The document describes various loop and decision making statements in C programming language. It explains the for, while, do-while loops and their syntax and provides simple code examples to illustrate their usage. It also covers if-else, nested if-else, switch decision statements and provides code snippets demonstrating these conditional statements. Finally, it briefly discusses the goto statement in C and provides a sample code using label and goto.
This document discusses functions in C programming. It defines different types of functions like standard library functions, user-defined functions and main function. It explains how functions can be defined in any order and called from any other function. It also provides tips about functions like a C program needs at least one main function, function names should be unique, more function calls means slower execution.
1. The documents describe C programs that implement stacks using arrays, evaluate postfix expressions, convert infix to postfix notation, and check for balanced parentheses.
2. Key aspects include using structures to represent stacks, functions for push, pop, empty, full, and display operations on stacks.
3. The programs demonstrate using stacks to evaluate expressions by pushing operands and applying operators based on precedence.
Perl 5.10 was released in December 2007 and introduced several new features including say, switch/given statements, and improvements to the Perl regular expression engine. It is available in most Linux distributions and via ports for FreeBSD. The document provides details on installing Perl 5.10 and highlights some of its new regular expression and language features.
This document contains an answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics such as:
- Chemical formulas, equations, and calculations involving moles, mass, volume, and percent yield
- Determining limiting reactants
- Distinguishing between scientific laws, theories, elements, compounds, mixtures, and changes of state
- Applying principles such as the law of conservation of mass and rules regarding significant figures
The answer key provides the question number and correct answer for multiple choice and short answer questions.
C++11 introduced many new features including type deduction with auto, uniform initialization syntax, rvalue references and move semantics, improved enums, lambda expressions, and smart pointers. Type deduction with auto lets the compiler deduce the type of a variable based on its initializer. Uniform initialization uses curly braces {} and allows narrowing conversions only if explicitly cast. Rvalue references and move semantics allow moving an object to avoid expensive copies by leaving the source object in a valid but unspecified state.
The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 11 of 196Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document describes an update to Ring's code generator for extensions that improves support for constant types. The update allows constants to be types other than numbers, such as strings and pointers. To use this, code can be added before and after <constant> tags to set the default constant type to C_CONSTANT_TYPE_POINTER and the pointer type to "void *". This would properly handle constants like GLUT font pointers in the RingFreeGLUT extension example provided.
The document discusses the Rust programming language, highlighting its features like concurrency, safety, and package management. It covers Rust's syntax including expressions, attributes, pattern matching and generics. The document also discusses how Rust handles concurrency through tasks and channels to enable safe parallelism and communication between threads.
This document discusses extending the OpenSMT satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver to implement a new theory called "simple order" (SO). It outlines the steps to: 1) Set up files and directories for the new SO solver, 2) Connect the SO solver to OpenSMT, 3) Implement the SO solver by representing constraints as a graph and checking for cycles to determine satisfiability. Key aspects covered include using enodes to represent terms and formulas, implementing adjacency lists and depth-first search to check for cycles in the constraint graph, and computing conflicts by tracking parent edges.
This document discusses functions in C programming. It defines different types of functions like standard library functions, user-defined functions and main function. It explains how functions can be defined in any order and called from any other function. It also provides tips about functions like a C program needs at least one main function, function names should be unique, more function calls means slower execution.
1. The documents describe C programs that implement stacks using arrays, evaluate postfix expressions, convert infix to postfix notation, and check for balanced parentheses.
2. Key aspects include using structures to represent stacks, functions for push, pop, empty, full, and display operations on stacks.
3. The programs demonstrate using stacks to evaluate expressions by pushing operands and applying operators based on precedence.
Perl 5.10 was released in December 2007 and introduced several new features including say, switch/given statements, and improvements to the Perl regular expression engine. It is available in most Linux distributions and via ports for FreeBSD. The document provides details on installing Perl 5.10 and highlights some of its new regular expression and language features.
This document contains an answer key for a chemistry exam covering topics such as:
- Chemical formulas, equations, and calculations involving moles, mass, volume, and percent yield
- Determining limiting reactants
- Distinguishing between scientific laws, theories, elements, compounds, mixtures, and changes of state
- Applying principles such as the law of conservation of mass and rules regarding significant figures
The answer key provides the question number and correct answer for multiple choice and short answer questions.
