The document discusses key topics in international business, including the major drivers of globalization, major world marketplaces, competitive advantage, import/export balances, and exchange rates. It provides definitions for important terms and concepts. Several charts and graphs are included to illustrate trade relationships and deficits between countries.
This document provides an overview of key topics in international business, including:
1. The major drivers of globalization such as converging customer needs, trade policies, and cost advantages.
2. The major world marketplaces, including North America (NAFTA), Europe (EU), and Pacific Asia.
3. Factors that influence competitive advantage for nations and firms, such as absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and Porter's determinants.
It also discusses import/export balances, exchange rates, and how they impact global trade. Tables show recent U.S. trade deficits and the growing imbalance in imports/exports.
The document outlines a lesson plan that discusses the global context of business, including the major world marketplaces, drivers of globalization, competitive advantages, trade balances, exchange rates, barriers to international trade, and factors to consider when deciding whether to engage in international business. Students are provided exercises to analyze different countries' economies and trade relationships.
The Chinese demand for luxury goods is immense. It is creating a unique, dynamic and rich digital luxury retailing environment.
This report looks at the growth of the global and Chinese markets for luxury goods. We estimate the size of the Chinese online luxury goods market. We then discuss what is responsible for creating China’s over-sized online luxury market, and the motivations of different customer segments.
This report will be of use to those interested in the luxury goods markets, Chinese retail and digital marketers generally.
The document provides an overview of the luxury goods market in China. It discusses key trends such as the rapid growth of luxury spending by Chinese consumers which has made China the second largest luxury market globally. The personal luxury goods market in China is estimated to reach around EUR 18 billion by 2017, growing at a CAGR of over 6% annually. Major opportunities for luxury brands include rising incomes and an expanding middle class, while challenges include high taxes and consumers increasingly shopping abroad. International luxury brands dominate the Chinese market but are also investing in local brands.
1) The worldwide personal luxury goods market grew 2% in 2013, marking a slowdown from previous years of double-digit growth and the first moderation since the 2009 financial crisis.
2) Euro fluctuations negatively impacted 2013 market performance despite real growth outpacing 2012, and the Japanese yen devaluation drove over half the difference between real and nominal growth.
3) Online luxury continues to grow rapidly at around 10% annually, with accessories having the highest online penetration and the US dominating the online luxury market.
The Paris Luxury Market - Outlook for 2020David Bourla
Cushman & Wakefield has just published a report on the luxury retail-property market. Based on exhaustive data concerning retail store openings and development plans, the report provides a geographic overview of the Paris luxury market. In addition, various scenarios for 2020 are put forward.
The Dollar Business Magazine April 2017 IssuePraveen Kumar
As we stand today, the present government’s ambitious target to touch $900 billion in exports by 2020 has been written off as just that... ambitious! And there are a number of reasons for that; global trade slowdown being the most important. However, these obstacles have not been able to hold back some of India's star exporters, who have gone from strength to strength overcoming multiple challenges that threatened their growth on foreign soil, including policy-related structural flaws. The Dollar Business spoke to a select dozen to understand how their companies have defied the odds to table attractive export numbers in recent years.
- The global luxury market exceeded €1 trillion in 2015, with personal luxury goods reaching €250 billion. Growth was driven by luxury cars and hospitality.
- Currency fluctuations resulted in a double-digit nominal growth rate for personal luxury goods, but real growth slowed to 1-2%.
- The US remained the largest market due to a strong dollar, but did not deliver real growth. Mainland China joined the top three markets globally.
- Chinese consumers were the largest luxury spenders worldwide, accounting for 31% of the market. Mature markets depend more on tourist spending.
This document provides an overview of key topics in international business, including:
1. The major drivers of globalization such as converging customer needs, trade policies, and cost advantages.
2. The major world marketplaces, including North America (NAFTA), Europe (EU), and Pacific Asia.
3. Factors that influence competitive advantage for nations and firms, such as absolute advantage, comparative advantage, and Porter's determinants.
It also discusses import/export balances, exchange rates, and how they impact global trade. Tables show recent U.S. trade deficits and the growing imbalance in imports/exports.
The document outlines a lesson plan that discusses the global context of business, including the major world marketplaces, drivers of globalization, competitive advantages, trade balances, exchange rates, barriers to international trade, and factors to consider when deciding whether to engage in international business. Students are provided exercises to analyze different countries' economies and trade relationships.
The Chinese demand for luxury goods is immense. It is creating a unique, dynamic and rich digital luxury retailing environment.
This report looks at the growth of the global and Chinese markets for luxury goods. We estimate the size of the Chinese online luxury goods market. We then discuss what is responsible for creating China’s over-sized online luxury market, and the motivations of different customer segments.
This report will be of use to those interested in the luxury goods markets, Chinese retail and digital marketers generally.
