Individual Worksheet& Feedback:
Schools of Buddhism Presentation
This grade will be added to your in-class presentation grade on the feedback form for that part of the assignment.
NAME:
DATE:
SPEAKER NOTES (10 points)
Which question or questions from the bulleted list in the instructions did you help research and present in class? List each below, and paste your speaker notes for that topic in the box. If you researched and presented on additional related topics, list those and corresponding speaker notes below as well. Use as many sections as needed to provide information about your topics and corresponding speaker notes. You may leave any unneeded sections of this part of the worksheet blank. Speaker notes will NOT be graded for mechanics, but on content alone.
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
Points for Speaker Notes: xx/10
RESEARCH LOG (10 points)
In the box below, list all resources used in your portion of the presentation. Do not just paste in links to websites. Provide proper APA formatted reference citations for these resources.
Proper APA formatting? √ or X
Points for Research Log: xx/10
EVALUATION ESSAY (20 points)
In the box below, provide an evaluation of the collaborative experience on this project from your personal point of view.
· Did things go smoothly or were there some bumps along the way?
· If there were some conflicts, how did the Team resolve them?
· Was the work divided fairly or did some members seem to do more than others? (You are not being asked to name names or point fingers.)
· What did you learn about collaborating with a group of people on a project?
· Did you find this to be a valuable experience? Why, or why not?
You may write in first-person voice, since this is a personal account. Write at least 150 words, answering all questions. Use good mechanics—proper punctuation, grammar, and spelling.
START ESSAY:
xxx/150 words √ or X Mechanics? √ or X
Points for Evaluation Essay: xx/20
TOTAL Points for Individual Worksheet: Schools of Buddhism
Speaker Notes: xx/10 + Research Log: xx/10 + Evaluation Essay: xx/20 = xx/40
1
NOTE: The feedback form for your presentation is below. Do not write anything below this point.
Adapted from University of Phoenix Material: “Buddhism Presentation,” REL/133, Version 4
Oral Presentation Feedback - Week 3: Schools of Buddhism
Student: Your Name
Course: REL/133: World Religious Traditions I
Date: Date Due
Assignment: Schools of Buddhism Presentation
Content (30%)
Instructions from the Syllabus:
PART I (75 points)
In collaboration with your Learning Team, complete the following:
Choose, with your assigned Learning Team, one of the following schools of Buddhism prior to Week 2, and sign up during the Week 2 class. This will require discussion and collaboration. Choose ONE school of Buddhism for the entire Learning Team.
.
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal PapersCriteria.docxgilpinleeanna
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal Papers
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Outstanding Performance
Excellent Performance
Competent Performance
Proficient Performance
Room for Improvement
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED -
1. The extent to which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking
(0–30 Points)
30 to 30 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
25 to 29 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
20 to 24 points
Assignment meets expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 50% containing good breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics.
16 to 19 points
Assignment meets most of the expectations. One required topic is either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
0 to 15 points
Assignment superficially meets some of the expectations. Two or more required topics are either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED: Purpose of the paper is clear
(0–5 Points)
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
4 to 4 points
Purpose of the Assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.
1 to 3 points
Purpose of the Assignment is vague.
0 to 0 points
No purpose statement was provided.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS
The extent to which the work reflects the student’s ability to-
1. Understand and interpret the Assignment’s key concepts
(0–10 Points)
10 to 10 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
9 to 9 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
8 to 8 points
Demonstrates a clear understanding of key concepts.
5 to 7 points
Shows some degree of understanding of key concepts.
0 to 4 points
Shows a lack of understanding of key concepts, deviates from topics.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS 2. Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e., video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources
(0–20 Points)
20 to 20 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
15 to 19 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
10 to 14 points
Integrates specific information from 1 credible outside resource and 3–4 course resources to support major points and point of view.
3 to 9 points
Minimally includes and integ ...
Only Part 1A and Part 1B were assessed using the Summative Templat.docxamit657720
Only Part 1A and Part 1B were assessed using the Summative Template (refer to the attachment to the Welcome to Week 3 announcement).
Assessment Feedback:
Key Concepts: Highlighted below are specific examples of instructional prompt responses that meet rubric criteria:
· CREATIVE title for your workshop-Equitable Learning Opportunities for Children!
· You certainly demonstrated KNOWLEDGE of the workshop title in your explanation and objective/purpose!
· DEMONSTRATED ELITE knowledge regarding the sociocultural theory!
· COLORFUL flyer that will certainly attract an audience!
Revision Needs: Highlighted below are "revision needs"; my strategy to prepare you for your future career by ensuring you understand key parts of our assignment topic-it is NOT a reflection of your effort! Once you make the revisions, I would be HAPPY to reassess your work!
Please refer to the Welcome to Week 3 announcement and open the attachment. I am confident if you read the information "From Instructor Renae", you will understand revision needs.
· How will you address your "clients'?
· Be sure to include the name of presenter and time on your flyer/Spelling of "how"
Once revisions are complete, resubmit in Waypoint (the new document will appear as a 2nd submission). PLEASE email me at [email protected] that you have resubmitted (otherwise, I will miss your efforts)! I look forward to hearing from you that you made revisions!
If you have any questions, don't hesitate to contact me!
Instructor Renae
( 2.00 / 2.00) Part 1A: Workshop Details, Title, Explanation, and Purpose
Distinguished - Includes the workshop details and title and a thorough explanation of the workshop and its purpose or objective.
Comments:
I am excited to learn more about your workshop. Your title is intriguing, and your explanation is very interesting. I clearly understand the purpose of this workshop, and I cannot wait to attend!
( 3.52 / 4.00) Part 1A: Workshop Details, Description of Target Audience, and Explanation of Theory that Supports Workshop Content
Proficient - Describes the target audience, and explains the theory that supports workshop content. The description or the explanation is slightly underdeveloped.
( 1.52 / 2.00) Part 1B: Workshop Flyer
Basic - The workshop flyer includes at least six of the required items. The flyer is somewhat engaging, and the content is mostly appropriate.
( 0.44 / 0.50) Written Communication: Content Development
Proficient - Uses appropriate and pertinent content to discover ideas within the context of the discipline, shaping the work as a whole.
( 0.50 / 0.50) Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing
Distinguished - Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.
Comments:
Great job! The information you presented is organize.
UNDERGRADUATE ASSIGNMENT SPECIFICATION
Programme:
BABS
Module Level (3,4,5 or 6):
4
Module:
Marketing Management
Module code:
SBLC4000Contribution to Overall
Module Assessment (%):
50%
Assignment No(s):
Assignment Title(s):
Marketing Plan for Harrods
Lecturer:
Ellie Semsar
Internal Verifier:
Terry Johnson
Hand Out Date:
10/04/2017
Submission deadline:
Feedback deadline:
20/06/2017
Referencing:
In the main body of your submission you must give credit to authors on whose research your work is based. Append to your submission a reference list that indicates the books, articles, etc. that you have read or quoted in order to complete this assignment (e.g. for books: surname of author and initials, year of publication,title of book, edition, publisher: place of publication).
Disclosure:
Please include the following statement on the title page of the submitted assignment, followed by your name:
I declare that this assignment is all my own work and that I have acknowledged all materials used from the published or unpublished works of other people. All references have been duly cited.
Turnitin: All assignments must be submitted to Turnitin unless otherwise instructed by the Lecturer.
Note: the Turnitin version is the primary submission and acts as a receipt for the student. Late submission of the electronic version of the assignment will result in a late penalty mark. Penalties for late submission: Up to one weeks late, maximum mark of 50%. Over one week late, Refer. Only the UWTSD Extenuating Circumstances Panel may grant an extension.
YES
X
NO
Learning Outcomes tested
(from module syllabus)
Assessment CriteriaTo achieve each outcome a student must demonstrate the ability to:
1.
Understand marketing terminology and marketing concepts and appreciate the basic practices and problems in marketing and marketing management
·
Work as a group together with other members to research and compile a report on marketing plan of a specific company
2.
Demonstrate skills in evaluating marketing strategy opportunities through selected readings and case analyses
· Different members of the group will look at different area and orally present their findings within their team
· Deploy analytical frameworks systematically and consistently.
3.
Appreciate the relationship between elements of the marketing mix in different business and environment settings
· Synthesise theoretical material with practical and actual trends in the market to generate proper discussions and critique.
TASK DESCRIPTION: Group presentation (50%)
BACKGROUND / INTRODUCTION
You have joined Harrods marketing department in the UK and have been asked to recommend a marketing plan for the next 12 months.
You should plan new ways in which Harrods can improve its position in the market and create alternative revenue streams.
TASKS
This will be marked on the basis of a 24 minutes group presentation based on 13 power-point slides.
For example for groups of ...
This document provides guidance on writing and submitting effective conference proposals. It discusses the proposal submission process, important components like the abstract and summary, and tips for a successful proposal. Key points covered include following submission guidelines, clearly relating the topic to the field, describing what will be done and how attendees will benefit, and keeping the abstract under 300 words. Effective titles, length, structure and language are also addressed.
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
tutorialoutletdotcom
Consider the phrase: A river cuts through a rock not because of its
power, but its persistence.
So much of our success is based on the ability to put one foot in front
of the other, buckle down and work hard even when we’ve had
setbacks. I am so proud of each of you for your hard work this
term! As we finish out the quarter – we are so close! – discuss your
motivations and plans for FINISHING STRONG.
English 1302 Annotated Bibliography (AB) Assignment InstTanaMaeskm
English 1302 Annotated Bibliography (AB) Assignment
Instructor: Tureva Osburn
Email: [email protected]
Format: MLA—Times New Roman, 12-point font, 1” margins, double-space only
The AB is a list of summaries and other information. One entry follows the next.
Due Dates for Self-Review and Dropbox for AB:
Upload AB to Eduflow for a self-review by Tuesday, April 12th by 11:59pm.
Your AB for the self-review can be a draft, but it must provide at least two complete
entries with citation, annotation, analysis paragraph, and a quotation with explanation
sentence for each entry to receive the 50 points for this activity.
Dropbox for Annotated Bibliography Due by Wed., April 13th by 11:59pm
Total Points Possible: 150 points possible (50 for self-review; 100 for AB)
Number of Sources: Four (4) total sources (use your source from the Proposal Essay as
one of your four sources)
Purpose: The purpose of the Annotated Bibliography is to provide students an
opportunity to gather research and evidence for a scholarly research essay and compose a
complete entry for each source.
What is an annotated bibliography? An AB is a list of summaries (these are the
annotations) regarding the same topic along with the Works Cited entry that precedes
each annotation. Each complete annotation follows the next one to create a list.
Additionally, an AB assignment will often include some analysis, quotations, and other
information regarding each source.
Instructions: Using the Steen Library databases and other sources, you should search for
sources that will provide the foundation for your research essay.
Click on this link to access research: Steen Library Research Guides and Databases
Sources: Must use four sources for the Annotated Bibliography.
At least two sources must come from Steen Library or Library databases.
You must use your source from the Proposal Essay as one of your four
sources. In other words, you need one more source from Steen Library,
http://libguides.sfasu.edu/?b=s
but you can choose to find two more sources anywhere online or from
Steen.
Sources may include academic articles, news reports, statistical data, books, ebooks,
podcasts, online journals, art (including songs, films, streaming episodes, etc.), and
many other types of texts.
Using quality research is vital to making a successful argument; the authors and sources you
choose for the Annotated Bibliography become your team members who provide
information and expertise for the AB and the Research Essay.
Organizing the AB: Students will need to follow these directions, so each entry consists of the
following parts:
1. A Works Cited citation
2. the annotation (summary)
3. a short analysis paragraph with specific questions to answer
4. a quotation from each source in MLA format followed by an explanation
Citation for Works Cited
1. First, the student will provide the ...
SPC 2608 Rhetorical Analysis Paper GuidelinesPurpose The goal.docxwilliame8
SPC 2608 Rhetorical Analysis Paper Guidelines
Purpose: The goal of this paper is to apply the concepts you have learned throughout this course to a historical speech.
Task: Select one speech from the following list and write a 3-4—page report analyzing the speech. Your report should be double spaced, adhere to APA style, and address each category listed below.
Speech options: Choose one of the top 100 speeches to evaluate from Americanrhetoric.com: https://www.americanrhetoric.com/top100speechesall.html
Your analysis should address the following categories:
· Organization: Analyze the organization of the speech. Does the speaker’s introduction and conclusion include the necessary elements, such as an attention getter, thesis, preview/review of main points, and concluding statement/call to action? What organizational pattern is used? Could the speaker have selected a more appropriate organizational pattern? Does the speaker use transitions? Are the main points clear and do they have enough supporting material? How could the speaker improve the organization of the speech? Explain your answers.
· Content: Analyze the speaker’s use of persuasion. What type of argument/reasoning does the speaker use? Does the speaker use logos, ethos, and/or pathos? How? Does the speech contain any logical fallacies? What is the goal of this speech? Does the speaker achieve the goal? How could the speaker improve the use of persuasive elements? Explain your answers.
· Vocal Delivery: Analyze the speaker’s vocal aspects of delivery. Does the speaker use proper paralinguistics? Does the speaker pause appropriately? Also, is the speech free from vocal fillers? Are words articulated and pronounced correctly? How could the speaker improve vocal aspects of delivery? Explain your answers
· Physical Delivery:Analyze the speaker’s physical aspects of delivery. Does the speaker use proper kinesics? How does the speaker use posture, gestures, illustrators, and emblems? Does the speaker have good posture and eye contact? What facial expressions are used? How could the speaker improve physical aspects of delivery? Explain your answers.
· Writing: Your paper should be at least 3 pages, double spaced, not including your heading. Your writing should be clear, concise, and easy to understand, and should be free from grammatical and syntactical errors. You should include an introduction, conclusion, and transitions in your paper. Cite sources using APA style if you use any outside resources.
A successful student will:
· Clearly and thoroughly address all parts of the paper guidelines.
· Show understanding of course concepts and apply them to the historical speech.
· Cite sources using APA style where applicable.
· Meet the minimum page length requirement.
· Use clear and concise writing that is easy to understand and is free from errors.
n this assignment, you will create a PowerPoint presentation that outlines what you believe will be the biggest challenges facing orga.
1 Rubric for Capstone Project Clear problem ident.docxmonicafrancis71118
1
Rubric for Capstone Project:
Clear problem identified in a specified
community
10%
Extensive background information provided 20%
Community resources have been accurately
researched
15%
Demonstrates clear attainable plan of action
for specified community
10%
Utilizes at least two assessment from the
reference guide
20%
PowerPoint Presentation 15%
Correct use of APA Format 10%
Power Point Final Exam Project
HLTH 3420 Health Education
Each student will be completing an individual power point presentation over your Health Education topic. The Health Education topic is something of particular interest to you in the realm of health care. The topic is submitted to your instructor for approval prior to beginning the teaching project. You may need a bit of guidance in targeting your topic. Examples of a few topics previously used:
· Understanding Hyperthyroidism
· Recognizing Stress
· What you do not Know about Peridontal Disease
· Childhood Obesity
· HIV/AIDS Among Women
You are a health care provider teaching your first class. You will teach the class using a PowerPoint presentation. You will also provide a handout for the audience. The following assignments will assist you in developing the final presentation:
>Select a topic of interest
>Develop Behavioral/Learning Objectives
>Design a Content Outline
>Completion of a Teaching Plan Outline
Your submitted presentation will be worth 20% of your grade
· Your PowerPoint presentation will consist of 20-28 slides. Each slide will contain lecture notes located in the “Speaker notes” area below the slide to supplement your power point slides. Speaker notes will consist of at least five sentences per slide. Speaker notes are what you would actually say to the audience.
· Slide 1: The name of the class you have created, your name, name of the course (Health Education), semester & year
· Slides 2-28: Contain the following information: (You may add up to 5 slides to insert additional information)
a. Slide 2-3: Introduction/Background of the topic
(may include definition, statistics, prevalence)
b. Slide 3-5: List your overall goal/learning outcome and related objectives. A minimum of 3 objectives are required.
c. Body of the presentation will take approximately 5-10 slides: Begin with the Content Outline you’ve developed and provide the teaching information that you will share with your audience. Be careful not to crowd too much information on your slides. Most of your effort will be in the “speaker notes” in the white space area below the slide as you actually teach the class. This is where you will provide detailed information for the content that is presented on the slide to the audience. In an actual presentation, the audience only sees the PPT slide, not the speaker notes. Remember, this is what you will say to the audience.
d. Conclusion/ Summary: 1-2 slides.
e. Convert your previous submitted written handout into a slide if possible. If you cannot.
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal PapersCriteria.docxgilpinleeanna
MSN Evaluation Criteria for Applications and Formal Papers
Criteria
Levels of Achievement
Outstanding Performance
Excellent Performance
Competent Performance
Proficient Performance
Room for Improvement
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED -
1. The extent to which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking
(0–30 Points)
30 to 30 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
25 to 29 points
Assignment exceeds expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 75% containing exceptional breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics
20 to 24 points
Assignment meets expectations. All topics are addressed with a minimum of 50% containing good breadth and depth about each of the Assignment topics.
16 to 19 points
Assignment meets most of the expectations. One required topic is either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
0 to 15 points
Assignment superficially meets some of the expectations. Two or more required topics are either not addressed or inadequately addressed.
QUALITY OF WORK SUBMITTED: Purpose of the paper is clear
(0–5 Points)
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
5 to 5 points
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement is provided which delineates all required criteria.
4 to 4 points
Purpose of the Assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.
1 to 3 points
Purpose of the Assignment is vague.
0 to 0 points
No purpose statement was provided.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS
The extent to which the work reflects the student’s ability to-
1. Understand and interpret the Assignment’s key concepts
(0–10 Points)
10 to 10 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
9 to 9 points
Demonstrates the ability to critically appraise and intellectually explore key concepts.
8 to 8 points
Demonstrates a clear understanding of key concepts.
5 to 7 points
Shows some degree of understanding of key concepts.
0 to 4 points
Shows a lack of understanding of key concepts, deviates from topics.
ASSIMILATION AND SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS 2. Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e., video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources
(0–20 Points)
20 to 20 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
15 to 19 points
Demonstrates and applies exceptional support of major points and integrates 2 or more credible outside sources, in addition to 3–4 course resources to support point of view.
10 to 14 points
Integrates specific information from 1 credible outside resource and 3–4 course resources to support major points and point of view.
3 to 9 points
Minimally includes and integ ...
Only Part 1A and Part 1B were assessed using the Summative Templat.docxamit657720
Only Part 1A and Part 1B were assessed using the Summative Template (refer to the attachment to the Welcome to Week 3 announcement).
Assessment Feedback:
Key Concepts: Highlighted below are specific examples of instructional prompt responses that meet rubric criteria:
· CREATIVE title for your workshop-Equitable Learning Opportunities for Children!
· You certainly demonstrated KNOWLEDGE of the workshop title in your explanation and objective/purpose!
· DEMONSTRATED ELITE knowledge regarding the sociocultural theory!
· COLORFUL flyer that will certainly attract an audience!
Revision Needs: Highlighted below are "revision needs"; my strategy to prepare you for your future career by ensuring you understand key parts of our assignment topic-it is NOT a reflection of your effort! Once you make the revisions, I would be HAPPY to reassess your work!
Please refer to the Welcome to Week 3 announcement and open the attachment. I am confident if you read the information "From Instructor Renae", you will understand revision needs.
· How will you address your "clients'?
· Be sure to include the name of presenter and time on your flyer/Spelling of "how"
Once revisions are complete, resubmit in Waypoint (the new document will appear as a 2nd submission). PLEASE email me at [email protected] that you have resubmitted (otherwise, I will miss your efforts)! I look forward to hearing from you that you made revisions!
If you have any questions, don't hesitate to contact me!
Instructor Renae
( 2.00 / 2.00) Part 1A: Workshop Details, Title, Explanation, and Purpose
Distinguished - Includes the workshop details and title and a thorough explanation of the workshop and its purpose or objective.
Comments:
I am excited to learn more about your workshop. Your title is intriguing, and your explanation is very interesting. I clearly understand the purpose of this workshop, and I cannot wait to attend!
( 3.52 / 4.00) Part 1A: Workshop Details, Description of Target Audience, and Explanation of Theory that Supports Workshop Content
Proficient - Describes the target audience, and explains the theory that supports workshop content. The description or the explanation is slightly underdeveloped.
( 1.52 / 2.00) Part 1B: Workshop Flyer
Basic - The workshop flyer includes at least six of the required items. The flyer is somewhat engaging, and the content is mostly appropriate.
( 0.44 / 0.50) Written Communication: Content Development
Proficient - Uses appropriate and pertinent content to discover ideas within the context of the discipline, shaping the work as a whole.
( 0.50 / 0.50) Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing
Distinguished - Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.
Comments:
Great job! The information you presented is organize.
UNDERGRADUATE ASSIGNMENT SPECIFICATION
Programme:
BABS
Module Level (3,4,5 or 6):
4
Module:
Marketing Management
Module code:
SBLC4000Contribution to Overall
Module Assessment (%):
50%
Assignment No(s):
Assignment Title(s):
Marketing Plan for Harrods
Lecturer:
Ellie Semsar
Internal Verifier:
Terry Johnson
Hand Out Date:
10/04/2017
Submission deadline:
Feedback deadline:
20/06/2017
Referencing:
In the main body of your submission you must give credit to authors on whose research your work is based. Append to your submission a reference list that indicates the books, articles, etc. that you have read or quoted in order to complete this assignment (e.g. for books: surname of author and initials, year of publication,title of book, edition, publisher: place of publication).
Disclosure:
Please include the following statement on the title page of the submitted assignment, followed by your name:
I declare that this assignment is all my own work and that I have acknowledged all materials used from the published or unpublished works of other people. All references have been duly cited.
Turnitin: All assignments must be submitted to Turnitin unless otherwise instructed by the Lecturer.