C++11 introduced many new features including type deduction with auto, uniform initialization syntax, rvalue references and move semantics, improved enums, lambda expressions, and smart pointers. Type deduction with auto lets the compiler deduce the type of a variable based on its initializer. Uniform initialization uses curly braces {} and allows narrowing conversions only if explicitly cast. Rvalue references and move semantics allow moving an object to avoid expensive copies by leaving the source object in a valid but unspecified state.
The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 11 of 196Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document describes an update to Ring's code generator for extensions that improves support for constant types. The update allows constants to be types other than numbers, such as strings and pointers. To use this, code can be added before and after <constant> tags to set the default constant type to C_CONSTANT_TYPE_POINTER and the pointer type to "void *". This would properly handle constants like GLUT font pointers in the RingFreeGLUT extension example provided.
The document discusses the Rust programming language, highlighting its features like concurrency, safety, and package management. It covers Rust's syntax including expressions, attributes, pattern matching and generics. The document also discusses how Rust handles concurrency through tasks and channels to enable safe parallelism and communication between threads.
This document discusses extending the OpenSMT satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver to implement a new theory called "simple order" (SO). It outlines the steps to: 1) Set up files and directories for the new SO solver, 2) Connect the SO solver to OpenSMT, 3) Implement the SO solver by representing constraints as a graph and checking for cycles to determine satisfiability. Key aspects covered include using enodes to represent terms and formulas, implementing adjacency lists and depth-first search to check for cycles in the constraint graph, and computing conflicts by tracking parent edges.
CROCHET - Checkpoint Rollback in JVM (ECOOP 2018)jon_bell
This document describes the Crochet system for enabling efficient checkpointing and rollback in Java virtual machines without requiring modifications to the JVM. Crochet uses bytecode rewriting and lazy heap traversal to track object state during execution. It inserts callbacks into object methods to lazily update proxies after checkpoints and rollbacks. This allows restoring program state without freezing or copying the entire heap. Crochet was found to have significantly lower overhead than alternative checkpointing techniques while still providing dynamic checkpoint and rollback capabilities.
The document summarizes lambda expressions and concurrency APIs in C++. It provides examples of lambda expressions with different capture modes. It also discusses features of concurrency APIs like std::future, std::promise, std::packaged_task and how to use them to asynchronously execute tasks and retrieve/propagate results and exceptions.
This document discusses PHP file includes and requires and how the PHP opcode cache handles them. It covers how PHP resolves include paths, checks if a file has already been included, and validates file timestamps when revalidating paths. It also discusses using the opcode cache status to view cache metrics and how to invalidate files from the cache.
The document discusses new C++11 features including:
1. Uniform initialization syntax using curly braces {} which can initialize objects in a clear and consistent way compared to parentheses () or equals =.
2. Initializer lists and how they allow initializing objects from a list of values. However, initializer lists may prefer certain constructors unintuitively.
3. How uniform initialization helps prevent narrowing conversions and most vexing parse issues that could occur in C++98 code.
Pro typescript.ch03.Object Orientation in TypeScriptSeok-joon Yun
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in TypeScript such as classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and mixins. It provides code examples of implementing interfaces and classes to demonstrate inheritance and composition. Mixins are discussed as a way to reuse behavior across class hierarchies by applying multiple base classes to a derived class using a mixin function. The examples show how to define mixin behaviors as classes and apply them to implementing classes to achieve multiple inheritance in TypeScript.
The document discusses various ways to embed Perl in C and C in Perl. It provides an overview of embedding Perl in C using ExtUtils::Embed, B::C, and XS. It also covers embedding C code in Perl using Inline::C and XS. Finally, it demonstrates examples of calling Perl functions from C code and evaluating Perl code from embedded C programs.
Coroutines in Kotlin provide a way to write asynchronous, non-blocking code while maintaining a synchronous appearance and avoiding callbacks. Coroutines allow suspending functions to yield and resume work, providing an alternative to callbacks for asynchronous operations. The Kotlin standard library provides primitives for coroutines including suspending functions, builders for sequences and streams, and methods for job control and cancellation. While still experimental, coroutines are stable and recommended for use in production code.
The document discusses the Falcon programming language, noting its open source, simple, fast and powerful nature. It highlights features of Falcon like full support for multithreading, support for coroutines, and faster speed compared to Python. Examples are provided of Falcon's syntax for variables, data types, operators, functions, and control flow structures that are similar to other languages like C/C++ and Lua.
Mini project in c++,Institute Management has become common now a days but i hope it helps. Accesscode is "nopassword".
