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islamic art.pptx
- 1. BULE HORA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE Prepared by : Abrham wubishet
- 3. DEFINITION ISLAMIC ART ” is a label coined in the West in the nineteenth century. Unlike “Christian art” or “Buddhist art,” it does not describe art with a particular set of religious imagery. has few exclusively religious symbols comparable to the Christian cross. Instead, the term “Islamic art” designates all art, religious or secular, that was produced in lands under Muslim leadership.
- 4. The most important outlets for artistic expression in the Islamic world were:- architecture the arts of the book (calligraphy, manuscript illumination, and bookbinding) the arts of the object (especially metalwork, ceramics, glass, and textiles)
- 5. CONTINUED And each of these was ornamented with a particularly Islamic vocabulary of surface decoration: - calligraphy - arabesques, - scrolling patterns, and fl oral or plant designs - geometric designs
- 6. ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE How did it begin? By following the tradition of the Prophet, i.e. building a mosque when they start to occupy a new settlement Transformation of buildings used by the people before the Muslims took over the state / country, for e.g. Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey
- 7. THE DEFINITION - Islamic architecture is the entire range of architecture that has evolved from Islam as a social, cultural, political and religious phenomenon. Hence the term encompasses religious buildings as well as secular ones, historic as well as modern expressions, and the production of all places that have come under the varying levels of Islamic influence.
- 8. ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE CAN BE INFLUENCED BY Chronology Geography Building typology
- 9. ELEMENTS OF ISLAMIC STYLE Large domes Minarets Large courtyard often merged with a central praying hall Use of geometric shape and repetitive art (arabesque) Extensive use of decorative Arabic calligraphy Use of symmetry and ablution fountain A mihrab inside mosque to indicate the direction of Mecca Use of bright color Focus on interior of space rather than exterior
- 10. INTERPRETATION OF ISLAMIC STYLE - The concept of Allah’s infinite power is evoked by design with repetitive theme which suggests infinity - Figurative forms are rarely depicted in decorative art as Allah’s work is matchless. Foliage is a frequent motif but typically stylized or simplified - The use of calligraphy is actually means of education and reminder as they are taken from the verses of al-Quran - It has been called the ‘architecture of the veil’ because the beauty lies in the inner spaces which are not visible from the outside - Use of impressive forms such as large domes, towering minarets and large courtyard has both symbolic meaning and scientific purposes
- 11. INFLUENCES IN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE Basically, these are the famous styles that has influence the Islamic architecture Moorish architecture Timurid architecture Ottoman architecture Mughal architecture Tip… Islamic architecture In Asia and South East Asia, Islamic architecture blend into the regional architecture because the influence of previous religions or culture was stronger
- 12. THE MOSQUE
- 13. CALLIGRAPHY Islam developed in a nomadic Arab culture that valued poetry and oral tradition. The faith’s fundamental basis is the message of God that was given to and relayed by the Prophet Muhammad, and that is preserved in the Qur’an. While Christians accept Christ as God’s incarnation, Muhammad does not share God’s divinity. The priority of the words themselves, rather than the messenger, left Islam with little use for iconic images like those that developed in early Christianity. Instead, the emphasis on the words and the language of God’s message elevated the script in which they were recorded. Calligraphy beautiful writing became the most revered of all the arts. It was used on buildings and art of all types to communicate the words of the Qur’an or other messages but also for its decorative effect.
- 14. o Tile with some calligraphy
- 15. ARABESQUES Scrolling patterns of plant and floral motifs were part of the visual vocabulary Islamic art inherited from its early Byzantine and Sasanian predecessors. They became so identified with Islamic art that in the West they came to be called “arabesques.” Much of the Islamic world is arid and hot, and vegetation is scarce. Although too much can be made of the influence of this environment on art, it is perhaps natural that images of paradise reflect a lush world, full of flowers and fragrance, and well watered by cooling streams and that these would be considered beautiful as ornament
- 16. GEOMETRIC DESIGNS Repeating geometric patterns express and embody unity within diversity and the harmony that governs all things. They satisfy the Islamic principles of tawhid (the unity of all things) and mizan (order and balance) and in so doing, they reflect the perfection of God’s creation. Allah, the Qur’an says “ordered all things.…”
- 17. CHARACTERISTICS OF ISLAMIC GEOMETRIC DESIGNS They are made up of a small number of repeated geometric elements They are two-dimensional. Islamic designs often have a background and foreground pattern They are not designed to fit within a frame
- 18. CONTINUED Geometric pattern with repeated circle grid
- 20. Thank you