context and identifying issues through consultation with affected communities. Actions taken include piloting a TrueCost campaign and consumer clinics, undertaking a training needs analysis, and ongoing involvement of a Pacific Island reference group. It notes that issues around consumers and credit are broader than just consumer issues. Looking ahead, it aims for continued community and business engagement and a whole of government approach to identify local, regional, and national solutions.
ACCC Consultation And Consumer Representation (2) (2)Gordon Renouf
The document discusses lessons learned from engaging community groups and consumers in government policymaking in New Zealand. It describes strategies used, including building relationships with community advisory groups to share consumer issues information and providing training and support to consumer representatives. Key lessons are that effective engagement requires understanding partners' goals, building trust over time, and developing the capabilities of both community groups and consumer representatives rather than fostering dependence.
Food Fringe CAG India Marketing To ChildrenGordon Renouf
Bharath Jairaj discusses CAG initiatives to improve food marketing and the food sold in schools in India - a focus on how to engage parents and communities.
ACCC Ci Consumer Group 29 Oct Connie LauGordon Renouf
The Hong Kong Consumer Council (HKCC) is an independent statutory body that protects and promotes consumer interests in Hong Kong. It receives and examines consumer complaints, provides advice to the government and businesses, and conducts independent research on consumer issues. The HKCC has been successful in influencing government policy and legislation around issues like banking rates and general competition laws. The HKCC empowers consumers through information gathered from product testing, industry research, and competition studies, which it shares with the government, businesses, and consumers. It works cooperatively with the government on consumer education and issues like food safety and bank branch closures.
The National Children's and Youth Law Centre is dedicated to addressing human rights issues for children based on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CROC). CROC established that children have the same human rights as others as well as special rights due to their vulnerability. More than 190 countries have ratified CROC, making it the most widely supported UN human rights instrument. The Centre seeks to provide legal advice and information to children through its website LawStuff.org.au and email service LawMail, which receive millions of hits and thousands of responses each year on common issues like parental separation, leaving home, and unfair treatment in school.
- Childhood obesity rates in Australia are high, around 20-25% of children are overweight or obese, and energy consumption has increased.
- Most food advertisements during programs watched by children are for unhealthy foods high in energy but low in nutrients. Various marketing techniques target children online and through packaging as well.
- The current co-regulation system in Australia involves government bodies setting standards and codes that the food industry is meant to comply with voluntarily. However, these codes do not adequately restrict all forms of marketing to children.
The document discusses consumer safety issues related to household insecticides in Fiji. It notes that a 2007 survey found household pesticides were readily available but imported from countries like Australia, India, and China. The document calls on companies to take responsibility for the impacts of their activities by behaving ethically in countries with poor regulations, not pushing banned pesticides, and providing consumers with proper instructions and information to make informed choices about health and safety.
The document summarizes the results of a survey on consumer attitudes and practices regarding household insecticides in 12 Asian countries. It found that consumers primarily purchase insecticides based on convenience and do not always safely store or dispose of unused products. Additionally, the market survey found that some insecticide products contain endocrine disrupting chemicals but do not clearly label ingredients or adequately instruct users on safe usage and storage. The report recommends prohibiting endocrine disrupting chemicals in insecticides and establishing standardized labeling requirements with clear safety warnings.
The document discusses ensuring safety of household insecticides from a corporate social responsibility perspective. It outlines various roles and responsibilities of traders including proper registration, packaging, labeling, transport, storage, usage instructions, disposal guidelines, and post-sale services. It also discusses the need for collaboration between governments, consumer bodies, and individual consumers to improve safety through public awareness campaigns, monitoring, and exploring non-chemical pest control methods.
1) The document discusses responsible consumption as both a niche trend and an increasing trend among consumers globally.
2) Data from surveys of 25,000 consumers in 25 countries shows that more consumers are paying attention to corporate responsibility and "voting with their dollars" based on company behavior.
3) The trend of consumers punishing irresponsible companies and rewarding responsible ones is growing and expected to continue, creating an important role for organizations like Consumers International that can hold companies accountable.
This document discusses competition and consumer policy from the perspective of consumer interests. It argues that consumers drive competition through exercising informed choice, which leads to a more vigorous, competitive economy. However, it notes that market failures, information asymmetries, and behavioral biases can sometimes negatively impact consumer decision-making and outcomes. The document then explores some of the insights from behavioral economics, such as how heuristics and framing can influence decisions in ways that may not be in consumers' best interests. It advocates using behavioral tools and well-designed defaults to empower consumers and improve market outcomes.
Human exposure to household pesticides can have safety concerns due to potential endocrine disrupting effects. Many pesticides are endocrine disrupters that can mimic or block hormones and disrupt development. Studies show effects from household pesticides like permethrin and chlorpyrifos on neurodevelopment and cancer risk. Organic diets have been shown to significantly lower children's exposure to organophosphate pesticides compared to conventional diets.