Feel free to make chanes according to your need.This has sound involved as well , make sure to adjust it as well.
This document provides an overview of the Swift programming language. It discusses Swift's history, principles, syntax, tools and practices. The history section notes that Chris Lattner created Swift at Apple in 2010 and that it was influenced by many other languages. The principles section states that Swift is imperative, functional, object-oriented, static, strongly typed and type safe. The document then covers Swift's syntax including basic syntax, functions and closures, data types, and control flows.
Hackintoshrao:codes for GNU/LINUX
ILLUSTRATION OF ORPHAN PROCESS AND ASSIGNMENT OF INIT AS A PARENT TO SUCH A PROCESS
SYSTEM CALLS USED
1.fork()
2.getpid()
3.getppid()
4.sleep()
*/
#include<stdlib>
#include<unistd>
#include<time>
int main()
{
int pid;
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
printf("\nChild process here \n");
printf("\nchild here..Parent id=%d,Process id=%d\n",getppid(),getpid());
sleep(3);
printf("\nChild process here,now its a orphan process,so init is my parent process now \n");
printf("\nchild here...Parent id=%d,Process id=%d\n",getppid(),getpid());
/*its clearly evident in the o/p that the parent process Id of the child process will now be =1,
the init process is made as a parent */
}
else{
sleep(1);
/*since parent process finishes earlier than the child ,the latter becomes a orphan process */
printf("\nparent process here \n");
printf("\nparent process..Process id=%d\n",getpid());
printf("\nparent process Exiting,making the child process a orphan .......\n\n") ;
}
}
The document contains code for an Arduino and Visual Basic program to monitor push buttons and control LEDs. The Arduino code defines pin assignments for 5 push buttons and 4 LEDs. It reads the button states and turns on the corresponding LED pattern. The Visual Basic code connects to the Arduino, reads the button presses, displays the status and direction, and saves the data to an Access database.
The document discusses various ways to optimize PHP performance. It provides examples of optimizing a SwiftMailer implementation by reducing function calls, using built-in array functions like array_merge instead of multiple calls, and iterating over arrays in tight loops. It also discusses how the Zend engine stores and handles values and memory management techniques like using copy-on-write to avoid wasting memory. Other optimization techniques mentioned include using opcode caching, data caching, batch database access, and creating PHP extensions.
This slides describes the basic concepts of industrial-strength compiler design. This includes basic concept of static single-assignment form (SSA) and various optimizations such as dead code elimination, global value numbering, constant propagation, etc. This is intend for a 150 minutes undergraduate compiler class.
The document discusses recursive traversal methods for binary trees, specifically preorder and inorder recursion. It provides examples of recursively traversing a sample binary tree using preorder and inorder methods. For preorder recursion, it traces the recursive calls made at each node, printing the node value before recursing. For inorder recursion, it traces the calls made at each node, recursing the left subtree before printing the node value and then recursing the right subtree. The recursion terminates when a null node is reached.
Practical JavaScript Programming - Session 6/8Wilson Su
JavaScript is one of the most popular skills in today’s job market. It allows you to create both client- and server-side applications quickly and easily. Having a solid understanding of this powerful and versatile language is essential to anyone who uses it.
“Practical JavaScript Programming” does not only focus on best practices, but also introduces the fundamental concepts. This course will take you from JavaScript basics to advanced. You’ll learn about topics like Data Types, Functions, Events, AJAX and more.
This code is used to detect sighs from a patient and send a signal to a mobile device. It reads analog sensor data to calculate a sliding average breath value and compare it to a threshold. When the average exceeds the threshold for a possible sigh, it monitors for the average to drop below a level to confirm the sigh. Upon detection, it sends a signal over a serial connection and lights an LED for one second.
Digital Voltmeter displaying voltage level on a seven segment display and com...Karthik Rathinavel
• Coded an Altera FPGA board in System Verilog such that it could use the on board ADC to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal, that was displayed on a seven segment display as well as on a computer screen.
• Utilized a UART (USB to serial) to receive the voltage signal that was to be displayed on a computer.
• Controlled the selection of channel for analog input by transmitting the serial data through the UART from the computer keyboard.
The document discusses parallel compilation techniques for reconfigurable architectures. It describes a hybrid processor called XiRisc+PiCoGa and GriffyC that has a configurable RISC core and reconfigurable PiCoGa component. It outlines the compilation flow from C to GriffyC code that can be executed on the XiRisc+PiCoGa architecture, including various analyses and optimizations performed during compilation.
