Submit Search
Upload
THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
•
Download as PPTX, PDF
•
24 likes
•
6,940 views
AI-enhanced title
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Follow
This slide about theories that existed in international relations field.
Read less
Read more
Education
Slideshow view
Report
Share
Slideshow view
Report
Share
1 of 18
Download now
Recommended
Theories of International Relations-Introduction
Theories of International Relations-Introduction
Keshab Giri
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
Wathan Lin
Theories of International Relations
Theories of International Relations
Jeffrey Hart
1 introduction to international relations
1 introduction to international relations
Arif Dn
Liberalism in International Relations
Liberalism in International Relations
Thom Gibbs
International Relations: Constructivism pt1
International Relations: Constructivism pt1
Timothy Lim
Liberalism
Liberalism
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Nation State And National Interest
Nation State And National Interest
Anas ali
Recommended
Theories of International Relations-Introduction
Theories of International Relations-Introduction
Keshab Giri
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
Wathan Lin
Theories of International Relations
Theories of International Relations
Jeffrey Hart
1 introduction to international relations
1 introduction to international relations
Arif Dn
Liberalism in International Relations
Liberalism in International Relations
Thom Gibbs
International Relations: Constructivism pt1
International Relations: Constructivism pt1
Timothy Lim
Liberalism
Liberalism
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Nation State And National Interest
Nation State And National Interest
Anas ali
International Political Economy
International Political Economy
brianbelen
03 the main theories in international relations
03 the main theories in international relations
fatima d
The Theory of Constructivism
The Theory of Constructivism
MG Abenio
realism and idealism
realism and idealism
Dildar Ali
Power in ir
Power in ir
rumahbianglala
Foreign policy determinants
Foreign policy determinants
Khan Zeb
Constructivism
Constructivism
Aidar312kg
International Political Economy (Integration)
International Political Economy (Integration)
brianbelen
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
UsmanKaran
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
English school of thought
English school of thought
Setareh Keyhani
The english school
The english school
PhD_Student_110
Liberalism
Liberalism
Abdyzhaparov
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Sedat Yüzücü
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
Yvan Gumbao
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Tallat Satti
Causes of war
Causes of war
andeedalal
Peace of westphalia
Peace of westphalia
Irwan John Imbayan
Realism (Part 2)
Realism (Part 2)
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
John Paul Tabakian
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
John Paul Tabakian
More Related Content
What's hot
International Political Economy
International Political Economy
brianbelen
03 the main theories in international relations
03 the main theories in international relations
fatima d
The Theory of Constructivism
The Theory of Constructivism
MG Abenio
realism and idealism
realism and idealism
Dildar Ali
Power in ir
Power in ir
rumahbianglala
Foreign policy determinants
Foreign policy determinants
Khan Zeb
Constructivism
Constructivism
Aidar312kg
International Political Economy (Integration)
International Political Economy (Integration)
brianbelen
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
UsmanKaran
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
English school of thought
English school of thought
Setareh Keyhani
The english school
The english school
PhD_Student_110
Liberalism
Liberalism
Abdyzhaparov
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Sedat Yüzücü
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
Yvan Gumbao
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Tallat Satti
Causes of war
Causes of war
andeedalal
Peace of westphalia
Peace of westphalia
Irwan John Imbayan
Realism (Part 2)
Realism (Part 2)
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
What's hot
(20)
International Political Economy
International Political Economy
03 the main theories in international relations
03 the main theories in international relations
The Theory of Constructivism
The Theory of Constructivism
realism and idealism
realism and idealism
Power in ir
Power in ir
Foreign policy determinants
Foreign policy determinants
Constructivism
Constructivism
International Political Economy (Integration)
International Political Economy (Integration)
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
Neo-realism & Neo-liberalism
English school of thought
English school of thought
The english school
The english school
Liberalism
Liberalism
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Non-State Actors and Global Governance
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
Polsc6 3 core principles in ir
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Causes of war
Causes of war
Peace of westphalia
Peace of westphalia
Realism (Part 2)
Realism (Part 2)
Similar to THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
John Paul Tabakian
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
John Paul Tabakian
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #3
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #3
John Paul Tabakian
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #2
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #2
John Paul Tabakian
co.pol
co.pol
Giuseppe Mario Saccone
Diss lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences
Diss lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences
Maryjoydailo
diss-lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences-200805022048 (...
diss-lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences-200805022048 (...
