2. Information Science
Is an interdisciplinary field
primarily concerned with the
analysis, collection, classification,
manipulation, storage, retrieval and
dissemination of information.
3. Early Definition:
Information science is that discipline that
investigates the properties and behavior of
information, the forces governing the flow of
information, and the means of processing
information for optimum accessibility and
usability.
4. Early Beginnings
Information analysis has been carried out
by scholars at least as early as the time of
the Abyssinian Empire with the
emergence of cultural depositories
5. As a science, however, it finds its institutional
roots in the history of science, beginning with
publication of the first issues of Philosophical
Transactions, generally considered the first
scientific journal, in 1665 by the Royal Society
(London).
6. 19th century
By the 19th Century the first signs of
information science emerged as separate
and distinct from other sciences and social
sciences but in conjunction with
communication and computation
7. In 1854 George Boole published An
Investigation into Laws of Thought..., which
lays the foundations for Boolean algebra,
which is later used in information retrieval.
8. European documentation
The discipline of documentation science, which
marks the earliest theoretical foundations of
modern information science, emerged in the late
part of the 19th Century in Europe together with
several more scientific indexes whose purpose
was to organize scholarly literature.
9. RONALD DAY
“As an organized system of techniques and
technologies, documentation was understood as a
player in the historical development of global
organization in modernity – indeed, a major
player inasmuch as that organization was
dependent on the organization and transmission
of information”
10. Transition to modern information science
With the 1950s came increasing awareness
of the potential of automatic devices for
literature searching and information storage
and retrieval. As these concepts grew in
magnitude and potential, so did the variety
of information science interests.
11. By the 1960s and 70s, there was a move from
batch processing to online modes, from
mainframe to mini and microcomputers.
12. By the 1980s, large databases, such as Grateful
Med at the National Library of Medicine, and
user-oriented services such
as Dialog and CompuServe, were for the first
time accessible by individuals from their
personal computers.
13. Today, information science largely examines
technical bases, social consequences, and
theoretical understanding of online databases,
widespread use of databases in government,
industry, and education, and the development of
the Internet and World Wide Web.
14. General aspects of Information Science
Information access
Information access is an area of research at
the intersection of informatics, Information
Science, Information Security, Language
to support usability Computer Science, and library
Technology,
science.
15. Information architecture
Information architecture (IA) is the art and
science of organizing and
labeling websites, intranets, online
communities and software
16. Information retrieval
Information retrieval (IR) is the area of study
concerned with searching for documents,
for information within documents, and
for metadata about documents, as well as
that of searching structure storage, relational
databases, and the World Wide Web.
17. Information seeking
Information seeking is the process or activity
of attempting to obtain information in both
human and technological contexts.
Information seeking is related to, but
different from, information retrieval (IR)
18. Information society
An information society is a society where the
creation, distribution, diffusion, use, integration
and manipulation of information is a significant
economic, political, and cultural activity.
19. Information management
Information management (IM) is the collection
and management of information from one or
more sources and the distribution of that
information to one or more audiences.
21. Tefko Saracevic
“The common ground between library science
and information science, which is a strong one,
is in the sharing of their social role and in their
general concern with the problems of effective
utilization of graphic records”
23. (1) selection of problems addressed and in
the way they were defined.
(2) theoretical questions asked and frameworks
established.
(3) the nature and degree of experimentation
and empirical development and the resulting
practical knowledge/competencies derived
24. (4) tools and approaches used
(5) the nature and strength of
interdisciplinary relations established and the
dependence of the progress and evolution of
interdisciplinary approaches
25. All of those differences warrant the
conclusion that librarianship and
information science are two different fields
in a strong interdisciplinary relation, rather
than one and the same field, or one being a
special case of the other."
