Intelligent mobility presentation
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A presentation on how intelligent mobility could overcome or create transport related challenges for older people and those with disabilities.
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Intelligent mobility presentation
- 1. 24 January 2018 Prepared for Midlands Intelligent Mobility Conference Inclusive design for mobility. Considering the needs of older users
- 2. 1. Intelligent mobility 2. Some macro trends around older users 3. A survey we conducted of older travellers in the UK 1. Transport modes used 2. Current challenges faced 4. Solve for older users, fix for disability - does this work? 5. Designing mobility solutions with universal benefits Contents
- 3. open inclusion @openforaccess We provide: • User insights from disabled & older people • Authentic and expert audits • Innovation and universal design thinking • Inclusion solutions, tools and training • Governance support and value analysis Open Inclusion an accessibility and innovation consultancy
- 4. We identify and remove hurdles between customer and product or service providers so that both can achieve to the fullest of their ambitions. Open’s essence
- 5. We have a user panel of +350 people who - Have sensory impairments - Have mobility/dexterity impairments - Are cognitively diverse - Have complex (mixed) conditions - Are over 65 years old We do mainly qualitative user research, both behavioral and attitudinal. In physical, digital and hybrid environments. Guidelines are not sufficient guides Ask your users. Gain real insights Authentic insight
- 9. 4 macro trends that make designing for older users very relevant
- 10. % of the UK population over 65 years old % of the UK population over 85 years old Source: ONS 2017 1/ We are getting older as a society
- 11. 2/ Older people are increasingly choosing to live in rural areas
- 12. Source: FRS 2015/16 Percentage of each age category who have at least one impairment that would be classed as a disability (EA) By gender and age 3/ As we age we incur impairments at an increasing rate
- 13. 4/ Technology is making adaptive solutions more pervasive, cheaper and easier
- 14. We ran an online survey from our panel Survey conducted: January 2018 Participants: n = 16 Ages: 66 to 92 Based across the UK Rural/village, town and urban If in doubt - ask How do older people travel? What do they want?
- 15. Stated impairments 56% mobility 25% vision 25% hearing 25% dexterity 6% speech 6% memory What specific inclusion needs were most relevant?
- 16. Modes of transport 75% Driven by friends/family 63% Caught a local train 63% Walk (<1 mile) 56% Urban bus 56% Regional train 56% Taxi 50% Drive own car 44% Regional / national bus 44% Underground 25% Walk (>1 mile) How do older people travel? What modes do they use?
- 17. People age very differently - confidence, social interactions, attitudes and ability to see, hear, think, react etc. Older people are not a single demographic group
- 18. Participant 2 Most frequent to least 1. am driven by family 2. regional train 3. public urban bus 4. local train 5. regional bus 6. private hire vehicle 7. taxi Participant 1 Most frequent to least 1. walk (< 1 mile) 2. cycle 3. walk (>1 mile) 4. public bus 5. local train 6. regional train 7. London underground 8. aeroplane When arranging transport modes by regularity There were major usage differences across the surveyed group
- 19. Public transport - current barriers Category Cannot walk to public transport Mobility Putting mobility scooter on public transport. Mobility Lack of buses locally and non lowered curbs. Mobility The train station is 1.5 miles away and Victorian, so I cannot get across to the other platform. There is no lift. Mobility High step or gap to get on train or coach Mobility Railway stations that have stairs and no lift. Mobility Pushchairs who cannot or will not fold for me to access the wheelchair bay Mobility Buses are overcrowded. Standing involves risk of falling Mobility Holding on when moving Mobility
- 20. Public transport - current barriers Category Limited car parking Multiple Taxis refusing assistance dogs Multiple It is increasingly difficult to press the correct buttons to purchase a ticket from a machine due to my hand tremor. I prefer to buy tickets from station staff, if available Dexterity Announcements in audible form Hearing Read bus numbers from a distance Vision Identification of the bus route numbers Vision Finding the right bus or train at a stop or station Vision/ Cognitive Access barriers older travellers face Public transport - sensory, dexterity, cognitive
- 21. Private transport - current barriers Category Getting walker/scooter out of car because of weight. Mobility My left leg does not bend much, so any car has to have wide opening doors and needs to be high, for me to get in and out. Mobility Some cars are too high or low to get into or out of, need to open door fully to get in and out. Some parking spaces are too narrow. Mobility Accessible parking and space at the side of car to get out. Some accessible spaces do not have the hash markings on both sides. Also some on road parking not having enough room to open tailgate to get scooter in and out. Mobility No disabled bay or all bays already filled. Mobility Cannot take static chair in car so only accept lift if close enough to walk Mobility