The document provides an overview of the luxury goods market in China. It discusses key trends such as the rapid growth of luxury spending by Chinese consumers which has made China the second largest luxury market globally. The personal luxury goods market in China is estimated to reach around EUR 18 billion by 2017, growing at a CAGR of over 6% annually. Major opportunities for luxury brands include rising incomes and an expanding middle class, while challenges include high taxes and consumers increasingly shopping abroad. International luxury brands dominate the Chinese market but are also investing in local brands.
1) The worldwide personal luxury goods market grew 2% in 2013, marking a slowdown from previous years of double-digit growth and the first moderation since the 2009 financial crisis.
2) Euro fluctuations negatively impacted 2013 market performance despite real growth outpacing 2012, and the Japanese yen devaluation drove over half the difference between real and nominal growth.
3) Online luxury continues to grow rapidly at around 10% annually, with accessories having the highest online penetration and the US dominating the online luxury market.
The Paris Luxury Market - Outlook for 2020David Bourla
Cushman & Wakefield has just published a report on the luxury retail-property market. Based on exhaustive data concerning retail store openings and development plans, the report provides a geographic overview of the Paris luxury market. In addition, various scenarios for 2020 are put forward.
The Dollar Business Magazine April 2017 IssuePraveen Kumar
As we stand today, the present government’s ambitious target to touch $900 billion in exports by 2020 has been written off as just that... ambitious! And there are a number of reasons for that; global trade slowdown being the most important. However, these obstacles have not been able to hold back some of India's star exporters, who have gone from strength to strength overcoming multiple challenges that threatened their growth on foreign soil, including policy-related structural flaws. The Dollar Business spoke to a select dozen to understand how their companies have defied the odds to table attractive export numbers in recent years.
- The global luxury market exceeded €1 trillion in 2015, with personal luxury goods reaching €250 billion. Growth was driven by luxury cars and hospitality.
- Currency fluctuations resulted in a double-digit nominal growth rate for personal luxury goods, but real growth slowed to 1-2%.
- The US remained the largest market due to a strong dollar, but did not deliver real growth. Mainland China joined the top three markets globally.
- Chinese consumers were the largest luxury spenders worldwide, accounting for 31% of the market. Mature markets depend more on tourist spending.
Globalization major forces is kind of components of global running business o...MengsongNguon
Globalization involves integrating economies and removing barriers between nations. It occurs at both the micro level of individual firms expanding globally and the macro level of integrating entire economies. Globalization creates an environment where capital, trade, technology, and labor can flow freely between countries. It allows companies to access new growth opportunities overseas but also increases competition as foreign firms enter domestic markets. Globalization has led to a more integrated and interdependent world economy.
International business mumbai university solved paper 2008shrund
This document provides information about an international business exam from Mumbai University in 2008. It includes sample exam questions and answers about topics like globalization, reasons for entering international business, and foreign exchange risks and trade barriers.
The first question is about defining globalization and how global organizations emerge to enjoy global leadership. The second question asks why companies enter international business when domestic opportunities exist. The third question requires short notes on foreign exchange risks and trade barriers. Sample answers are provided that discuss topics like stages of becoming a global organization, reasons for internationalization, and types of foreign exchange and trade barriers.
In this revision video we range far and wide on many of the important aspects of globalisation including:
Explain what is meant by globalisation
Explain the characteristics of globalisation
Explain the causes of globalisation / factors contributing to globalisation
Evaluate the impact of globalisation and global companies on individual countries, governments, producers and consumers, workers and the environment
Evaluate the impact of the performance of emerging economies on other economies.
Explain how the pattern of global trade has changed over time
Evaluate comparative advantage as an explanation of global trade patterns
Explain how countries achieve international competitiveness
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to globalization including:
1) The forces driving globalization such as falling trade barriers, technological innovation, and advances in transportation.
2) The debates surrounding globalization's impact on jobs, wages, income inequality, culture, sovereignty, and the environment.
3) The different elements that comprise the global business environment: forces of globalization, the international business environment, national business environments, and international firm management.
OCR F585 Economics - Extract 1 - Globalisation and Tradetutor2u
Globalization is a process of increasing economic integration between countries through trade and financial flows. It has led to rising trade as a percentage of GDP for most countries as global supply chains have developed. Smaller and poorer countries like Malawi have seen particularly large increases in trade as a share of their economy, reflecting their specialization in just a few primary exports and dependence on imports. While globalization can boost growth, it also exposes smaller economies to volatility from global markets.
The document discusses the rise of global corporations and their strategies and operations. It provides background on globalization and how it has led companies to formulate global strategies. It then discusses three key aspects of global corporations: 1) their operational decisions around procurement, production, and delivery; 2) the strategies they use around location of facilities, production characteristics, and goods vs services; 3) the major concerns of global managers around these operational areas.
