Infinitive or gerund ( ing)
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The document discusses the rules for using infinitives versus gerunds (verbs with "-ing") after other verbs in sentences. The main rule is that the second verb is usually an infinitive with "to", but there are many exceptions. Some key uses of the infinitive are after adjectives, to express purpose, and after certain verbs like "want". The gerund is used as a subject, after prepositions, and after certain verbs like "stop". Infinitives can also occur without "to" after modal and other verbs like "make" and "let".
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Infinitive or gerund ( ing)
- 1. INFINITIVE OR GERUND (-ING)? CARMEN GÓMEZ BENÍTEZ
- 2. GENERAL RULE THE MAIN RULE WHEN TO VERBS HAPPEN TO BE TOGETHER, NOT FORMING A TENSE) IS THAT THE SECOND ONE IS USED IN THE FULL INFINITIVE (TO+INFINITIVE) E.g. “I want to break free” HOWEVER, THERE ARE SO MANY EXCEPTIONS THAT WE WILL HAVE TO LEARN THE RULES BY HEART
- 3. FULL INFINITIVE (“to + infinitive) ● AFTER ADJECTIVES “It’s easy to understand” ● TO EXPRESS PURPOSE (“finalidad”) “ I study English to travel “ ● AFTER A QUESTION WORD. e.g. WHO, WHAT, HOW “I don’t know what to do” ● AFTER CERTAIN VERBS (list page 244) “I want to break free”
- 4. GERUND = V+ING ● AS THE SUBJECT OF A SENTENCE “Swimming is my favourite sport” ● AFTER A PREPOSITION “I’m thinking of buying a new flat” “I’m not interested in listening to your excuses” ● AFTER CERTAIN VERBS (list page 244) “Stop making that noise, please!”
- 5. INFINITIVE WITHOUT “TO” BE CAREFUL BECAUSE SOMETIMES THE 2nd VERB IS IN INFINITIVE WITHOUT “TO” ● AFTER MOST MODAL VERBS (CAN/ COULD/ WILL/ WOULD/SHALL…) “I’ll never forget you” I won’t do that again” ● AFTER CERTAIN OTHER VERBS: MAKE & LET “My mum made me study every day” “Please, let me go to the party!!”