Note: the Turnitin version is the primary submission and acts as a receipt for the student. Late submission of the electronic version of the assignment will result in a late penalty mark. Penalties for late submission: Up to one weeks late, maximum mark of 50%. Over one week late, Refer. Only the UWTSD Extenuating Circumstances Panel may grant an extension.
YES
X
NO
Learning Outcomes tested
(from module syllabus)
Assessment CriteriaTo achieve each outcome a student must demonstrate the ability to:
1.
Understand marketing terminology and marketing concepts and appreciate the basic practices and problems in marketing and marketing management
·
Work as a group together with other members to research and compile a report on marketing plan of a specific company
2.
Demonstrate skills in evaluating marketing strategy opportunities through selected readings and case analyses
· Different members of the group will look at different area and orally present their findings within their team
· Deploy analytical frameworks systematically and consistently.
3.
Appreciate the relationship between elements of the marketing mix in different business and environment settings
· Synthesise theoretical material with practical and actual trends in the market to generate proper discussions and critique.
TASK DESCRIPTION: Group presentation (50%)
BACKGROUND / INTRODUCTION
You have joined Harrods marketing department in the UK and have been asked to recommend a marketing plan for the next 12 months.
You should plan new ways in which Harrods can improve its position in the market and create alternative revenue streams.
TASKS
This will be marked on the basis of a 24 minutes group presentation based on 13 power-point slides.
For example for groups of ...
This document provides guidance on writing and submitting effective conference proposals. It discusses the proposal submission process, important components like the abstract and summary, and tips for a successful proposal. Key points covered include following submission guidelines, clearly relating the topic to the field, describing what will be done and how attendees will benefit, and keeping the abstract under 300 words. Effective titles, length, structure and language are also addressed.
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
tutorialoutletdotcom
Consider the phrase: A river cuts through a rock not because of its
power, but its persistence.
So much of our success is based on the ability to put one foot in front
of the other, buckle down and work hard even when we’ve had
setbacks. I am so proud of each of you for your hard work this
term! As we finish out the quarter – we are so close! – discuss your
motivations and plans for FINISHING STRONG.
English 1302 Annotated Bibliography (AB) Assignment InstTanaMaeskm
English 1302 Annotated Bibliography (AB) Assignment
Instructor: Tureva Osburn
Email: [email protected]
Format: MLA—Times New Roman, 12-point font, 1” margins, double-space only
The AB is a list of summaries and other information. One entry follows the next.
Due Dates for Self-Review and Dropbox for AB:
Upload AB to Eduflow for a self-review by Tuesday, April 12th by 11:59pm.
Your AB for the self-review can be a draft, but it must provide at least two complete
entries with citation, annotation, analysis paragraph, and a quotation with explanation
sentence for each entry to receive the 50 points for this activity.
Dropbox for Annotated Bibliography Due by Wed., April 13th by 11:59pm
Total Points Possible: 150 points possible (50 for self-review; 100 for AB)
Number of Sources: Four (4) total sources (use your source from the Proposal Essay as
one of your four sources)
Purpose: The purpose of the Annotated Bibliography is to provide students an
opportunity to gather research and evidence for a scholarly research essay and compose a
complete entry for each source.
What is an annotated bibliography? An AB is a list of summaries (these are the
annotations) regarding the same topic along with the Works Cited entry that precedes
each annotation. Each complete annotation follows the next one to create a list.
Additionally, an AB assignment will often include some analysis, quotations, and other
information regarding each source.
Instructions: Using the Steen Library databases and other sources, you should search for
sources that will provide the foundation for your research essay.
Click on this link to access research: Steen Library Research Guides and Databases
Sources: Must use four sources for the Annotated Bibliography.
At least two sources must come from Steen Library or Library databases.
You must use your source from the Proposal Essay as one of your four
sources. In other words, you need one more source from Steen Library,
http://libguides.sfasu.edu/?b=s
but you can choose to find two more sources anywhere online or from
Steen.
Sources may include academic articles, news reports, statistical data, books, ebooks,
podcasts, online journals, art (including songs, films, streaming episodes, etc.), and
many other types of texts.
Using quality research is vital to making a successful argument; the authors and sources you
choose for the Annotated Bibliography become your team members who provide
information and expertise for the AB and the Research Essay.
Organizing the AB: Students will need to follow these directions, so each entry consists of the
following parts:
1. A Works Cited citation
2. the annotation (summary)
3. a short analysis paragraph with specific questions to answer
4. a quotation from each source in MLA format followed by an explanation
Citation for Works Cited
1. First, the student will provide the ...
SPC 2608 Rhetorical Analysis Paper GuidelinesPurpose The goal.docxwilliame8
SPC 2608 Rhetorical Analysis Paper Guidelines
Purpose: The goal of this paper is to apply the concepts you have learned throughout this course to a historical speech.
Task: Select one speech from the following list and write a 3-4—page report analyzing the speech. Your report should be double spaced, adhere to APA style, and address each category listed below.
Speech options: Choose one of the top 100 speeches to evaluate from Americanrhetoric.com: https://www.americanrhetoric.com/top100speechesall.html
Your analysis should address the following categories:
· Organization: Analyze the organization of the speech. Does the speaker’s introduction and conclusion include the necessary elements, such as an attention getter, thesis, preview/review of main points, and concluding statement/call to action? What organizational pattern is used? Could the speaker have selected a more appropriate organizational pattern? Does the speaker use transitions? Are the main points clear and do they have enough supporting material? How could the speaker improve the organization of the speech? Explain your answers.
· Content: Analyze the speaker’s use of persuasion. What type of argument/reasoning does the speaker use? Does the speaker use logos, ethos, and/or pathos? How? Does the speech contain any logical fallacies? What is the goal of this speech? Does the speaker achieve the goal? How could the speaker improve the use of persuasive elements? Explain your answers.
· Vocal Delivery: Analyze the speaker’s vocal aspects of delivery. Does the speaker use proper paralinguistics? Does the speaker pause appropriately? Also, is the speech free from vocal fillers? Are words articulated and pronounced correctly? How could the speaker improve vocal aspects of delivery? Explain your answers
· Physical Delivery:Analyze the speaker’s physical aspects of delivery. Does the speaker use proper kinesics? How does the speaker use posture, gestures, illustrators, and emblems? Does the speaker have good posture and eye contact? What facial expressions are used? How could the speaker improve physical aspects of delivery? Explain your answers.
· Writing: Your paper should be at least 3 pages, double spaced, not including your heading. Your writing should be clear, concise, and easy to understand, and should be free from grammatical and syntactical errors. You should include an introduction, conclusion, and transitions in your paper. Cite sources using APA style if you use any outside resources.
A successful student will:
· Clearly and thoroughly address all parts of the paper guidelines.
· Show understanding of course concepts and apply them to the historical speech.
· Cite sources using APA style where applicable.
· Meet the minimum page length requirement.
· Use clear and concise writing that is easy to understand and is free from errors.
n this assignment, you will create a PowerPoint presentation that outlines what you believe will be the biggest challenges facing orga.
1 Rubric for Capstone Project Clear problem ident.docxmonicafrancis71118
1
Rubric for Capstone Project:
Clear problem identified in a specified
community
10%
Extensive background information provided 20%
Community resources have been accurately
researched
15%
Demonstrates clear attainable plan of action
for specified community
10%
Utilizes at least two assessment from the
reference guide
20%
PowerPoint Presentation 15%
Correct use of APA Format 10%
Power Point Final Exam Project
HLTH 3420 Health Education
Each student will be completing an individual power point presentation over your Health Education topic. The Health Education topic is something of particular interest to you in the realm of health care. The topic is submitted to your instructor for approval prior to beginning the teaching project. You may need a bit of guidance in targeting your topic. Examples of a few topics previously used:
· Understanding Hyperthyroidism
· Recognizing Stress
· What you do not Know about Peridontal Disease
· Childhood Obesity
· HIV/AIDS Among Women
You are a health care provider teaching your first class. You will teach the class using a PowerPoint presentation. You will also provide a handout for the audience. The following assignments will assist you in developing the final presentation:
>Select a topic of interest
>Develop Behavioral/Learning Objectives
>Design a Content Outline
>Completion of a Teaching Plan Outline
Your submitted presentation will be worth 20% of your grade
· Your PowerPoint presentation will consist of 20-28 slides. Each slide will contain lecture notes located in the “Speaker notes” area below the slide to supplement your power point slides. Speaker notes will consist of at least five sentences per slide. Speaker notes are what you would actually say to the audience.
· Slide 1: The name of the class you have created, your name, name of the course (Health Education), semester & year
· Slides 2-28: Contain the following information: (You may add up to 5 slides to insert additional information)
a. Slide 2-3: Introduction/Background of the topic
(may include definition, statistics, prevalence)
b. Slide 3-5: List your overall goal/learning outcome and related objectives. A minimum of 3 objectives are required.
c. Body of the presentation will take approximately 5-10 slides: Begin with the Content Outline you’ve developed and provide the teaching information that you will share with your audience. Be careful not to crowd too much information on your slides. Most of your effort will be in the “speaker notes” in the white space area below the slide as you actually teach the class. This is where you will provide detailed information for the content that is presented on the slide to the audience. In an actual presentation, the audience only sees the PPT slide, not the speaker notes. Remember, this is what you will say to the audience.
d. Conclusion/ Summary: 1-2 slides.
e. Convert your previous submitted written handout into a slide if possible. If you cannot.
Assignment 1 Skill Analysis with Media ComponentDue Week JinElias52
Assignment 1: Skill Analysis with Media Component
Due Week 6 and worth 140 points
This assignment consists of two (2) sections: a skill analysis paper and a media presentation.
You must submit both sections as separate files for the completion of this assignment.
Label each file name according to the section of the assignment it is written for.
Section 1: Media Presentation
1. Create a fifteen (15) minute media or multimedia presentation in which you:
a. Display the way(s) in which you have applied or planned to apply what you learned in the M.Ed. Program (regarding the skill, lesson, or accomplishment that you identified) within your current or prospective work environment.
b. Include any of the following forms of media, but you are not limited to these: audio files, videos, PowerPoint presentations with animation, Prezi presentations, or pictures of classroom activities or projects. Note: When incorporating information from the workplace, be sure to remove all identifying information such as the name of the organization, the names of individual affiliates, and sensitive or proprietary information. Check with your supervisor before you share information from your workplace.
Section 2: Skill Analysis Paper
Write a commentary of your media presentation. Analyze the development of your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership skills throughout your M.Ed. Program coursework. Focus upon a specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment related to both your portfolio theme and your work environment.
Use the Internet to research strategies for enhancing your effectiveness in applying your knowledge to your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership.
Note
: The papers / artifacts / examples that you provided are not included in the required page length but must be attached within an appendix. If you do not have an artifact, attach the description(s) of your chosen previous assignment(s).
2. Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:
a. Indicate your portfolio theme, and explain the key specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment upon which you are focusing. Describe your current or prospective work environment in order to establish a context for your analysis.
b. Analyze key aspects of your coursework that contributed to the development of the specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment upon which you are focusing. Provide one to three (1-3) pieces of evidence / artifacts / examples that demonstrate your knowledge and growth with respect to the skill, lesson, or accomplishment in question.
c. Analyze the manner in which your media presentation illustrates the previous or future application of your knowledge to your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership efforts. Provide a rationale for your analysis. Include a brief discussion of the ways in which your media presentation demonstrates application of at least one (1) pertinent learning theory that you studied during your M.Ed. Program coursework.
d. Specify at least tw ...
Course Project for Leadership and Organizational BehaviorCourse .docxfaithxdunce63732
Course Project for Leadership and Organizational Behavior
Course Project: Leadership and Organizational Behavior in Action
Objective | Summary | Guidelines | Milestones | Project Outline | Grading Rubrics
Objective
Back to Top
Research shows that people learn effectively when working on real problems grounded in their own work experience. To this end, our course project is designed to incorporate students' work experience into the learning process in this course.
The project is an opportunity to explore, in-depth, a topic related to the course objectives (TCOs) that is of significance to you or your organization (current or former).
Summary
Back to Top
Members of the class are required to prepare an applied research paper, with a minimum of 10 pages but not to exceed 12 pages in length (excluding cover page and appendices), on a specific issue related to leadership or organizational behavior.
Guidelines
Back to Top
Topic Selection
1. Select a specific organization of interest to you and identify a problem at the firm related to organizational behavior (OB).
2. Think of yourself as an organizational consultant and assume that a key manager has requested a thorough analysis and recommended course of action to resolve an actual organizational problem that will make a difference to the future performance of the organization.
3. Identify which of our TCOs or specific topics in the syllabus are related to the problem you identify.
Research Sources
1. All papers must have a minimum of six scholarly sources cited within the text of the paper and identified in the references section.
2. Additional research sources can be attached in a bibliography.
3. Review the following document for instructions on how to access and use EBSCOhost for your research: EBSCOhost.
Paper Format
1. All papers should be single sided, double-spaced, using a 11- or 12-point font.
2. Length of the paper to be between 10 and 12 pages, not counting cover page and appendices.
3. The first page should include the title of the work, student name, address, telephone and e-mail address, course number, date, and instructor name.
4. Follow APA style for general format and citations.
5. Paper sections must adhere to the guidelines below and each section must be labeled in the text.
6. Language should be clear, concise, and precise.
7. Tone should be professional, consistent, and not filled with jargon.
8. Grammar and syntax (sentence structure) must be correct.
9. Report must be free of misspellings and typos.
Tables and Figures
1. All figures and tables must be referred to in your text before they appear on the page.
a. Figures and tables should appear on the same page as or the page after the text that refers to them.
2. All figures and tables need captions. Captions go below figures and above tables.
Quotations and Citations
1. Quotations and citations are crucial components of a research paper and must be present.
2. Failure to properly cite research sour.
Final Project HR Plan Week 8 DUE Wednesday July 27, 2017 BEF.docxAKHIL969626
Final Project HR Plan: Week 8
DUE: Wednesday July 27, 2017 BEFORE 11:55 PM CST
Top of Form 1
Assignment Instructions:
Guidelines for HR Plan
Overview:You have acquired a vast knowledge about multiple topics relevant to managers and HR employees. You will apply your learning by presenting an overall HR plan for an organization that you have chosen to work on throughout the course (fictitious or real). This is your opportunity to demonstrate your ability to consider and recommend actions to management on how the organization can be most competitive in the global environment by utilizing the organizations best asset; its human resources.
Development of the PlanYou will come up with a fictitious organization or you can use a real organization that is familiar throughout the course. The end product is a paper that presents a comprehensive HR plan for the organization that includes the concepts that you have learned from the text and outside resources.
Parameters for the organization:
You are free to describe the organization with which you will be associated. You will need to provide some level of detail of your organization. Use your general knowledge, coursework, and research to accomplish this.
· Even though you are required to provide general organizational details, your primary function is human resources. Analyze based on this premise.
· Assume that a core group of managers and employees (approximately 250) are already in place.
· Your organization can produce a product or perform a service.
· Requirements for the Overview of the organization
Description of what the organization does and organizational structure. Be specific. You may include an organizational chart.
· How does the organization operate? How are tasks/work projects accomplished?
· Is the organization domestic or international? Locations?
· Who are the competitors?
· What are the factors that you believe are critical to success in this organization?
· What is the culture like?
· How is information communicated?
· Why would people want to work for this organization?
HR Topics that MUST be addressed in the paper
· Recruitment and Selection: Include the job description and interview questions . A discussion and analysis of why and how you developed these tools must be included in the paper. Best practices based on the research and your text should be discussed.
· Compensation and Benefits: Include the compensation package for each position. A discussion and analysis of why and how you developed these tools must be included in the paper. Best practices based on the research and your text should be discussed.
· Performance Management: Include a performance appraisal and management system.A discussion and analysis of why and how you developed these tools must be included in the paper. Best practices based on the research and your text should be discussed.
· Training Program: Include a training program overview. A discussion and analysis of why and how you deve ...
( CE310 Children’s Literacy)Strategies for Building Re.docxjoyjonna282
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)
Strategies for Building Reading Comprehension and Fluency
Prepared by
[Your Name]
[Date]
(
Contents
Introduction
: What Is “Comprehension” and “Fluency”?
Comprehension Strategies
Fluency Strategies
References
Resources
)
Second Story Headline
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)Introduction: What Is “Comprehension” and “Fluency”?
(
Provide
a brief introduction to the reading process, and define the terms “comprehension” and “fluency.”
Explain why comprehension and fluency are so
important to successful reading.
You may complete the introduction using bullet points or by writing a paragraph or two.
)
Insert text here
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)Comprehension Strategies:
(
Visualizing
Determining importance
Monitoring and adjusting
Predicting
Making inferences
Summarizing
) (
Analyzing
Posing questions
Using fix-up strategies
Building vocabulary
Word identification skills
Before/during/after reading strategies
) (
In this section, identify and explain several comprehension strategies (4 or more).
You may want to
consider some of the following:
)
Insert text here
Fluency Strategies: (
Use of strategies to eliminate visual distractions when reading
Reading along with a recording
Echo-reading
Timed readings
)
3
Comprehension Strategies
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) Insert text here
(
Repeated readings
Drill and practice of sight words to increase sight word recognition
) (
In this section, identify and explain several comprehension strategies (4 or more).
You may want to
consider some of the following:
)How is Autism diagnosed?
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)Professionalism:
3
Insert text here
(
Identify 4 ways that you can convey professionalism in your appearance, attitude
,
or confidence in t
he field based on unit
R
eadings.
)
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) (
References
:
Include any resources you used in preparing your brochure (including your e
B
ook and the videos).
Be sure to use APA format in creating your References list.
)
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) (
Resources
:
Include a list of at least
2
websites that further discuss reading comprehension and / or fluency
.
Li
st the titles of the websites, W
eb ad
dresses, names of the specific W
eb pages at the websites, etc.
Provide a brief summary of the website and why you believe it is a good resource.
)
Please share your title here:
By Author
CE320-
Date
Note you will want to click on view in the bar at the top of your screen and make sure you are on Normal view. Delete instructions before submitting Assignment.
This powerpoint template is OPTIONAL. You may create your own template, but be sure to address all points discussed in the unit 5 seminar (see unit 5 seminar posted in Doc Sharing for a review).
*
IntroductionExplain NAEYC’s “Week of the ...
Title Page and AbstractTotal 1.00Distinguished - The draft in.docxherthalearmont
Title Page and Abstract
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - The draft includes a title page and a clear and well-constructed abstract that presents a comprehensive overview of a problem and solution relating to the larger Recommendation Report.
Table of Contents and Table of Graphics/Illustrations
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - Includes two distinct tables that clearly delineate the order of information. The tables closely correlate with subheadings, and figures in the body of the Recommendation Report.
Executive Summary
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - Includes a well-written one-page executive summary that carefully follows the models from the textbook.
Introduction and Body Paragraphs
Total: 3.00
Distinguished - Includes a well-written introduction that includes the problem, solution, background, data sources, scope and limitation, and ends with a clear thesis statement or initiative to solve the identified problem. Includes fully-developed body paragraphs that include: methods, results, conclusions, and recommendations.
Conclusion and Glossary
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - Includes a fully-developed conclusion that restates the draft’s main points. Includes a glossary with a comprehensive overview of specialized terminology.
Written Communication: Genre and Disciplinary Conventions
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Properly employs all existing conventions for the specific type of assignment (e.g., lab report, academic paper, personal essay, etc.) and the specific academic field (e.g., science, business, English, etc.).
Written Communication: Control of Syntax and Mechanics
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Displays meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains no errors and is very easy to understand.
Written Communication: APA Formatting
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Accurately uses APA formatting consistently throughout the paper, title page, and reference page.
Written Communication: Page Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - The length of the paper is equivalent to the required number of correctly formatted pages.
Creative Thinking: Solving Problems
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Develops a logical, consistent plan to solve a problem. Identifies consequences of the solution and clearly communicates the reason for choosing the solution.
Written Communication: Resource Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - Uses more than the required number of scholarly sources, providing compelling evidence to support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Assignment 08
EC410 Cultural Diversity
Directions: Be sure to make an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English spelling and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) double-spaced pages in length; refer to the "Fo ...
Curricular Portfolio (or Alternate Essay Assignment) ~ 20 of co.docxfaithxdunce63732
Curricular Portfolio (or Alternate Essay Assignment) ~ 20% of course grade
The Curricular Portfolio assignment is to be completed within the first two weeks of the course. As Communication Studies majors, you are asked to assemble a portfolio of your significant coursework in the discipline and to analyze this work in COMM 495. Students who have not saved their coursework will be asked to complete the Alternate Portfolio Essay Assignment.
Portfolio Assignment: Assemble a minimum of four works (projects, papers, presentations) that you have completed in at least four different Communication Studies courses (in COMM, JOUR, SPCH or WRTG). Choose works that are meaningful personally and/or professionally. Selected works should also demonstrate significant learning. Comment on each as you introduce the paper, describing what key point you learned or mastered as a result of each. In addition, this assignment includes an Analytical Essay (described below) and Reference page as part of this portfolio. Content description and format are described in the guidance provided Course Content>Course Resources>Portfolio on the left side of the opening screen. Tips for the required resume are provided in the First Week Discussion.
The Portfolio content must include (in this order):
· Title Page (erroneously also called “Introduction” in the requirement description in the Course Resources Portfolio Instructions section). This component contains your name, date, and the Portfolio title.
· Table of Contents.
· An Introduction, explaining to the reader (who is a potential employer) what the compilation is and why s/he is reading it).
· Core Contents (at least four sections, one for each assignment to be described in your analytical essay). If the four sample works are not incorporated, note the file names in this section and provide the required assessment of the key point learned or mastered for each here.
· Analytical Essay: an in-depth explanation of your growth of understanding and application of the principles you have learned or mastered in the pursuit of this degree.
