This document provides a summary of infection prevention and control practices at a healthcare facility. It discusses proper hand hygiene techniques, appropriate use of personal protective equipment, cleaning and disinfection protocols, sterilization procedures, healthcare-associated infection surveillance including rates of SSIs and device-related infections, environmental cleaning, biomedical waste management, and needlestick safety. The goal is to outline an infection control program and processes to prevent transmission of infections.

1. WELCOME

2. INFECTION
PREVENTION CONTROL
PRESENTED BY
SUGUNA
NURSING SUPERINTENDENT

3. TEAM

4. INFECTION CONTROL CYCLE
INFECTION
CONTROL
HAND HYGEINE
PPE
DISINFECTION &
CONTROL
AUTOCLAVING &
STERILIZATION
INFECTION CONTROL
PROGRAMME
INFECTION
SURVELLIANCE
ENVIRONMENTA
L CONTROL

5. HAND HYGEINE
Hand washing facility near point of use
Elbow/foot operated taps / sensor
Tap –96cm from the ground
Sink wide and deep enough
Regular water supply
Liquid soap
Display hand washing instruction
Hand drying
Staff training
Surgical scrub – 3-5mts

6. FIVE MOMENTS OF HAND HYGEINE

7. PPE
Availability
Adequete quantity
Disposable kit for hiv patients
No reuse of disposable items
Correct method of
wearing and removing

8. DECONTAMINATION AND CLEANING
• Procedure surfaces –1% sodium hypochlorite
Solution after every procedure.
• Instruments –in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite
solution for 10 mts
• Soiled linen – soaking in 0.5% sodium
hypochlorite solution for 30 mts.
• Detergent wash
• drying

9. DECONTAMINATION AND CLEANING
• How to make disinfectant
• Supervision
• Gluteraldehide –date of preparation and due
date of change of solution.
• Contact time required for chemical
sterilization

10. AUTOCLAVING AND STERILIZATION
CSSD :
Facility lay out ensures separation of
routes for clean and dirty items.
Demarcated separate area for receiving
dirty items ,processing

11. AUTOCLAVING AND STERILIZATION
CSSD :
Check window of drum
Not fill more than 3/4th
Trays--- double wrap with cloth
Temperature
Pressure
time

12. AUTOCLAVING AND STERILIZATION
CSSD :
• Sterile pack is marked with
• Date and time of sterilization
• Contents
• Expiry date and time
• Name and signature of technitian.

13. STORAGE OF STERILE ITEMS
• Sterile packs are kept in clean,dust free ,
moist free environment
• Separate place for clean and sterile items
• Dedicated trolly for its transportation

14. VALIDATION OF STERILIZATION
• Mechanical indicator –time, temperature and
pressure
• Chemical indicators – internal & external
• Biological indicator –( bacillus thermophilus
spores )monthly
• Lable the spore ampule
• Place in horizontal position
• Kept at the bottom or furthest part of autoclave

15. AUTOCLAVE REGISTER
• COLUMN FOR:
• DATE
• LOAD NUMBER
• LOAD CONTENT
• STARTED & FINISHED TIME
• TEMPERATURE
• PRESSURE
• AUTOCLAVE CHEMICAL INDICATOR TAPE
• SPORE TEST
• SIGNATURE OF THE TECHNITIAN

16. ANTIBIOTIC POLICY
• Facility has defied and established antibiotic
policy
• Doctors must be aware of it
• Antibiotics precribed as per the policy

17. HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTION
HAI
SSI
1-72 HOURS AFTER
ADMISSION
3 DAYS AFTER
DISCHARGE
DATE OF SURGERY 30 DAYS
DATE OF SURGERY ONE YEAR

18. HAI SURVEILLANCE
• Microbiological surveillance
• Measurement of SSI Rates
• Measurement of device related infection rates
• Measurement of blood related and respiratory
infections
• Analysis and correcive action on survillance
findings.

19. MICROBIOLOGICAL SURVILLINCE
AIR SAMPLING:
 Once in a week for OT with HEPA FILTERS
 Once in a month for OT Without ventillation system and LR
 Obtain the required number of culture media plate from the
microbiology lab ( room temperature)
 Sampling– immediately after opening in the morning.

20. AIR SAMPLING
• LABEL—OT /LR no,,sample site etc before takingit
into the OT/LR
• Change in to protective dress
• Enter the OT/LR with media
• Ventilation system /AC should be turned on and
allowed to run for at least 10mts
• Follow asceptic technique
• Expose one plate on the OT Table for 40mts
• After 40mts plate should be closed ,sealed and
sent to lab.

21. MICROBIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE
SURFACE SAMPLING
 In the morning before any cleaning is done
 Swabs and media should be at room temperature
when the sample is taken
 Label– OT/LR no., sample site
 Change in to protective dress
 Enter the OT /LR with swab and media
 Ventilation system /AC should be kept off.