The document discusses several challenges facing consumers in the current globalized world. It notes that governments have lost power and are dominated by economic interests over societal concerns. Corporations have also changed radically, with increased concentration and less competition. Mass advertising is affecting lifestyles and values. Most food advertisements targeted at children promote junk food. Many millions of children are exploited as cheap labor. Consumer movements face barriers in fighting for consumer rights and becoming more effective and influential globally. Efforts are being made to introduce new issues, campaign globally, and empower consumer organizations, but more still needs to be done.
1) The document discusses practices and ethics of budget counseling in Canada by a federation of 11 consumer groups and 10 cooperative associations for family economics.
2) It outlines Canada's situation regarding household debt, including high debt-to-income ratios, low savings rates, and rising insolvency issues.
3) Different services for those in debt are described, including credit counseling, trustees, and non-profit organizations like ACEF that take a social work approach emphasizing co-responsibility between consumers and creditors.
Beyond the mountains, a tour in Nepal reveals a vibrant tapestry of cultural heritage. The Kathmandu Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, boasts an array of ancient temples, stupas, and palaces. Durbar Squares in Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan are treasure troves of medieval art and architecture.
How To Change Your Name On American Airlines Aadvantage.pptxedqour001namechange
American Airlines permits passengers to change/correct names on their AAdvantage account. Also, you can request a name change both online via a web portal and offline over the phone. For further information on how to change your name on American Airlines Advantage, get in touch with the airline’s customer service. Also, you can reach out to a consolidation desk at +1-866-738-0741 for quick assistance.
Discovering Egypt A Step-by-Step Guide to Planning Your Trip.pptImperial Egypt
Travelling to Egypt is like stepping into a time capsule where the past and present coexist, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and stunning landscapes.
See more: https://imperialegypt.com/tour-packages/
bangalore metro routes, stations, timingsnarinav14
Bangalore Metro, also known as Namma Metro, is a rapid transit system serving the city of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is the second longest operational metro network in India after the Delhi Metro.
How do I plan a Kilimanjaro Climb?
Planning to climb Mount Kilimanjaro is an exciting yet detailed process. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you prepare for this incredible adventure.
Un viaje a Buenos Aires y sus alrededoresJudy Hochberg
A travelogue of my recent trip to Argentina, most to Buenos Aires, but including excursion to Iguazú waterfalls, Tigre, and Colonia del Sacramento in Uruguay
Prepare for cold weather rafting with proper gear: layering for warmth, insulated headgear, gloves, waterproof footwear, and essential accessories like sunglasses and sunscreen. Prioritize safety with a life jacket and maintain gear for optimal performance. Stay warm, dry, and ready for adventure on the rapids!
Explore Architectural Wonders and Vibrant Culture With Naples ToursNaples Tours
Discover the historical gems and vivid culture of Naples with our guided tours. From the vivid narrow streets of Spaccanapoli to the ancient ruins of Pompeii, the city offers a mixed bag of adventurous experiences. Book your tickets today https://www.naples.tours/ and experience the best of Naples!
What Outdoor Adventures Await Young Adults in Montreal's Surrounding NatureSpade & Palacio Tours
Experience Montreal's vibrant culture and thrilling outdoor adventures. From hiking scenic trails at Mont-Saint-Bruno to kayaking the Saint Lawrence River, there's something for every adventurous young adult. Explore street art, camp under the stars, and immerse yourself in nature's beauty just beyond the city's bustling streets.
You can easily change/correct a name on your flight ticket under the American Airlines name change policy. The airline provides multiple online and offline modes to place a name change request. To learn more about how to change a name on American Airlines ticket, you can directly approach the airline’s customer support. Moreover, you can connect with a flight expert at +1-866-738-0741 for quick assistance.
The Ultimate Travel Guide to Hawaii Island Hopping in 2024adventuressabifn
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Our excursions in tahiti offer stunning lagoon tours, vibrant marine life encounters, and cultural experiences. We ensure unforgettable adventures amidst breathtaking landscapes and serene waters. For more information, mail us at tracey@uniquetahiti.com.
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Jiraporn Limpananont - Ip Event
1. IPR &
Access to Medicines in Thailand
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont
Foundation For Consumers (FFC)
Drug Study Group (DSG)
FTA Watch
Social Pharmacy Research Unit, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University.
1
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University
2. Scope: IPR & Access to Medicines
IPR Protection: Patent Act
Raise up the innovation?