- 22. Private transport - current barriers Category When they [taxi company] calls me on my mobile Hearing Shutting the door and putting my seatbelt on Dexterity Access barriers older travellers face Private - hearing and dexterity
- 23. Walking or cycling - current barriers Category Increasing immobility as hip and knee joints stiffen and become painful when walking. Mobility Pain, unable to walk more than a few metres, I use a rollator around the house as I hate to think I might be stuck in the chair forever. Mobility/ Pain Pain, and stiffness of my joints walking especially on uneven ground, gravel etc. Mobility/ Pain Uneven pavements Mobility Shared space, overgrown hedges, general clutter such as street furniture Mobility Obstacles such as cars on pavements, wheely bins etc Mobility Access barriers older travellers face Walking and cycling - mobility
- 24. Access to friends/family, shops, work (paid and voluntary), healthcare providers, entertainment and other daily living needs that provides: • Independence • Safety • Communication and physical design adapted to their needs • Time efficiency (duration, regularity and reliability) • Cost efficiency Not too many new things to learn. Simplicity or consistency. Although “discovering” new challenges and technologies can be a pleasure too. What older users want
- 25. Awareness and adoption of autonomous transport
- 26. We spend a lot of time designing the bridge, but not enough time thinking about the people who are crossing it” Dr. Prabhjot Singh Director of Systems Design Earth Institute “ These challenges provide the seeds for innovation and great inclusive design
- 27. Therefore solving for older travellers needs requires good inclusive design that will also support the needs of younger people with a disability or temporary access needs Older people have a higher propensity to incur impairments and co-morbidities • mobility / dexterity • hearing • sight • memory • other cognitive decline Good solutions for older transport users, may by default solve access needs for disabled passengers
- 28. Older people with access needs Identify as “just getting older” May adapt slowly working around the access need rather than directly addressing it Use adaptive technology and simple universal design “hacks” Younger people with access needs Identify as disabled or Deaf or CP etc Are more likely to directly address the access need. e.g. get a hearing aid, learn braille, BSL, use advanced assistive technology Become part of a community of people with similar access needs A few main difference exist between older and younger people with access needs
- 29. Greater digital adoption and skills Have higher education levels Question and challenge more Are working later in life Greater economic resources Higher service expectations Travel more and more adventurously Have better overall health for longer Are living longer The “new” old
- 30. Good insight: user research, measures and analysis Effective government policy: leading to budget decisions, standards and legislation Good public infrastructure Simple, effective design principles So what is needed - the broader framework
- 31. Design for ease of learning Consider ease of use including access, egress and in motion Consider full needs of end-to-end solutions Use real-time data such as seat availability and schedules to reduce uncertainty Provide multi-modal communication Create / maintain urban spaces that are safe people who have reduced mobility Design solutions that cater for multiple co-existing impairments Recognise emotional as well as functional needs So what does this mean for inclusive design principles for creators of smart mobility solutions?
- 32. “When we design for disability first, we often stumble upon solutions that are not only inclusive but also are often better than when we design for the Elise Roy US Attorney and inclusive design advocate “ Understanding and designing for the needs older and disabled users will catalyse more innovative solutions
Editor's Notes
- How intelligent mobility could overcome or create transport related challenges for older people and those with disabilities This image is a German tricycle especially adapted for older cyclists
- Hi I am Christine. I am the Founder and Managing Director of Open Inclusion We are a business that specialises in: - identifying gaps that exclude or frustrate a proportion of customers or employees designing or improving products, services and environments to ensure that there are as few barriers as possible We do this through user testing, audits, inclusive design including co-creation, technical solutions, business tools, role-based training and skills and executive management support
- Essentially , we …
- Our “killer app” or unfair and unreplacable competitive advantage is our user panel. We have a panel of over 350 people across the UK who are older, have impairments or are “just getting older” This panel has been carefully built up over nearly 2 decades to reflect a very broad range of demographics, attitudes, backgrounds, adaption approaches and of course impairments both in type & severity. It predates our business as we acquired it 2 years ago I will share some insights from a transport survey we conducted with members of our panel who are over 65 shortly Thankfully, with a panel like ours I don’t need to be an expert, I just need to be an expert at asking others, listening to what they tell me and spotting the interesting bits and patterns.