· An APA Style List of References addressing any material cited in the Analytical Essay and Core Contents sections of this Portfolio.
· Résumé
Consult the Portfolio Toolkit in the Course Resources for further guidance on the Analytical Essay portion of this assignment.
Consult the Résumé Toolkit in the Course Resources for further guidance on that portion of this assignment.
Use a professional-looking cover page or title page that reflects what you have learned in your writing courses for your major:
Resist putting a picture from the Internet on your cover page. Use only your own original work and not borrowed materials in your document design.
Analytical Essay for Portfolio: Write an essay of a minimum of 1,500 words that analyzes and reflects on the learning that is evident in the selected works in your portfolio. Introduce each piece in the portfolio and reflected briefly on how it .
Course Project Leadership and Organizational Behavior in ActionOb.docxmarilucorr
The document provides guidelines for a course project on leadership and organizational behavior. Students must write a 10-12 page research paper on an issue within their organization, analyzing the causes and proposing solutions. They must review at least six scholarly sources and receive feedback at milestones to research the topic, outline the paper sections, and submit a final draft for grading.
ASSIGNMENT
GM 501 Summer 2019
Assignment Instructions
Choose a current hot topic in health and in one page explain the impact of the outcome of policies as it plays out in communities.
One Page
Single Spaced
11/12 pt Font
Proper Grammar, Spelling, and Paragraphing
If using other references, you may include these references on a separate page.
Due : June 18, 2019 IN CLASS
PAGE
Abstract
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Business Administration
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Abstract
Use the following guidelines when writing the abstract. Begin with a wow statement illuminating the problem under study. Identify the design (case study, phenomenological, quasi-experimental, correlation) Note: Do not mention the method (qualitative/quantitative) in the abstract. Identify the study population and geographical location. Identify the theoretical (quantitative) or conceptual framework (qualitative) that grounded the study; in APA style, theory/conceptual framework names are lower case. Describe the data collection process (e.g., interviews, surveys, questionnaires). Describe the data analysis process (e.g., modified van Kaam method to identify themes in qualitative studies or t test, ANOVA, or multiple regression in quantitative studies). Do not mention software used. Identify two or three themes that morphed from the study (qualitative). Present the statistical results for each research question (quantitative studies). Describe how these data may contribute to social change (use the word social change and identify who specifically may benefit). Ensure the first line in the abstract is not indented. Ensure abstract does not exceed one page. Use plural verbs with data (e.g., the data were). Write all numbers as digits (i.e., 1, 2, 10, 20) and not spelled out unless at the beginning of a sentence. Add an abbreviation in parentheses after spelling out a term in full only if the abbreviation is used again in the abstract.
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Business Administration
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Dedication
This is an optional page for a dedication. If you include a dedication, use regular paragraph spacing as shown here (not centered, italicized, or otherwise formatted). The dedication should not exceed one page. If you are not including a dedication, delete the heading and text on this page.
Acknowledgments
This is an optional page for acknowledgments. It is a nice place to thank the faculty, family members, and friends who have helped you reach this point in your academic career. The acknowledgments should not exceed one page.
No page number appears on any o.
reseARCH REPORTAPA Documentation Assignment.pdfProfession.docxaudeleypearl
reseARCH REPORT/APA Documentation Assignment.pdf
Professional Communication Dr. Barnes
Fanshawe College Language and Liberal Studies
APA DOCUMENTATION ASSIGNMENT
Worth: 5% Due: Sunday, November 24 in the Submissions
dropbox
Purpose: Researching and documenting sources are crucial skills for any professional employee.
This assignment will allow students to demonstrate their ability to locate acceptable sources
and integrate information from them using APA methods of citation and documentation.
Tasks:
1. Choose a scenario from the Research Report Assignment guidelines that you will work
on for your Research Report submission
2. Find 3 credible sources to help you answer your research question (make sure each
source passes the CRAAP Test)
3. Open a Word document and title it APA Documentation Assignment
4. In this Word document, compose an APA References entry for each of these 3 sources
5. Underneath each source,
a. integrate a relevant quotation from the source (make sure you use a signal
phrase and include the three elements of an APA citation for a direct quotation:
Author’s last name(s), date of publication in parenthesis, page # or paragraph #
or section and paragraph #)
b. compose a paraphrase of some other relevant information (not the content from
the quotation you just did) from the source (make sure you include the two
elements of an APA citation for a paraphrase: Author’s last name(s), date of
publication in parenthesis). NOTE: I will need to see the original text from the
source to evaluate your paraphrase, so please include the original text you are
paraphrasing (one or two sentences at the most).
Grading Methods:
I will grade each entry out of 5 points (1 point for the APA References entry, 2 points for the
quotation integration, and 2 points for the paraphrase) for a total of 15 points.
Sample Entry:
Saloustros, R. (2016, October 3). Accessibility and attitudes about disability in Canada. [Web log post].
Retrieved July 24, 2017, from
http://www.rickhansen.com/Blog/ArtMID/13094/ArticleID/136/Accessibility-and-attitudes-
about-disability-in-Canada
Grade: 1/1 point
Professional Communication Dr. Barnes
Fanshawe College Language and Liberal Studies
According to Saloustros (2016), “Some people with disabilities who are employed find
challenges when it comes to the physical environment in which they work” (Attitudes and
Opportunities section, para. 4).
Grade: 2/2 points
Unfortunately, it is clear there are still negative attitudes and beliefs about those with
disabilities, in the workplace and at home (Saloustros, 2016).
Grade: 2/2 points
Total: 5/5 points
reseARCH REPORT/Oral Presentation - Grading Rubric.pdf
Student:
A Rubric for Judging the Quality of an Oral Presentation: 9x3 Column
1 3 5
Eye Contact Essentially no eye contact.
Reads continuously, solely
focusing attention on slide
screen, etc. Rappo ...
ObjectiveResearch shows that people learn effectively when working.docxarnit1
The document provides guidelines for a course project that requires students to write an applied research paper on an organizational problem or issue related to leadership or organizational behavior. Students must select a topic from their own work experience, research it using at least six scholarly sources, and propose solutions. The paper should be 10-12 pages following APA style and include sections on the introduction, problem statement, literature review, analysis, solutions, and reflection. Milestones include selecting a topic, submitting a proposal and outline, and completing the final paper.
InstructionsW4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual A.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
W4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual Assignment
As indicated in the syllabus, it is important to demonstrate knowledge of MS Project. Week 4 includes using the software and interpreting the results as follows:
1. Read the Nightingale Project - LG textbook pg 333-335
2. Review MS Project Video Tutorials (Lessons/Course Materials/Support Videos) and complete the Case for both Part A and Case Part B.
3. Submit two separate MS Project .mpp files (one for part A and one for part B). Remember to submit the appropriate “view” reflecting all applicable columns and content information.
4. Submit MS Word file to specifically answer all questions for both parts (part A questions 1-3 & part B questions 1-4).
5. Ensure you document the version of MS Project you are using in the submission comments field.
Hints:
You should read ALL instructions in the case and case technical details before you start the Project file.
You may want to set up the Project file ex: start date, holidays, work days, etc. before entering in any tasks.
Ensure the project name is on the first line of the Project file and all other tasks as detailed in the case are indented just once.
The predecessor numbers for all subtasks will then be one higher than in the text as the first line (main task) is now the Project name.
The lag mentioned in the case A section is plus lag.
analyze certain bodily substances and compare them widi a sample from a suspect.
Forensic science consultant Richard Saferstein tells us that portions of the DNA structure are as unique to each individual as fingerprints. He writes that inside each of the 60 trillion cells in the human body are strands of genetic material called chromosomes. Arranged along the chromosomes, like beads on a thread, are nearly 100,000 genes. Genes are the fundamental unit of heredity. They instruct the body cells to make proteins drat determine everydiing from hair color to susceptibility to diseases. Each gene is actually composed of DNA specifically designed to carry out a single body function. Scientists have determined that DNA is die substance by which genetic instructions are passed from one generation to the next. (Saferstein 353-394)
DNA profiling has helped investigators solve crimes and ensure that diose guilty of crimes are convicted in court. Profiling is the examination of DNA samples from a body substance or fluid to determine whether they came from a particular subject. For example, semen on a rape victim's clothing can be positively or negatively compared with a suspect's semen.
police laboratories. Smaller departments may contract with large county crime labs or state police crime labs. Some departments use die services of the FBI lab. (Durose 1)
Private (nongovernment) labs are taking on greater importance in the U.S. legal system. Their analyses are increasingly being introduced into criminal and civil trials, often not only as evidence but also to contradict evidence presented by .
InstructionsView CAAE Stormwater video Too Big for Our Ditches.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
View CAAE Stormwater video "Too Big for Our Ditches"
http://www.ncsu.edu/wq/videos/stormwater%20video/SWvideo.html
Explain how impermeable surfaces in the urban environment impact the stream network in a river basin. Why is watershed management an important consideration in urban planning? Unload you essay (200-400 words).
Neal.LarryBUS457A7.docx
Question 1
Problem:
It is not certain about the relationship between age, Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Goal:
To establish the relationship between age Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available data, the relationship is obtained and shown below:
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
SBP 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
Error 28 3850 137.5
Lack-of-Fit 21 2849 135.7 0.95 0.575
Pure Error 7 1002 143.1
Total 29 6783
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
11.7265 43.24% 41.21% 3.85%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -18.3 13.9 -1.32 0.198
SBP 0.4454 0.0964 4.62 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -18.3 + 0.4454 SBP
It is found that there is an outlier in the dataset, which significantly affect the regression equation. As a result, the outlier is removed, and the regression analysis is run again.
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
SBP 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
Error 27 1951.4 72.27
Lack-of-Fit 20 949.9 47.49 0.33 0.975
Pure Error 7 1001.5 143.07
Total 28 6779.9
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
8.50139 71.22% 70.15% 66.89%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -59.9 12.9 -4.63 0.000
SBP 0.7502 0.0918 8.17 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -59.9 + 0.7502 SBP
The p-value for the model is 0.000, which implies that the model is significant in the prediction of Age. The R-square of the model is 70.2%, implies that 70.2% of variation in age can be explained by the model
Recommendation:
The regression model Age = -59.9 +0.7502 SBP can be used to predict the Age, such that over 70% of variation in Age can be explained by the model.
Question 2
Problem:
It is not sure that whether the factors X1 to X4 which represents four different success factors have any influences on the annual savings as a result of CRM implementation.
Goal:
To determine which of the success factors are most significant in the prediction of a successful CRM program, and develop the corresponding model for the prediction of CRM savings.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available da.
InstructionsUse and add the real life situation provided below t.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
Use and add the real life situation provided below to write this paper. Provide examples to explain the behaviors, and use researched material to support your reasoning.
(Real life situation)
Gender Inequality in the Workplace: Sexual Harassment against Women
Although many women have been confident enough to report sexual harassment in the workplace, it is still very hard and uncomfortable for other women to stand up and also makes it more surprising how many of these incidences are still taking place every day. Workplace sexual harassment goes for both genders and it’s even harder for men since they are always viewed as the aggressors and superior gender and the mindset of our society shapes a lot of what we perceive is okay and normal behavior towards each other.
One interesting experience I heard of recently was involving a female service member and her superiors. This female works in an office with about four other males who are very aware about her feelings towards the behavior of her superior who happens to work outside of that specific office. The superior officer comes in everyday to check up on their work, make small talk with the guys and also has a habit of always rubbing her shoulders when he walks over to her desk. She explains that the first time it happened she thought it was odd being that she doesn’t have that type of relationship with him and gave him a pass, but then it became a an everyday thing. She tried tactics such as getting up from her desk, walking away from him and even voiced to the other males how uncomfortable it made her; they thought it was funny. They too had a complaint about him on making them feel uncomfortable: he had a habit of grabbing and scratching his private parts; but accepted it as a guy thing and would be viewed in a negative way if they reported. Her reason for not reporting was because she was afraid to get him in trouble, he had a family and wouldn’t dare to jeopardize his career, or even worse be criticized for making a big deal out of nothing after all its just a shoulder rub.
Required Elements:
· Describe the situation in detail; already mentioned above;
· Analyze the differences in communication, problem-solving, and leadership between the men and the women in the situation;
· Did any stereotypical notions seem to influence the behaviors of the women and the men involved in the situation? If so, explain what were they? If not, indicate so.
· Identify challenges related to gender in the situation described.
· Identify best practices that address the challenges identified.
· Devise three to five action plans that could be implemented to strengthen the behaviors of men and women in the workplace. Action plans can be implements by HR, a management or manager, CEO, or employee. Make sure to provide ideas as to why the action plan is necessary or would be useful in the workplace.
· Do not offer o.
InstructionsThe objective of this assessment is to demonstrate y.docxdirkrplav
The document outlines improvements made to the recruitment and selection processes at Southwood School. It identifies weaknesses in the original processes, such as relying only on newspaper advertisements and limited selection methods. The HR manager led changes including expanding recruitment methods by adding a school website and emphasizing internal recruitment. Selection methods were enhanced by adding teaching observations and involving student interview panels to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of candidates. The revisions aimed to attract a more diverse candidate pool, provide a better candidate experience, and make selection decisions based on a wider range of skills and feedback.
InstructionsThis assignment will be checked using anti-plagia.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
This assignment will be checked using anti-plagiarism software and returned to your instructor with an originality report.
After Completion of Lab 2, Students Must complete a one page paper on a topic of their choice from the material covered in Lab 2.
It should include your name and a topic title.
It should be 1 page, 12 pt font, double spaced.
References (with whatever format you are comfortable using)should be included at the end of your paper.
This assignment is due by the Sunday, 15 November, at 11:55pm MST. (Students with Makeup Lab approval will complete the assignment after Makeup Lab).
Please attach using one of the following formats (.doc .pdf or .txt)
Turn the paper into the "Exams, Lab Reports and Research Paper" Link For Lab 1 Report.
Grading Criteria:
Lab Report Must be at least one page. (-5 for shortness of submission).
Additional page with References (use reference format you are familiar using) (-5 for no references).
Lab Report must explain how topic is discovered, developed, and applied....not a restatement of the Lab Activity. (-5 for explaining the Lab Activity).
Turn in your Report on time. (- 5 points deducted per week for late submissions!!! )
Choose ONE of the following topics:
-Light Box II: Color.
-Rainbow.
-Blue Sky.
-Interference.
-Polarizers.
-Ultraviolet Light.
-Infrared Light. (IR).
-Computer Optical Microscope.
-X-ray Fluorescence.
-Scanning Electron Microscopy.
-Optical Microscopy.
“When you’re a Spy, your job title can be anything, from Manager to Waiter, even criminal. The reason for the multitude of names? As a Spy, your job is to gather information from a range of sources, and you need to do it in any way you can. That includes putting on a disguise.
There are a few different paths that you can take to get into this career, and you can focus on a range of specialties, from technical to languages. The title “Spy” isn’t really used anymore. Instead, you’re now called a Covert Investigator or, more broadly, a CIA Agent. Whatever the title, it means you investigate and protect US interests abroad.
You investigate things like terrorism, fraud, corrupt governments, and a wide variety of other crimes. Your job is to keep Policymakers and the President of the United States aware and informed on the happenings around the world.
You can find the information you need in a lot of different ways. You might get to go undercover and pretend to be a different person, but for the most part, your job is much more routine. You carry out interviews with informants and allied Agents, analyze data, and read through research. You look for possible international problems, such as civil unrest, war, famine—anything that can cause problems for the United States.
This job involves a lot of collaboration and communication. You work with other Agents, international police forces, or informants. The informants you work with are usually average people, so the ability to speak their language is a big plus.”.
instructionss.docxjust to make sure againi need u to ext.docxdirkrplav
This document provides instructions to extend a report on the design and analysis of electrical power transmission towers from 40 to 65 pages by adding several new chapters and sections. It then provides the content for these new sections, including expanding the literature review, conclusions and recommendations section. It also includes the content for a sample transmission tower design project report, providing details on the introduction, aims, loads on towers, literature review, analysis and design of a sample 220kV transmission tower.
InstructionsProvide an analysis of the affects of the publics.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Provide an analysis of the affects of the publics widespread interest on televised crime dramas on the manner that the criminal justice system is administered.
1 page in length
12 pt font
Double Spaced
Arial or Times New Roman
APA formatted references for any quoted or paraphrased material
.
This document contains instructions for an open book exam with multiple choice and word problems related to statistics. It provides 14 questions testing concepts like types of statistical tests to use for different data, hypotheses for statistical tests, interpreting statistical output, and correctly identifying variables and appropriate statistical analyses for different datasets. Datasets are provided in separate tabs for questions requiring calculations and analysis of real data.
InstructionsPlease answer the following question in a minimum.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Please answer the following question in a minimum of 500 words. Be sure to include 2 citations.
Question:
On August 31, 2010, Chickasaw Industries issued $25 million of its 30-year, 6% convertible bonds dated August 31, priced to yield 5%. The bonds are convertible at the option of the investors into 1,500,000 shares of Chickasaw's common stock. Chickasaw records interest expense at the effective rate. On August 31, 2013, investors in Chickasaw's convertible bonds tendered 20% of the bonds for conversion into common stock that had a market value of $20 per share on the date of the conversion. On January 1, 2012, Chickasaw Industries issued $40 million of its 20-year, 7% bonds dated January 1 at a price to yield 8%. On December 31, 2013, the bonds were extinguished early through acquisition in the open market by Chickasaw for $40.5 million.
Required:
1.
Using the book value method, would recording the conversion of the 6% convertible bonds into common stock affect earnings? If so, by how much? Would earnings be affected if the market value method is used? If so, by how much?
2.
Were the 7% bonds issued at face value, at a discount, or at a premium? Explain.
3.
Would the amount of interest expense for the 7% bonds be higher in the first year or second year of the term to maturity? Explain.
4.
How should gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt be determined? Does the early extinguishment of the 7% bonds result in a gain or loss? Explain.
Statistics Questions to Answer.doc.rtf
2
*Note: An Excel Workbook has also been uploaded. Within that workbook are 8 XLS files which are included in 8 separate tabs. These files will be needed to answer most of the questions.This work is due Friday, September 19th
Q1)Fill in the blanks (show your work).
Variable
N
Mean
Median
TrMean
StDev
haircut
171
23.17
17.00
21.14
18.20
sleep
171
6.6477
7.0000
6.6487
0.8396
age
171
27.421
27.000
27.098
3.646
Correlations:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
sleep
-0.117
age
0.062
(1)
Covariances:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
age
haircut
(2)_
sleep
-1.79232
0.70491
age
4.12314
-0.45372
13.29226
Blank 1 =
Blank 2 =
Q2)Is the following statement correct? Explain why or why not.
“A correlation of 0 implies that no relationship exists between the two variables under study.”
Q3)Does how long children remain at the lunch table help predict how much they eat? The data in file lunchtime.xls (File is in Tab#1 of Excel Workbook) gives information on 20 toddlers observed over several months at a nursery school. “Time” is the average number of minutes a child spent at the table when lunch was served. “Calories” is the average number of calories the child consumed during lunch, calculated from careful observation of what the child ate each day.
Findthecorrelationforthesedata.
Supposeweweretorecordtimeatthetableinhoursratherthaninminutes.Howwouldthecorrelationchange?Why?
Writeasentenceortwoexplainingwhatthiscorrelationmeansfort.
InstructionsMy report is about the future of work and focuses the .docxdirkrplav
Instructions
My report is about the future of work and focuses the role of a woman. I have already done some work for this report. Down below you will see the points we spoke about in the report and why we chose this subject. More importantly, you will also see the scenario we came up with and the framing questions we created. You will need both the scenario and framing questions and write a summary about it in 600 words. I need you to do this section:
*Scenario plan: Working together the group is required to construct a future scenario using the scenario template. The completed scenario will be attached in the appendix. You will need to insert in your report a summary of your future scenario identifying the evidence/trends it is based upon, framing questions and key elements around work that are relevant to your analysis to the future of work (Approx 600 words). (The template & framing questions should be in your appendix.)Introduction
· The future of work will have an impact on women in terms of employment and job positions in an organization.
· Corporations will be equally hiring men and women based on their skills and knowledge.
· The wage gap between genders will decrease in the near future.
· Women will become more independent leading the marriage rates to drop.
· When it comes to politics, the role of a women in a less developed country will change significantly as women are now allowed to vote and become members of the parliament. Rationale
· Theme: Gender and diversity
· Why?
Coming from an Arab country, we have noticed many changes in the typical role of women all around the world. We noticed that women are starting to change their habits and lifestyle. Women are becoming highly educated, searching for independence, and working more to enhance their career path. Women are no longer categorized as the traditional housewivesScenario: Everything Will Change“Post-Fordism”
Society and culture
-Feminized values
-Women and men equally valued
-Make, do, and mend culture
-Increasing diversity
Family life
-Parents work long hours little time for kids
-Schools and institutions take greater responsibility for children
-Men contribute equally for child rearing, housework and time at work
Education
-Vocational
-Individual happiness linked to societal outcomes
The workplace
-Pay gap decrease between genders
-Equality between genders
-Even value of diversity
-Women greater presence in public, business life
-Responsible and ethical corporations
The environment
-No clean energy developed
-Wealthy nations survive while poor nations don’t do so well
Science and technology
-High surveillance of all citizens
-Innovation is highly valued
-Highly networked
-Development of new technology with few people to afford it
Politics
-Single party dominates
-Strong alliances between countries
-People vote according to policies that value social and environmental outcomes
-Women politicians increase
-Governmental regulations change regarding expatriates
Economics.
InstructionsInstructions for the Microsoft Excel TemplatesThis wor.docxdirkrplav
This document provides instructions for completing Microsoft Excel templates for a grading assignment. It explains that only the provided workbook should be submitted and that it contains the assignment details. Students should enter their name and solve problems by filling in highlighted cells with account titles, values, formulas, and text explanations. The templates are formatted to print on standard paper sizes and use standard accounting formatting like commas. Students should leverage features like split panes and lookup formulas to assist with copying data accurately. Sample templates are provided for problems on income statements, retained earnings statements, and long-term construction contracts.
