IOT TERM WORK in engineering Student intenal exam

1. Code : 2000611C_114_25
Internet of Things (Advance) - TW 114 25
1.Write down steps involving Installation of Python ON either windows or macOS?
Ans
Installing Python on Windows:
• Download Python Installer:
• Go to the official Python website: https://www.python.org/downloads/
• Click on the "Downloads" tab.
• Choose the latest version of Python (e.g., Python 3.9) for Windows.
• Scroll down to the bottom of the page and select the installer that matches your
system architecture (usually 64-bit).
• Run the Installer:
• Once the installer is downloaded, run it.
• Make sure to check the box that says "Add Python X.Y to PATH" during installation.
This ensures that you can use Python from the command line.
• Installation Setup:
• Choose the installation location (default is usually fine).
• Complete the installation by clicking "Install Now."
• Verify Installation:
• Open Command Prompt or PowerShell.
• Type python --version and press Enter. You should see the version of Python
installed.
• Installing Python on Windows:
• Download Python Installer:
• Go to the official Python website: https://www.python.org/downloads/
• Click on the "Downloads" tab.
• Choose the latest version of Python (e.g., Python 3.9) for Windows.
• Scroll down to the bottom of the page and select the installer that matches your
system architecture (usually 64-bit).
• Run the Installer:
• Once the installer is downloaded, run it.
• Make sure to check the box that says "Add Python X.Y to PATH" during installation.
This ensures that you can use Python from the command line.
• Installation Setup:
• Choose the installation location (default is usually fine).
• Complete the installation by clicking "Install Now."
• Verify Installation:
• Open Command Prompt or PowerShell.

2. • Type python --version and press Enter. You should see the version of Python
installed.
• Run the Installer (Alternative):
• Run the downloaded installer and follow the installation prompts.
• Verify Installation:
• Open Terminal.
• Type python3 --version and press Enter. You should see the version of Python installed.
• Note: The steps above provide a general guideline for installing Python on Windows and macOS.
The specific steps may vary slightly depending on the version of Python and your operating
system. After installation, you can start using Python by opening a command prompt or terminal
window and entering the python or python3 command to launch the Python interpreter. To exit
the interpreter, you can type exit() or press Ctrl + Z followed by Enter on Windows, or
Ctrl + D on macOS and Linux.
•
Q2. Write down Variables, Print () function, Escape character sequence and run
python Program?
Ans: Here's a simple Python program that covers variables, the print() function, and
escape character sequences:
# Variables
name = "JACK"
age = 30
height = 1.75
is_student = False
# Print Function
print("Hello, World!")
print("Name:", name)
print("Age:", age)
print("Height:", height)
print("Is Student:", is_student)
# Escape Character Sequences
print("This is a linensplit using escape character.")
print("Tabbedttext using escape character.")
print("This is a backslash: ")
print("Quoting with single quotes: 'Hello'")
print('Quoting with double quotes: "World"')
To run this Python program:

3. • Open a text editor (such as Notepad on Windows, TextEdit on macOS, or any code
editor like Visual Studio Code, PyCharm, etc.).
• Copy and paste the above code into the text editor.
• Save the file with a .py extension, for example, basic_program.py.
• Open a terminal or command prompt.
• Navigate to the directory where you saved the basic_program.py file using the cd
command (change directory).
• Run the program by entering python basic_program.py (or python3
basic_program.py on macOS/Linux) and press Enter.
You should see the output printed in the terminal, which will include the variable values,
the messages with escape characters, and the quoted strings.
Make sure you have Python installed and added to your system's PATH before running the
program. You can refer to the previous responses for instructions on installing Python on
different operating systems.
Q3. Define Python Tuple, Dictionary, operators ?
ANS
Dictionary, and operators:
Python Tuple: A tuple is an ordered collection of elements, similar to a list, but with one
key difference: tuples are immutable, meaning their elements cannot be changed after
creation. Tuples are defined using parentheses () and can contain elements of different
data types.
Example:
my_tuple = (1, 2, "apple", 3.14, True)
Python Dictionary: A dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. Each key is
unique and maps to a corresponding value. Dictionaries are defined using curly braces {}
and have a format like key: value.
Example:
my_dict = {"name": "John", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}
Python Operators:
• Arithmetic Operators:
• +: Addition
• -: Subtraction
• *: Multiplication
• /: Division