- Cool, environmentally friendly, healthy and fun Doc from Back to the Future 2 - with his Huvr Board created in 1989 and supposedly available for teenagers to chase each other down the streets in the world of 2015
- Dystopian, chaotic, stressful and environmentally disastrous but gets everywhere where they want in a busy crowded world This is from the first Total Recall from 2012
- In fact this is it as at today – and possibly more broadly used in the near future. An early real example of what intelligent mobility looks like This is robotaxi from Masdar City in the UAE. Part of a fleet of 10 autonomous taxis servicing 25,000 people per month - but for now operating on a closed to traffic, prescribed routes so without the usual risks and complexities faced by a London black cabbie The future of mobility may be less scary than Total Recall but feel less cool than Back to The Future however it will still help to solve a number of very key issues for both users and society, including ease of use, comfort and enjoyment in use, inclusive design - more broadly shared benefits, environmentally friendly, fast and safe. Intelligent is a comparative concept. It is more informed or capable than now as a result of data access, analysis and usage for decisions. It could come in small almost imperceivable changes, like park assist as an option for reverse parking on a narrow street or emergency brake assist reducing your ability to go into a skid while maximising the braking effect Or it could have moments where quite transformative steps change things in a way we can’t quite predict and plan for, like the launch of the iPhone in 2007 triggered a transformation in personal digital interactions, products and expectations
- Intelligent is a comparative concept - more informed or capable than now as a result of data access or usage. Combination of humans (needs, preferences and solutions) and technology (data capture, analytics, solutions/ optimisation within set constraints and data outputs) It may be something as simple as a trolley in a supermarket to which you can scan in your shopping list and it directs you around the supermarket the most efficient way to collect the items. Or it could be autonomous community share mini buses. Both of these are already feasible.
- By 2040 almost 1 in 4 of the population will be over 65 (24.2%) The fastest growth will however be in the oldest old Population of +85 in the UK are projected to double in the next 23 years No transport provider - personal or public will want to lose 25% of the total market! Source ONS 2017 https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/articles/overviewoftheukpopulation/july2017
- A much higher proportion of older people lived in rural areas in 2002 as shown by the higher average age, and this has steadily increased to 2015. Source: ONS 2014/15 Rural Survey https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rural-population-and-migration/rural-population-201415#population-by-age There is an excellent animated graphic https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/articles/overviewoftheukpopulation/july2017 if we have time to run it
- Although mobility seems the obvious one to focus on here, dexterity, sensory and cognitive loss all impact transport solutions - ease and options Whereas 1 in 7 people are born with a disability By the time we are over 65, more than ½ of us have acquired at least one impairment that is severe and permanent enough to be classed as a disability By the time we are over 75 it is 2 in 3 of us (and the co-morbidity rate is much higher then also) Source: Family Resource Survey 2015/16 see https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/family-resources-survey--2
- Technology is making it easier to solve for varying users needs and preferences. Inclusion is getting cheaper, easier to use and mainstreamed. Voice interfaces: Siri and Alexa Text to speech tech: Voiceover, Talkback Haptics: Apple Watch taptics
- I knew I was coming to speak on inclusive transport, specifically considering the needs of older users So rather than think I knew already, or read and absorb work other people have done, I did what we like to do most - I asked the users we are talking about Insight keeps knowledge fresh and relevant Esp important as the new +65 “Baby Boomers” are very different to the last generation of older people. Let’s not assume we know from past what will be the expectations of the current generation of older travellers used digital during their working careers, much more digitally aware, skilled and confident wealthier at retirement as they benefited from the housing market prior to it reaching the unattainable highs that the current GenX are upset about as well as the general economic growth that supported growth in their wealth and kept them employed to a relatively high level (relative to other generations) higher expectations of service as services have always been created that suit their needs given their number and relative wealth are healthier at retirement and have greater expectations of ongoing work (albeit in a changed way potentially as people move to a second career that is part time or aligned closely to personal interests) travel, social, voluntary help (such as caring for grandkids or like my mother-in-law at a volunteer at Botanical Gardens) and other interactions
- This compares with overall UK population impairments (+65) of Mobility: 35% 65-75 and 50% 75+ Which shows a slight overweighting of people with mobility difficulties in the survey.As the survey was an opt in one about travel and transport that is not surprising but worth noting. Vision: 10% 65-75 and 17% 75+ Hearing: 14% 65-75 and 23% 75+ Dexterity:19% 65-75 and 26% 75+ Memory : 9% 65-75 and 16% 75+ Speech: TBC Source FRS 2015/16
- Other modes (<25%) 13% Private bus / dial-a-ride 13% Private vehicle (eg Uber) 13% Cycle 13% Flights
- Some 65yo are more like 80yo, others like 55 year olds Some 85 year olds are more like 75 year olds while others are like 100 year olds Some 100 year olds are as spritely as a 70 year young chicken!