1. The document discusses different types of loops in computer programming including while, do-while, and for loops.
2. Examples are provided to illustrate the syntax and usage of each loop type. While and do-while loops test the condition at the start or end of each iteration. For loops allow specifying an initial value, condition, and counter update.
3. Nested loops are also demonstrated with an example program that prints a triangle pattern using loops within loops. Exercises are included to write and run loop programs.
CROCHET - Checkpoint Rollback in JVM (ECOOP 2018)jon_bell
This document describes the Crochet system for enabling efficient checkpointing and rollback in Java virtual machines without requiring modifications to the JVM. Crochet uses bytecode rewriting and lazy heap traversal to track object state during execution. It inserts callbacks into object methods to lazily update proxies after checkpoints and rollbacks. This allows restoring program state without freezing or copying the entire heap. Crochet was found to have significantly lower overhead than alternative checkpointing techniques while still providing dynamic checkpoint and rollback capabilities.
The document summarizes lambda expressions and concurrency APIs in C++. It provides examples of lambda expressions with different capture modes. It also discusses features of concurrency APIs like std::future, std::promise, std::packaged_task and how to use them to asynchronously execute tasks and retrieve/propagate results and exceptions.
This document discusses PHP file includes and requires and how the PHP opcode cache handles them. It covers how PHP resolves include paths, checks if a file has already been included, and validates file timestamps when revalidating paths. It also discusses using the opcode cache status to view cache metrics and how to invalidate files from the cache.
The document discusses new C++11 features including:
1. Uniform initialization syntax using curly braces {} which can initialize objects in a clear and consistent way compared to parentheses () or equals =.
2. Initializer lists and how they allow initializing objects from a list of values. However, initializer lists may prefer certain constructors unintuitively.
3. How uniform initialization helps prevent narrowing conversions and most vexing parse issues that could occur in C++98 code.
Pro typescript.ch03.Object Orientation in TypeScriptSeok-joon Yun
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in TypeScript such as classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and mixins. It provides code examples of implementing interfaces and classes to demonstrate inheritance and composition. Mixins are discussed as a way to reuse behavior across class hierarchies by applying multiple base classes to a derived class using a mixin function. The examples show how to define mixin behaviors as classes and apply them to implementing classes to achieve multiple inheritance in TypeScript.
The document discusses various ways to embed Perl in C and C in Perl. It provides an overview of embedding Perl in C using ExtUtils::Embed, B::C, and XS. It also covers embedding C code in Perl using Inline::C and XS. Finally, it demonstrates examples of calling Perl functions from C code and evaluating Perl code from embedded C programs.
Coroutines in Kotlin provide a way to write asynchronous, non-blocking code while maintaining a synchronous appearance and avoiding callbacks. Coroutines allow suspending functions to yield and resume work, providing an alternative to callbacks for asynchronous operations. The Kotlin standard library provides primitives for coroutines including suspending functions, builders for sequences and streams, and methods for job control and cancellation. While still experimental, coroutines are stable and recommended for use in production code.
The document discusses the Falcon programming language, noting its open source, simple, fast and powerful nature. It highlights features of Falcon like full support for multithreading, support for coroutines, and faster speed compared to Python. Examples are provided of Falcon's syntax for variables, data types, operators, functions, and control flow structures that are similar to other languages like C/C++ and Lua.
Mini project in c++,Institute Management has become common now a days but i hope it helps. Accesscode is "nopassword".
Feel free to make chanes according to your need.This has sound involved as well , make sure to adjust it as well.
This document provides an overview of the Swift programming language. It discusses Swift's history, principles, syntax, tools and practices. The history section notes that Chris Lattner created Swift at Apple in 2010 and that it was influenced by many other languages. The principles section states that Swift is imperative, functional, object-oriented, static, strongly typed and type safe. The document then covers Swift's syntax including basic syntax, functions and closures, data types, and control flows.