4. • %: Modulus (remainder)
• **: Exponentiation
• //: Floor division (returns the quotient as an integer)
• Comparison Operators:
•
• ==: Equal to
• !=: Not equal to
• <: Less than
• >: Greater than
• <=: Less than or equal to
• >=: Greater than or equal to
• Assignment Operators:
• =: Assign a value
• +=: Add and assign
• -=: Subtract and assign
• *=: Multiply and assign
• /=: Divide and assign
• %=: Modulus and assign
• **=: Exponentiate and assign
• //=: Floor divide and assign
• Logical Operators:
• and: Logical AND
• or: Logical OR
• not: Logical NOT
• Membership Operators:
• in: True if a value is found in the sequence
• not in: True if a value is not found in the sequence
• Identity Operators:
• is: True if both variables are the same object
• is not: True if both variables are not the same object
These are some of the fundamental concepts in Python: tuples, dictionaries, and operators. Tuples
and dictionaries allow you to organize and store data efficiently, while operators are used to
perform various operations and comparisons on data.
Q4 Define Cloud services like SaaS, PaaS and IaaS .
Ans
Cloud services refer to various types of computing resources and solutions that are delivered over
the internet by cloud providers. These services allow businesses and individuals to access and
utilize computing resources without the need to invest in and maintain physical infrastructure. The
three primary models of cloud services are Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service
(PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

5. • Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS delivers software applications over the internet on a
subscription basis. Users can access and use these applications directly through a web
browser, without needing to install or maintain the software on their local devices. SaaS
applications are hosted and managed by the cloud provider, which handles maintenance,
updates, security, and scalability. Examples of SaaS include Google Workspace (formerly G
Suite), Microsoft 365, Salesforce, and Dropbox.
• Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS provides a platform and environment for developers to
build, deploy, and manage applications without having to manage the underlying
infrastructure. PaaS offerings typically include tools, development frameworks, databases,
and other resources needed for application development. Developers can focus on writing
code and building features, while the PaaS provider handles infrastructure management.
Examples of PaaS include Microsoft Azure App Service, Google App Engine, and Heroku.
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): IaaS offers virtualized computing resources over the
internet, including virtual machines, storage, and networking. With IaaS, users can create
and manage their own virtualized infrastructure as needed, allowing for greater control and
customization. This model is suitable for businesses that require more flexibility and
control over their computing environment. Users are responsible for managing the
operating systems, applications, and other software components. Examples of IaaS include
Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Microsoft Azure Virtual
Machines, and Google Cloud Compute Engine.
In summary, SaaS provides ready-to-use software applications, PaaS offers a platform for
application development, and IaaS delivers virtualized infrastructure resources. These cloud
service models enable organizations to leverage computing capabilities without the complexities of
traditional hardware and software management.
Q5 Define M2M – 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G networks ?
ANS:
M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication refers to the exchange of data and information
between devices, sensors, machines, or objects without human intervention. It involves the use of
various wireless networks to enable these devices to communicate and collaborate. Here's an
overview of M2M communication in the context of different generations of cellular networks: 2G,
3G, 4G, and 5G.
• 2G (Second Generation): 2G networks introduced digital voice communication and limited
data capabilities. M2M applications on 2G networks were relatively basic and often used for
simple tasks such as remote monitoring, asset tracking, and basic telemetry. However, data
speeds were low, and the network's capacity for handling large-scale M2M deployments
was limited.
• 3G (Third Generation): 3G networks brought improved data speeds and greater capacity,
enabling more advanced M2M applications. These networks supported higher data rates,
making it possible to transmit more data between devices. M2M applications on 3G
networks included things like advanced telemetry, smart meters, and more sophisticated
remote monitoring solutions.
• 4G (Fourth Generation): 4G networks represented a significant leap in data speeds,
capacity, and reliability compared to previous generations. This improvement paved the

6. way for more complex and data-intensive M2M applications. M2M on 4G networks
facilitated applications like connected vehicles, industrial automation, and remote video
surveillance.
• 5G (Fifth Generation): 5G networks are designed to provide even higher data speeds,
ultra-low latency, massive device connectivity, and network slicing. These capabilities
enable a wide range of advanced M2M and IoT (Internet of Things) applications. 5G's
features make it suitable for real-time industrial automation, smart cities, remote surgery,
autonomous vehicles, and other highly demanding M2M scenarios.
In summary, M2M communication has evolved alongside the progression of cellular network
generations. Each new generation has brought improvements in data speed, capacity, and
capabilities, allowing for more sophisticated and data-intensive M2M applications to be developed
and deployed. With the advent of 5G, M2M communication is expected to play a crucial role in
enabling the next generation of advanced IoT and industrial automation solutions.