The given PPT consist of the details about Globalisation,international business and international marketing along with the difference between TNC's & MNC's
Chapter 1 Overview of International Business.pptxZoeyChang7
International business involves commercial transactions across national borders. It includes trade, investments, and business activities performed by multinational enterprises, small and medium enterprises, and born global firms. There are various risks associated with international business such as cultural, political, financial, and commercial risks. Globalization and factors like advancing technology, liberalizing trade policies, and increasing competition have contributed to the rapid growth of international business activities in recent decades.
Globalization allows companies and countries to optimize resources globally and cater to global
customers. Toyota is provided as an example of a highly globalized company, with one-third of its global
output coming from affiliates in 25 countries. Key indicators of globalization for a company include the
international dispersion of sales, assets, intra-firm trade, and technology flows. Globalization for
companies normally occurs through six stages - from initially establishing a presence in one overseas
market to eventually emerging as a truly global enterprise with global production, investments, and
brand.
The document provides information on midterm exam results and questions for two classes. It summarizes the average scores on Midterm #2 for Class 01 as 38/60 and Class 02 as 40/60. It then provides details on question #48 and reviews concepts related to brand extension, top valuable brands, product line extension versus trading up/down, and supply chain extension. Finally, it provides reminders about the online forum closing and upcoming due dates for projects and evaluations.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business and globalization. It discusses how international business differs from domestic business through cross-border and cross-cultural exchanges that introduce additional risks. Reasons for why firms internationalize include seeking growth opportunities and higher profits. While global operations provide strategic benefits, effectively managing complexity across diverse markets can introduce a "globalization penalty" if firms struggle to adapt. Risk mitigation has become a top priority for multinational enterprises.
1. Scaale is a venture resource group that applies global context to companies through sales, capital, and talent. It has over 200 professionals with 30 years of experience helping companies with IPOs, M&A, fundraising, and international growth.
2. The document discusses listing a company on the Spanish MAB (Alternative Investment Market) as an efficient way to gain visibility, funding, and an exit compared to other options like venture capital or traditional banking. Some benefits highlighted are lower costs, the potential for growth in Spain and Latin America, and a proven track record.
3. Managing a company listed on the MAB from the US is possible
This document summarizes a presentation by Frank Berger of Corum Group on M&A recommendations. The presentation discusses when the time is right for a company to start an M&A project, focusing on factors like personal needs, market conditions, and the situation of the company. It also outlines the M&A process, including preparation, contacting potential buyers, negotiations, and closing. Biggest mistakes are identified as only contacting one buyer, lack of leverage, hiding issues, and not qualifying buyers properly. Corum Group is introduced as an international M&A consultant that has completed over 200 transactions totaling $6 billion.
The SMEs Entry Strategy and WTO Implication. This slides trying to analyze the market enter strategy, especially from developing country to developed country
Import: Import refers to the process of bringing goods or services into a country from another country. When a country purchases products or services from overseas suppliers or other nations, it is engaging in import activities.
Export, on the other hand, refers to the process of selling goods or services produced within a country to other countries. When a company or individual sells products or services to international markets, they are engaged in export activities. Exports can range from agricultural produce and manufactured goods to specialized services, software, or intellectual property.
This document provides information for a group presentation on international business. It discusses the objectives of the presentation and tutorial program. It provides topics for the group presentation on regional economic integration and the implications of a single currency in the EU. It defines key terms in foreign exchange and the implications of exchange rate movements for managers of international businesses. It includes sample questions that could be addressed and links to relevant videos.
Management accountants play an important role in helping multinational companies navigate the complex international environment. They must consider factors like foreign currency exchange rates, differences in credit practices and legal/cultural environments between countries. Companies can be involved in international trade at various levels, from importing/exporting to wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures. Management accountants help companies manage risks from currency fluctuations using techniques like hedging and forward contracts. Multinational companies often decentralize decision-making to allow local managers to respond quickly considering local conditions and language differences. Performance evaluation in multinational companies must account for various environmental factors and cultural differences. Transfer pricing strategies can also impact a company's international tax burden. Management accountants must
Carrefour is the largest retailer in Europe and second largest globally. It operates over 15,600 stores across 34 countries using various formats like hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, and hard discount stores. Carrefour sees opportunities for growth in emerging markets like Asia and focuses on China, India, and Indonesia. While hypermarkets require large initial investments, they provide a wide product range under one roof. However, their success depends on carefully considering diverse business environments. This paper analyzes challenges faced by Carrefour due to diversity in Asia, focusing on China, India, and Indonesia.
Scott Strain, UKTI's Trade Director for Australasia was joined by Dianne Tipping, Chairman of Export Council of Australia to give hints and tips to British companies looking to export to Australia.
A multinational corporation (MNC) is defined as a company that controls production facilities in more than one country through foreign direct investment. MNCs are defined based on their size, structure, behavior, and performance. There are currently 889,416 MNCs worldwide, with the top 100 MNCs having combined sales of nearly $8.5 trillion. MNCs must respect national sovereignty and human rights, adhere to host country laws, and not engage in corrupt practices.