Hackintoshrao:codes for GNU/LINUX
ILLUSTRATION OF ORPHAN PROCESS AND ASSIGNMENT OF INIT AS A PARENT TO SUCH A PROCESS
SYSTEM CALLS USED
1.fork()
2.getpid()
3.getppid()
4.sleep()
*/
#include<stdlib>
#include<unistd>
#include<time>
int main()
{
int pid;
pid=fork();
if(pid==0)
{
printf("\nChild process here \n");
printf("\nchild here..Parent id=%d,Process id=%d\n",getppid(),getpid());
sleep(3);
printf("\nChild process here,now its a orphan process,so init is my parent process now \n");
printf("\nchild here...Parent id=%d,Process id=%d\n",getppid(),getpid());
/*its clearly evident in the o/p that the parent process Id of the child process will now be =1,
the init process is made as a parent */
}
else{
sleep(1);
/*since parent process finishes earlier than the child ,the latter becomes a orphan process */
printf("\nparent process here \n");
printf("\nparent process..Process id=%d\n",getpid());
printf("\nparent process Exiting,making the child process a orphan .......\n\n") ;
}
}
The document contains code for an Arduino and Visual Basic program to monitor push buttons and control LEDs. The Arduino code defines pin assignments for 5 push buttons and 4 LEDs. It reads the button states and turns on the corresponding LED pattern. The Visual Basic code connects to the Arduino, reads the button presses, displays the status and direction, and saves the data to an Access database.
The document discusses various ways to optimize PHP performance. It provides examples of optimizing a SwiftMailer implementation by reducing function calls, using built-in array functions like array_merge instead of multiple calls, and iterating over arrays in tight loops. It also discusses how the Zend engine stores and handles values and memory management techniques like using copy-on-write to avoid wasting memory. Other optimization techniques mentioned include using opcode caching, data caching, batch database access, and creating PHP extensions.
This slides describes the basic concepts of industrial-strength compiler design. This includes basic concept of static single-assignment form (SSA) and various optimizations such as dead code elimination, global value numbering, constant propagation, etc. This is intend for a 150 minutes undergraduate compiler class.
The document discusses recursive traversal methods for binary trees, specifically preorder and inorder recursion. It provides examples of recursively traversing a sample binary tree using preorder and inorder methods. For preorder recursion, it traces the recursive calls made at each node, printing the node value before recursing. For inorder recursion, it traces the calls made at each node, recursing the left subtree before printing the node value and then recursing the right subtree. The recursion terminates when a null node is reached.
Practical JavaScript Programming - Session 6/8Wilson Su
JavaScript is one of the most popular skills in today’s job market. It allows you to create both client- and server-side applications quickly and easily. Having a solid understanding of this powerful and versatile language is essential to anyone who uses it.
“Practical JavaScript Programming” does not only focus on best practices, but also introduces the fundamental concepts. This course will take you from JavaScript basics to advanced. You’ll learn about topics like Data Types, Functions, Events, AJAX and more.
This code is used to detect sighs from a patient and send a signal to a mobile device. It reads analog sensor data to calculate a sliding average breath value and compare it to a threshold. When the average exceeds the threshold for a possible sigh, it monitors for the average to drop below a level to confirm the sigh. Upon detection, it sends a signal over a serial connection and lights an LED for one second.
Digital Voltmeter displaying voltage level on a seven segment display and com...Karthik Rathinavel
• Coded an Altera FPGA board in System Verilog such that it could use the on board ADC to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal, that was displayed on a seven segment display as well as on a computer screen.
• Utilized a UART (USB to serial) to receive the voltage signal that was to be displayed on a computer.
• Controlled the selection of channel for analog input by transmitting the serial data through the UART from the computer keyboard.
The document discusses parallel compilation techniques for reconfigurable architectures. It describes a hybrid processor called XiRisc+PiCoGa and GriffyC that has a configurable RISC core and reconfigurable PiCoGa component. It outlines the compilation flow from C to GriffyC code that can be executed on the XiRisc+PiCoGa architecture, including various analyses and optimizations performed during compilation.
1. The document discusses different types of loops in computer programming including while, do-while, and for loops.
2. Examples are provided to illustrate the syntax and usage of each loop type. While and do-while loops test the condition at the start or end of each iteration. For loops allow specifying an initial value, condition, and counter update.
3. Nested loops are also demonstrated with an example program that prints a triangle pattern using loops within loops. Exercises are included to write and run loop programs.
The document defines a class called ofBlob that represents a circle object that can be drawn and manipulated. It includes private variables to store the blob's position, dimension, speed, and phase. Methods are defined to initialize the blob, set/get its properties, update its position, and draw it. A testApp class is also defined that initializes a vector of ofBlob objects and calls their update and draw methods in a loop.
This document discusses various loop and decision statements in C programming. It covers for, while, do-while loops and break, continue keywords. It also covers if, if-else, else-if conditional statements and switch case statements. It provides examples of for loops with different initialization, condition and increment/decrement expressions. It also shows a sample for loop program to print numbers from 1 to 10.