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Assignment 1 Skill Analysis with Media ComponentDue Week JinElias52
Assignment 1: Skill Analysis with Media Component
Due Week 6 and worth 140 points
This assignment consists of two (2) sections: a skill analysis paper and a media presentation.
You must submit both sections as separate files for the completion of this assignment.
Label each file name according to the section of the assignment it is written for.
Section 1: Media Presentation
1. Create a fifteen (15) minute media or multimedia presentation in which you:
a. Display the way(s) in which you have applied or planned to apply what you learned in the M.Ed. Program (regarding the skill, lesson, or accomplishment that you identified) within your current or prospective work environment.
b. Include any of the following forms of media, but you are not limited to these: audio files, videos, PowerPoint presentations with animation, Prezi presentations, or pictures of classroom activities or projects. Note: When incorporating information from the workplace, be sure to remove all identifying information such as the name of the organization, the names of individual affiliates, and sensitive or proprietary information. Check with your supervisor before you share information from your workplace.
Section 2: Skill Analysis Paper
Write a commentary of your media presentation. Analyze the development of your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership skills throughout your M.Ed. Program coursework. Focus upon a specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment related to both your portfolio theme and your work environment.
Use the Internet to research strategies for enhancing your effectiveness in applying your knowledge to your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership.
Note
: The papers / artifacts / examples that you provided are not included in the required page length but must be attached within an appendix. If you do not have an artifact, attach the description(s) of your chosen previous assignment(s).
2. Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:
a. Indicate your portfolio theme, and explain the key specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment upon which you are focusing. Describe your current or prospective work environment in order to establish a context for your analysis.
b. Analyze key aspects of your coursework that contributed to the development of the specific skill, lesson, or accomplishment upon which you are focusing. Provide one to three (1-3) pieces of evidence / artifacts / examples that demonstrate your knowledge and growth with respect to the skill, lesson, or accomplishment in question.
c. Analyze the manner in which your media presentation illustrates the previous or future application of your knowledge to your teaching, coaching, training, or leadership efforts. Provide a rationale for your analysis. Include a brief discussion of the ways in which your media presentation demonstrates application of at least one (1) pertinent learning theory that you studied during your M.Ed. Program coursework.
d. Specify at least tw ...
Course Project for Leadership and Organizational BehaviorCourse .docxfaithxdunce63732
Course Project for Leadership and Organizational Behavior
Course Project: Leadership and Organizational Behavior in Action
Objective | Summary | Guidelines | Milestones | Project Outline | Grading Rubrics
Objective
Back to Top
Research shows that people learn effectively when working on real problems grounded in their own work experience. To this end, our course project is designed to incorporate students' work experience into the learning process in this course.
The project is an opportunity to explore, in-depth, a topic related to the course objectives (TCOs) that is of significance to you or your organization (current or former).
Summary
Back to Top
Members of the class are required to prepare an applied research paper, with a minimum of 10 pages but not to exceed 12 pages in length (excluding cover page and appendices), on a specific issue related to leadership or organizational behavior.
Guidelines
Back to Top
Topic Selection
1. Select a specific organization of interest to you and identify a problem at the firm related to organizational behavior (OB).
2. Think of yourself as an organizational consultant and assume that a key manager has requested a thorough analysis and recommended course of action to resolve an actual organizational problem that will make a difference to the future performance of the organization.
3. Identify which of our TCOs or specific topics in the syllabus are related to the problem you identify.
Research Sources
1. All papers must have a minimum of six scholarly sources cited within the text of the paper and identified in the references section.
2. Additional research sources can be attached in a bibliography.
3. Review the following document for instructions on how to access and use EBSCOhost for your research: EBSCOhost.
Paper Format
1. All papers should be single sided, double-spaced, using a 11- or 12-point font.
2. Length of the paper to be between 10 and 12 pages, not counting cover page and appendices.
3. The first page should include the title of the work, student name, address, telephone and e-mail address, course number, date, and instructor name.
4. Follow APA style for general format and citations.
5. Paper sections must adhere to the guidelines below and each section must be labeled in the text.
6. Language should be clear, concise, and precise.
7. Tone should be professional, consistent, and not filled with jargon.
8. Grammar and syntax (sentence structure) must be correct.
9. Report must be free of misspellings and typos.
Tables and Figures
1. All figures and tables must be referred to in your text before they appear on the page.
a. Figures and tables should appear on the same page as or the page after the text that refers to them.
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Quotations and Citations
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Final Project HR Plan Week 8 DUE Wednesday July 27, 2017 BEF.docxAKHIL969626
Final Project HR Plan: Week 8
DUE: Wednesday July 27, 2017 BEFORE 11:55 PM CST
Top of Form 1
Assignment Instructions:
Guidelines for HR Plan
Overview:You have acquired a vast knowledge about multiple topics relevant to managers and HR employees. You will apply your learning by presenting an overall HR plan for an organization that you have chosen to work on throughout the course (fictitious or real). This is your opportunity to demonstrate your ability to consider and recommend actions to management on how the organization can be most competitive in the global environment by utilizing the organizations best asset; its human resources.
Development of the PlanYou will come up with a fictitious organization or you can use a real organization that is familiar throughout the course. The end product is a paper that presents a comprehensive HR plan for the organization that includes the concepts that you have learned from the text and outside resources.
Parameters for the organization:
You are free to describe the organization with which you will be associated. You will need to provide some level of detail of your organization. Use your general knowledge, coursework, and research to accomplish this.
· Even though you are required to provide general organizational details, your primary function is human resources. Analyze based on this premise.
· Assume that a core group of managers and employees (approximately 250) are already in place.
· Your organization can produce a product or perform a service.
· Requirements for the Overview of the organization
Description of what the organization does and organizational structure. Be specific. You may include an organizational chart.
· How does the organization operate? How are tasks/work projects accomplished?
· Is the organization domestic or international? Locations?
· Who are the competitors?
· What are the factors that you believe are critical to success in this organization?
· What is the culture like?
· How is information communicated?
· Why would people want to work for this organization?
HR Topics that MUST be addressed in the paper
· Recruitment and Selection: Include the job description and interview questions . A discussion and analysis of why and how you developed these tools must be included in the paper. Best practices based on the research and your text should be discussed.
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( CE310 Children’s Literacy)Strategies for Building Re.docxjoyjonna282
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)
Strategies for Building Reading Comprehension and Fluency
Prepared by
[Your Name]
[Date]
(
Contents
Introduction
: What Is “Comprehension” and “Fluency”?
Comprehension Strategies
Fluency Strategies
References
Resources
)
Second Story Headline
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)Introduction: What Is “Comprehension” and “Fluency”?
(
Provide
a brief introduction to the reading process, and define the terms “comprehension” and “fluency.”
Explain why comprehension and fluency are so
important to successful reading.
You may complete the introduction using bullet points or by writing a paragraph or two.
)
Insert text here
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
)Comprehension Strategies:
(
Visualizing
Determining importance
Monitoring and adjusting
Predicting
Making inferences
Summarizing
) (
Analyzing
Posing questions
Using fix-up strategies
Building vocabulary
Word identification skills
Before/during/after reading strategies
) (
In this section, identify and explain several comprehension strategies (4 or more).
You may want to
consider some of the following:
)
Insert text here
Fluency Strategies: (
Use of strategies to eliminate visual distractions when reading
Reading along with a recording
Echo-reading
Timed readings
)
3
Comprehension Strategies
3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) Insert text here
(
Repeated readings
Drill and practice of sight words to increase sight word recognition
) (
In this section, identify and explain several comprehension strategies (4 or more).
You may want to
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3
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
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3
Insert text here
(
Identify 4 ways that you can convey professionalism in your appearance, attitude
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or confidence in t
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R
eadings.
)
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) (
References
:
Include any resources you used in preparing your brochure (including your e
B
ook and the videos).
Be sure to use APA format in creating your References list.
)
(
CE310 | Children’s Literacy
) (
Resources
:
Include a list of at least
2
websites that further discuss reading comprehension and / or fluency
.
Li
st the titles of the websites, W
eb ad
dresses, names of the specific W
eb pages at the websites, etc.
Provide a brief summary of the website and why you believe it is a good resource.
)
Please share your title here:
By Author
CE320-
Date
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*
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Curricular Portfolio (or Alternate Essay Assignment) ~ 20% of course grade
The Curricular Portfolio assignment is to be completed within the first two weeks of the course. As Communication Studies majors, you are asked to assemble a portfolio of your significant coursework in the discipline and to analyze this work in COMM 495. Students who have not saved their coursework will be asked to complete the Alternate Portfolio Essay Assignment.
Portfolio Assignment: Assemble a minimum of four works (projects, papers, presentations) that you have completed in at least four different Communication Studies courses (in COMM, JOUR, SPCH or WRTG). Choose works that are meaningful personally and/or professionally. Selected works should also demonstrate significant learning. Comment on each as you introduce the paper, describing what key point you learned or mastered as a result of each. In addition, this assignment includes an Analytical Essay (described below) and Reference page as part of this portfolio. Content description and format are described in the guidance provided Course Content>Course Resources>Portfolio on the left side of the opening screen. Tips for the required resume are provided in the First Week Discussion.
The Portfolio content must include (in this order):
· Title Page (erroneously also called “Introduction” in the requirement description in the Course Resources Portfolio Instructions section). This component contains your name, date, and the Portfolio title.
· Table of Contents.
· An Introduction, explaining to the reader (who is a potential employer) what the compilation is and why s/he is reading it).
· Core Contents (at least four sections, one for each assignment to be described in your analytical essay). If the four sample works are not incorporated, note the file names in this section and provide the required assessment of the key point learned or mastered for each here.
· Analytical Essay: an in-depth explanation of your growth of understanding and application of the principles you have learned or mastered in the pursuit of this degree.
· An APA Style List of References addressing any material cited in the Analytical Essay and Core Contents sections of this Portfolio.
· Résumé
Consult the Portfolio Toolkit in the Course Resources for further guidance on the Analytical Essay portion of this assignment.
Consult the Résumé Toolkit in the Course Resources for further guidance on that portion of this assignment.
Use a professional-looking cover page or title page that reflects what you have learned in your writing courses for your major:
Resist putting a picture from the Internet on your cover page. Use only your own original work and not borrowed materials in your document design.
Analytical Essay for Portfolio: Write an essay of a minimum of 1,500 words that analyzes and reflects on the learning that is evident in the selected works in your portfolio. Introduce each piece in the portfolio and reflected briefly on how it .
Course Project Leadership and Organizational Behavior in ActionOb.docxmarilucorr
The document provides guidelines for a course project on leadership and organizational behavior. Students must write a 10-12 page research paper on an issue within their organization, analyzing the causes and proposing solutions. They must review at least six scholarly sources and receive feedback at milestones to research the topic, outline the paper sections, and submit a final draft for grading.
ASSIGNMENT
GM 501 Summer 2019
Assignment Instructions
Choose a current hot topic in health and in one page explain the impact of the outcome of policies as it plays out in communities.
One Page
Single Spaced
11/12 pt Font
Proper Grammar, Spelling, and Paragraphing
If using other references, you may include these references on a separate page.
Due : June 18, 2019 IN CLASS
PAGE
Abstract
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Business Administration
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Abstract
Use the following guidelines when writing the abstract. Begin with a wow statement illuminating the problem under study. Identify the design (case study, phenomenological, quasi-experimental, correlation) Note: Do not mention the method (qualitative/quantitative) in the abstract. Identify the study population and geographical location. Identify the theoretical (quantitative) or conceptual framework (qualitative) that grounded the study; in APA style, theory/conceptual framework names are lower case. Describe the data collection process (e.g., interviews, surveys, questionnaires). Describe the data analysis process (e.g., modified van Kaam method to identify themes in qualitative studies or t test, ANOVA, or multiple regression in quantitative studies). Do not mention software used. Identify two or three themes that morphed from the study (qualitative). Present the statistical results for each research question (quantitative studies). Describe how these data may contribute to social change (use the word social change and identify who specifically may benefit). Ensure the first line in the abstract is not indented. Ensure abstract does not exceed one page. Use plural verbs with data (e.g., the data were). Write all numbers as digits (i.e., 1, 2, 10, 20) and not spelled out unless at the beginning of a sentence. Add an abbreviation in parentheses after spelling out a term in full only if the abbreviation is used again in the abstract.
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Business Administration
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Dedication
This is an optional page for a dedication. If you include a dedication, use regular paragraph spacing as shown here (not centered, italicized, or otherwise formatted). The dedication should not exceed one page. If you are not including a dedication, delete the heading and text on this page.
Acknowledgments
This is an optional page for acknowledgments. It is a nice place to thank the faculty, family members, and friends who have helped you reach this point in your academic career. The acknowledgments should not exceed one page.
No page number appears on any o.
reseARCH REPORTAPA Documentation Assignment.pdfProfession.docxaudeleypearl
reseARCH REPORT/APA Documentation Assignment.pdf
Professional Communication Dr. Barnes
Fanshawe College Language and Liberal Studies
APA DOCUMENTATION ASSIGNMENT
Worth: 5% Due: Sunday, November 24 in the Submissions
dropbox
Purpose: Researching and documenting sources are crucial skills for any professional employee.
This assignment will allow students to demonstrate their ability to locate acceptable sources
and integrate information from them using APA methods of citation and documentation.
Tasks:
1. Choose a scenario from the Research Report Assignment guidelines that you will work
on for your Research Report submission
2. Find 3 credible sources to help you answer your research question (make sure each
source passes the CRAAP Test)
3. Open a Word document and title it APA Documentation Assignment
4. In this Word document, compose an APA References entry for each of these 3 sources
5. Underneath each source,
a. integrate a relevant quotation from the source (make sure you use a signal
phrase and include the three elements of an APA citation for a direct quotation:
Author’s last name(s), date of publication in parenthesis, page # or paragraph #
or section and paragraph #)
b. compose a paraphrase of some other relevant information (not the content from
the quotation you just did) from the source (make sure you include the two
elements of an APA citation for a paraphrase: Author’s last name(s), date of
publication in parenthesis). NOTE: I will need to see the original text from the
source to evaluate your paraphrase, so please include the original text you are
paraphrasing (one or two sentences at the most).
Grading Methods:
I will grade each entry out of 5 points (1 point for the APA References entry, 2 points for the
quotation integration, and 2 points for the paraphrase) for a total of 15 points.
Sample Entry:
Saloustros, R. (2016, October 3). Accessibility and attitudes about disability in Canada. [Web log post].
Retrieved July 24, 2017, from
http://www.rickhansen.com/Blog/ArtMID/13094/ArticleID/136/Accessibility-and-attitudes-
about-disability-in-Canada
Grade: 1/1 point
Professional Communication Dr. Barnes
Fanshawe College Language and Liberal Studies
According to Saloustros (2016), “Some people with disabilities who are employed find
challenges when it comes to the physical environment in which they work” (Attitudes and
Opportunities section, para. 4).
Grade: 2/2 points
Unfortunately, it is clear there are still negative attitudes and beliefs about those with
disabilities, in the workplace and at home (Saloustros, 2016).
Grade: 2/2 points
Total: 5/5 points
reseARCH REPORT/Oral Presentation - Grading Rubric.pdf
Student:
A Rubric for Judging the Quality of an Oral Presentation: 9x3 Column
1 3 5
Eye Contact Essentially no eye contact.
Reads continuously, solely
focusing attention on slide
screen, etc. Rappo ...
ObjectiveResearch shows that people learn effectively when working.docxarnit1
The document provides guidelines for a course project that requires students to write an applied research paper on an organizational problem or issue related to leadership or organizational behavior. Students must select a topic from their own work experience, research it using at least six scholarly sources, and propose solutions. The paper should be 10-12 pages following APA style and include sections on the introduction, problem statement, literature review, analysis, solutions, and reflection. Milestones include selecting a topic, submitting a proposal and outline, and completing the final paper.
Similar to Individual Worksheet& Feedback Schools of Buddhism Presentation.docx (10)
InstructionsW4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual A.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
W4 Nightingale Case A & B – 35 points - Individual Assignment
As indicated in the syllabus, it is important to demonstrate knowledge of MS Project. Week 4 includes using the software and interpreting the results as follows:
1. Read the Nightingale Project - LG textbook pg 333-335
2. Review MS Project Video Tutorials (Lessons/Course Materials/Support Videos) and complete the Case for both Part A and Case Part B.
3. Submit two separate MS Project .mpp files (one for part A and one for part B). Remember to submit the appropriate “view” reflecting all applicable columns and content information.
4. Submit MS Word file to specifically answer all questions for both parts (part A questions 1-3 & part B questions 1-4).
5. Ensure you document the version of MS Project you are using in the submission comments field.
Hints:
You should read ALL instructions in the case and case technical details before you start the Project file.
You may want to set up the Project file ex: start date, holidays, work days, etc. before entering in any tasks.
Ensure the project name is on the first line of the Project file and all other tasks as detailed in the case are indented just once.
The predecessor numbers for all subtasks will then be one higher than in the text as the first line (main task) is now the Project name.
The lag mentioned in the case A section is plus lag.
analyze certain bodily substances and compare them widi a sample from a suspect.
Forensic science consultant Richard Saferstein tells us that portions of the DNA structure are as unique to each individual as fingerprints. He writes that inside each of the 60 trillion cells in the human body are strands of genetic material called chromosomes. Arranged along the chromosomes, like beads on a thread, are nearly 100,000 genes. Genes are the fundamental unit of heredity. They instruct the body cells to make proteins drat determine everydiing from hair color to susceptibility to diseases. Each gene is actually composed of DNA specifically designed to carry out a single body function. Scientists have determined that DNA is die substance by which genetic instructions are passed from one generation to the next. (Saferstein 353-394)
DNA profiling has helped investigators solve crimes and ensure that diose guilty of crimes are convicted in court. Profiling is the examination of DNA samples from a body substance or fluid to determine whether they came from a particular subject. For example, semen on a rape victim's clothing can be positively or negatively compared with a suspect's semen.
police laboratories. Smaller departments may contract with large county crime labs or state police crime labs. Some departments use die services of the FBI lab. (Durose 1)
Private (nongovernment) labs are taking on greater importance in the U.S. legal system. Their analyses are increasingly being introduced into criminal and civil trials, often not only as evidence but also to contradict evidence presented by .
InstructionsView CAAE Stormwater video Too Big for Our Ditches.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
View CAAE Stormwater video "Too Big for Our Ditches"
http://www.ncsu.edu/wq/videos/stormwater%20video/SWvideo.html
Explain how impermeable surfaces in the urban environment impact the stream network in a river basin. Why is watershed management an important consideration in urban planning? Unload you essay (200-400 words).
Neal.LarryBUS457A7.docx
Question 1
Problem:
It is not certain about the relationship between age, Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Goal:
To establish the relationship between age Y, as a function of systolic blood pressure.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available data, the relationship is obtained and shown below:
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
SBP 1 2933 2933.1 21.33 0.000
Error 28 3850 137.5
Lack-of-Fit 21 2849 135.7 0.95 0.575
Pure Error 7 1002 143.1
Total 29 6783
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
11.7265 43.24% 41.21% 3.85%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -18.3 13.9 -1.32 0.198
SBP 0.4454 0.0964 4.62 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -18.3 + 0.4454 SBP
It is found that there is an outlier in the dataset, which significantly affect the regression equation. As a result, the outlier is removed, and the regression analysis is run again.
Regression Analysis: Age versus SBP
Analysis of Variance
Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value
Regression 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
SBP 1 4828.5 4828.47 66.81 0.000
Error 27 1951.4 72.27
Lack-of-Fit 20 949.9 47.49 0.33 0.975
Pure Error 7 1001.5 143.07
Total 28 6779.9
Model Summary
S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)
8.50139 71.22% 70.15% 66.89%
Coefficients
Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF
Constant -59.9 12.9 -4.63 0.000
SBP 0.7502 0.0918 8.17 0.000 1.00
Regression Equation
Age = -59.9 + 0.7502 SBP
The p-value for the model is 0.000, which implies that the model is significant in the prediction of Age. The R-square of the model is 70.2%, implies that 70.2% of variation in age can be explained by the model
Recommendation:
The regression model Age = -59.9 +0.7502 SBP can be used to predict the Age, such that over 70% of variation in Age can be explained by the model.
Question 2
Problem:
It is not sure that whether the factors X1 to X4 which represents four different success factors have any influences on the annual savings as a result of CRM implementation.
Goal:
To determine which of the success factors are most significant in the prediction of a successful CRM program, and develop the corresponding model for the prediction of CRM savings.
Finding/Conclusion:
Based on the available da.
InstructionsUse and add the real life situation provided below t.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
Use and add the real life situation provided below to write this paper. Provide examples to explain the behaviors, and use researched material to support your reasoning.
(Real life situation)
Gender Inequality in the Workplace: Sexual Harassment against Women
Although many women have been confident enough to report sexual harassment in the workplace, it is still very hard and uncomfortable for other women to stand up and also makes it more surprising how many of these incidences are still taking place every day. Workplace sexual harassment goes for both genders and it’s even harder for men since they are always viewed as the aggressors and superior gender and the mindset of our society shapes a lot of what we perceive is okay and normal behavior towards each other.