This document discusses the key steps for launching a high technology venture, including screening technologies, preparing strategy and positioning, determining capital needs, building a management team, and implementing the launch framework. It emphasizes identifying market opportunities and technological feasibility during the screening process, developing a marketing plan including product positioning and pricing, leveraging alliances to reduce costs and risks, and establishing an exit strategy from the start.
This document outlines considerations and steps for selling a business venture. It discusses personal reasons like burnout or health issues, and business reasons like needing capital or new competition. Key steps include determining the company's valuation based on finances and strategic value, identifying the best buyer candidates like competitors or financial buyers, and choosing the best tax method like stock-for-stock. It also recommends keeping finances and projections updated, maintaining the business well to attract buyers, and allowing up to a year for the selling process from identifying candidates to closing the sale.
Globalization major forces is kind of components of global running business o...MengsongNguon
Globalization involves integrating economies and removing barriers between nations. It occurs at both the micro level of individual firms expanding globally and the macro level of integrating entire economies. Globalization creates an environment where capital, trade, technology, and labor can flow freely between countries. It allows companies to access new growth opportunities overseas but also increases competition as foreign firms enter domestic markets. Globalization has led to a more integrated and interdependent world economy.
International business mumbai university solved paper 2008shrund
This document provides information about an international business exam from Mumbai University in 2008. It includes sample exam questions and answers about topics like globalization, reasons for entering international business, and foreign exchange risks and trade barriers.
The first question is about defining globalization and how global organizations emerge to enjoy global leadership. The second question asks why companies enter international business when domestic opportunities exist. The third question requires short notes on foreign exchange risks and trade barriers. Sample answers are provided that discuss topics like stages of becoming a global organization, reasons for internationalization, and types of foreign exchange and trade barriers.
In this revision video we range far and wide on many of the important aspects of globalisation including:
Explain what is meant by globalisation
Explain the characteristics of globalisation
Explain the causes of globalisation / factors contributing to globalisation
Evaluate the impact of globalisation and global companies on individual countries, governments, producers and consumers, workers and the environment
Evaluate the impact of the performance of emerging economies on other economies.
Explain how the pattern of global trade has changed over time
Evaluate comparative advantage as an explanation of global trade patterns
Explain how countries achieve international competitiveness
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to globalization including:
1) The forces driving globalization such as falling trade barriers, technological innovation, and advances in transportation.
2) The debates surrounding globalization's impact on jobs, wages, income inequality, culture, sovereignty, and the environment.
3) The different elements that comprise the global business environment: forces of globalization, the international business environment, national business environments, and international firm management.
OCR F585 Economics - Extract 1 - Globalisation and Tradetutor2u
Globalization is a process of increasing economic integration between countries through trade and financial flows. It has led to rising trade as a percentage of GDP for most countries as global supply chains have developed. Smaller and poorer countries like Malawi have seen particularly large increases in trade as a share of their economy, reflecting their specialization in just a few primary exports and dependence on imports. While globalization can boost growth, it also exposes smaller economies to volatility from global markets.
The document discusses the rise of global corporations and their strategies and operations. It provides background on globalization and how it has led companies to formulate global strategies. It then discusses three key aspects of global corporations: 1) their operational decisions around procurement, production, and delivery; 2) the strategies they use around location of facilities, production characteristics, and goods vs services; 3) the major concerns of global managers around these operational areas.
The given PPT consist of the details about Globalisation,international business and international marketing along with the difference between TNC's & MNC's
Chapter 1 Overview of International Business.pptxZoeyChang7
International business involves commercial transactions across national borders. It includes trade, investments, and business activities performed by multinational enterprises, small and medium enterprises, and born global firms. There are various risks associated with international business such as cultural, political, financial, and commercial risks. Globalization and factors like advancing technology, liberalizing trade policies, and increasing competition have contributed to the rapid growth of international business activities in recent decades.
Globalization allows companies and countries to optimize resources globally and cater to global
customers. Toyota is provided as an example of a highly globalized company, with one-third of its global
output coming from affiliates in 25 countries. Key indicators of globalization for a company include the
international dispersion of sales, assets, intra-firm trade, and technology flows. Globalization for
companies normally occurs through six stages - from initially establishing a presence in one overseas
market to eventually emerging as a truly global enterprise with global production, investments, and
brand.
The document provides information on midterm exam results and questions for two classes. It summarizes the average scores on Midterm #2 for Class 01 as 38/60 and Class 02 as 40/60. It then provides details on question #48 and reviews concepts related to brand extension, top valuable brands, product line extension versus trading up/down, and supply chain extension. Finally, it provides reminders about the online forum closing and upcoming due dates for projects and evaluations.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international business and globalization. It discusses how international business differs from domestic business through cross-border and cross-cultural exchanges that introduce additional risks. Reasons for why firms internationalize include seeking growth opportunities and higher profits. While global operations provide strategic benefits, effectively managing complexity across diverse markets can introduce a "globalization penalty" if firms struggle to adapt. Risk mitigation has become a top priority for multinational enterprises.