This document discusses different loop structures in C programming including for, while, and do-while loops. It provides 4 code examples, the first using a for loop to print numbers 1-10, the second manually printing the same using printfs, the third calculating a sum using a while loop, and the fourth calculating a factorial using a do-while loop. The document covers the basic syntax of these common loop structures.
Exception handling in C++ allows programs to handle runtime errors and unexpected situations called exceptions. Code that could cause exceptions is placed in a try block. If an exception occurs, it is thrown to a catch block that handles the exception. C++ supports multiple catch blocks to handle different exception types based on the parameters passed to throw. This allows catching specific exceptions while resuming normal execution when no exception occurs.
This document contains lecture notes on the C programming language. It covers topics such as basic data types, variables, operators, instructions like if/else and loops, functions, pointers, and more. The notes include examples to illustrate each concept and are intended to teach C programming.
C lecture 4 nested loops and jumping statements slideshareGagan Deep
Nested Loops and Jumping Statements(Loop Control Statements), Goto statement in C, Return Statement in C Exit statement in C, For Loops with Nested Loops, While Loop with Nested Loop, Do-While Loop with Nested Loops, Break Statement, Continue Statement : visit us at : www.rozyph.com
This document contains C code to implement a stack using arrays and pointers. It defines functions for push, pop, and display operations on the stack. The main function provides a menu for testing these stack operations and switches between the array and pointer implementations. The push function inserts elements into the stack, pop removes and returns elements, and display prints out the current stack contents.
The document discusses C++11 features including smart pointers, rvalue references, and threading APIs. It provides details on the different smart pointer types - unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr. Unique_ptr allows for move semantics and single ownership while shared_ptr enables shared ownership with reference counting. Rvalue references allow more efficient moving of objects and perfect forwarding of arguments.
write the TODO part of the program.docxannetnash8266
write the //TODO part of the program:
/***************************************************************************
* scramble.c
*
* Problem Set 3
*
* Implements Scramble with CS50.
*
* Usage: scramble [#]
*
* where # is an optional grid number.
***************************************************************************/
#include [removed]
#include [removed]
#include [removed]
#include [removed]
#include [removed]
#include [removed]
// duration of a game in seconds
#define DURATION 30
// grid's dimensions
#define DIMENSION 4
// maximum number of words in any dictionary
#define WORDS 172806
// maximum number of letters in any word
#define LETTERS 29
// default dictionary
// http://www.becomeawordgameexpert.com/wordlists.htm
#define DICTIONARY "words"
// for logging
FILE* log;
// grid
char grid[DIMENSION][DIMENSION];
// flags with which we can mark grid's letters while searching for words
bool marks[DIMENSION][DIMENSION];
// defines a word as having an array of letters plus a flag
// indicating whether word has been found on grid
typedef struct
{
bool found;
char letters[LETTERS + 1];
}
word;
// defines a dictionary as having a size and an array of words
struct
{
int size;
word words[WORDS];
}
dictionary;
// prototypes
void clear(void);
bool crawl(string letters, int x, int y);
void draw(void);
bool find(string s);
void initialize(void);
bool load(string s);
bool lookup(string s);
void scramble(void);
// This is Scramble.
int main(int argc, string argv[])
{
// ensure proper usage
if (argc > 2)
{
printf("Usage: %s [#]\n", basename(argv[0]));
return 1;
}
// seed pseudorandom number generator
if (argc == 2)
{
int seed = atoi(argv[1]);
if (seed <= 0)
{
printf("Invalid grid.\n");
return 1;
}
srand(seed);
}
else
srand(time(NULL));
// determine path to dictionary
string directory = dirname(argv[0]);
char path[strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(DICTIONARY) + 1];
sprintf(path, "%s/%s", directory, DICTIONARY);
// load dictionary
if (!load(path))
{
printf("Could not open dictionary.\n");
return 1;
}
// initialize the grid
initialize();
// initialize user's score
int score = 0;
// calculate time of game's end
int end = time(NULL) + DURATION;
// open log
log = fopen("log.txt", "w");
if (log == NULL)
{
printf("Could not open log.\n");
return 1;
}
// accept words until timer expires
while (true)
{
// clear the screen
clear();
// draw the current state of the grid
draw();
// log board
for (int row = 0; row < DIMENSION; row++)
{
for (int col = 0; col [removed]= end)
.