One interesting experience I heard of recently was involving a female service member and her superiors. This female works in an office with about four other males who are very aware about her feelings towards the behavior of her superior who happens to work outside of that specific office. The superior officer comes in everyday to check up on their work, make small talk with the guys and also has a habit of always rubbing her shoulders when he walks over to her desk. She explains that the first time it happened she thought it was odd being that she doesn’t have that type of relationship with him and gave him a pass, but then it became a an everyday thing. She tried tactics such as getting up from her desk, walking away from him and even voiced to the other males how uncomfortable it made her; they thought it was funny. They too had a complaint about him on making them feel uncomfortable: he had a habit of grabbing and scratching his private parts; but accepted it as a guy thing and would be viewed in a negative way if they reported. Her reason for not reporting was because she was afraid to get him in trouble, he had a family and wouldn’t dare to jeopardize his career, or even worse be criticized for making a big deal out of nothing after all its just a shoulder rub.
Required Elements:
· Describe the situation in detail; already mentioned above;
· Analyze the differences in communication, problem-solving, and leadership between the men and the women in the situation;
· Did any stereotypical notions seem to influence the behaviors of the women and the men involved in the situation? If so, explain what were they? If not, indicate so.
· Identify challenges related to gender in the situation described.
· Identify best practices that address the challenges identified.
· Devise three to five action plans that could be implemented to strengthen the behaviors of men and women in the workplace. Action plans can be implements by HR, a management or manager, CEO, or employee. Make sure to provide ideas as to why the action plan is necessary or would be useful in the workplace.
· Do not offer o.
InstructionsThe objective of this assessment is to demonstrate y.docxdirkrplav
The document outlines improvements made to the recruitment and selection processes at Southwood School. It identifies weaknesses in the original processes, such as relying only on newspaper advertisements and limited selection methods. The HR manager led changes including expanding recruitment methods by adding a school website and emphasizing internal recruitment. Selection methods were enhanced by adding teaching observations and involving student interview panels to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of candidates. The revisions aimed to attract a more diverse candidate pool, provide a better candidate experience, and make selection decisions based on a wider range of skills and feedback.
InstructionsThis assignment will be checked using anti-plagia.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
This assignment will be checked using anti-plagiarism software and returned to your instructor with an originality report.
After Completion of Lab 2, Students Must complete a one page paper on a topic of their choice from the material covered in Lab 2.
It should include your name and a topic title.
It should be 1 page, 12 pt font, double spaced.
References (with whatever format you are comfortable using)should be included at the end of your paper.
This assignment is due by the Sunday, 15 November, at 11:55pm MST. (Students with Makeup Lab approval will complete the assignment after Makeup Lab).
Please attach using one of the following formats (.doc .pdf or .txt)
Turn the paper into the "Exams, Lab Reports and Research Paper" Link For Lab 1 Report.
Grading Criteria:
Lab Report Must be at least one page. (-5 for shortness of submission).
Additional page with References (use reference format you are familiar using) (-5 for no references).
Lab Report must explain how topic is discovered, developed, and applied....not a restatement of the Lab Activity. (-5 for explaining the Lab Activity).
Turn in your Report on time. (- 5 points deducted per week for late submissions!!! )
Choose ONE of the following topics:
-Light Box II: Color.
-Rainbow.
-Blue Sky.
-Interference.
-Polarizers.
-Ultraviolet Light.
-Infrared Light. (IR).
-Computer Optical Microscope.
-X-ray Fluorescence.
-Scanning Electron Microscopy.
-Optical Microscopy.
“When you’re a Spy, your job title can be anything, from Manager to Waiter, even criminal. The reason for the multitude of names? As a Spy, your job is to gather information from a range of sources, and you need to do it in any way you can. That includes putting on a disguise.
There are a few different paths that you can take to get into this career, and you can focus on a range of specialties, from technical to languages. The title “Spy” isn’t really used anymore. Instead, you’re now called a Covert Investigator or, more broadly, a CIA Agent. Whatever the title, it means you investigate and protect US interests abroad.
You investigate things like terrorism, fraud, corrupt governments, and a wide variety of other crimes. Your job is to keep Policymakers and the President of the United States aware and informed on the happenings around the world.
You can find the information you need in a lot of different ways. You might get to go undercover and pretend to be a different person, but for the most part, your job is much more routine. You carry out interviews with informants and allied Agents, analyze data, and read through research. You look for possible international problems, such as civil unrest, war, famine—anything that can cause problems for the United States.
This job involves a lot of collaboration and communication. You work with other Agents, international police forces, or informants. The informants you work with are usually average people, so the ability to speak their language is a big plus.”.
instructionss.docxjust to make sure againi need u to ext.docxdirkrplav
This document provides instructions to extend a report on the design and analysis of electrical power transmission towers from 40 to 65 pages by adding several new chapters and sections. It then provides the content for these new sections, including expanding the literature review, conclusions and recommendations section. It also includes the content for a sample transmission tower design project report, providing details on the introduction, aims, loads on towers, literature review, analysis and design of a sample 220kV transmission tower.
InstructionsProvide an analysis of the affects of the publics.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Provide an analysis of the affects of the publics widespread interest on televised crime dramas on the manner that the criminal justice system is administered.
1 page in length
12 pt font
Double Spaced
Arial or Times New Roman
APA formatted references for any quoted or paraphrased material
.
This document contains instructions for an open book exam with multiple choice and word problems related to statistics. It provides 14 questions testing concepts like types of statistical tests to use for different data, hypotheses for statistical tests, interpreting statistical output, and correctly identifying variables and appropriate statistical analyses for different datasets. Datasets are provided in separate tabs for questions requiring calculations and analysis of real data.
InstructionsPlease answer the following question in a minimum.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Please answer the following question in a minimum of 500 words. Be sure to include 2 citations.
Question:
On August 31, 2010, Chickasaw Industries issued $25 million of its 30-year, 6% convertible bonds dated August 31, priced to yield 5%. The bonds are convertible at the option of the investors into 1,500,000 shares of Chickasaw's common stock. Chickasaw records interest expense at the effective rate. On August 31, 2013, investors in Chickasaw's convertible bonds tendered 20% of the bonds for conversion into common stock that had a market value of $20 per share on the date of the conversion. On January 1, 2012, Chickasaw Industries issued $40 million of its 20-year, 7% bonds dated January 1 at a price to yield 8%. On December 31, 2013, the bonds were extinguished early through acquisition in the open market by Chickasaw for $40.5 million.
Required:
1.
Using the book value method, would recording the conversion of the 6% convertible bonds into common stock affect earnings? If so, by how much? Would earnings be affected if the market value method is used? If so, by how much?
2.
Were the 7% bonds issued at face value, at a discount, or at a premium? Explain.
3.
Would the amount of interest expense for the 7% bonds be higher in the first year or second year of the term to maturity? Explain.
4.
How should gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt be determined? Does the early extinguishment of the 7% bonds result in a gain or loss? Explain.
Statistics Questions to Answer.doc.rtf
2
*Note: An Excel Workbook has also been uploaded. Within that workbook are 8 XLS files which are included in 8 separate tabs. These files will be needed to answer most of the questions.This work is due Friday, September 19th
Q1)Fill in the blanks (show your work).
Variable
N
Mean
Median
TrMean
StDev
haircut
171
23.17
17.00
21.14
18.20
sleep
171
6.6477
7.0000
6.6487
0.8396
age
171
27.421
27.000
27.098
3.646
Correlations:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
sleep
-0.117
age
0.062
(1)
Covariances:haircut,sleep, age
haircut
sleep
age
haircut
(2)_
sleep
-1.79232
0.70491
age
4.12314
-0.45372
13.29226
Blank 1 =
Blank 2 =
Q2)Is the following statement correct? Explain why or why not.
“A correlation of 0 implies that no relationship exists between the two variables under study.”
Q3)Does how long children remain at the lunch table help predict how much they eat? The data in file lunchtime.xls (File is in Tab#1 of Excel Workbook) gives information on 20 toddlers observed over several months at a nursery school. “Time” is the average number of minutes a child spent at the table when lunch was served. “Calories” is the average number of calories the child consumed during lunch, calculated from careful observation of what the child ate each day.
Findthecorrelationforthesedata.
Supposeweweretorecordtimeatthetableinhoursratherthaninminutes.Howwouldthecorrelationchange?Why?
Writeasentenceortwoexplainingwhatthiscorrelationmeansfort.
InstructionsMy report is about the future of work and focuses the .docxdirkrplav
Instructions
My report is about the future of work and focuses the role of a woman. I have already done some work for this report. Down below you will see the points we spoke about in the report and why we chose this subject. More importantly, you will also see the scenario we came up with and the framing questions we created. You will need both the scenario and framing questions and write a summary about it in 600 words. I need you to do this section:
*Scenario plan: Working together the group is required to construct a future scenario using the scenario template. The completed scenario will be attached in the appendix. You will need to insert in your report a summary of your future scenario identifying the evidence/trends it is based upon, framing questions and key elements around work that are relevant to your analysis to the future of work (Approx 600 words). (The template & framing questions should be in your appendix.)Introduction
· The future of work will have an impact on women in terms of employment and job positions in an organization.
· Corporations will be equally hiring men and women based on their skills and knowledge.
· The wage gap between genders will decrease in the near future.
· Women will become more independent leading the marriage rates to drop.
· When it comes to politics, the role of a women in a less developed country will change significantly as women are now allowed to vote and become members of the parliament. Rationale
· Theme: Gender and diversity
· Why?
Coming from an Arab country, we have noticed many changes in the typical role of women all around the world. We noticed that women are starting to change their habits and lifestyle. Women are becoming highly educated, searching for independence, and working more to enhance their career path. Women are no longer categorized as the traditional housewivesScenario: Everything Will Change“Post-Fordism”
Society and culture
-Feminized values
-Women and men equally valued
-Make, do, and mend culture
-Increasing diversity
Family life
-Parents work long hours little time for kids
-Schools and institutions take greater responsibility for children
-Men contribute equally for child rearing, housework and time at work
Education
-Vocational
-Individual happiness linked to societal outcomes
The workplace
-Pay gap decrease between genders
-Equality between genders
-Even value of diversity
-Women greater presence in public, business life
-Responsible and ethical corporations
The environment
-No clean energy developed
-Wealthy nations survive while poor nations don’t do so well
Science and technology
-High surveillance of all citizens
-Innovation is highly valued
-Highly networked
-Development of new technology with few people to afford it
Politics
-Single party dominates
-Strong alliances between countries
-People vote according to policies that value social and environmental outcomes
-Women politicians increase
-Governmental regulations change regarding expatriates
Economics.
InstructionsInstructions for the Microsoft Excel TemplatesThis wor.docxdirkrplav
This document provides instructions for completing Microsoft Excel templates for a grading assignment. It explains that only the provided workbook should be submitted and that it contains the assignment details. Students should enter their name and solve problems by filling in highlighted cells with account titles, values, formulas, and text explanations. The templates are formatted to print on standard paper sizes and use standard accounting formatting like commas. Students should leverage features like split panes and lookup formulas to assist with copying data accurately. Sample templates are provided for problems on income statements, retained earnings statements, and long-term construction contracts.
InstructionsResearch and write a brief answer to the following .docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Research and write a brief answer to the following question. Your response should be between 150-300 words. Your work should follow the conventions of Standard American English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.). Your writing should be well ordered, logical and unified, as well as original and insightful. Furthermore, all sources used should be properly cited using APA formatting. You can find a blank assignment template in the Doc Sharing.
Question:
Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is a management philosophy and a management method. Identify and explain the philosophical and methodological characteristics of CQI. Select the characteristic you find most valuable and explain why.
.
Instructionsinstructions.docxFinal Lab ReportYou are requ.docxdirkrplav
Instructions/instructions.docx
Final Lab Report
You are required to write a complete laboratory report that covers all three experiments for "Lab 2: Water Quality and Contamination," using knowledge gained throughout the course. To begin, download the Final Lab Report Template and utilize this form to ensure proper formatting and inclusion of all required material. Additionally, view the Sample Final Lab Report before beginning this assignment, which will illustrate what a Final Lab Report should look like. You must use at least four scholarly sources and your lab manual to support your points. The report must be six to ten pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Ashford Writing Center, located within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar.
The Final Lab Report must contain the following eight sections in this order:
1. Title Page – This page must include the title of your report, your name, course name, instructor, and date submitted.
2. Abstract – This section should provide a brief summary of the methods, results, and conclusions. It should allow the reader to see what was done, how it was done, and the results. It should not exceed 200 words and should be the last part written (although it should still appear right after the title page).
3. Introduction – This section should include background information on water quality and an overview of why the experiment was conducted. It should first contain background information of similar studies previously conducted. This is accomplished by citing existing literature from similar experiments. Secondly, it should provide an objective or a reason why the experiment is being done. Why do we want to know the answer to the question we are asking? Finally, it should end with all three hypotheses from your Week Two experiments. These hypotheses should not be adjusted to reflect the “right” answer. Simply place your previous hypotheses in the report here. You do not lose points for an inaccurate hypothesis; scientists often revise their hypotheses based on scientific evidence following the experiments.
4. Materials and Methods – This section should provide a detailed description of the materials used in your experiment and how they were used. A step-by-step rundown of your experiment is necessary; however, it should be done in paragraph form, not in a list format. The description should be exact enough to allow for someone reading the report to replicate the experiment, however, it should be in your own words and not simply copied and pasted from the lab manual.
5. Results – This section should include the data and observations from the experiment. All tables and graphs should be present in this section. In addition to the tables, you must describe the data in text; however, there should be no personal opinions or discussion outside of the results located within t.
INSTRUCTIONSInstructionsPlease evaluate, display, and interpret t.docxdirkrplav
This Excel document contains instructions to evaluate, display, and interpret a dataset measuring the number of members seen in an office each week over the course of a year. The evaluator is asked to use descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, charts, tables and graphs to analyze the data and tell an easy to understand story about what the data shows to executive leadership. The dataset lists the week of the year and corresponding number of members seen for each of the 52 weeks.
InstructionsEach of your 2 replies must contain at least .docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
Each of your 2 replies must contain at least 1 or 2 paragraphs including a minimum of 200 words. One of your replies must cover a topic different than the one you discussed in your thread. Seek to understand your classmate’s thread, including the economic theory and facts he/she presented as well as his/her points of view and real-world example. Aim to communicate your own understanding of relevant facts, your values, and your perspective on the topic. Each reply must contain at least 1 citation in current APA format.
Reply to these two:
#1 Monica
Three types of Unemployment
Unemployment is divided into three categories by economist: frictional, structural, and cyclical. Frictional unemployment is unemployment due to constant changes in the economy that prevent qualified unemployed workers from being immediately matched up with existing job openings (Gwartney et al.) Structural unemployment is unemployment due to structural characteristics of the economy that make it difficult for job seekers to find employment to hire workers (Gwartney et al.) Cyclical unemployment is unemployment due to recessionary business conditions and inadequate labor demand (Gwartney et al.)
“Frictional unemployment is not as harmful to an economy as other types of unemployment, such as cyclical and structural unemployment. That's because a rise in frictional unemployment is simply an increase of workers moving toward better positions (Amadeo).”
Frictional unemployment comes from imperfect information. An example would be most businesses now when they are in the hiring process they will do a bunch of interviews and spend money trying to find the best person for that job. The people who are looking for jobs are constantly looking on the internet, the newspaper, local bulletin boards, and social media for the right job that fits them. In the county I live with I see a lot of structural unemployment. People that do have job openings require education; the ones who are unemployed have no education so they aren’t qualified. A lot of office jobs require you to have computer knowledge. Around my home town, there is very little education especially when it comes to technology. The last type of unemployment we see happening today all around the world. Businesses are cutting back and laying employees off. Where I currently work, when someone leaves, they aren’t filling the positions. We have to do more work with fewer employees.
I have a friend who lost her job and I try to encourage her to never give up and keep her faith. Philippians 4:5 states, “Do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your request be made known to God.” That is a good scripture for everyone who is unemployed to keep in mind. Times can be tough when you are looking for a job, but the Bible tells us to never give up, and pray about it.
Amadeo, K. (2014). Frictional Unemployment. US Economy. Retrieved from
http://useconomy.
InstructionsInstructions for numberguessernumberGuesser.html.docxdirkrplav
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Instructions/Instructions for shoerental/ShoeRentalClass.html
Instructions/lab4.docx
1. Complete the Programmers Workshop on pg 313-316 (Including Detective Work). Upload the numberGuesser.html file here.
2. Complete the Object Lesson on pg 316-320 (Including Detective Work). Upload the ShoeRentalClass.html page you create here.
Introduction to Unix - POS420
Unix Lab Exercise Week 5
Job Control :
1. How to suspend the jobs running in foreground ?
Open a file in vi and press CTRL-Z to put it into background
$ vi filename
CTRL-Z
filename[New file]
[1] + Stopped vi filename
$
where 1 is the job number, + or - make the current and previous jobs.
2. How to make it run in foreground ?
You can use fg command to make it run in foreground. If more than one job is suspended, you can use fg %n where n is the number is the sequence of the process to make that process come in foreground.
$ fg %1
Now you will see vi editor again.
3. How to make it run in background ? (Only stopped jobs)
You can use bg command to make it run in background. If more than one job is suspended, you can use bg %n where n is the number is the sequence of the process to make that process come in background.
Let us suspend this job one more time.
$ vi filename
CTRL-Z
filename[New file]
[1] + Stopped vi filename
$
Let us run in background .
$ bg %1
4. Another way to suspend a job by using kill command.
Run vi in this session.
Open another connection through telnet. Now you have two sessions.
Type ps command to see what processes are running.
$ ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND
5226 q7 S 0:01 -ksh (ksh) - This is new shell
6314 q7 R 0:00 ps
5487 ub S 0:00 -ksh (ksh) - This is previous shell
6312 ub S 0:00 vi filename - vi is running in previous session.
Now send a STOP signal to the process. kill -l will give you a lo\ist of signals.
$ kill -STOP 6312
Now you will see this in the other session
[1] + Stopped (signal) vi filename
To .
InstructionsI need 3 pages of the four questions. That is abo.docxdirkrplav
Instructions:
I need 3 pages of the four questions. That is about 200 words for each question. The answers MUST be articulate and to the point. I do not pay for shoddy work. Give me a paragraph for each question. Use the links given for each question as your sources. You can seek outside references as additional sources if need be. Thank you.
2. How did Hellenism spread, how far did it spread, and what effects did it have on both Greeks and those unfamiliar with Greek culture? Give some examples of Hellenistic influences on the Mediterranean world and its culture post Alexander the Great.
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/peloponnesian-war http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/haht/hd_haht.htm http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/ArrAlex.html
3. What were the main achievements and failures of the Roman Republic? Give some examples of some of the issues that impacted Roman life and society during the Republic and discuss these. How did the crisis of leadership in the late Republic lead to civil war, particularly after the assassination of Julius Caesar?
http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Roman_Republic.html http://www.class.uh.edu/mcl/classics/Rom/Livy.html
4. Augustus effectively became the first Roman Emperor in 31 BC and initiated a series of reforms that began a 200 year period of relative tranquility, peace, and prosperity for Rome and its Empire. Why were his successors, particularly after 180 AD, generally not as successful in expanding upon his achievements?
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/ http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/nicolaus.html
5. How did Christian ideas and practices respond to changing political and social circumstances in the later Roman Empire? What appeal did Christianity have for Romans at this time, and what accounted for its spread? What role did the Emperor Constantine play in its success?
http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-empire/causes-for-the-fall-of-the-roman-empire.htm http://www.westmont.edu/~fisk/articles/TacitusAndPlinyOnTheEarlyChristians.html
.
InstructionsFor this assignment, collect data exhibiting a relat.docxdirkrplav
Instructions
For this assignment, collect data exhibiting a relatively linear trend, find the line of best fit, plot the data and the line, interpret the slope, and use the linear equation to make a prediction. Also, find r2 (coefficient of determination) and r (correlation coefficient). Discuss your findings. Your topic may be that is related to sports, your work, a hobby, or something you find interesting. If you choose, you may use the suggestions described below.
A Linear Model Example and Technology Tips are provided in separate documents.
Tasks for Linear Regression Model (LR)
(LR-1) Describe your topic, provide your data, and cite your source. Collect at least 8 data points. Label appropriately. (Highly recommended: Post this information in the Linear Model Project discussion as well as in your completed project. Include a brief informative description in the title of your posting. Each student must use different data.)
The idea with the discussion posting is two-fold: (1) To share your interesting project idea with your classmates, and (2) To give me a chance to give you a brief thumbs-up or thumbs-down about your proposed topic and data. Sometimes students get off on the wrong foot or misunderstand the intent of the project, and your posting provides an opportunity for some feedback. Remark: Students may choose similar topics, but must have different data sets. For example, several students may be interested in a particular Olympic sport, and that is fine, but they must collect different data, perhaps from different events or different gender.
(LR-2) Plot the points (x, y) to obtain a scatterplot. Use an appropriate scale on the horizontal and vertical axes and be sure to label carefully. Visually judge whether the data points exhibit a relatively linear trend. (If so, proceed. If not, try a different topic or data set.)
(LR-3) Find the line of best fit (regression line) and graph it on the scatterplot. State the equation of the line.
(LR-4) State the slope of the line of best fit. Carefully interpret the meaning of the slope in a sentence or two.
(LR-5) Find and state the value of r2, the coefficient of determination, and r, the correlation coefficient. Discuss your findings in a few sentences. Is r positive or negative? Why? Is a line a good curve to fit to this data? Why or why not? Is the linear relationship very strong, moderately strong, weak, or nonexistent?
(LR-6) Choose a value of interest and use the line of best fit to make an estimate or prediction. Show calculation work.
(LR-7) Write a brief narrative of a paragraph or two. Summarize your findings and be sure to mention any aspect of the linear model project (topic, data, scatterplot, line, r, or estimate, etc.) that you found particularly important or interesting.
Scatterplots, Linear Regression, and Correlation [Section 1.4, starting on page 114 in the textbook]
When we have a set of data, often we would like to develop a model that fits the data.
First .
