The document presents a presentation by Generative Software GmbH aimed at Java developers, focusing on the Internet of Things (IoT). It covers topics such as IoT architecture, the role of gateways, and a live demonstration of a smart greenhouse project using various technologies including Eclipse IoT and MQTT. The presentation also details the requirements and implementation steps for the smart greenhouse, illustrating the integration of sensors, actuators, and data processing frameworks.

1. Generative Software GmbH
Java User Group Freiburg
5. März 2018
Internet of Things für Java-Entwickler
1

2. Agenda
 What is IoT?
 IoT Gateway with Eclipse IoT
 The Story of the Smart Greenhouse
 Live-Demo of the Smart Greenhouse
 The Architecture of an IoT Gateway
2Generative Software GmbH

3. What is IoT?
3Generative Software GmbH

4. Goals of IoT Solutions
 Transparency – what is going on?
 Traceability – what was going on?
 Prediction – what will be going on?
 Emergency – what is badly wrong?
 Optimization – what to do to improve processes?
 Agility – what intervention makes sense?
 Automation – what can be done by machines?
4Generative Software GmbH

5. Sensor Categories
5Generative Software GmbH
Gateway, Server, Cloud
Passive
Active – Always On
Active – Wake Up
Gateway, Server, Cloud
Gateway, Server, Cloud
Microprocessor

6. Where to use Sensor Data
6Generative Software GmbH
Time Frame On Device (Edge) On Stream (Fog) In Batch (Cloud)
Hours to Weeks In Database
Strategic Insight
Machine Learning
Minutes to Hours In Process
Performance Insights
Summary Statistics
Seconds to Minutes Operational Insight
Rules Engine
Microseconds to Seconds Signal Processing
IoT Gateway

7. Protocols
7Generative Software GmbH
HTTP CoAP AMQP XMPP MQTT
Architecture Request/Response Request/Response Point-to-Point
Publish/Subscribe
Request/Response
Publish/Subscribe
Publish/Subscribe
Representation Text, Binary Binary Binary Text Binary
Transport TCP UDP TCP TCP TCP
Security (Transp.) TLS DTLS TLS TLS TLS
Discovery No Yes No No No
Scope Device-to-Cloud Device-to-Device Device-to-Cloud
Cloud-to-Device
Device-to-Cloud
Cloud-to-Device
Device-to-Cloud
Cloud-to-Device
Suitable for
Constr. Devices
Possibly Yes Possibly Possibly Yes
Server Updates Pull Pull, Push Push Push Push

8. Networks
8Generative Software GmbH
Data Unit OSI Layer Examples
Host/Service
Layers
Data Application HTTP, FTP, ‚IoT Protocols‘ Peer-to-Peer
Protocols
Presentation TLS, SSL
Session NetBIOS
Segment/Datagram Transport TCP, UDP
Network
Protocols
Device/Media
Layers
Packet/Datagram Network IP, ARP, ICMP, IPSec
Frame Data Link Ethernet, ATM, PPP
Bit Physical Ethernet, WiFi, USB, Bluetooth, SPI, I2C

9. Eclipse IoT
9Generative Software GmbH
 Working Group
– Members: 39 (Mar 2018), RedHat, SAP, Intel, Bosch, Canonical,
Cloudera, DB Systel, Huawei, IBM, Siemens, Sierra Wireless, …
– Community: IoT Testbeds, Youtube, Meetups, Whitepapers,
Surveys, Conferences, Open IoT Challenge …
 Technology
– Eclipse Projects: Paho, Kura, Californium, Mosquitto, Vorto, Milo,
Kapua, Hono, HawkBit, …
– Standards: CoAP, MQTT, OPC UA, OMA LWM2M, …
– Programming Languages: Java, C, C++, Python, …

10. OSGi
10Generative Software GmbH
 Originally: Open Services Gateway initiative
 Today: OSGi Alliance (defines APIs and Test Cases)
 Open, modular and scalable „Service Delivery Platform“
 Java-based
 Well-known Open Source Frameworks:
– Knoplerfish
– Eclipse Equinox
– Apache Felix
– Concierge
 Modularization with so-called „Bundles“
 Visibility of Java Packages
 Semantic Versioning of Java Packages
 (Declarative) Services

11. Smart, Smarter, …
11Generative Software GmbH

12. Requirements for the IoT Greenhouse
 Show all Sensor Values on a Display
 Control Plant Lamp depending on Luminocity
 Control Water Pump depending on Soil Humidity
 Control Heating depending on Air Temperature
 Switch on a Buzzer when Gas Sensor detects Gas
 Send Sensor Data to a Server and store it there
12Generative Software GmbH

