IPM detail presentation by Farhan Ahmad

2. O INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
O By
O Farhan Ahmad
O (C.No 424) Msc (Hons)
O Agronomy Department
O University Of Agriculture Peshawar

3. O Pests…?
 Pests are plants and animals in
undesirable locations according to man’s
liking.
 Common pests are insects, mites,
snails, birds, weeds, nematodes, and
pathogens.

4. O INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT;
O Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a
holistic approach to sustainable crop
protection that focuses on managing
insects, weeds and diseases through a
combination of cultural, physical,
biological and chemical methods that are
cost effective, environmentally sound and
socially acceptable.

5. O Techniques of Pest Management ;
O The available techniques for controlling
individual insect pests are conveniently
categorised in increasing order of
complexity as;
O 1. Cultural
O 2. Mechanical
O 3. Physical
O 4. Biological
O 5. Genetic
O 6. Regulatory
O 7. Chemical

6. O 1.Cultural Methods or Agronomic
Practices:
O a. Use of resistant varieties
O b. Crop rotation
O c. Crop residues destruction
O d. Tillage of soil
O e. Variation in time of planting or
harvesting

7. O f. Pruning or thinning and proper
spacing
O g. Judicious and balanced use of
fertilizers
O h. Crop sanitation
O i. Water management
O j. Planting of trap crops

9. O 2. Mechanical methods :
O a. Hand destruction
O b. Exclusion by barriers
O c. Use of traps
O d. Application of sticky traps,
O e. Bird netting

11. O 3. Physical methods :
O a. Application of heat,
O Hot water treatment
O Exposing of infested grain to sun
O Super Heating of empty godowns at 50 C, to
kill hibernating grain pests.

13. O b. Manipulation of moisture,
O Reduction of moisture content of
grains helps to prevent from the attack
of stored grain pests.
O c. Energy
O Light traps

15. 4. Biological control :
O a. Protection and encouragement of
natural enemies.
O b. Introduction, artificial increase and
colonization of specific parasitoids and
predators.
O c. Propagation and dissemination of
specific bacterial, viral, fungal and
protozoan diseases.

17. O 5. Genetic methods ;
O Use of sterile male technique
O 6. Regulatory methods :
Plant quarantine
a. Foreign quarantine
b. Domestic quarantine

19. O 7. Chemical methods :
O Using the least toxic pesticide to be
effective in controlling the pest.
a- Use of attractants
b- Use of repellants
c- Use of growth inhibitors
d- Use of insecticides