22. SWAB
• OT/DELIVERY TABLE
• OT LIGHT
• STERILE INSTRUMENTS TROLLY/ DELIVERY SET
• MEDICATION PREPARATION SURFACE OF
ANAESTHESIA MECHEINE
• FLOOR – ADJACEMENT TO OT/DELIVERY TABLE
• NEW BORN WARMER
• ANY ONE WALL AT WAIST TO SHOULDER HEIGHT

23. UNACCEPTABLE RESULTS
• Postpone elective cases
• Do not use OT/LR until the problem is resolved
• Repeat cleaning ,disinfection and swab ,
procedure should be supervised
• All procedures in the duration between sampling
and reporting of unacceptable swab result
,should be identified and followed up for for the
surgical site infection
• Investigation for the causes of unacceptable
results

24. SSI RATE
NUMBER OF SSI X 100
-------------------------------------------
NO OF SURGERIES PERFORMED IN SAME PERIOD

25. CAUTI RATE
NUMBER OF CAUTI X 100
__________________________
NO OF CATHETER DAYS

26. DEVICE RELATED
VAE RATE
VAE RATE= NO OF VAE CASES X 100
_____________________________
TOTAL VENTILATOR DAYS

27. CORRECTIVE ACTION

28. SPILL MANAGEMENT
• STAFF TRAINING
• BLOOD SPILL MANAGEMENT KIT
• DISPLAY PROTOCOL
• REGISTER

29. SPILL MANAGEMENT
• PPE
• 1% HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION
• TISSUE PAPER / TOWEL / NEWS PAPER
• WIPER
• DUST BIN
• YELLOW BIO HAZARD BAG

30. BLOOD SPILL MANAGEMENT
• SPILL ALERT
• SPILL MANAGEMENT KIT
• WEAR PPE
• SPREAD TISSUE PAPER ABOUT THE SPILL
• POUR 1 % HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION ( 10% FOR LARGE SPILLS)
• WAIT FOR 15-20 MTS
• WIPE UP THE SPILLAGE
• NORMAL CLEANING WITH SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
• REMOVE PPE AND DISPOSE PROPERLY
• WASH HANDS
• KEEP REGISTER

31. BLOOD SPILL MANAGEMENT
REGISTER SAMPLE
DATE &
TIME
AREA OF
INCIDENT
( LOCATION )
TYPE OF
SPILL (
SMALL/
LARGE
ACTION
TAKEN
MANAGED
BY ( NAME
OF HOUSE
KEEPING
STAFF )
EXPOSURE
TO STAFF
( IF ANY )
SIGNATUR
E

32. DEMARCATED ZONES
PROTECTIVE ZONE:
• RECEPTION AREA, WAITING AREA, STRECHER /TROLLYBAY, DRESS
CHANGING ROOMS, PRE AND POST OPERATIVE ROOMS.
CLEAN ZONE:
• DOCTORS AND NURSES ROOMS,ANAESTHESIA ROOM
,EQUIPMENT ROOM ,PACKING AREA
STERILE ZONE:
• OPERATING ROOMS,SCRUB STATION, ANAESTHESIA STATION.
DISPOSABLE ZONE:
• ONE WAY TRAFFIC

33. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF
PATIENT CARE AREAS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
• Training for house keeping staff
• Heavy duty gloves
• Never use brooms in patient care areas
• Dry mop using microfiber floor mops
• Three bucket system
• Wet mopping of the floor – 3 times /day and whenever
necessary
• Caution board
• Luke warm water and detergent
• Freshly prepared 1 % hypochlorite solution
• Unidirectional mopping

34. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF
PATIENT CARE AREAS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
• Disinfection of mops
• Cleaning of bucket
• Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces
• Hand washing
• Check list
• Supervision and corrective action
• Housekeeping register

35. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF
PATIENT CARE AREAS
 FUMIGATION
 NO FORMALIN USE
 WITH PRODUCTS CONTAINING HYDROGEN
PEROXIDE AND SIVER COMPOUND
 Entry to the sterile zone only after hand wash
,change of cloths and appropriate PPE
 External footwear restricted
 Positive pressure in OT
 20- 25 Air exchanges per hour

36. BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
( RULES )
• Committee ( atleast six monthly)
• Copy of bio medical waste management rules
• Colour codes ,foot operated , covered bins
and bags
• Non chlorinated , barcoded plastic bags
• Development of website and uploading of
annual reports.

38. BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
( RULES )
• Display of work instruction
• Bins should be covered
• Bins should not be filled more than 2/3 of its
capacity
• PPE
• Collection at specified time
• Transport in closed containers in dedicated
trolly.

39. BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
( RULES )
• Dedicated storage facility with biohazard
emblem
• Away from patient care areas
• Secured against pilfirage and reach of animals
with lock and key
• Disposal within 48 hours
• Hand washing facility

40. SHARP MANAGEMENT
• SAFE INJECTION PRACTICES
• PUNCTURE PROOF BOXES
• PPC PROTOCOL
• AVAILABILITY OF PPC
• PPC REGISTER
• STAFF AWARENESS