AliceRivera13
TheoriesComparative.ppt
TheoriesComparative.ppt
OmGujar3
Pols2powerpoint2 130102145209-phpapp02
Pols2powerpoint2 130102145209-phpapp02
jobarrs
The Sociological Perspective part 1
The Sociological Perspective part 1
MrAguiar
Power and interdependence
Power and interdependence
waqarunisa
DISS REPORT GROUP 6.pptx
DISS REPORT GROUP 6.pptx
LeonaFaelnar
approaches to policy making.pdf
approaches to policy making.pdf
JohnRichCaidic
Approaches to the study of Public Policy.pdf
Approaches to the study of Public Policy.pdf
WAQARULLAHZIA1
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 2
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 2
John Paul Tabakian
New Institutionalism
New Institutionalism
Political Gossiper Inc.
International Relations
International Relations
Tracy Berry
Political Science 2 – Comparative Politics - Power Point #2
Political Science 2 – Comparative Politics - Power Point #2
John Paul Tabakian
Political ideologies lesson 2
Political ideologies lesson 2
Olen Grace Mendoza
Theories Of International Relations
Theories Of International Relations
Jenny Smith
Similar to THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
(20)
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #1
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 1
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #3
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #3
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #2
Political Science 7 – International Relations - Power Point #2
co.pol
co.pol
Diss lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences
Diss lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences
diss-lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences-200805022048 (...
diss-lesson-5-dominant-approaches-and-ideas-in-social-sciences-200805022048 (...
TheoriesComparative.ppt
TheoriesComparative.ppt
Pols2powerpoint2 130102145209-phpapp02
Pols2powerpoint2 130102145209-phpapp02
The Sociological Perspective part 1
The Sociological Perspective part 1
Power and interdependence
Power and interdependence
DISS REPORT GROUP 6.pptx
DISS REPORT GROUP 6.pptx
approaches to policy making.pdf
approaches to policy making.pdf
Approaches to the study of Public Policy.pdf
Approaches to the study of Public Policy.pdf
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 2
Tabakian Pols 7 Fall/Spring 2014 Power 2
New Institutionalism
New Institutionalism
International Relations
International Relations
Political Science 2 – Comparative Politics - Power Point #2
Political Science 2 – Comparative Politics - Power Point #2
Political ideologies lesson 2
Political ideologies lesson 2
Theories Of International Relations
Theories Of International Relations
More from Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AS FOREIGN POLICY OUTPUTS
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AS FOREIGN POLICY OUTPUTS
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS
FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
CHINA FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS JAPAN
CHINA FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS JAPAN
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
WHAT IS PUBLIC DIPLOMACY?
WHAT IS PUBLIC DIPLOMACY?
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Thailand’s Diplomacy:The Way Forward- A Personal View
Thailand’s Diplomacy:The Way Forward- A Personal View
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
NINE TRACKS IN THE MULTI-TRACK SYSTEM
NINE TRACKS IN THE MULTI-TRACK SYSTEM
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Military Role in Thai Politics
Military Role in Thai Politics
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
MALAYSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY
MALAYSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Islamic Diplomacy
Islamic Diplomacy
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
FUNCTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC MISSION
FUNCTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC MISSION
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
DIPLOMATIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS.
DIPLOMATIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS.
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Diplomatic and Consular Law
Diplomatic and Consular Law
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
HOFSTEDE DIMENSION
HOFSTEDE DIMENSION
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Intercultural Negotiation
Intercultural Negotiation
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
Leadership Style
Leadership Style
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
TROMPENAARS DIMENSION : The Seven Dimensions of Culture
TROMPENAARS DIMENSION : The Seven Dimensions of Culture
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
The Decision-Making Process
The Decision-Making Process
Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
More from Muhammad Syukhri Shafee
(20)
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AS FOREIGN POLICY OUTPUTS
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AS FOREIGN POLICY OUTPUTS
FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS
FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS
CHINA FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS JAPAN
CHINA FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS JAPAN
WHAT IS PUBLIC DIPLOMACY?
WHAT IS PUBLIC DIPLOMACY?
Thailand’s Diplomacy:The Way Forward- A Personal View
Thailand’s Diplomacy:The Way Forward- A Personal View
NINE TRACKS IN THE MULTI-TRACK SYSTEM
NINE TRACKS IN THE MULTI-TRACK SYSTEM
Military Role in Thai Politics
Military Role in Thai Politics
MALAYSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY
MALAYSIA'S FOREIGN POLICY
Islamic Diplomacy
Islamic Diplomacy
FUNCTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC MISSION
FUNCTIONS ON DIPLOMATIC MISSION
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY
CULTURAL DIPLOMACY
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY
ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY
DIPLOMATIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS.
DIPLOMATIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS.
Diplomatic and Consular Law
Diplomatic and Consular Law
HOFSTEDE DIMENSION
HOFSTEDE DIMENSION
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Intercultural Negotiation
Intercultural Negotiation
Leadership Style
Leadership Style
TROMPENAARS DIMENSION : The Seven Dimensions of Culture
TROMPENAARS DIMENSION : The Seven Dimensions of Culture
The Decision-Making Process
The Decision-Making Process
Recently uploaded
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
Sayali Powar
call girls in Kamla Market (DELHI) 🔝 >༒9953330565🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in Kamla Market (DELHI) 🔝 >༒9953330565🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
YousafMalik24
Alper Gobel In Media Res Media Component
Alper Gobel In Media Res Media Component
InMediaRes1
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Virag Sontakke
9953330565 Low Rate Call Girls In Rohini Delhi NCR
9953330565 Low Rate Call Girls In Rohini Delhi NCR
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
KSHARA STURA .pptx---KSHARA KARMA THERAPY (CAUSTIC THERAPY)————IMP.OF KSHARA ...
KSHARA STURA .pptx---KSHARA KARMA THERAPY (CAUSTIC THERAPY)————IMP.OF KSHARA ...
M56BOOKSTORE PRODUCT/SERVICE
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
Sarwono Sutikno, Dr.Eng.,CISA,CISSP,CISM,CSX-F
History Class XII Ch. 3 Kinship, Caste and Class (1).pptx
History Class XII Ch. 3 Kinship, Caste and Class (1).pptx
socialsciencegdgrohi
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
CapitolTechU
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
NirmalaLoungPoorunde1
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
JonathanParaisoCruz
internship ppt on smartinternz platform as salesforce developer
internship ppt on smartinternz platform as salesforce developer
unnathinaik
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
nomboosow
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Eyham Joco
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
GaneshChakor2
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
SamikshaHamane
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
manuelaromero2013
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Celine George
Recently uploaded
(20)
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
POINT- BIOCHEMISTRY SEM 2 ENZYMES UNIT 5.pptx
call girls in Kamla Market (DELHI) 🔝 >༒9953330565🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
call girls in Kamla Market (DELHI) 🔝 >༒9953330565🔝 genuine Escort Service 🔝✔️✔️
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Earth Day Presentation wow hello nice great
Alper Gobel In Media Res Media Component
Alper Gobel In Media Res Media Component
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
Painted Grey Ware.pptx, PGW Culture of India
9953330565 Low Rate Call Girls In Rohini Delhi NCR
9953330565 Low Rate Call Girls In Rohini Delhi NCR
KSHARA STURA .pptx---KSHARA KARMA THERAPY (CAUSTIC THERAPY)————IMP.OF KSHARA ...
KSHARA STURA .pptx---KSHARA KARMA THERAPY (CAUSTIC THERAPY)————IMP.OF KSHARA ...
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
History Class XII Ch. 3 Kinship, Caste and Class (1).pptx
History Class XII Ch. 3 Kinship, Caste and Class (1).pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
internship ppt on smartinternz platform as salesforce developer
internship ppt on smartinternz platform as salesforce developer
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
Types of Journalistic Writing Grade 8.pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
CARE OF CHILD IN INCUBATOR..........pptx
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
Roles & Responsibilities in Pharmacovigilance
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD
POLITICS Chapter Two: Theory 1 © Amy Sancetta/AP Photo; page 23 Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
2.
THEORY • An intellectual
construct that predicts or explains the world by offering explanations for law-like regularities – Predictions tend to be generalized (such as the proposition that states will balance powerful actors in the system) rather than specific (that war will break out at a particular point in time) – Theories can point to factors that increase or decrease the probability of certain events. – Theories generate hypotheses about the relationship between variables that can be tested 2Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
3.
HYPOTHESES • A hypothesis
states a causal relationship between variables – Dependent variable – the phenomenon that we seek to explain (i.e. the outbreak of war) – Independent variable – the factors that may be causally related to the dependent variable (the existence of an arms race) – Intervening variables – may affect the relationship between the independent and dependent variable • A hypothesis (i.e. “an arms race between two states leads to war”) should be testable through quantitative or qualitative methods and should be formulated in such a way that it can be proven to be false 3Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
4.