1. Scaale is a venture resource group that applies global context to companies through sales, capital, and talent. It has over 200 professionals with 30 years of experience helping companies with IPOs, M&A, fundraising, and international growth.
2. The document discusses listing a company on the Spanish MAB (Alternative Investment Market) as an efficient way to gain visibility, funding, and an exit compared to other options like venture capital or traditional banking. Some benefits highlighted are lower costs, the potential for growth in Spain and Latin America, and a proven track record.
3. Managing a company listed on the MAB from the US is possible
This document summarizes a presentation by Frank Berger of Corum Group on M&A recommendations. The presentation discusses when the time is right for a company to start an M&A project, focusing on factors like personal needs, market conditions, and the situation of the company. It also outlines the M&A process, including preparation, contacting potential buyers, negotiations, and closing. Biggest mistakes are identified as only contacting one buyer, lack of leverage, hiding issues, and not qualifying buyers properly. Corum Group is introduced as an international M&A consultant that has completed over 200 transactions totaling $6 billion.
The SMEs Entry Strategy and WTO Implication. This slides trying to analyze the market enter strategy, especially from developing country to developed country
Import: Import refers to the process of bringing goods or services into a country from another country. When a country purchases products or services from overseas suppliers or other nations, it is engaging in import activities.
Export, on the other hand, refers to the process of selling goods or services produced within a country to other countries. When a company or individual sells products or services to international markets, they are engaged in export activities. Exports can range from agricultural produce and manufactured goods to specialized services, software, or intellectual property.
This document provides information for a group presentation on international business. It discusses the objectives of the presentation and tutorial program. It provides topics for the group presentation on regional economic integration and the implications of a single currency in the EU. It defines key terms in foreign exchange and the implications of exchange rate movements for managers of international businesses. It includes sample questions that could be addressed and links to relevant videos.
Management accountants play an important role in helping multinational companies navigate the complex international environment. They must consider factors like foreign currency exchange rates, differences in credit practices and legal/cultural environments between countries. Companies can be involved in international trade at various levels, from importing/exporting to wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures. Management accountants help companies manage risks from currency fluctuations using techniques like hedging and forward contracts. Multinational companies often decentralize decision-making to allow local managers to respond quickly considering local conditions and language differences. Performance evaluation in multinational companies must account for various environmental factors and cultural differences. Transfer pricing strategies can also impact a company's international tax burden. Management accountants must
Carrefour is the largest retailer in Europe and second largest globally. It operates over 15,600 stores across 34 countries using various formats like hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, and hard discount stores. Carrefour sees opportunities for growth in emerging markets like Asia and focuses on China, India, and Indonesia. While hypermarkets require large initial investments, they provide a wide product range under one roof. However, their success depends on carefully considering diverse business environments. This paper analyzes challenges faced by Carrefour due to diversity in Asia, focusing on China, India, and Indonesia.
Scott Strain, UKTI's Trade Director for Australasia was joined by Dianne Tipping, Chairman of Export Council of Australia to give hints and tips to British companies looking to export to Australia.
A multinational corporation (MNC) is defined as a company that controls production facilities in more than one country through foreign direct investment. MNCs are defined based on their size, structure, behavior, and performance. There are currently 889,416 MNCs worldwide, with the top 100 MNCs having combined sales of nearly $8.5 trillion. MNCs must respect national sovereignty and human rights, adhere to host country laws, and not engage in corrupt practices.
Similar to Introduction international business (20)
This document discusses the key steps for launching a high technology venture, including screening technologies, preparing strategy and positioning, determining capital needs, building a management team, and implementing the launch framework. It emphasizes identifying market opportunities and technological feasibility during the screening process, developing a marketing plan including product positioning and pricing, leveraging alliances to reduce costs and risks, and establishing an exit strategy from the start.
This document outlines considerations and steps for selling a business venture. It discusses personal reasons like burnout or health issues, and business reasons like needing capital or new competition. Key steps include determining the company's valuation based on finances and strategic value, identifying the best buyer candidates like competitors or financial buyers, and choosing the best tax method like stock-for-stock. It also recommends keeping finances and projections updated, maintaining the business well to attract buyers, and allowing up to a year for the selling process from identifying candidates to closing the sale.
Buying an existing business or turnaround business and opening franchises are two options for entrepreneurship. When buying an existing business, advantages include an established business, lower costs, and established policies, while disadvantages include negative seller motivation and key employee losses. Evaluating a turnaround business requires analyzing assets, operations, and the business environment. Guidelines for purchasing turnarounds include establishing a clear market/product, determining profit margins, achieving sales, implementing financial controls, and analyzing statements. Franchising provides advantages like a proven product and business plan but also has disadvantages like restrictions and high startup expenses. Proper evaluation of the franchiser and an understanding of franchise fees are important.