- Participant 1 is urban based, in relatively good health with impairments that don’t include mobility Participant 2 is in a rural/village region, with mobility and other sensory impairments Participant 2 is older than participant 1 Age is indicative of need. Health, access needs and attitude such as personal independence and confidence are the differentiators not necessarily age or gender Although age can’t be changed - attitude, health, confidence, sense of independence all can be, as can the adaptability and inclusiveness of the transport options themselves. Mobility constraints are not fixed to age. They are dependent on personal circumstances, attitude and the environment, services and technology on offer.
- Each of these are the opportunities for Smart or Intelligent Mobility Design out the barriers Eg. 3 of these are connected. Crowded - standing involves risk of falling. Standing for +10mins or holding on when moving Seating options and priority, app that provides available seating information prior to boarding and
- Think of journey as full end-to-end experiences eg
- Each of these are the opportunities for Smart or Intelligent Mobility Design out the barriers Eg. 3 of these are connected. Crowded - standing involves risk of falling. Standing for +10mins or holding on when moving Seating options and priority, app that provides available seating information prior to boarding and
- Each of these are the opportunities for Smart or Intelligent Mobility Design out the barriers Eg. 3 of these are connected. Crowded - standing involves risk of falling. Standing for +10mins or holding on when moving Seating options and priority, app that provides available seating information prior to boarding and
- Each of these are the opportunities for Smart or Intelligent Mobility Design out the barriers Eg. 3 of these are connected. Crowded - standing involves risk of falling. Standing for +10mins or holding on when moving Seating options and priority, app that provides available seating information prior to boarding and
- To some extent older people want “faster, cheaper horses” to misquote the Henry Ford quote They don’t yet see what is possible with emerging new tech However they want it to be safe, easy, reliable, cost and environmentally efficient in the way it gets them from their specific As to Bs Differences in gender Women travel more and not so far Men travel less often but further Social differences Public/ private transport use is a economic divide issue
- Generally not sure it will come and if it does, evenly split as to whether they would use it or not (N) I wouldn’t feel safe! (N) I don’t trust the technology yet. Not yet tested enough. (N) I would not trust that technology on what are very busy roads and I would not be able to see when it went wrong. (N) When they fail, I would be stranded as unable to walk (Y) I think it would be great if I could have one. Would have the independence and none of the hassle. (Y) For my current car the boot closes with the touch of a button, the hand brake is electronic, the steering is assisted, the gearbox is automatic, I have Park assist, the breaks have ABS, so why not have the car drive itself too? (Y) I presume driverless cars will initially only be in cities and, as I don’t live in a city, therefore not normally available to me. (Y) If these cars become widely available, I’d enjoy using one if I believed it was safe and if starting (or any other procedure) was possible with my hand tremor. However, I assume that these cars would be too expensive.
- Great research provides insights that increase the probability of success by increasing the quality of management discussions and decisions and shortening the time to improvements and innovation.
- Not just working - also engaged in other value creation activities like childminding grandchildren or like my Granny, volunteering with Meals on Wheels and at the local Op shop through to her late 90th birthday The rise of the “grey nomads” Greater desire for independence later “I think I’ll still be driving myself until I’m about 95 years old” John 76 yo More open to taking advantage of new technologies as they emerge Greater current adoption, usage (and ownership) of mobile technology
- It may seem incremental starting with understanding barriers and looking to older audiences to create the future However if you can solve for an older user who has declining hearing and vision but has not yet adopted assistive technology such as hearing aids or medical intervention like cataract surgery has Multiple Sclerosis so uses a motorised scooter from time to time, has low energy and stamina and both sight and dexterity challenges is early stage dementia and english is a second language Co-existing conditions are not uncommon but provide rich opportunity for really innovative end-to-end journey design and innovative, not incremental solutions Besides benefiting the older community they were designed for, it will also have a positive solutions benefit for people of any age with permanent access needs as well as all of us when we have temporary or situational access needs such as headphones on (hearing), full hands (dexterity), drunk, tired or stressed (cognitive) or injured Lastly better adapted and design mobility solutions for the parts of the community that are currently underserved has positive social and economic benefits on society as a whole Thank you and good luck creating great inclusive, intelligent mobility solutions