InstructionsFor this week’s assignment, you will synthesize the .docxdirkrplav
Instructions
For this week’s assignment, you will synthesize the most relevant information in the situation below, and present a solution in your own words, using your own analysis. You will not use all of the information included in the scenario. Remember it is not appropriate to cut and paste entire sections from the situation to substitute for your own analysis.
The objective of the assignment is to organize your message in a way that will be most effective in persuading the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to take action.
Situation: Convincing the CEO to Approve a Public Relations Plan
You are the director of public relations for Easy to Be Green, the innovative new company that helps homeowners, businesses, and municipalities become more environmentally friendly. The company has been active in environmental issues in the community since its founding a few years ago and generally has good community relations. Recently EBG’s director of research, who is strongly opinionated about environmental issues, spoke in public about the environmental practices of some local companies who employ many people in the community. Lately, you’ve found that some of your local contacts seem a little less interested in EBG’s public relations initiatives, and there has even been a small drop in sales. There may be no connections between these events, but you want to be proactive about the company’s community relations.
You also want to protect the company against charges of hypocrisy. The other day you as walked through the parking lot, it occurred to you that the majority of the employees drive SUVs, pick-ups, and other kinds of gas guzzlers. This includes the CEO, whose family car is a luxury sedan. The company’s delivery and service vans are also not the most environmentally-friendly vehicles.
After a little research, you come up with a tentative plan. You have learned that a local hybrid car dealership has been offering an interesting deal. Employees of companies that buy hybrids as company vehicles can get discounts when they buy hybrids for themselves. You think that the company should consider purchasing a couple of hybrid vans and encourage employees to buy hybrids for themselves by offering substantial rebates for these purchases. You want to get the CEO’s approval before you pursue this idea any further. You anticipate that he will have significant resistance. The company vehicles are not due for replacement, and the rebates to employees could add up to quite a lot if many employees take up the offer. On the other hand, if only a few employees take up the offer, a significant environmental initiative will seem like a failure. The CEO is a risk-taker in terms of business initiatives but tends to be conservative in management practices. He might also be a little defensive about the hybrid promotion plan because of his own vehicle choices.
You feel strongly that the potential benefits of this plan—in long-term savings on gas, in goo.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
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How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Individual Worksheet& Feedback Schools of Buddhism Presentation.docx
1. Individual Worksheet& Feedback:
Schools of Buddhism Presentation
This grade will be added to your in-class presentation grade on
the feedback form for that part of the assignment.
NAME:
DATE:
SPEAKER NOTES (10 points)
Which question or questions from the bulleted list in the
instructions did you help research and present in class? List
each below, and paste your speaker notes for that topic in the
box. If you researched and presented on additional related
topics, list those and corresponding speaker notes below as
well. Use as many sections as needed to provide information
about your topics and corresponding speaker notes. You may
leave any unneeded sections of this part of the worksheet blank.
Speaker notes will NOT be graded for mechanics, but on
content alone.
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
QUESTION or TOPIC:
SPEAKER NOTES (paste in box below)
2. Points for Speaker Notes: xx/10
RESEARCH LOG (10 points)
In the box below, list all resources used in your portion of the
presentation. Do not just paste in links to websites. Provide
proper APA formatted reference citations for these resources.
Proper APA formatting? √ or X
Points for Research Log: xx/10
EVALUATION ESSAY (20 points)
In the box below, provide an evaluation of the collaborative
experience on this project from your personal point of view.
· Did things go smoothly or were there some bumps along the
way?
· If there were some conflicts, how did the Team resolve them?
· Was the work divided fairly or did some members seem to do
more than others? (You are not being asked to name names or
point fingers.)
· What did you learn about collaborating with a group of people
on a project?
· Did you find this to be a valuable experience? Why, or why
not?
You may write in first-person voice, since this is a personal
account. Write at least 150 words, answering all questions. Use
good mechanics—proper punctuation, grammar, and spelling.
START ESSAY:
xxx/150 words √ or X Mechanics? √ or X
Points for Evaluation Essay: xx/20
TOTAL Points for Individual Worksheet: Schools of Buddhism
Speaker Notes: xx/10 + Research Log: xx/10 + Evaluation
3. Essay: xx/20 = xx/40
1
NOTE: The feedback form for your presentation is below. Do
not write anything below this point.
Adapted from University of Phoenix Material: “Buddhism
Presentation,” REL/133, Version 4
Oral Presentation Feedback - Week 3: Schools of Buddhism
Student: Your Name
Course: REL/133: World Religious Traditions I
Date: Date Due
Assignment: Schools of Buddhism Presentation
Content (30%)
Instructions from the Syllabus:
PART I (75 points)
In collaboration with your Learning Team, complete the
following:
Choose, with your assigned Learning Team, one of the
following schools of Buddhism prior to Week 2, and sign up
during the Week 2 class. This will require discussion and
collaboration. Choose ONE school of Buddhism for the entire
Learning Team.
· Theravada Buddhism
· Mahayana Buddhism
· Vajrayana Buddhism
· Zen Buddhism (as a special school of Mahayana Buddhism)
· Additional topics in Buddhism may be assigned if more teams
are present
Research the chosen school of Buddhism using the course
4. textbook, reserve readings, and any other resources supplied
with this course. Do not use outside resources without first
getting instructor approval.
Create a 10- to 12-minute, 10- to 15-slide Microsoft®
PowerPoint® presentation with speaker notes. Speaker notes
should be included in the "Notes" section of each slide, and
should match the speaker notes submitted individually by each
Learning Team member.
Address the following in your presentation:
· Briefly explain the basic teachings of Buddhism (use the
textbook)
· Explain what makes the chosen school of Buddhism unique
(you may use the textbook and additional resources as described
above)
Include citations IN YOUR SLIDES for both information and
images.
Include a reference slide listing all resources for both
information and images.
Format citations and the reference slide consistent with APA
guidelines.
Submit the Buddhism Presentation. This should be done by the
Team Leader or Administrator.
Present the Buddhism Presentation in class with your Learning
Team.
PART II(50 points)
Complete and submit the Individual Worksheet for the
Buddhism Presentation. EACH Learning Team member will
submit this document separately.
5. SEE SYLLABUS FOR ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS.
Content presented is comprehensive, accurate, and believable.
Key points are noted. Topic is researched adequately.
References are cited.
Points: xx/18
◊ Length: # minutes◊ Number of Slides: # slides
◊ Speaker notes in notes section of slides? √ or X
◊ School of Buddhism Chosen: School of Buddhism
◊ Presentation addresses the following (as applicable to
individual students’ assigned topics):
◊ Briefly explains the basic teachings of Buddhism√ or X
Comments
◊ Explains what makes the chosen school of Buddhism
unique√ or X Comments
◊ Citations in slides? √ or X Comments
◊ Reference slide? √ or X Comments
◊ APA used in citations & references? √ or X Comments
◊ Reference slide? √ or X Comments
◊ Is content:
Comprehensive? √ or X Accurate? √ or X Believable? √ or
X
◊ Key points noted? √ or X ◊ Research is adequate? √ or X
6. Additional Comments: Comments
Organization/Structure (20%)
· Presentation is well-organized, clear, and effectively
structured
· Individual portion is well-integrated within whole presentation
· There is an introduction to gain the audience’s attention and
explain the purpose of the presentation, and a conclusion to sum
it up.
Points: xx/12
Organization & Structure? √ or X
Introduction: √ or X Conclusion: √ or X
Style/Presentation/Appearance (15%)
· Dress and grooming are appropriate to setting
· Non-verbal cues/gestures are appropriate to flow of ideas
· Content knowledge/confidence are evident
· Time was used well/not rushed nor too brief
Points: xx/9
Dress/Grooming? √ or X Non-verbal cues/gestures? √ or X
Knowledge/Confidence? √ or X Time used well? √ or X
Use of Visual Aids (15%)
· Visual aids are used where appropriate
· Visual aids are appropriately professional given context
· Visual aids/slides are easy to see and read
· Media are used correctly—i.e., videos, computer-generated
slides, etc.
· Visual aids contribute to the overall effectiveness
Points: xx/9
Are Visual Aids:
7. Professional? √ or X Easy to see/read? √ or X
Do they contribute to effectiveness? √ or X
Audience Participation (10%)
· The presenter involved the audience and solicited feedback
· Questions from the audience were effectively addressed and
answered correctly
Points: xx/6
Involved audience? √ or X Solicited audience feedback? √ or
X
Answered questions correctly? √ or X
Adherence to Time Limit (10%)
· The presenter stayed within the allotted time limit
· The presenter filled the required time length adequately
(Failure to do either may result in a deduction of points)
Points: xx/6
Stayed within time limits ? √ or X
Filled required length? √ or X
Comments/Grade
Points: xx/60 (in-class presentation) + xx/40 (individual
worksheet) = xxx/100 = X
Your name, comments
Adapted from University of Phoenix Material: “Buddhism
Presentation,” REL/133, Version 4
Using the Ashford University Library as a resource, find two
articles that discuss financial ratio analysis. Identify two
advantages and two disadvantages to using ratios in financial
analysis. Be sure to cite your sources using APA format as
8. outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
The video focuses on profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and
stability of business. Given what you have learned about ratio
analysis, choose one of the businesses from the video (Rose
Chong Costumes, Anro’s Floor Maintenance, or John Osborne’s
Gym and Squash Center) and identify two ratios that would be
helpful for the owner of the business to monitor. Be sure to
explain what the ratio would tell the owner, and how it can be
improved for the business.
D2: This assignment is NOT about the ratio groups, but rather
about selecting two specific ratios from these groups.
Please write the equations for the selected financial ratios, and
explain the importance of these ratios.
Buddhism WorksheetName:Date:
Complete this assignment using the assigned Week 3 textbook
reading, Chapter 3: Buddhism in Experiencing the World’s
Religions, as your sole resource. Do not use outside resources.
(DO NOT Google these questions for answers. You risk
committing plagiarism if you do this.) All the information you
need for this assignment is in the textbook. READ the textbook,
and USE the textbook as your ONLY resource.
Cite all paraphrased material (anything not common knowledge)
according to APA guidelines. You may use quotations in your
answers, but you must cite appropriately for a quotation, which
means: use quotation marks and include the page number in the
in-text citation. Mechanics count! Use good grammar and
proper punctuation. Write in complete sentences. If you have
questions, please ask!
9. Instructions: Write a 200- to 350-word short essay of at least
three paragraphs in response to EACH of the following essay
prompts.
1. Explain the basic Buddhist teachings, including the Three
Marks of Reality, the Four Noble
Truths, and the Noble Eightfold Path.
START ESSAY:
xxx/200-350 words √ or X | 3 paragraphs? √ or X |
Mechanics? √ or X | APA Formatting? √ or X
The Three Marks of Reality: √ or X | The Four Noble Truths: √
or X | The Noble Eightfold Path: √ or X
Points for Essay 1: xx/50
2. Describe the three major Buddhist traditions—Theravada,
Mahayana, and Vajrayana—and how
each tradition developed from the early teachings.
START ESSAY:
xxx/200-350 words √ or X | 3 paragraphs? √ or X |
Mechanics? √ or X | APA Formatting? √ or X
Theravada √ or X | Mahayana √ or X | Vajrayana √ or
X
Points for Essay 2: xx/50
TOTAL Points for Buddhism Worksheet
Essay 1: xx/50 + Essay 2: xx/50 = xxx/100 = X
Comments: xxx
1
11. statue holds your attention, but the crowds soon force you out.
The grounds of the temple are decorated with plants, tall
statues, round stupas, and stones of intriguing shapes. As you
walk among
the objects, you are reminded of a Chinese garden. Your
meandering brings you to another temple, which is not so
obvious.
https://portal.phoenix.edu/content/ebooks/9780078038273-
experiencing-the-worlds-religions.-tradition-
chal/jcr:content/images/122fig01.jpg
10/1/14, 9:24 PM
Page 2 of 46about:blank
The sign says that it is Wat Po. You walk through a square door
and at first see nothing except the base of a large square pillar
on
your right. As your eyes adjust to the dimmer light, the outline
of a huge Buddha emerges on your left. The building is very
long—
maybe 100 feet (30 meters)—but the statue barely fits inside.
First you see the long reclining body. Then you see the golden
face high
up. At the far end of the hall, you see two huge feet and ten
toes. There are only a few people here. It is fairly quiet. All you
hear is the
sound of metal hitting metal somewhere behind the Buddha
figure.
In front of the statue is an arrangement of pink water lilies. One
person stands there quietly in prayer. You walk to the same spot
and
12. stop to look and absorb. The Buddha’s face is happy. The
Buddha is unmoving, and his square feet seem equally at peace.
What is he
thinking? What story in his life does this image present?
You continue on, walking to the feet of the statue. You notice
that the feet are covered with designs. As you go around the
statue,
you see a few people in the back, dropping coins into metal
bowls before they leave. Then you go out, back to the unusual
garden.
You are full of questions. Who was this person? What important
events happened in his life? Why is he still honored by many
people
around the world today?
The Beginnings of Buddhism: The Life of the Buddha
Buddhism is one of the world’s oldest and most significant
religions. It has spread through most of Asia, influencing the
many cultures
there, and is now gaining followers in the West. But it had its
beginnings in India and arose from the experience of one
person.
India in the fifth century BCE was in a state of religious
ferment. Great enthusiasm for personal religious experience led
people to
experiment with meditation and deep breathing and to study
with gurus. A growing number of schools of philosophy taught
new ways
of thinking, some of which opposed the growth of the priestly
Vedic religion. Into this world came Siddhartha Gautama, who
would
come to be known as the Buddha, or the Awakened One.
14. footsteps,
inheriting his position and becoming a great king, a “world
ruler”; or, if he were exposed to the sight of suffering, he would
become a
great spiritual leader, a “world teacher.”
Siddhartha’s father, wanting his son to succeed him, took
measures to keep the boy from exposure to suffering. Kept in a
large,
walled palace compound, Siddhartha grew up in luxury;
married, at an early age, a young woman his father had chosen;
and had a
son. He was educated and trained as a warrior to prepare for
eventually taking over his father’s role.
All was going according to his father’s plan until Siddhartha
disobeyed his father’s command to not leave the royal grounds.
Visiting
a nearby town, he soon witnessed the suffering of ordinary life.
He saw—and was moved by—what are called the Four Passing
Sights. He came across an old man, crooked and toothless; a
sick man, wasted by disease; and a corpse being taken for
cremation.
Then he saw a sannyasin (a wandering holy man, a renunciate),
who had no possessions but seemed to be at peace.
The paintings in Buddhist temples retell dramatically
Siddhartha’s response to what he saw. At 29, he realized that
his life up until
then had been a pleasant prison, and he saw the same
programmed life stretching forward into his old age. The
suffering he had just
encountered, however, prompted him to question the meaning of
human experience, and it threw him into a depression that kept
him
from enjoying his luxurious and carefree life any longer.
17. tree spirit.) She offered him food, which he accepted gratefully
and ate under the shade of the tree, out of the hot sun. Once
revived,
Siddhartha realized that his austerities had not strengthened him
or brought him any closer to the answers he sought. His five
companions, having discovered Siddhartha’s rejection of
asceticism, abandoned him.
Being a practical person, Siddhartha decided to adopt a path of
moderation—a middle way between self-indulgence and
asceticism.
He went to another tree, now called the Bodhi Tree,2 and sat
facing the east, resolving to remain there in meditation until he
had the
understanding he needed. Various traditions give different
details, but every version talks of his struggle with hunger,
thirst, doubt, and
weakness. Some stories describe the work of an evil spirit,
Mara, and his daughters who tempted Siddhartha with sensuality
and fear.
But Siddhartha resisted all temptation. During one entire night,
as he sat meditating under a full moon, Siddhartha entered
increasingly
profound states of awareness. Legend says that he saw his past
lives, fathomed the laws of karma that govern everyone, and
finally
achieved insight into release from suffering and rebirth.
At last, at dawn, he reached a state of profound understanding,
called his Awakening, or Enlightenment (bodhi). He saw
suffering,
aging, and death in a new way, recognizing them as an
inevitable part of life, but also seeing the possibility of release.
We might
wonder about the influence of the tree and the moon on
Siddhartha. The tree overhead, with its thousands of leaves and
18. twigs,
despite its appearance of permanence, would change, age, and
die; and the full moon, with its brilliant light, was a promise of
new
understanding. Whatever the cause of his enlightenment,
Siddhartha arose and said that he was now a person who had
woken up.
From this came his new name: the Buddha, the Awakened One,
taken from a Sanskrit word meaning “to wake up.”
The Buddha remained for some time at the site of his
enlightenment at Gaya, savoring his new way of looking at life
and continuing
to meditate. Mythic stories relate that during this time, when a
heavy downpour occurred, a cobra raised itself over him to
protect him
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from the rain. (In much of Asia, the snake is not considered a
symbol of evil but rather a protective animal.) At last the
Buddha traveled
west. He explained his awakening to his five former companions
at a deer park at Sarnath, near Benares. Although they had
parted
with him earlier for abandoning his ascetic habits, they
reconciled with him and became his first disciples.
The Buddha spent the rest of his long life traveling from village
20. well-meaning blacksmith named Chunda, but the food was
spoiled
and the Buddha became terribly sick. Sensing that he was dying,
he called his disciples. To those who were crying over his
impending
death, he reminded them that everything must die—even the
Buddha himself. He then offered these final words of advice:
“You must
be your own lamps, be your own refuges. Take refuge in
nothing outside yourselves. Hold firm to the truth as a lamp and
a refuge, and
do not look for refuge to anything besides yourselves.”3 In
other words, the Buddha’s final instruction was this: Trust your
own insights,
and use self-control to reach perfection and inner peace.
Following this pronouncement, the Buddha turned on his right
side and died. The many sculptures and paintings of the so-
called
Reclining Buddha may be images of his serene moment of
death.4 In any case, Buddhists idealize the Buddha’s attitude
toward death
as a model for everyone.
The Basic Teachings of Buddhism
It is impossible to know exactly what the Buddha taught. He did
not write down his teachings, nor did his early disciples. The
only
written versions were recorded several hundred years after his
death, following centuries of being passed on orally—and of
being
interpreted in multiple ways. We must rely on the basic
trustworthiness of both the oral traditions and the many written
texts that pass
on his teachings.
21. The written teachings that have come down to us are in a
number of languages, all of which differ from the language
(apparently a
variation of Magadhi) spoken by the Buddha. One of the most
important languages through which Buddhist teachings have
been
passed down is Pali, a language related to Sanskrit; another is
Sanskrit itself—often called the Latin of India because of its
widespread use in earlier years for scholarly works.
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At the core of what is generally regarded as basic Buddhism are
the Three Jewels (Sanskrit: Triratna; Pali: Tiratana)—that is,
the
Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. The Buddha is thought of
as an ideal human being whom other human beings should
imitate;
the image of him, seated in meditation, is a constant model of
self-control and mindfulness. He is not usually thought of as
being dead
but instead as existing in a timeless dimension beyond the
world. The Dharma (Sanskrit), or Dhamma (Pali), means the
sum total of
Buddhist teachings about how to view the world and how to live
properly. The Sangha is the community of monks and nuns.5
The Buddha’s teachings are like the Buddha himself—practical.
Surrounded in the India of his day by every kind of speculation
22. about the afterlife, the nature of the divine, and other difficult
questions, the Buddha concentrated on what was useful. He
refused to
talk about anything else—a benign neglect that has been called
his noble silence. He said that a person who speculated about
unanswerable questions was like a man who had been wounded
by an arrow but refused to pull it out until he knew everything
about
the arrow and the person who shot it. The wounded man would
die before he could get all the information he wanted.
The Buddha wished to concentrate on the two most important
questions about existence: How can we minimize suffering—
both our
own and that of others? And how can we attain inner peace? The
Buddha’s conclusions are not just intellectual solutions; they
are
also recommendations for a practical way of living. Buddhist
doctrines are not meant to be accepted on blind faith; rather, it
is up to
each individual to experience them first as truths before
accepting them.
The Three Marks of Reality
Common to all forms of Buddhism is a way of looking at the
world. Although this view may seem pessimistic at first, it is
meant to be a
realistic assessment of existence that, when understood,
ultimately helps lead a person to inner peace and even joy.
According to this
view, reality manifests three characteristics: constant change, a
lack of permanent identity, and the existence of suffering. This
view is
the foundation for the Four Noble Truths and the Noble
Eightfold Path, which we will discuss shortly.
24. Even old movies on television and old songs on the radio—the
performers now aged or even long gone—clearly convey the
Buddhist
sense of the inevitability of change. A family gathering can
have the same effect: the death of a much-loved grandparent
may be
contrasted by the sight of a great-grandchild playing in a
playpen in the corner.
People’s viewpoints also change. Think of what the word love
means to a five-year-old, a teenager, a new parent, or a person
who
has lost a spouse. Or imagine hearing the news of a divorce
between two people you thought were well suited and happily
married.
When we truly experience impermanence, we see that all of
reality is in motion all the time, that the universe is in flux. As
the
kaleidoscope of reality slowly turns, its patterns change; and
while old patterns disappear, new patterns are born, all of them
interesting. As the Buddha taught, the wise person expects
change, accepts it, and even savors it. The wise person might
also reflect
that just as pleasures do not last forever, neither do sorrows.
No Permanent Identity
We know that the Buddha urged people to abandon egotism and
a fixation on material objects. Related to this, he denied the
existence of the permanent identity of anything. Thus, the
second mark of reality is that each person and each thing is not
only
changing but is made up of parts that are also constantly
changing, a concept referred to as “no permanent identity.” In
the case of
25. people, it is called “no permanent soul” or “no self.” The Pali
term is anatta; in Sanskrit it is anatman (“no Atman”) because
of the
Buddha’s refusal to accept the Hindu notion of timeless,
unchanging reality (Atman) underlying everything—people,
things, essences,
and gods.