This document discusses key financial documents and concepts for businesses: the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, financial projections, budgets, forecasts, and break-even analysis. It explains how to calculate and use ratios from the balance sheet to analyze a company's financial health. Preparing budgets, forecasts, and break-even analysis can help entrepreneurs understand their business's financial requirements and determine if a certain output level will be profitable.
This document discusses key components of developing an e-business strategy, including crafting a customer strategy to acquire and retain customers, and understanding their needs. It also discusses enterprise resource planning (ERP) to gather information across business units, supply chain management (SCM) and examples of Dell and Walmart's SCM strategies, customer relationship management (CRM) to grow revenue and provide excellent service, and e-procurement to automate ordering.
The document discusses building an organization for growth and outlines the entrepreneurial stages of a startup. It describes setting up a chief executive officer and board of directors to oversee management, strategic planning, major investments, policy, compliance, and financing. A board of advisors is also recommended to provide support through advice and networking. The stages include generating an idea, confirming viability, preparing a business plan, hiring a management team, seeking seed capital, additional capital, product launch, working capital raises, and potential merger or IPO. Risks include lack of realism, leaks, lack of funding or capital, competition, running out of money, poor market acceptance, and counteroffers.
This document discusses intellectual property and provides guidance on developing, managing, protecting, and exploiting intellectual property. It covers various types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. It also discusses best practices for commercializing intellectual property, obtaining patents, protecting intellectual property on the internet, and legal considerations around intellectual property.
This document discusses various methods for obtaining growth funding for a business, including venture capital and private equity investment. It covers the venture capital process, evaluating and valuing a venture, and preparing presentations for investors. Key valuation methods include earnings valuation using price-earnings multiples and discounted cash flow valuation. The document provides guidelines on determining a company's value, selecting an appropriate valuation approach, and targeting the right investors.
This document discusses early stage funding sources for entrepreneurs, including personal funding through self-funding, moonlighting, or bootstrapping. It also covers angel financing, funding from friends and family, bank loans, programs from the Small Business Administration (SBA) like SBA loans and the SBIR program, small business investment companies, state development programs, and sources for finding investors like angel networks, venture capital firms, and investor directories. The most common sources of startup capital cited are personal savings, family, and bank loans.
This document discusses various aspects of setting up different types of business entities, including sole proprietorships, C corporations, S corporations, partnerships, and limited liability companies. It provides an overview of the key characteristics and considerations for each structure, such as liability, taxation, governance, and legal agreements. The document emphasizes choosing a structure based on the business goals and considering an LLC or S corporation for smaller businesses, and a C corporation if planning to raise capital or go public.
This document provides guidance on preparing an effective business plan by outlining each section and what they should contain. The sections include an executive summary, business description, market analysis, management team, operations, critical risks, and financial projections. The executive summary should capture investor interest with a 2-3 page overview of the business idea. The business description provides details on the company, product, and strategy. The market analysis demonstrates how the company will capture market share. The financial projections must convince investors the venture is financially viable.
This document provides an overview of how to analyze markets, customers, and competition when starting a new business. It discusses identifying niche markets, conducting market segmentation, evaluating competitors, developing a pricing plan, and positioning products or services. Key aspects covered include defining target customer segments, conducting competitive analyses, assessing strengths/weaknesses, and determining appropriate pricing strategies. The document provides questions to consider and sample evaluations for each step of the market analysis and planning process.
This document outlines how to evaluate new business opportunities through analyzing factors that create opportunities, identifying opportunity costs, and developing a framework to assess opportunities. It discusses preparing an opportunity analysis by asking evaluation questions, researching factors like technology and markets that influence opportunities, and determining where ideas originate. The document also provides guidance on conducting primary and secondary market research, identifying necessary resources, and evaluating financing alternatives.
The document outlines the entrepreneurial process, which consists of 6 steps: 1) identify an opportunity, 2) develop the concept and write a business plan, 3) determine required resources, 4) acquire financing/partners, 5) implement and manage, and 6) harvest the venture through exiting or expanding. It emphasizes identifying opportunities through changing demographics, technologies, regulations and developing a business plan to acquire necessary financing, expertise, distribution channels to implement a new product, service, or process. The entrepreneurial mindset involves constantly seeking opportunities for change and pursuing the best opportunities with discipline and engagement.
This document discusses bailment and pledge under Indian law. It defines bailment as the delivery of goods by one person to another for a specific purpose, to be returned once the purpose is accomplished. The bailor delivers the goods to the bailee. A bailment creates a legal duty for the bailee to take reasonable care of the goods and return them undamaged. A pledge is a type of bailment where goods are delivered as security for a debt; the pledgee can retain or sell the goods if the debt is not repaid. The key differences between bailment and pledge are that in a pledge the goods are delivered as security for a loan rather than for safekeeping or repairs, and the pledgee
This document defines contracts and their different types. A contract is an agreement that is enforceable by law. There must be an offer and acceptance, along with consideration and lawful object. Agreements can be valid and enforceable, voidable at the option of parties, void from the beginning, or unenforceable due to technical defects. Illegal agreements that violate laws are not permitted. Valid contracts contain all essential elements like free consent and create legal obligations between parties.
