This document provides an introduction to process safety management. It defines PSM as a regulation under OSHA focused on preventing releases of highly hazardous chemicals. It outlines the key components that must be included in a PSM plan, such as process hazard analysis, operating procedures, emergency response plans, and compliance audits. Employers must meet requirements for each component and conduct audits to verify compliance. Contractors must also be trained on their role in emergency response. Proper scaffolding, ladders, and walking surfaces are outlined to ensure worker safety.

1. Process Safety Management
INTRODUCTION TO PROCESS
SAFETY MANAGEMENT

2. Objectives
• Definition
• Plan components
• Compliance

3. Introduction to Process Safety Management
• Definition
– PSM is a regulation
• Stated in OSHA, 29 CFR 1910.119
• Focused on preventing release of highly hazardous
chemicals
– Does not apply to
• Retail facilities
• Oil or gas well drilling or servicing operations
• Normally unoccupied remote facilities
• Hydrocarbon fuels used solely for workplace fuel
• Stored flammable liquids
– Not connected to a process
– Below boiling point without refrigeration or chilling

4. Introduction to Process Safety Management
Plan Components
• Employee participation
• Process safety
information
• Process hazard analysis
• Operating procedures
• Contractors
• Pre-startup safety review
• Mechanical integrity
• Hot work permits
• Management of change
• Incident investigation
• Emergency planning and
response
• Compliance audits
• Trade secrets

5. Introduction to Process Safety Management
Compliance
– Employee participation
• Employers are to consult with employees about
hazards
• Employers are to train and inform employees of
hazards
– Employers must meet requirements for
each plan component
– Audits
• Used to verify compliance
• Includes evaluation of PSM system and field
inspections

6. EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PLANS

7. Objectives
• Common variations
• Evacuation
• Role of contractors

8. Emergency Response Plans
• Common variations
– Details of plans vary considerably
– Hazards are often unique to a facility
– Alarm and activation systems vary
– Know how to get help

9. Emergency Response Plans
• Evacuation
– Know evacuation routes
– Know assembly points
– Keep wind direction in mind at all times
• Move crosswind and the upwind
– Evacuation from offshore may require special
equipment
– Shelter-in-place
• Don emergency PPE
• Go to closest safe haven
• Check in for accountability
• Stay there until notified to leave

10. Emergency Response Plans
• Role of contractors
– Assist only if you have proper training
– Do not jeopardize your personal safety
– Know if you have specific duties
• Use of special PPE
• Activation or shutdown of equipment

11. PERSONAL EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
PLAN

12. Objectives
• Mental emergency plan
• Incident response

13. Personal Emergency Response Plan
• Mental emergency plan
– Before you begin work in a new area, locate
the nearest:
• Fire extinguisher
• Eyewash station
• Emergency exit
• Emergency shower
• Unless you have been assigned special
duties your primary responsibility is selfrescue!

14. Personal Emergency Response Plan
• Incident response
– Know how to respond to
• Catastrophic events
• Minor first aid events
– Make a plan for your home

15. Walking Working Surfaces
INTRODUCTION

16. Objectives
• Housekeeping
• General requirements
• Types of equipment

17. Introduction
• Types of equipment
– Ladders
• Used to access elevated or lower areas
• Can be portable or fixed
• Compose of side rails and rungs with no riser
– Scaffolding
• Primarily designed as work platforms
• Must be properly designed
• Must be inspected by qualified person
– Stairways
• Primarily used to access higher or lower levels of a structure
• Composed of steps, landings, risers and handrails

18. Walking Working Surfaces
LADDERS

19. Objectives
• Before using a ladder
• Safety precautions
• Extension ladders
• Fixed ladders
• Job-made ladders

20. Ladders
• Before using a ladder
– Select the Appropriate Equipment
• Self-supporting
• Non-supporting
– Inspect Before Using
• Footing
• Rungs or steps
• Side rails
• Hinges
• Spreaders
– Know rules for safe use

21. Ladders
• Safety precautions
– Get permission to perform elevated work
– Wear appropriate clothing and footwear
– Ensure hands are free, no tools and
equipment
– Use fall protection, if required
– Properly secure tools
– Place ladder on a firm, level surface
– Never use metal ladders with electrical hazards

22. Ladders
• Extension Ladder Safety
– Clear the Work Area
– Firm, Level Footing
– Extend 3 Feet Past Upper Landing
– Sturdy Upper Support
– Slope 4:1
– Assistant to Stabilize Ladder
– Tie Off Ladder
– Don’t Overreach
– Only One Person at a Time on Ladder

23. Ladders
• Fixed Ladders
– Used where workers frequently visit
– Designed to OSHA specifications
• > 25 feet high must have fall protection devices or
cage
• Rest platforms required every 30 feet
– Before climbing a fixed ladder
• Perform visual inspection
• If damaged
– Attach a warning tag
– Notify supervisor

24. Ladders
• Job-made ladders
– Must conform to OSHA specifications
• Ask supervisor
– For specification
– To inspect for proper construction prior to use

25. Walking Working Surfaces
SCAFFOLDING

26. Objectives
• Construction
• Scaffold components
• Inspection
• Height restrictions

27. Scaffolding
• Construction
– Designed and assembled by qualified personnel
– Components must match – no hybrids
– Foundation must be firm and level
– Risers and braces must be securely fastened
– Ladders or stairways must be provided for
climbing
– If > 4 feet in height, handrails and toeboards
required

28. Scaffolding
• Construction (cont’d)
– If secured to structure
• Must be tied every 30 feet horizontally, 26 feet
vertically
• Structure must be capable of supporting the
load
– If structure cannot support the load
• Guying may be required
• Must be designed by competent engineer

29. Scaffolding
• Scaffolding components
– Scaffold planking
• Made of scaffold grade material
• Covers entire working platform
• Forms a smooth, continuous working surface
• No gaps that would allow tools or materials to fall
through
• Extends 6-18 inches past end supports if wooden
• Does not extend past end supports if metal
planking

30. Scaffolding
• Scaffolding components (cont’d)
– Handrails and toeboards
• Required when scaffold > 10 feet in height
• Must be on all open ends and sides of platform
• Must be equipped with top rail and mid-rail
• Should use fall arrest system in addition
– Tie-off point cannot be part of the scaffold
– Toeboards
• Prevent kicking loose objects off of platform
• Must be at least 4 inches high

31. Scaffolding
• Inspection
– Only qualified person can inspect
• Looking for damage, deterioration, loose parts
– Must be inspected
• Before each work shift
• After any occurrence that could affect structural
integrity
– Competent person must inspect the scaffold
and scaffold components for visible defects.
1926.451(f)(3)

32. Scaffolding
• Height Restrictions
– Free standing scaffold
• Limited to 4 times smallest base dimension
– Registered professional engineers must
design
• > 125 feet in height for fabricated or tube &
coupler
• > 60 feet for pole scaffolds
• Any scaffold moved with people on them

33. THANK YOU