For the sake of logical convenience, we often talk about each
person or thing as if it were a single unified reality. Let us first
consider
something nonhuman, say, a car. We call it a car as if it were
one single reality, but actually it is made up of many things—
glass,
aluminum, rubber, paint, headlights, belts, pistons, wires, and
fluids—many of which are either in need of repair right now or
probably
soon will be.
Then think of how each human being, though called by a single
name, is actually made up of organs, body parts, instincts,
memories, ideas, and hopes—all of which are constantly
changing. Consider also one’s self-perception. I naively think I
am the same
person from day to day, even if I get a haircut or lose weight or
see a film. But if I recall myself at age 10 and then compare that
person
with who I am now, I seem now to be someone quite different.
To the Buddha, to believe that a person has some unchanging
identity or soul is as mistaken as believing that a car has an
unchanging essence. The car is not a car because it has a “car
soul”; rather, it is a car because of a social convention that
refers to its
many related parts by a single word. This tendency is so strong
that we sometimes think that a label (car) is the reality.
26. Although the
Buddhist view may seem strange at first, it is quite rational—
and it helps eliminate surprise when my car won’t start, when a
friend
becomes distant, or when a photo reveals the inevitability of
aging. All these changes show the same process at work.6
Suffering
The third characteristic of reality, known as dukkha (Pali), or
duhkha (Sanskrit), is usually translated as “suffering” or
“sorrow,” but it
also means “dissatisfaction” or “dis-ease.” It refers to the fact
that life, when lived conventionally, can never be fully
satisfying because
of its inescapable change. Even in the midst of pleasure, we
often recognize that pleasure is fleeting. Even when all the bills
are paid,
we know that in a few days there will be more. Try as we might
to put everything in our lives in order, disorder soon reasserts
itself. In
the midst of happy experiences, we may worry about the people
we love. And there are times when ever-changing life brings
misery:
the death of a parent or spouse or child, divorce, sickness, fire,
flood, earthquake, war, the loss of job or home.
Dukkha encompasses the whole range, from horrible suffering
to everyday frustration. Someone once compared the
inevitability of
dukkha to buying a new car. Your car brings the pleasures of
mobility and pride of ownership, but as you go for your first
ride you know
what lies ahead: insurance premiums, routine maintenance, and
costly repairs.
27. The Buddha concluded that to live means inescapably to
experience sorrow and dissatisfaction. But he analyzed the
nature and
causes of suffering much like a doctor would diagnose an
illness—in order to understand and overcome them. Those who
say that
Buddhism pessimistically focuses on suffering do not see the
hopeful purpose behind that focus. Indeed, no one can escape
suffering,
but each person can decide how to respond to it, as indicated in
the Four Noble Truths.
The Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path
Perhaps to aid in their memorization, some Buddhist teachings
were grouped into fours and eights. The Four Noble Truths are a
linked
chain of truths about life: (1) suffering exists; (2) it has a cause;
(3) it has an end; and (4) there is a way to attain release from
suffering
—namely, by following the Noble Eightfold Path. Let’s look at
each concept more closely.
The First Noble Truth: To Live Is to Suffer
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To say it perhaps more descriptively, “birth is attended with
pain, decay is painful, disease is painful, death is painful.”7
Having a body
means that we can be tired and sick. Having a mind means that
we can be troubled and discouraged. We have so many daily
28. duties
that our lives become a long list of things-to-do, and we feel
like jugglers trying to keep too many balls spinning in the air.
The past
cannot be relived, and the future is uncertain. And every day,
we have to decide what to do with the rest of our lives. (It has
been
remarked that adults so frequently ask children “What do you
want to be when you grow up?” because the adults themselves
are still
trying to decide what to do with their own lives.)
The eight-spoked wheel is an ancient symbol of Buddhist
teachings.
To live means to experience anxiety, loss, and sometimes even
anguish. In other words, “living means sorrow.” Although the
message sounds dark, this truth urges us to be realistic, not
melancholy; it is also hopeful in the sense that if we recognize
why
suffering comes about, then we can lessen it.
The Second Noble Truth: Suffering Comes from Desire
When he analyzed suffering, the Buddha saw that it comes from
wanting what we cannot have and from never being satisfied
with
what we do have. The word trishna (Sanskrit), or tanha (Pali),
which is often translated as “desire,” might better be translated
as
“thirst”; it can also be translated as “craving,” suggesting both
an addiction and a fear of loss. Some of our desires are obvious:
food,
sleep, clothing, housing, health. Some desires are more subtle:
privacy, respect, friendship, quiet, stresslessness, security,
variety,
29. beauty. And some desires are simply “wants” that are cultivated
by our society: alcohol, designer clothes, tobacco,
entertainment,
expensive food. We all have desires, and because life around us
is always changing, no matter how much we acquire we cannot
be
permanently satisfied. Desire is insatiable, and the result is
discontent, dissatisfaction, and sometimes misery. But is there a
way to be
free of suffering?
The Third Noble Truth: To End Suffering, End Desire
It is hard to argue with the reasonableness of this truth, yet it
goes against modern Western notions. The Western tendency is
to strain
to achieve every imaginable desire. This tendency seems to
thrive in cultures—such as many modern ones—that emphasize
individual legal and moral rights, competition between
individuals, and individual success in school, in one’s job, and
in sports. Belief in
a distinct and permanent self or an immortal soul may be the
origin of such individualism. This tendency is rather different
from the
sense of self that comes from a worldview that values the
individual’s membership in the group—a view of self more
common,
traditionally, in tribal and Asian cultures.
To our modern way of thinking, the Buddha’s recommendations
may seem rather stark. Nevertheless, he himself left home and
family and possessions because he believed—and taught—that
any kind of attachment will bring inevitable suffering. The
shaven
head and special clothing of monks and nuns symbolize their
radical detachment from worldly concerns.
30. Buddhists themselves recognize, though, that not everyone can
be a monk. Consequently, this third truth is moderated for
laypeople. It is commonly interpreted as a recommendation that
everyone accept peacefully whatever occurs, aiming less for
happiness and more for inner peace. The individual should
concentrate on the present moment, not on the past or the future
or one’s
desires for them. Because times of happiness are always paid
for by times of unhappiness (the pendulum swings in both
directions), a
certain emotional neutrality is the best path.
Look within.
Be still.
Free from fear and attachment, Know the sweet joy of the way.
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The Dhammapada8
Acceptance is a step to inner peace if I recognize that what I
have right now is actually enough. Ultimately, I have to accept
my
body, my talents, my family, and even my relatives. Of course,
some adjustments can be made: I can move, have plastic
surgery,
31. change my job, or get a divorce. Ultimately, though, much of
life simply has to be accepted—and appreciated when possible.
The essence of the Third Noble Truth is this: I cannot change
the outside world, but I can change myself and the way I
experience
the world.
The Fourth Noble Truth: Release from Suffering Is Possible and
Can Be Attained by Following the Noble Eightfold Path
The ultimate goal of Buddhism is nirvana (Sanskrit; Pali:
nibbana). The term nirvana suggests many things: end of
suffering, inner
peace, and liberation from the limitations of the world. The
word nirvana seems to mean “blown out,” or “cool,” suggesting
that the fires
of desire have been extinguished. Upon attaining nirvana, the
individual has self-control and is no longer driven from inside
by raging
emotional forces or from outside by the unpredictable events of
life. It may not necessarily imply the elimination of anger
(stories tell of
the Buddha’s getting angry at disputes within the monastic
community), but it does suggest a general inner quiet. Nirvana
is also
believed to end karma and rebirth after the present life. (More
will be said about nirvana later in this chapter.) To reach
nirvana,
Buddhism recommends following the Noble Eightfold Path.
The Noble Eightfold Path: The Way to Inner Peace
The eight “steps” of the path actually form a program that the
Buddha taught will lead us toward liberation from the
impermanence and
32. suffering of reality. Together, they describe three main goals: to
face life objectively, to live kindly, and to cultivate inner peace.
Although they are often called “steps,” the eight
recommendations are not to be practiced sequentially but rather
all together. As it is
usually translated, the Noble Eightfold Path sounds so old-
fashioned that readers may not immediately perceive its
practicality. But
keep in mind that the word right in the following list is a
translation of a word that might better be translated as “correct”
or “complete.”
1. Right understanding I recognize the impermanence of life,
the mechanism of desire, and the cause of suffering.
2. Right intention My thoughts and motives are pure, not tainted
by my emotions and selfish desires.
3. Right speech I speak honestly and kindly, in positive ways,
avoiding lies, exaggeration, harsh words.
4. Right action My actions do not hurt any other being that can
feel hurt, including animals; I avoid stealing and sexual conduct
that
would bring hurt.
5. Right work My job does no harm to myself or others.
6. Right effort With moderation, I consistently strive to
improve.
7. Right meditation (right mindfulness) I use the disciplines of
meditation (dhyana) and focused awareness to contemplate the
nature of reality more deeply.
8. Right contemplation I cultivate states of blissful inner peace
(samadhi).
The Influence of Indian Thought on Early Buddhist Teachings
It is uncertain whether the Buddha intended to begin an entirely
new religion. Early Buddhist literature rejects certain elements
33. of the
common Vedic practice of the time, particularly its ritualism,
its reliance on priests, its caste system, and its belief in any
permanent
spiritual reality. Non-Buddhists responded argumentatively
when women and slaves entered the Buddhist monastic order.
Such
evidence leads us to think that early Buddhists saw themselves
as outside the mainstream priestly Vedic culture—a fact that
may have
assisted them in developing their own statements of belief and
practice. Nevertheless, we do know that early Buddhist
teachings
accepted certain elements of Indian thought that contemporary
Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism share to some extent.
Ahimsa: “Do No Harm”
Foremost among the elements adopted from the Indian
worldview of the Buddha’s day was the ideal of ahimsa
(“nonharm”; see
Chapter 3). It is not clear how old this ideal is, and it has not
always been followed. We do know that Vedic sacrifice at the
time of the
Buddha sometimes included animal sacrifice (and animal
sacrifice in Hindu practice can still be found, particularly in
Nepal and Bali).
But we also know that the ideal of ahimsa was already
prominent in India before the time of the Buddha and may have
had ancient
and pre-Vedic origins.
For Buddhism, ahimsa is fundamental. The ideal holds that to
cause suffering to any being is cruel and unnecessary—life is
already
hard enough for each of us. Ahimsa discourages causing not
34. only physical pain but also psychological hurt or the
exploitation of
another. Upon reaching a real understanding that every being
that feels can suffer, the individual gains wider sympathy. It is
then
natural and satisfying for the individual to live with gentleness.
Ahimsa is a high ideal and not always easy to achieve.
Furthermore, we must recognize that there will always be a gap
between the
ideal and actual practice in different Buddhist cultures and
among individuals. Nevertheless, however murky the definition
of the “best
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action” may be, the ideal is fairly clear. A compassionate
person does everything possible to avoid causing suffering:
“ashamed of
roughness, and full of mercy, he dwells compassionate and kind
to all creatures that have life.”9 This empathetic ideal has been
interpreted as recommending, when possible, a vegetarian or
semivegetarian diet, and it warns against involvement in any
jobs or
sports that would hurt others, such as being a butcher, hunter,
fisherman, soldier, or weapon maker. The result is a way of life
that is
harmonious and free of remorse.
The Soul and Karma
The Buddha rejected the notion of a soul (an unchanging
36. ideas in
the India of the Buddha’s time that they continued in early
Buddhism and from there have spread well beyond India. They
remain
highly influential concepts in Buddhist countries today.
Nirvana
In Buddhism, as in Hinduism, the everyday world of change is
called samsara, a term that suggests decay and pain. Liberation
from
samsara, however, is attained in nirvana. The notion has many
similarities with the Hindu goal of moksha (“liberation”;
discussed in
Chapter 3). Nirvana is thought of as existence beyond
limitation. Many people in the West associate nirvana with a
psychological
state, because it is described as evoking joy and peace; but
perhaps it is better to see nirvana as being indescribable and
beyond all
psychological states. Although reaching nirvana occurs rarely, it
is theoretically possible to attain during one’s lifetime; the
Buddha is
said to have “entered nirvana” at the time of his enlightenment.
Once a person has reached nirvana, rebirth is finished, and in a
culture
that believes that individuals have already been born many
times before this current life, an end to rebirth can be a
welcome thought.
The Early Development of Buddhism
Buddhism might have remained an entirely Indian religion,
much as Jainism has, if it were not for an energetic king named
Ashoka,
who flourished about 250 BCE (see Timeline 4.1, p. 138).
Ashoka’s plan to expand his rule over a large part of India
37. naturally entailed
much fighting. After a particularly bloody battle in eastern
India, as Ashoka was inspecting the battlefield, he saw the
scene very
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differently than he had before. The whole experience was so
horrifying that Ashoka converted to the ideal of nonviolence.
Although it
is uncertain whether Ashoka became a Buddhist, he did make
political use of Buddhist moral values. A cynic might note that
forbidding
violence is a practical move for any ruler who wishes to remain
on the throne. In any case, the principle of nonviolence is most
effective when it is embraced widely; otherwise, the few people
who are nonviolent will be preyed upon by the violent.
To bring a large number of the population around to his new
nonviolent way of thinking and acting, Ashoka decided to
spread the
principles of nonviolence throughout India and possibly even
beyond. To do this, he erected many stone columns inscribed
with his
principles, placing some at sites important in the Buddha’s life.
A number of these columns still exist today.
In the first centuries after the Buddha’s death, in response to
widespread and long-standing disagreements over the Buddha’s
38. teachings, many Buddhist schools and splinter groups arose.
Most of these ultimately died out and are only names to us
today. A few
survived and crystallized into the great branches of Buddhism
that we now recognize: Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.
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Timeline of significant events in Buddhism.
It was once assumed that the three branches emerged in
sequence, like three waves of thought that came from India in
succeeding
centuries. But scholars now recognize that essential elements of
all three branches frequently existed side by side, possibly even
in
the earliest days of Buddhism. Often, too, the boundaries
between the branches have been blurred or are even nonexistent.
The
branches are more like families that have many shared elements.
In addition, people who follow a specific Buddhist path are
often not aware of other branches. The same is not true of some
other
religions, in which practitioners are quite aware of the division
to which they belong. (For example, Muslims define themselves
as
Sunni or Shiite, and Christians as Protestant, Catholic, or
Orthodox.) But Buddhist believers of one branch, even if they
know of other
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forms, generally do not define themselves in contrast to those
other branches. Instead, they define themselves more according
to
Buddhist “lineages,” tracing their beliefs and practices back to
the great teachers of the past who, in a long chain of masters
and
disciples, handed on the traditions that they follow.
Thus, before we divide Buddhism into these so-called branches,
we must realize that to talk of three “branches” is to greatly
oversimplify the complex reality of Buddhism. This approach is
only meant to enhance the understanding of the richness of
Buddhist
history, belief, and practice.
Figure 4.1 The birthplace and traditional home of Buddhism:
India, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia.
Theravada Buddhism: The Way of the Elders
In the early centuries of Buddhism, several schools claimed to
adhere to the original, unchanged teachings of the Buddha. All
of them
shared the Buddha’s opposition to Vedic ritual and the brahmin
priesthood, and they embraced his appreciation for simplicity,
meditation, and detachment. They took a conservative approach,
hoping to protect the Buddha’s rather stark teachings and simple
practice from being altered. Of all the conservative schools, one
has survived to the present day: Theravada. Its name is often
41. out has
been contradicted by the Sangha’s having courted wealth and
temporal power.) Although Theravada does accept that
laypeople can
attain nirvana, the life of the monk offers a surer path. The
notion is enshrined in the ideal of the arhat (Sanskrit; Pali:
arahat; meaning
“perfect being,” “worthy”), a person who has reached nirvana.*
*In the discussion of Theravada Buddhism, it would be more
accurate to use the Pali terms nibbana, arahat, and sutta, as
opposed to the Sanskrit
terms nirvana, arhat, and sutra; however, for the sake of
consistency, the text throughout this chapter will reflect the
terminology (whether Pali or
Sanskrit) that is most familiar in the West.
The Theravada monastic community had its distant origins in
the wandering sannyasins and in the groups of Hindu ascetics
who
lived in the forests. (A sign of this connection is the orange
robe; it is used by Hindu ascetics and is also worn by many
orders of
Theravada Buddhist monks.) But even during the Buddha’s
lifetime, his monks began to live a settled life during the
summertime
monsoon season, giving their time to discussion and inhabiting
caves or groves and parks donated by lay followers.
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43. food freely
offer them rice and vegetables. Donors believe they are
receiving beneficial karma from their acts of generosity, and
people support
the monasteries much like other societies give to libraries and
other social agencies. At Buddhist festivals monks are given
new robes
and pails of essential items, such as soap, toothpaste, razors,
and canned goods. Donations are especially given at the New
Year
festival and at the beginning and end of the rainy season. (This
period, often called Buddhist Lent, begins in late summer and
lasts for
three months. During this time monks stay in their monasteries
for study.)
Most weddings, funerals, and other family events are considered
incomplete without the presence of monks, who are expected to
chant from the sutras (sayings of the Buddha, which we will
discuss shortly) to provide merit for the family members. Monks
are also
an important part of festivals, many of which are organized by
monasteries themselves.
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Mourners and monks gather at a funeral to seek merit so that the
deceased person might be reborn closer to nirvana.
45. and for future lives. To make merit, Thais offer coins to the
needy on the street, give food and robes to monks, attend
Buddhist services, and help animals. And Buddhist monks can
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be seen everywhere—walking in the streets and riding in the
back of buses (which they ride free), in tuk-tuks (three-
wheeled cabs), and on riverboats.
Yet equally visible are “spirit houses.” These look like
miniature temples, and they are erected on high posts at the
corner
of a piece of land, on high-rise rooftops, or under large, old
trees. Spirit houses are dedicated to the guardian spirits of
the property and to the spirits of former owners. Worshipers
offer food and flowers to them daily.
Frequently the Hindu god Brahma is the figure inside the spirit
houses, and small images of dancing girls—derived from
Hindu temple worship—are left as permanent offerings. In
shops a visitor might see a statue of Ganesha, the elephant-
headed Hindu god associated with success. Another influence of
Hinduism is readily apparent in Thai art and dance,
which tell the stories of Rama, Sita, and Hanuman, whose tales
are retold in the Ramakien, the Thai version of the
46. Ramayana.
A strong magical dimension is part of Thai Buddhism as well.
Thai males often wear a necklace of Buddhist amulets to
defend themselves against sickness and injury (the owners will
describe in happy detail the origin and power of each of
the amulets). Tattoos, often with images of the Buddha, Rama,
and Hanuman, are thought to have a similar effect. And
taxi drivers—not to mention their often anxious passengers—
hope that the multiple Buddhist images on their dashboards
will offer needed protection in traffic.
Monasticism, as we can see, permeates society and everyday
life in Theravada Buddhist cultures. As mentioned earlier,
monasteries exist even in the centers of cities, where monks can
be seen everywhere. There is a fluidity to monastic life, too,
and
Theravada monks often choose to leave monastic life, even after
many years. But during the time that men are monks, they are
considered role models and are expected to live up to strict
moral standards.
The earliest Western translators and scholars of Theravada
Buddhism saw Buddhism through the lens of their own culture.
Key to
their conception of what makes a religion was a body of written
scriptures; the scholars assumed that written scriptures played a
central role in believers’ lives. More recent scholarship points
out that Buddhist teachings have been largely passed on orally.
Because
the vast majority of Buddhists have been unable to read, they
have learned their religious beliefs and practices not from
reading
books, but from hearing sermons, seeing temple paintings, and
listening to older family members. And long before written
material
47. existed, certain monks were known as specialists in chanting the
words of the Buddha, the rules of their order, and the precepts
of
right living. Eventually this oral material was indeed written
down and codified. But, as we learn about the written
scriptures, we must
understand the primary role that oral transmission has played.
In addition to the so-called canonical scriptures, folktales have
been influential. The most famous are the hundreds of Jataka
Tales.
They are similar to Aesop’s Fables, and early forms of the
stories may have influenced those tales and similar collections
in other
countries. The tales are about human beings and animals, and
each tale teaches a moral lesson about a particular virtue, such
as
friendship, truthfulness, generosity, or moderation. In
Theravada Buddhism the tales are often put within a Buddhist
context. Typically,
the tale begins with the Buddha telling the tale. The tale then
ends with the Buddha saying that in a past life he was one of the
animal
or human figures in the story. The Jataka Tales are frequently
the subject of art, plays, and dance in Southeast Asia.
Theravada Teachings and Literature
The Theravada collection of the Buddha’s teachings is called
the Pali Canon. As a whole, this mass of material is called
Tipitaka (Pali),
or Tripitaka (Sanskrit), which means “three baskets.” The name
comes from the fact that the writings were divided according to
their
subject matter into three groups.
48. The first collection (called vinaya—Pali and Sanskrit) outlines
the procedural rules for monastic life. These include rules on
begging,
eating, relations with monks and nonmonks, and other
disciplines.10 The second collection comprises sayings of the
Buddha in the
form of sermons or dialogues. This type of material is called
sutta (Pali), or sutra (Sanskrit). A third collection, developed
later, is
called abhidhamma (Pali), or abhidharma (Sanskrit), meaning
“the works that go beyond the elementary teachings.” It
systematized
the doctrine presented more or less randomly in the sutras.
Theravada Art and Architecture
Images of the Buddha did not appear in the earliest centuries of
Buddhism; instead, artists used symbols to represent him and
his
teachings. One symbol was the eight-spoked wheel, which
derived from the Noble Eightfold Path and represented all the
basic
Buddhist teachings, the Dharma. (The wheel may have been
suggested either by the disk of the sun, symbolizing light and
health, or
by the wheel of a king’s chariot, a symbol of royal rulership.)
The umbrella, often carried to protect an important person from
the hot
sun, symbolized the Buddha’s authority. Other common symbols
included a set of footprints, a lotus flower, and an empty throne.