An offer is a willingness to do or not do something if the other party consents. An offer becomes an agreement when accepted by the offeree. For an offer to be valid it must be definite, clear, communicated, and not revoked before acceptance. Acceptance must be absolute, unconditional, communicated to the offeror, and given within a reasonable time. When these conditions are met, the offer and acceptance form a legally binding agreement.
An agent is a person employed to act on behalf of another person, called the principal. An agency relationship is formed when the principal consents to the agent acting on their behalf. The document outlines various types of agents including general, special, universal, and mercantile agents. It also discusses the duties of agents, which include following the principal's directions, rendering accounts, and not making secret profits. The rights of agents include the right to receive remuneration and lien. An agency can be terminated through agreement, revocation, completion of business, expiry of time, or death/insanity of the principal or agent.
- Consideration is something of value that is exchanged between parties in a contractual agreement. It can take the form of an act, abstinence from an act, or a promise. For the agreement to be valid, consideration must move from one party to benefit the other.
- Examples of consideration include payment of money for goods or services, a promise to refrain from certain acts, or mutual promises such as in an agreement to sell a car. Consideration needs to be real, not impossible to fulfill or uncertain.
- For consideration and the object of the agreement to be lawful, it cannot be forbidden by law, defeat legal provisions, involve fraud, injury to people or property, be regarded as immoral, or
This document discusses partnerships under Pakistani law. It defines a partnership as a voluntary association of two or more people who contribute money, property, time or skills to operate a business for profit and share losses. The key points covered include types of partnerships and partners, how partnerships are formed through partnership agreements, characteristics like unlimited liability and mutual agency between partners, and ways partnerships can dissolve.
The Most Inspiring Entrepreneurs to Follow in 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
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2. Sr. Chapter Chapter Heading
No.No.
1. 3 Understanding the Global context of business (031012)
2. 4 Conducting Business Ethically and Responsibly
3. 6 Organizing the Business Enterprise
4. 7 Understanding Entrepreneurship and Small Business
5. 8 Managing Human Resources
6. 9 Understanding Employee Motivating, Satisfying and Leadership
7. 11 Understanding Marketing Processes and Consumer Behavior
8. 16 Managing Quality and Productivity
9. 17 Managing Information Systems and Communication Technology
10. 19 Understanding Money and Banking
11. 20 Intermediate Term and Lease Financing
3. Marks Distribution
50 Terminal Examination
20 Mid Term Examination
15 Quizzes
15 Final Assignment
3
4. “We are in the midst of a
great transition from narrow
nationalism to international
partnership.”
~ Lyndon Baines Johnson
5. Chapter Review
Discuss the rise of international business,
describe the major world marketplaces.
Explain how competitive advantage, import-
export balances, exchange rates, and foreign
competition shape international business
strategies.
6. Chapter Review
Discuss what factors influence whether a
company should engage in international business.
Identify different levels of international
involvement and international organizational
structure.
Describe key barriers to international trade.
7. Key Topics
The rise of global business
Major world marketplaces and trading
partners
Influences on international business
International business management
The impact of differences among
nations
8. Definitions
Quota: restriction on the number of certain type
of product that can be imported into a country.
Embargo: complete ban on imports and exports,
imposed by a government for political reasons.
Tariff: tax levied on imported products.
Subsidy: government payments to help a
domestic business compete with foreign firms.
Protectionism: the practice of protecting
domestic business against foreign competition.
9. Definitions
Gross domestic product (GDP) is one the primary indicators used to
gauge the health of a country's economy. It represents the total dollar
value of all goods and services produced over a specific time period
Or
The monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within
a country's borders in a specific time period, though GDP is usually
calculated on an annual basis. It includes all of private and
public consumption, government outlays, investments and exports less
imports that occur within a defined territory.
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income
within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is
calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the
aggregate (such as GDP or Gross National Income) and dividing it by
the total population. It does not attempt to reflect the distribution of
income or wealth
9
10. 1. The key drivers to globalization
Global
market
Drivers: Convergence
Similar customer needs,
Global customers, Transferable marketing
Trade policies, Technical Scale economies,
GovernmentStandards, host government, Global Sourcing efficiencies Cost
Influence policies Strategies Countries costs,
Advantages
High product development costs
Interdependence, Competitors global
High exports/imports,
Global
Competition
11. a. Globalization Is Gaining Speed
The world economy is
becoming a single,
interdependent system
Export:
Domestic product sold
abroad
Import:
Foreign product sold
domestically
12. b. Globalization Is Gaining
Speed
Example: Asian financial markets in the
late 90s directly affects stock markets
worldwide.