13. Buy an IKEA Mini Greenhouse …
13Generative Software GmbH

14. … assemble it …
14Generative Software GmbH

15. … fill it with Hardware …
15Generative Software GmbH

16. … add Software to it …
16Generative Software GmbH

17. … connect it with a Network …
17Generative Software GmbH

18. … and ready is the Smart Greenhouse

19. Software Stack
Eclipse IoT
 Kura (IoT Gateway Software, Java+OSGi)
 Mosquitto (MQTT Broker)
 Paho (MQTT Client)
 Californium (CoAP)
Jakarta EE
 JAX-RS
 JAXB
 JSF
 Servlets
 EJB
 JPA
19Generative Software GmbH

20. The Smart Greenhouse - Details
20Generative Software GmbH
IoT Gateway (Raspberry Pi 2)
Kura, Paho, Californium
IoT Server
Paho, Californium
Glassfish 4.1
Java EE
Network Connection
Sensors
MQTT Broker
Mosquitto
Actuator „LED Strip“
Hose to Actuator „Pump“
LCD Display

21. What shall the IoT Solution do?
1. Read Sensors with the Kura IoT Gateway
2. Execute Business Logic with the Kura IoT Gateway
3. Send Sensor Data to Mosquitto with Paho (MQTT)
4. Collect Sensor Data with Paho and Servlets
5. Persist Sensor Data by Means of a REST API (JAX-RS, EJB, JPA)
6. Display Sensor Data by Means of a JSF Web App (uses same REST-API)
7. Control Actuators with a JSF Web App and Californium (CoAP)
8. Execute Business Logic on a Server with Paho and EJBs
21Generative Software GmbH

22. Live Demo!
22Generative Software GmbH

23. MQTT
(Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
23Generative Software GmbH
Message
Broker
Publisher Subscriber
publish to …
client-id/app-id/temperature
subscribe to …
client-id/app-id/temperature
1 2
SubscriberPublisher

24. MQTT
24Generative Software GmbH
 [account-name]/[client-id]/[app-id]/[resource-id]
 Subscription Wildcards
# … e.g. client-id/app-id/#
client-id/app-id/temperature
client-id/app-id/plant/light
client-id/app-id/plant/moisture
+ … e.g. client-id/app-id/+/light
client-id/app-id/plant/light
 Do not subscribe to # (all messages)

25. CoAP
(Constrained Application Protocol)
25Generative Software GmbH
CoAP
Server
CoAP
Client
GET request: coap://<CoAP-Host>:5683/temperature
response
GET
PUT
POST
DELETE
1
2
3

26. OSGi Container
Eclipse Kura
Paho
CoAP
OpenJDK I/O
Californium
…
Paho
Publisher
Device Service
Simulation
MQTT
Service Interfaces
Legende
Service-Aufrufe
Data Flow
OSGi Bundle
Simulationsdaten
Sensordaten simulieren
und verschicken
26Generative Software GmbH

27. OSGi Container
Eclipse Kura
Paho
CoAP
OpenJDK I/O
Californium
…
Paho
Publisher
Business Logic
Device Service
Simulation
MQTT
Service Interfaces
Legende
Service-Aufrufe
Data Flow
OSGi Bundle
Simulationsdaten
Gateway-Logik
simulieren
27Generative Software GmbH

28. Device Access with Java
 OpenJDK Device I/O: GPIO, I2C, UART, SPI
 TinyB: Bluetooth LE
 Pi4J: Object-Oriented API to access I/O
Capabilities of Raspberry Pi
28Generative Software GmbH

29. Kura
Eclipse Kura
Paho
CoAP
OpenJDK I/O
Californium
…
Kura
Data Service
Device Service
MQTT
Service Interfaces
Legende
Service-Aufrufe
Data Flow
OSGi Bundle
Echte Sensordaten
verschicken
29Generative Software GmbH

30. Kura
Eclipse Kura
Paho
CoAP
OpenJDK I/O
Californium
…
Kura
Data Service
Business Logic
Device Service
MQTT
Service Interfaces
Legende
Service-Aufrufe
Data Flow
OSGi Bundle
Gateway-Logik
implementieren
30Generative Software GmbH

31. Tutorials on Github and Bitbucket
31Generative Software GmbH
Eclipse Tutorial: github.com/kartben/kura-greenhouse-demo
Greenhouse Tutorial: bitbucket.org/jenerateit/tutorial-smart-greenhouse
Tutorial IOTDEV-Kurs: bitbucket.org/jenerateit/tutorial-smart-production-monitoring

32. Thank you!
 Summary
 Questions
 Outlook
32Generative Software GmbH
Marcus Munzert
CEO and President
munzert@generative-software.com
Generative Software GmbH
Cornelia-Schlosser-Allee 15
79111 Freiburg
Germany
www.generative-software.de
www.virtual-developer.com