LEVELS OF ANALYSIS •
As a framework for thinking about events in the international system, the levels of analysis divide causal factors into three categories: – Individual – including leaders, advisers, and other individuals in government or the private sector – State/society – public opinion, economic, political, or cultural attributes of the state or society – International system – relationships between states, alliances, organization, distribution of power • The levels of analysis framework helps to organize factors that influence outcomes 4Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
5.
LEVELS OF ANALYSIS 5Copyright
© 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
6.
MAINSTREAM IMAGES • Realism
– focuses on the balance of power among states • Liberalism – considers states as well as individuals and organizations • Economic structuralism – emphasizes material economic factors and class relations • English school – views international society as composed of rules, ideas, and institutions along with power 6Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
7.
ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES • These
approaches question the modernist, positivist, or “scientific” approach to international relations/world politics – Constructivism – emphasizes the importance of ideas and ideational structures in the constitution of our world – Feminism – focuses on gender as key to understanding international relations/world politics – Postmodernism – searches for meaning in language and communication – Critical theory – sees underlying role of power and interest 7Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
8.
REALISM • The international
system is anarchic, meaning that it lacks a “common power” or central authority to enforce peace – States are independent and not subject to any other authority – Human nature draws people into conflict – Anarchy creates a competitive dynamic as states seek power and security – The acquisition of power by states tends to create equilibrium within the international system 8Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
9.
LIBERALISM • World politics
includes many different types of actors who are interconnected – Within the international system, states can cooperate with one another despite the existence of anarchy – Liberalism takes an inclusive approach that includes states as well as other actors like individuals and organizations – International institutions are important actors in their own right, beyond just providing a venue in which states can interact 9Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
10.
ECONOMIC STRUCTURALISM • The
nature of world politics is shaped by the global economic context, including economic and material structures – Important actors include economic classes or blocs of states defined by their economic position in the global economy – States belong to either the economically developed “core,” the “periphery” of poor states, or the in-between class of the “semi- periphery.” – The capitalist economic system acts as a constraint on all states, whether their domestic economies are capitalist or not 10Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
11.
THE ENGLISH SCHOOL •
State and non-state actors form an international society, ordered by both power and norms – The emphasis on international society underscores the human dimension of international relations, in contrast to other images that treat the system as functioning in a mechanistic fashion – The English School perspective on international relations is compatible with the emergence of a global civil society 11Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
12.
WORLD VIEW –
INTERPRETIVE APPROACHES • Interpretive approaches to international relations/world politics question the scientific assumptions made by the four mainstream images. Where the mainstream images strive for objective knowledge about the world, the interpretive approaches question the possibility of objectivity and incorporate subjective elements into their approaches 12Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
13.
CONSTRUCTIVISM • Challenges realists
and liberals on their conceptions of the state and state interests, arguing that both are constructed and subject to change – As subjects, humans develop ideas, including knowledge of the world around them – Ideas that become widely accepted function as ideational structures that affect state actions – “Agents” shape their social context, which in turn shapes their behaviors, interests, and identities 13Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
14.
FEMINISM • Focuses on
the overlooked perspective of gender, with a particular commitment to the achievement of gender equality – Gender categories of masculine and feminine are defined in opposition to one another, making gender important to both women and men – Because gender and its effects are pervasive, feminist scholars argue that gender has important – if often overlooked – effects for states and other actors in the international system 14Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
15.
CRITICAL THEORY AND POSTMODERNISM •
These approaches take issue with modernism/positivism for their attempts to (1) separate facts and values, (2) define an operationalize concepts into measurable values, and (3) test hypotheses drawn from theories – Postmodernists seek to find and deconstruct subtext and meaning embedded in language – Critical theorists want to expose power relationships that underlie world orders, particularly in cases where ideology holds itself out as science 15Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
16.
ANSWERING THE CHALLENGES •
Supporters of modernism or positivism suggest that postmodernists misrepresent science, which subjects all truth claims to rigorous tests • Interpretivist approaches do promote greater epistemological sensitivity 16Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
17.
NORMATIVE THEORY • In
contrast to mainstream approaches, which seek to explain “what is,” normative theory is concerned with what “should be.” – Normative theory seeks to provide guidelines for policymakers and others – Normative theories address a range of issues, including war, poverty, and human rights – Sense of intellectual inadequacy, or humility, fuels the concern with international ethics 17Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
18.
CONCLUSION • Theory provides
a way to systematically engage reality, or some component of reality, by asking key questions, observing patterns, and noting anomalies 18Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download now