Discussion: what product from other
countries do you useconsume? Why
have you chosen it?
13. c. Categorizing Economies
High Income Countries:
Per capita income greater than $9,386
Middle Income Countries:
Per capita income between $765 and $9,386
Low Income Countries:
Per capita income of less than $765
Discussion: what countries fall into each category?
14. d. Major World Marketplaces
North America NAFTA
Europe EU
Pacific Asia
Do we have any economic
agreement with other
countries. What are they?
18. Pacific Asia Represents
Enormous Business Potential
Projections for 2010 (in millions)
500
In less than a 450
decade, Asian 400 415 432
language 350
speakers on 300
the web will 250
far exceed 200
English 150
speakers 100
96
50
34
0
English Japanese Chinese Korean
Source: Time Global Business, Nov. 2001
2 - 18
19. 2. Competitive Advantage
Absolute Advantage:
when one country can produce a product cheaper andor higher
quality than any other country. Ex. OPEC
Comparative Advantage:
when one country can produce certain goods or services more
efficiently and effectively than others. Ex. US software
20. Competitive advantages
When competitive advantage is materialized?
When a firm earns persistently higher rate of profit over
its rivals.
Determinants of profit level
1- Value of company products in customers’ eyes.
2- Company production cost.
21. Competitive advantage
It can be created in certain industrial
field, through the adoption of low-cost-
differentiation strategy. M. Porter
22. National Competitive Advantage
Factor conditions
Demand conditions
Related and supporting
industries
Strategies, structures,
and rivalries
23. 3. Import/Export Balances
Balance of Trade
Trade Deficits
Trade Surpluses
Balance of Payments
The total flow of money into or out of an
economy
24. 3a. Exchange Rates
Heavily Impact Global Trade
When an economy’s currency is strong:
Domestic companies find it harder to
export products
Foreign companies find it easier to import
products
Domestic companies may move production
to cheaper sites in foreign countries
Implications for balance of trade?
25. Exchange Rates
Heavily Impact Global Trade
When an economy’s currency is weak:
Domestic companies find it easier to export
products
Foreign companies find it harder to import
products
Foreign companies may invest in
production facilities
Implications for balance of trade?
28. 4. Levels of International Involvement
Importer & Exporter
International Firms
Multinational Firms
29. International Organizational
Structures
HIGH
INVOLVEMENT Foreign Investment
Private capital investment by firms of one country
into those of another.
Strategic Alliances
a relationship between two or more parties to pursue
a set of agreed upon goals or to meet a critical
business need while remaining independent
organizations
Branch Offices
Licensing Arrangements
Independent Agents
LOW
30. 5.Barriers to International Trade
Legal & Political
Social & Cultural Differences
Differences Economic
Differences
31. Take Time to Learn the Culture Thoroughly!
Este es nuestro
nuevo auto: Ha, ha, ha, ha,
el NOVA! ha, ha!!!
32. The Customer’s Language
A Critical Business Success Factor
In the U.S. alone, 18% of the population
does not speak English at home.
Only 48% of the world’s Web users are
native English speakers.
Consumers are four times more likely to
buy a product on the Internet if the
website is in their preferred language.
Source: Time Global Business, Nov. 2001
33. Economic Differences
To operate effectively in another
country, businesses must know when,
and to what extent, the government is
involved in a given industry.
34. Legal & Political Differences
Quotas, Tariffs, & Subsidies
Protectionism
Local Content Laws
Business Practice Laws
Day to day operations
Cartels
Dumping
40. Potentials
Population – 170 million
Growing consumption
Cheap labor
According to approximations, labor in Pakistan is $ 0.36 an
hour; in India, it is $ 0.58 an hour and in China, it is $ 0.70
an hour
Feasible regulatory conditions
As compared to india
Minerals
Coal, Copper, Gold, Silver, Dolomite, Gypsum, Lime stone,
Natural Gas, Iron core, Rock salt, Bauxite, Marble, Gems,
China Clay, Zinc, Lead and Chromite are some of Pakistan’s
potential 40
41. Macro
Potentials
economic
indicators
Large
More jobs scale job
creation
Coal reserves, iron and gems
Agriculture
Pakistan is the 4th largest producer of milk
Increased
manufactu
Improving
purchasin
ring g power
Fruit and agriculture processing
Greater
demand of Lower
good and poverty
services
Greater
consumpti
on
41
42. Snapshot of Sessional marks
Introduction CHAPTER NO 3
NAME COMPANY NO. 4-2-12 11-2-12
Aruba 1 1
Lunba 1 1
Ayesha 1 1
Faria 2 1
Safia Tabassum 2 1
Mashal 3 1
Namreen 3 1
Asma 3 1
Umair Iqbal 4 1
Shiraz Qureshi 4 1
Ismail 4 1
Anus 4 1
Mir 5 1
Saad 5 1
Najeeb Aslam 5 1
M. Ejaz 5 1
42