ITU-T and OSI model

1. ITU-T
Recomendações e Normas.
Apresentação das redes do ITU.
Tipos de redes de telecomunicações

2. Órgãos de Padronização
• De Jure
ITU-T: International Telecommunications Union
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
ANSI: American National Standards Institute
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ETSI: European Telecommunication Standard Institute
• De Facto
3GPP
3GPP2
Fórum do Bluetooth
• Exemplo de Padrões de Facto e de Jure
Arquitetura TCP/IP e Modelo de Referência ISO/OSI

3. Estrutura do International
Telecommunication Union (ITU)
http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/União_Internacional_de_Telecomunicações

5. Uma visão Geral dos Órgãos de
Padronização

6. Parceiros Organizacionais e Membros
Individuais
• Parceiros Organizacionais
• ANSI, USA
• TIA, USA
• ARIB, Japan
• TTC, Japan
• Membros Individuais
• Sprint PCS
• Air Touch
• Nortel Networks
• Lucent Technologies
• Motorola
• NSN
• Qualcomm
• NEC
• NTT
• KDD
• Hitachi
• Telefonica
• Oi
• Fujitsu
• Ericsson
• Siemens
• etc.
• TTA, Korea
• CWTS, China
• ANATEL, Brasil

7. Series e Recomendações ITU-T
http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/info/structure.html#I
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITU-T#Series_and_Recommendations
Series Description Technology
A Organization of the work of ITU-T
....
G
Transmission systems and media, digital systems and
networks
Ethernet, MPLS, SDH, Fiber Optical
(WDM), Satellite
H Audiovisual and multimedia systems
I Integrated services digital network ISDN, ATM
...
Q Switching and signalling Frame Relay
...
X Data networks, open system communications and security X.25 , X.75
...
Z
Languages and general software aspects for
telecommunication systems

8. Tipos de Rede
Tecnologia Aplicação/ Sigla Comentário
X.25
TEF (Transferência Eletrônica de Fundos) ,POS
(Point of Sale)
ISDN (RDSI)
Integrated Services Digital Network (Rede
Digital de Serviços Integrados)
Pouca utilização no Brasil
Frame Relay
Rede Antiga de Dados de Baixo
Custo em Desuso
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode Redes 3G (UMTS)
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Rede Atual de
TelecomunicaçõesSDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SONET Synchronous Optical Network Mais utilizado nos USA
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing Futuro das Redes
de
Telecomunicações
Ethernet
MPLS Multiprotocol lLbel Switching

9. 9
MODELO OSI
Application
A (Client)
Application
B (Server)
A Invokes Operation on B
B returns result (or error) to A
Application Application
Provides agreed message semantics
Transport Transport
Opens connections, controls stream flows,
closes connections
Network NetworkPerforms network-wide routing
Data Link Data LinkSupports communication across a single link
Physical PhysicalSupports physical transport of bits

10. Modelo OSI
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/OSI_model

11. Modelo OSI
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model
Data unit Layer Function
Host
layers
Data
7. Application Network process to application
6. Presentation
Data representation,
encryption and decryption,
convert machine dependent
data to machine independent
data
5. Session Interhost communication
Segments 4. Transport
End-to-end connections and
reliability, flow control
Media
layers
Packet/Datagram 3. Network
Path determination and logical
addressing
Frame 2. Data Link Physical addressing
Bit 1. Physical
Media, signal and binary
transmission

12. Modelo OSI
Data unit Layer Function Comments
Data
7. Application
Network process to
application
HTTP, FTP, SMTP
6. Presentation
Data representation,
encryption and decryption,
convert machine dependent
data to machine independent
data
encryption , compression, SSL,
TLS, ASCII, JPEG
5. Session Interhost communication SIP, RTP/RTPC
Segments 4. Transport
End-to-end connections and
reliability, flow control
TCP, UDP, SCTP
Packet/Datagram 3. Network
Path determination and
logical addressing
IPv4, IPv6, IPSec, ROUTER
Frame 2. Data Link Physical addressing
SWITCH, Access Control,
CSMA/CA, CSMA/CD, QoS,
Security, MAC
Bit 1. Physical
Media, signal and binary
transmission
Frequency, Time, Power,
Multiplexação e Modulação
(OFDM, QAM, WDM), DSL, USB,
RJ45 (Ethernet), SFP, Wireless
(IEEE/3GPP)