This document provides instructions and outlines content for a lab session on loops in C++. It begins with lab rules and outlines topics to be covered, including for, while, and do-while loops. It then demonstrates the syntax and use of each loop type with examples. The document concludes with assignments for students, including practice tasks to print output using different loops, and information on how to contact the instructor.
The document provides an overview of the Go programming language, including its history, data types, basic syntax like variables and functions, and common constructs like arrays, slices, maps, and concurrency features. It was developed at Google in 2009 and aims to provide efficiency of static typing with ease of dynamic languages through features like garbage collection and good support for concurrency and communication.
assign4assign4_part1bonnie.c This is a file system ben.docxfestockton
assign4/assign4_part1/bonnie.c
/*
* This is a file system benchmark which attempts to study bottlenecks -
* it is named 'Bonnie' after Bonnie Raitt, who knows how to use one.
*
* Commentary on Bonnie's operations may be found at
* http://www.textuality.com/bonnie/intro.html
*
* COPYRIGHT NOTICE:
* Copyright (c) Tim Bray, 1990-1996.
*
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#if defined(SysV)
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/times.h>
#else
#include <sys/resource.h>
#endif
#define IntSize (sizeof(int))
/*
* N.B. in seeker_reports, CPU appears and Start/End time, but not Elapsed,
* so position 1 is re-used; icky data coupling.
*/
#define CPU (0)
#define Elapsed (1)
#define StartTime (1)
#define EndTime (2)
#define Seeks (4000)
#define UpdateSeek (10)
#define SeekProcCount (3)
#define Chunk (16384)
/* labels for the tests, used as an array index */
typedef enum {
Putc, ReWrite, FastWrite, Getc, FastRead, Lseek, TestCount
} tests_t;
static double cpu_so_far();
static void doseek(off_t where, int fd, int update);
static void get_delta_t(tests_t test);
static void io_error(char *message);
static void newfile(char *name, int *fd, FILE * *stream, int create);
static void fill_file_char();
static void fill_file_block();
static void file_read_rewrite_block();
static void file_read_getc();
static void file_read_chunk();
#if defined(SysV)
/* System V wrappers for randomizers */
static long random();
static void srandom(int seed);
#endif
static void report(char *machine, off_t size);
static double time_so_far();
static void timestamp();
static void usage();
/*
* Housekeeping variables to build up timestamps for the tests;
* global to make it easy to keep track of the progress of time.
* all of this could have been done with non-global variables,
* but the code is easier to read this way and I don't anticipate
* much software engineering down the road
*/
static int basetime; /* when we started */
static double delta[(int) TestCount][2]; /* array of DeltaT values */
static double last_cpustamp = 0.0; /* for computing delta-t */
static double last_timestamp = 0.0; /* for computing delta-t */
char name[Chunk];
FILE *stream;
int fd;
off_t words;
off_t size;
int buf[Chunk / IntSize];
int bufindex;
int chars[256];
int next;
/* entry point for LMP1 */
int bonnie_main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int child;
char *dir;
double first_start;
double last_stop;
int lseek_count = 0;
char *machine;
int seek_control[2];
int seek_feedback[2];
char seek_tickets[Seeks + SeekProcCount];
double seeker_report[3];
fd = -1;
basetime = (int) time((time_t *) NULL);
size = 100;
dir = ".";
machine = "";
/* parse the argument sent from the command line */
for (next = 1; next < argc; next++) {
if (strcmp(argv[next], "-s") ...
JavaScript for Unleashed a game about a robbery in London and its pretty long i do not know why you would want it but here have it :P also this is not pro its just for school because i am a loner like that and i have nothing better to do
images oriented of c++ it can be easily learn to c++, it can be eagerly understand for students.and it can be easily understand the programming in c++. I have attached the simple programs in my slide it is very useful for students.
The document discusses loop control structures in C++. It explains the for, while, and do-while loops and provides examples. It also covers break, continue, return, and goto statements used to control program flow in loops.
The document discusses the Go programming language, including its history as a project at Google from 2007-2009, its goals of making programming fun again while having a safe static type system. It provides an overview of Go's syntax features like variables, functions, flow control statements, types, methods and interfaces, concurrency using goroutines and channels.