Many types of stupas, which began as large mounds, arose over
the remains of Buddhist monks and at important Buddhist sites.
Symbols may have been used at first simply because artists were
struggling with the basic challenge of depicting simultaneously
the
humanity of the Buddha and his great spiritual attainment, his
50. Some critics of Mahayana Buddhism claim that it has allowed
ritual and speculation—which was deemphasized by the
Buddha—to
creep back in. It is possible that the Indian love of ritual and
imagery remains alive in a new form in Mahayana. For example,
the fire
ceremony of some Mahayana sects certainly derives from Vedic
practice. But this is really to say that Mahayana initially was
thoroughly Indian and sought to express its truths in very Indian
ways.13
It is possible that some practices or attitudes of early Buddhism
did not always fulfill the religious needs of the many laypeople
who
appreciated ritual. Mahayana Buddhism, however, has
abundantly met almost every religious and philosophical
need.14 It is the
source of some of the most extraordinary creations of the human
mind—in its art, architecture, philosophy, psychology, and
ceremony.
New Ideals: Compassion and the Bodhisattva
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In Mahayana Buddhism, the religious ideal broadened: from the
exemplar of the monastic person, fairly detached from family
life, it
51. expanded to include nonmonks, women, and the married.
Mahayana began to explore the possibilities of following a
religious path
that was active in the world. This difference signaled a shift in
the notion of what is virtuous. It might have represented a
reaction
against Indian asceticism and the cult of the sannyasin, or it
might have indicated a new form of devotionalism and love of
ritual. It
might also have come from a widening of the concept of
nirvana. Nirvana was now thought to be found within samsara,
the everyday
world of change. In Mahayana, the human body and the material
realm are viewed positively, and there is a great openness
toward art
and music. Mahayana grew as the senses and emotions were
increasingly viewed as means of spiritual transformation.
In Mahayana, wisdom remained an important goal, but the
pairing of wisdom and compassion was central to its teachings.
Compassion became an essential virtue and the preeminent
expression of wisdom. The term for this compassion is karuna,
which
may also be translated as “empathy,” “sympathy,” or
“kindness.” Karuna is somewhat different from the Western
notion of kindness, in
which one separate human being, out of an abundance of
individual generosity, gives to another separate human being.
Rather,
karuna implies that we all are part of the same ever-changing
universe. Deep down, the individual is not really different from
anyone or
anything else. To be kind to others is actually to be kind to
oneself. Karuna in action simply means living out this
awareness of the
unity of the universe. With this perception of the
52. interrelatedness of all beings, including animals, compassion
comes naturally: if I am
kind, my kindness must be shown toward anything that can feel
pain. The great prayer of Buddhist compassion is this: May all
creatures be well and happy. It is a common Mahayana practice
to mentally project this wish to the world every day.
The esteem for karuna influences the human ideal in Mahayana.
Instead of the Theravada ideal of the arhat, who is esteemed for
detached wisdom and unworldly living, the ideal in Mahayana
Buddhism is the person of deep compassion, the bodhisattva
(“enlightenment being”). Because a bodhisattva embodies
compassion, it is often said that a bodhisattva will refuse to
fully enter
nirvana, in order to be reborn on earth to help others. A person
may even take the “bodhisattva vow” to be constantly reborn
until all
are enlightened.
The same kind of openness to a variety of religious paths that
we saw in Hinduism is also typical of Mahayana Buddhism.
Mahayana recognizes that people differ greatly and find
themselves at different stages of spiritual development. For
example, a
person who would not benefit from study or meditation might be
able to achieve a new level of understanding through the use of
ritual,
imagery, and religious objects. Mahayana is open to anything
that can lead to greater spiritual awareness, a concept known as
“skillful
means” (Sanskrit: upaya).
Mahayana Thought and Worldview
Mahayana has encouraged a vision of reality that is imaginative,
wide, and often profound. A legendary story tells of a Chinese
53. emperor who began reading certain Mahayana sutras; he then
said in astonishment that the experience was like looking out
over the
ocean. He sensed the vastness of the Mahayana vision, as he
experienced both the quantity and the quality of the sutras that
he was
attempting to understand.
Several key notions must be introduced here. They show a
worldview of a universe populated by holy personalities and full
of the
divine. These notions may seem dry when expressed in words,
but they become very meaningful when expressed as art in
temples
and museums. These ideas underlie Mahayana sculpture,
painting, and belief.
The Three-Body Doctrine (Trikaya Doctrine)
In Mahayana, the Buddha nature can express itself in three
ways. This is called the trikaya (“three-body”) doctrine. The
historical
Buddha who lived in India came to be considered the
manifestation of a divine reality, “the cosmic Buddha nature.”
The Sanskrit term
for this is Dharmakaya (often translated as “law body,” “form
body,” or “body of reality”). According to Mahayana Buddhism,
the cosmic
Buddha nature, although invisible, permeates all things. (It is
sometimes compared to the Hindu notion of Brahman, which
may have
influenced it.) In people, the cosmic Buddha nature frequently
presents itself as potential. In fact, it is our true nature that we
need to
recognize and realize. Dharmakaya also exists in the natural
world, for all things are a sacred manifestation of the cosmic
54. Buddha
nature. When we experience the mystery of the natural world,
we experience the Dharmakaya.
Siddhartha Gautama’s physical body, because it is considered
an incarnation of this divine reality, is called Nirmanakaya
(“transformation body”). In keeping with the notion of many
incarnations, many Mahayana schools believe in more than one
transformation body of the Buddha. We might recall that both
Theravada and Mahayana schools describe the Buddha’s
knowledge of
his past lives. Both branches of Buddhism also believe that
another historical Buddha, Maitreya (Sanskrit; Pali: Metteya),
will appear
on earth in the future to inaugurate a golden age. In several
Mahayana cultures, this belief has taken on great importance. In
China
and Vietnam, the Buddha who will come is called Mi-lo-fo and
is often shown as an overweight, joyful, “laughing Buddha.” In
Korea,
the notion of Miruk (as Maitreya is known there) has been
especially influential in generating belief in a messianic future,
which has
prompted the creation of many beautiful statues in his honor. He
is often shown seated on a stool or raised platform in the so-
called
Western style, with one leg down on the floor and the other
crossed over it, his head resting thoughtfully on one hand as he
contemplates the future.
In Mahayana philosophy, the cosmic Buddha nature has also
taken bodily shape in supernatural Buddhas who live in the
heavens
beyond our earth. These Buddhas have radiant, invulnerable
bodies and live in constant happiness. In Sanskrit, they are
called
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Sambhogakaya Buddhas (“perfect-bliss-body” Buddhas).
Mahayana Buddhism envisions many Buddhas existing
simultaneously, each
with his own sphere of influence (called a Buddha Land).
Particularly important is the bliss-body Buddha who created a
Buddha Land
in the western direction of the setting sun. There he receives the
dying who wish enlightenment after death. His name in India
was
Amitabha Buddha (Chinese: Amito-fo; Japanese: Amida Butsu).
Many devout Buddhists hope to be reborn in his paradise. After
attaining enlightenment there, they can return to the world to
save other beings. Their devotion to Amitabha Buddha has
inspired a
great body of fine painting and sculpture that depicts a large
Buddha seated on a lotus flower, surrounded by peaceful
disciples in
pavilions set in gardens full of flowers.
Heavenly Bodhisattvas
We have already discussed the focus of Mahayana on the earthly
bodhisattva, a saintly person of great compassion. But
Mahayana
Buddhism also holds that many bodhisattvas who are eager to
help human beings also exist in other dimensions beyond the
earth.
They, too, are beings of great compassion. Some once lived on
earth and have been reborn beyond this world, but they retain an
57. and the United Nations have adopted pinyin, it has become the
most commonly used system. The older Wade-Giles was the
standard transcription
system until pinyin was adopted, and it is still frequently
encountered (as in the spelling of Kuan-yin). For major Chinese
terms in this book (both here
and in Chapter 6), the pinyin spelling is given first and the
Wade-Giles spelling second.
Shunyata
One Mahayana doctrine asserts that all reality is shunya
(“empty”; that is, empty of permanent essence). Literally,
shunyata may be
translated as “emptiness” or “zero-ness.” But what does this
mean? The notion is an outgrowth of the basic Buddhist view of
reality
that everything is constantly shifting, changing, taking new
form. If we consider an individual person, we can say the
“individual” is a
pattern, made of parts in continuous change. If we broaden our
scope, larger patterns appear, such as the patterns of a family, a
city,
or a society. Similarly, nature is a combination of smaller
patterns making larger patterns, like wheels within wheels. And
even the
parts themselves ultimately disintegrate as new parts are born.
To better understand this concept, think of clouds, which look
large and
substantial but are forever appearing and disappearing, moving
past each other and changing shape and size. Because
everything is
in constant change, each apparently individual person and thing
is actually “empty” of any permanent individual identity. The
notion of
shunyata also suggests the experience that everything is a part
58. of everything else, that all people and things exist together.
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Tathata
Literally translated, the word tathata means “thatness,”
“thusness,” or “suchness.” This is a rich notion that invites each
person’s
experience and interpretation. Tathata represents a view of
experience that says that reality is revealed in each moment, as
we savor
patterns, relationships, and change. Because no moment is
exactly the same, and no object is exactly the same, each can be
observed and appreciated as it passes. Thus, simple, everyday
events reveal the nature of reality. We may experience
“thatness”
when two elements come together in an unexpected way—for
example, when a small child says something childlike but wise.
Sometimes it comes when we notice a moment of change, such
as when, after a long string of muggy summer days, we get up
to add
a blanket to the bed on the first crisp autumn night. Or it might
be when we notice elements coming together somewhat
unexpectedly
—for example, when a bird drinks from a water fountain or a
dog joyously sticks its nose out of the window of a passing car.
It might
be when we recognize the uniqueness of a simple object or
59. event, such as the beauty of a particular apple in the
supermarket, or the
special way that the shadow of a tree falls on a nearby building
at this particular moment. The experience can also come from
something funny or sad. Although tathata involves the mundane,
it is also a poetic moment that will never return in exactly the
same
way.
The wonder that can be seen in everyday life is what the term
tathata suggests. We know we are experiencing the “thatness” of
reality when we experience something and say to ourselves,
Yes, that’s it; that is the way things are. In the moment, we
recognize not
only that reality is wondrously beautiful but also that its
patterns are fragile and passing.
Mahayana Literature
Mahayana Buddhism in India developed versions of the
Tripitaka in Sanskrit. A host of additional written works also
became canonical.
Many of the new Mahayana works were called sutras because
they purported to be the words of the Buddha, but in reality they
were
imaginative, colorful creations written at least several centuries
after the Buddha lived, from about 100 BCE to about 600 CE.
The
teachings of these sutras, however, may be seen as a natural
development of basic Buddhist insights.
Primary among these texts are the Prajnaparamita Sutras
(“sutras on the perfection of wisdom”), the earliest of which
may have
been written about 100 BCE. These sutras attempt to contrast
ordinary understanding with the enlightened understanding that
61. Sukhavati
Vyuha Sutra, “sutra of the vision of the happy land”). The
sutras speak of a heavenly realm, the Pure Land, established by
the merciful
Amitabha Buddha, where human beings can be reborn. All that
is necessary for rebirth in the Pure Land is devotion to this
Buddha, as
shown by repetition of his name as a sign of total trust in him.
These sutras would eventually give birth to a wildly successful
movement, the Pure Land movement, which is still popular
today. (We will discuss the Pure Land school of Mahayana a
little later in
this chapter.)
One of the most widely loved works of Mahayana was the
Saddharma Pundarika Sutra (“lotus sutra of the good law”),
known simply
as the Lotus Sutra. In this sutra, the Buddha shows his
transcendent, cosmic nature. As he preaches to thousands of his
disciples, his
light and wisdom extend out into the universe. Using parables,
the sutra insists rather democratically that all people have the
Buddha
nature and that all, therefore, can become Buddhas. Many of its
parables talk of the “skillful means” that can lead people of
differing
types and mentalities to enlightenment.
The Spread of Mahayana in East Asia
Mahayana Buddhism spread out of India to central Asia and to
China, which it entered in the first century of the Common Era.
As
Buddhism spread to China and its neighboring regions, Sanskrit
writings were translated bit by bit into at least thirteen central
Asian
62. languages. In China, several Chinese versions were made of
most of the major works. By the eighth century, an enormous
number of
Buddhist works had been translated into Chinese.16
The appeal of Mahayana Buddhism in ancient China is worth
considering. Mahayana Buddhism had virtues that appealed to a
wide
spectrum of the population. It accepted local cults and
continued their practice of using rituals that promised magic,
healing, and
fertility for the masses of ordinary people. It created great
temples with beautiful art and ceremony. It promoted peace and
family
harmony. It answered questions about the afterlife and
performed funeral and memorial services for the dead. It
provided a secure
way of community life for people not interested in having
children or creating their own families. It offered philosophical
insights not
already present in Chinese culture. And it provided many rulers
with prayers and rituals that would help protect the nation and
the
rulers themselves.
Despite occasional persecution as a dangerous, foreign import,
Mahayana spread throughout China. In particular, two forms of
Mahayana flourished. The school of meditation (Chan, Ch’an)
became highly influential among monks, poets, and artists. The
Pure
Land movement, with its devotion to Amitabha Buddha, became
the primary form of devotion for laypeople. Ultimately,
Buddhism was
linked with Daoism and Confucianism as one of the officially
sanctioned “Three Doctrines,” and it became an essential part of
Chinese
64. was the monk Chinul (1158–1210). Given to a monastery as a
young boy, he began meditation and textual study early. He had
three
great experiences of insight, all prompted by his reading of
Mahayana materials. He founded the Chogye order, which
combines
textual study with regular meditation. It is still influential
today.
Confucianism supplanted Buddhism as the state religion during
the Yi dynasty (1392–1910). Nevertheless, although the
aristocracy
identified with Confucianism, the common people remained
Buddhist.
Buddhism entered Japan in the sixth century CE, where it began
to grow after some initial resistance. It became so powerful in
the
early capital of Nara that in 794 the new capital city of Kyoto
(then called Heian-kyo) was founded partly in order to be free
from the
influence of Buddhist clergy. The new capital was designed on a
grid pattern, after Chinese models, and Japanese culture
imported
many elements of the Chinese culture of the time. Because the
founding of the new capital coincided with a vibrant period of
Mahayana Buddhism in China, Japanese Buddhism also
imported Chinese Buddhist practices and teachings.
Rituals and Celebrations: Buddhist Festivals
The most important Buddhist festivals focus on the birth of the
Buddha, his enlightenment, his death, the celebration of
the New Year, and sometimes the commemoration of the dead.
The exact dates for these celebrations and memorials
differ from culture to culture.
65. In Theravada Buddhist countries, one great celebration (Vesak)
recalls the birth, the enlightenment, and the death of the
Buddha. It is celebrated at the time of the full moon in May.
In Mahayana Buddhism, the three festivals of the Buddha’s life
are separate. His birth is celebrated on the eighth day of
the fourth month; his enlightenment is commemorated in winter
on Bodhi Day, the eighth day of the twelfth month; and
his death is recalled in early spring on the fifteenth day of the
second month. (Chinese and Korean Buddhists follow the
lunar calendar, while Japanese Buddhists use the Western
calendar.)
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Celebration of the New Year often includes a visit to a temple
to end the old year and the sharing of a vegetarian meal to
welcome the new year. (The Japanese keep the Western New
Year, while the Chinese celebrate their lunar New Year in
February.)
In Japan the dead are remembered in a midsummer festival
called O-Bon, derived from older Chinese practice. It has
blended with Shinto elements and a belief in the Mahayana
bodhisattva Jizo, who guides the dead back to the spirit
world. If possible, the spirits’ return is lighted with candles that
drift down a stream or out into the ocean.
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Shingon
The name of this school is Shingon (Chinese: Zhen-yan, Chen-
yen) and means “true word” or “word of truth.” The title refers
to the use
of sacred chants, called mantras. We might recall that the
spread of Mahayana Buddhism in China was due in part to the
magical
effects that were thought to come from Buddhist ritual. People
believed that Buddhist ritual, if carefully performed, would
provide
security for rulers, children for married couples, and more
favorable agricultural conditions for farmers.
An image of the bodhisattva Jizo appears in front of a painting
of the Shingon Kongo-kai mandala.
Courtesy of the Estate of David Kidd
Behind Shingon ritual is a focus on experiencing union with the
cosmic Buddha nature. This can be accomplished through the
chanting of mantras, accompanied by a multitude of rituals and
ritual objects. Foremost among these rituals is a fire ceremony,
the
goma, a continuation of the Vedic fire ceremony. In this
70. that originated in India and was introduced to China. It was
established in Japan by Kukai (774–835 CE), a Japanese monk
who studied in China and returned to Japan with new knowledge
of
ritual and with books, mandalas, and altar implements. After his
death, he received the name Kobo Daishi (“the Great Master
who
spreads the Dharma”), and under that name he has become a
venerated cultural hero in Japan. Shingon, because of its love of
ritual,
has inspired many arts, particularly sculpture and painting. It
has similarities with Tibetan Buddhism, and it thus contains
some
elements of Vajrayana Buddhism (discussed later in this
chapter).
Tendai
The Tendai (Chinese: Tiantai, T’ien-t’ai) sect is named for the
great Chinese monastic institution at Mount Tiantai (“heavenly
terrace”),
where the sect is thought to have begun in eastern China. A
large complex of monasteries arose there.18
By the eighth century CE, there were many varied Buddhist
texts, some written up to a thousand years after the time of the
Buddha.
When they had been translated into Chinese, the result was
great confusion. How could the Buddha have uttered so many
sermons,
some with apparently contradictory ideas? The solution was to
organize the teachings according to levels of complexity. It was
taught
that the Buddha had revealed his most basic insights to
everybody but that he had revealed his most difficult thoughts
only to those
71. disciples who could understand them. The Tiantai (Tendai) sect
attempted to categorize all the teachings and present them in a
meaningful way, as a kind of ladder of steps leading to full
enlightenment. Naturally, its own special teachings were at the
top.
Jodo, or Pure Land
The Pure Land (Chinese: Jingtu, Ching-t’-u) school created a
devotional form of Buddhism that could be practiced by
laypeople as
well as monks. The cult of bodhisattvas already existed in India
and central Asia, but it had great appeal in China too. Pure Land
Buddhism in China can be traced back to the monk Tan Luan
(T’an Luan, c. 476–542). Legend says that he instituted the
devotion to
Amitabha Buddha as the result of a vision. Complete devotion
to this Buddha, the monk thought, would result in the believer’s
rebirth
in Amitabha’s Pure Land, the Western Paradise. Devotees
regularly repeated a short phrase, derived from Mahayana
scriptures and
praising Amitabha Buddha. At first the repetition of the
Buddha’s name was a monastic practice, but it then spread to
the laity. In
Chinese, the phrase is Namo Amito-fo; in Japanese, Namu
Amida Butsu. Both mean “Praise to Amitabha Buddha.” Daily
repetition
and recitation at the moment of death were thought to ensure the
believer’s rebirth in the Western Paradise.
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In Japan, the Pure Land movement was spread by the monk
Honen (1133–1212), who was originally a Tendai monk at
Mount Hiei.
His movement became a separate sect called Jodo Shu (“Pure
Land sect”). Shinran (1173–1262), a disciple of Honen,
continued the
laicization of the nembutsu, as the chant is called in Japanese.
He taught that human actions to attain salvation were
unimportant in
comparison to the saving power of the Buddha. Convinced that
monastic practice was unnecessary, Shinran married. (He has
often
been compared with Martin Luther, who also married and
emphasized simple trust as the way to salvation.) The movement
that
Shinran began eventually grew into the Jodo Shin Shu (“True
Pure Land sect”). Pure Land sects have been extremely popular
in
China and Japan, and this popularity has made them the largest
form of Mahayana Buddhism.
It was once common to think of the Pure Land as a real location
somewhere beyond the earth. Today, however, it is often
considered a metaphor for a compassionate and joyful way of
living in the everyday world.
Nichiren
Unlike the other sects discussed thus far, Nichiren Buddhism
began in Japan. Its founder was a Tendai monk, Nichiren (1222–
1282).
After being trained at Mount Hiei, Nichiren sought a simpler
73. path than Tendai, which used many sutras and practices in the
search for
enlightenment. Out of the thousands of Mahayana texts,
Nichiren wanted to find one that contained all the essential
teachings of
Buddhism. Following the lead of the Tendai tradition, which
had already given much attention to the Lotus Sutra, Nichiren
asserted
that the Lotus Sutra was indeed the embodiment of all essential
religious teaching. He thought of himself as a reincarnation of a
minor
Buddha in the Lotus Sutra (his monastic name Nichiren means
“sun lotus”). His sect uses a chant that honors this sutra: Namu
Myoho
Renge Kyo, meaning “Praise to the mystic law of the Lotus
Sutra.” Devout followers repeat the mantra many times a day,
especially in
the morning and evening. They believe that doing so will
connect them with the divine power of the universe.
Nichiren Buddhism has produced several branches. Among the
most important are Nichiren Shu (“Nichiren sect”), Nichiren
Sho-Shu
(“True Nichiren sect”), and Soka Gakkai (“Value Creation
Educational Society”). The Nichiren Shu treats its founder as a
bodhisattva,
or Buddhist saint. The Nichiren Sho-Shu elevates Nichiren to
the role of a reincarnation of the Buddha, “the Buddha of the
present
age.” The Soka Gakkai branch was formerly a lay arm of
Nichiren Sho-Shu. However, an angry split occurred between
1991 and
1992, and Soka Gakkai became fully independent. There is in
all of these branches an acceptance of the material world and an
attempt to improve it. Soka Gakkai particularly works to reform
society through political means, seeking peace through