The document discusses threats to critical infrastructure from cyber attacks and information warfare. It notes existing security frameworks do not fully address organizational culture, human factors, or unexpected emergent threats. It also warns that the weakest link can be the starting point for penetration attacks, as tools are freely available online to exploit vulnerabilities. Maintaining security equilibrium is challenging as dynamic interconnections are at risk of failure.

1. National Information Infrastructure

2. Loss of sanctuary Banking and finance Information and telecommunications Transportation Postal and shipping Emergency services Continuity of government Public health Food, Water, Energy Chemical industry Agriculture Tactical warfare Conventional warfare Information warfare

3. Information Security Model Existing security frameworks and standards do not adequately address organizational culture or human factors, or provide for the unexpected (as the model does through the concept of emergence). Adapted from the USC Marshall School of Business Institute for Critical Information Infrastructure Protection.

4. Attack on the weakest link Penetration phase Can begin from the weakest link John the ripper took 15 minutes to break Dali lama system Free download and tutorial available online Attack point

5. Equilibrum is at risk Dynamic interconnections fail