1. The document discusses the history of Israel from the conquest of Canaan under Joshua to the Babylonian exile and return. It covers the period of Judges, the rise of the monarchy under Saul and David, the division of Israel into two kingdoms, and the prophets like Elijah, Isaiah and Jeremiah. 2. During the Babylonian exile, Jewish exiles gathered in synagogues to study and pray together without the Temple. The suffering servant songs in Second Isaiah foreshadow Jesus Christ. 3. After returning to Judea, Judaism focused on faithfully keeping the Law as they awaited the Messiah, who was born as Jesus Christ during the rule of King Herod