High price, un-affordable
Impact on the Generic Drug Manufacturing: destroy the
local generic drug manufacturer
FTA and Trade Pressure: TRIPs Plus on IPR for drugs
3 Cases of consumers’ movement for Access to
Drugs”
Revocation: ddI case
Pre-grant opposition: combid case
CL implementation
2
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
3. Impact on Generics Industry
R&D on NEW DRUGS
R&D on RAW MATERIALS
R&D on DRUG FORMULATION
A+B
X+Y
FINISHED
ACTIVE
PRODUCTS
INGREDIENTS
Other materials
PROCESS PATENT
PRODUCT PATENT
3
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
4. IPR PROTECTION IN THAILAND
Time Line
•Drug Process Patent
2522(1979)
•15 years patent life
Patent Act:
•Drug Product Patent
2528(1985)
•20 years patent life
USTR:
•Group of pharmacists
•Drug Product Patent
2535(1992) and friends
•20 years patent life
Patent Act: •Cary on research
•Drug Patent Committee
•Advocacy
2538(1995) •TRIPs •People Mobilization
WTO:
2542(1999) •Abolish Drug Patent Committee
Patent Act:
FTA Coming •DATA EXCLUSIVITY
soon?: •Limit CL implementation
•Extension of Exclusity Period
4
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
5. Event on the 6th
round of Thai-US
FTA negotiation
Chiamgmai, Thailand
Jan. 2005
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
6. Case 1: Revocation of ddI patent
ddI was invented by US NIH, licensed to BMS, and
not allowed to be patented in developing countries,
BMS did not patent ddI in Thailand but patented
ddI formulation
ddI formulation is not new, no inventive step, but it
was patented
The price is very high
6
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
7. Two ways of solving this problem
Issue the CL since 2000
Result: no CL was issued
Revoke the Patent
Result: BMS negotiated to end the case in the court by
voluntary withdrew this patent
7
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
8. TPN+ Camp asking for CL on ddI patent
8
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
9. Case 2: Pre-grant opposition of combid
Case:
GSK filed for the formulation of AZT 300 mg + 3TC 150 mg
AZT and 3TC were not patented in Thailand
They were already used, not new and no inventive step
The cheap generic version was sold
If it was patented then GSK can monopolize the market, the price
will be very high
Civil Society Movement to
Make opposition to this application
Result:
The process took more than 5 years
Finally GSK withdrew this patent application
Strategies:
Put pressure on the unethical practice of GSK
Mass media campaign and demonstration
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
11. Case 3: CL of Government Use
2 ARVs:
Efavirenz commercially known as Stocrin, of MSD (on 29
November 2006)
Lopinavir/Ritonavir commercially known as Kaletra,
made by Abbott (on 24 January 2007)
1 Heart disease drug
Clopidogrel commercially known as Plavix, made by
Sanofi-Aventis (on 25 January 2007)
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
12. Diagram to demonstrate that the Government Use of patent does not
affect much on the existing market size of patented products
% of population at each income level
62 million Thais
Social Welfare = 48.5 million
Social Security = 8.5 mil.
Civil Servant Medical
Benefit Scheme = 5 mil. Income
Low High
Out of
People paid by public budget with no or
pocket
limited access to patented drugs – payment –
“New market for drugs from “Existing
market for high
Government Use” price patented
“Public non-commercial use” drugs”
“Commercial
use”
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
13. TRIPS flexibilities
Permission
Non Public use: Prior negotiation Royalty
Terms of use
Voluntary licensing
Compulsory licensing
Public Use: No need for prior negotiation
Royalty
National emergency
Terms of use
Extreme urgency
Public non-commercial use
(TRIPS 31(b): DOHA; Thai patent act section
46-52)
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
14. After negotiation for 1.5 Yr After CL Announcement
MSD
MSD
- Efavirenz – 1723 to 1401 Baht
- Efavirenz – Now is 770 Baht/Bottle
(~18.7% reduction in Baht
(~ 45% price reduction)
because of the Baht appreciation:
no reduction in terms of USD)
Abbott
Abbott - Strong reaction - 9 Dossier withdrew
- Kaletra – 17548 to 6000 Baht (including Kaletra film-coated tab)
(~66% reduction in Baht or - Kaletra – no WHO pre-qualified pdts
~57% reduction in USD) available (expected to be available in film-
coated tab form in the next few months)
Roche
Roche - Saquinavir has no patent in Thailand,
- Saquinavir – 4852.66 to 4601 but GPO is in the process of production
Baht (~5% reduction in Baht or development.
~15% increase in USD) - Less used in National Health Program
BMS
BMS - Atazanavir (2nd line that can replace
- Atazanavir – No price reduction Lopinavir) – will be negotiated for price
reduction and/or CL
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
15. Reaction from USTR and Abbott
Under Section 301, USTR put Thailand on the PWL
Abbott withdrew all applications to register its new
drugs in Thailand
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
16. Reaction from Civil Society: boycott Abbott
16
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
17. Demonstration
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
18. Worldwide Boycott Abbott’s Products
18
Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand
19. Conclusion
Patent in the field of pharmaceuticals:
Market driven R&D not Public Health Need driven R&D
No drugs for the treatment of the Poor's diseases
Patented drugs are un-affordable for the Poors
What should we do for access to medicines ?
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Dr. Jiraporn Limpananont, Chair, Foundation For Consumers, Thailand