Compiler optimization transforms programs to equivalent programs that use fewer resources by applying techniques like:
1) Combining multiple simple operations like increments into a single optimized operation
2) Evaluating constant expressions at compile-time rather than run-time
3) Eliminating redundant computations and storing values in registers rather than memory when possible
4) Optimizing loops, conditionals, and expressions to minimize computations
Compiler optimization aims to minimize program execution time, memory usage, and power consumption by transforming programs in various ways before producing executable code. Some key techniques include instruction combining, constant folding, common subexpression elimination, strength reduction, dead code elimination, and loop optimizations. This improves program efficiency and performance.
This document provides an introduction to the Kotlin programming language through a workshop series. It discusses key Kotlin concepts like statically typed vs dynamically typed languages, features of Kotlin like being interoperable with Java, and how to write basic Kotlin code like functions, variables, types, loops, and classes. The document includes code snippets and explanations to demonstrate Kotlin syntax and best practices.
This document discusses different types of program control structures including sequential, selection, and repetition structures. Selection structures include if/else statements that allow different code to execute depending on boolean conditions, and repetition structures like while and do-while loops that repeatedly execute code for a set number of iterations or as long as a condition remains true.
This very short document appears to be discussing architecture, blurring boundaries, and provides a website URL. It does not contain enough contextual information to generate a meaningful 3 sentence summary.
1. The document discusses the Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP), a dynamic geometry software that allows users to interact with geometric objects and constructions.
2. GSP employs a constructivist and learner-centered approach to teaching mathematics through visualization and problem solving skills.
3. The software has been recognized as one of the best educational programs by various surveys of mathematics teachers.
The document discusses the Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP), a dynamic geometry software. GSP allows users to interact with geometric objects and make constructions. It employs a constructivist and learner-centered approach to teaching mathematics concepts visually and developing problem solving skills. Surveys have found GSP to be one of the most valuable and effective educational software programs.
This document discusses various programming concepts including print statements, escape sequences, methods, strings, control flow statements like if/for/switch, classes with main methods and parameters, and object-oriented programming concepts like inheritance with base classes and superclasses. It also briefly mentions multi-dimensional arrays.
This document discusses programming concepts like conditionals, methods, and parameter passing. It mentions if/else statements, static methods, and call-by-value parameter passing. The document seems to be about core programming concepts but provides little context to understand its overall meaning or purpose.
Google announced plans to redesign its news products and services. The changes will see Google news move to an AI/ML-powered approach that relies more on automated summarization and highlights from articles rather than presenting full stories. The redesigned news products are aimed at helping people get relevant information from news publishers more quickly while also rewarding publishers financially for their content.
The article discusses Apple's market share in the tablet market in 2012. It notes that Apple held 50.4% of the tablet market, down from 59.7% in 2011, while Samsung saw its market share increase from 6.5% to 18.4%. The article also provides some details on the specifications and prices of Apple's iPad mini and full-sized iPad models.
Microsoft is integrating Skype more fully into its MSN services, allowing Skype users to communicate with MSN users across platforms. Skype will now be connected to Microsoft's additional services like Outlook, OneDrive and Office 365. Over 300 million people use Skype each month for messaging, voice and video calls across devices.
Facebook has released an updated version of its app, version 5.1, for iOS devices. The update includes the ability to swipe between News Feed and other sections like Favourites. It also aims to make the app feel more active by highlighting recently interacted with content.
4. loop statement
1. for
for
for
for
for
for (expression1; expression2; expression3)
expression1
statement;
expression2
for (expression1; expression2; expression3)
{ expression3
36. else if ( nested if)
else if
if else
nested if
nested if else if
else if (expression) {
statementA(s);
}
else if (expression){
statementB(s);
}
else if (expression){
nested if
nested if
nested if
37. nested if
/* nestif1.c */
#include<stdio.h>
/*
include<conio.h>
/*
include<stdlib.h>
/*
void
main(void) /*
int
score, n, i; /*
char
40. include <stdlib.h>
atoi( )
n = atoi(gets(numstr));
n
for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
n for
loop for
for
score
if ( score >= 80 )
41. else if ( score >= 70 )
score
grade B
else if ( score >= 60 )
score
grade C
else if ( score >= 50 )
score
grade D
else grade = ‘F’;
grade F
score i
42. switch
switch
nested if switch
nested if
switch
switch (expression) {
case expression1:
statement(s); break;
case expression2:
statement(s); break;
…..
case expressionN:
statement(s); break;
default:
statement(s);
43. expression
expression1, expression2, …, expressionN
expression1, expression2, …, expressionN
, , , …, N
break case
switch case
break case
case case
break
default expression
default default
break default
switch
switch
1) switch case)
break case