This document provides an overview of the Indian financial system. It discusses the structure of the Indian financial market including the money market and capital market. It describes the primary market process including IPO procedure and the role of depositories like NSDL and CDSL in dematerialization. It also outlines the functions of regulatory bodies like SEBI and stock exchanges. Other topics covered include speculators, credit rating agencies CRISIL, CARE and ICRA, and the advantages they provide to investors and companies.
This document provides information on selecting stocks for investment. It discusses the basics of fundamental analysis and technical analysis, which are two main approaches used to evaluate stocks. Fundamental analysis examines internal factors like financial statements, management and markets, while technical analysis studies historical stock price movements and trends. The document outlines various quantitative and qualitative factors analyzed under fundamental analysis, and chart types like line, bar and candlestick used in technical analysis. It emphasizes selecting financially strong companies with a long-term perspective using both fundamental and technical filters.
Stock market consolidating in the upper channel.pptxNehaSingh622844
This document provides information on selecting stocks for investment. It discusses the basics of fundamental analysis and technical analysis for evaluating stocks. Fundamental analysis examines company financials and business fundamentals, while technical analysis studies historical stock price movements and trends. The document outlines various ratios and charts used in these analyses and provides a 5-step approach for selecting high-quality stocks. It emphasizes the importance of having clear financial goals and periodically reviewing one's portfolio.
This document is a presentation on investment analysis and portfolio management by Ms. Jagjot Arneja of the Department of Management Studies at Gateway Institute of Engineering and Technology. The presentation defines investment, outlines the investment process including establishing goals and objectives, determining risk tolerance, creating a portfolio, and ongoing monitoring. It also discusses various financial and non-financial investment avenues, sources of investment information, intermediaries in capital markets, and the regulatory framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India.
Brief information about merchant banking institutions in india, meaning,
Origin, capital adequacy requirement, category of merchant banks, merchant bank services etc...
The document provides information on various topics related to investing in the stock market, including:
- The basics of opening various accounts needed to invest in stocks such as a bank account, trading/broking account, and demat account.
- An overview of the National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL), one of the leading depositories in India, including statistics on its growth and services offered through depository participants.
- Guidance for investors on key considerations like performing fundamental and technical analysis for stock selection, understanding different types of analysis, and being a prudent investor.
The document discusses capital markets, which are markets for long-term debt and equity shares. Capital markets include primary markets where securities are first issued to investors through IPOs/FPOs, and secondary markets like stock exchanges where existing securities are traded. It then discusses trends in the Indian capital markets such as increased role of institutions, introduction of derivatives, globalization, and modernization through increased use of technology.
This document provides an overview of the Indian financial system. It discusses the structure of the Indian financial market including the money market and capital market. It describes the primary market process including IPO procedure and the role of depositories like NSDL and CDSL in dematerialization. It also outlines the functions of regulatory bodies like SEBI and stock exchanges. Other topics covered include speculators, credit rating agencies CRISIL, CARE and ICRA, and the advantages they provide to investors and companies.
This document provides information on selecting stocks for investment. It discusses the basics of fundamental analysis and technical analysis, which are two main approaches used to evaluate stocks. Fundamental analysis examines internal factors like financial statements, management and markets, while technical analysis studies historical stock price movements and trends. The document outlines various quantitative and qualitative factors analyzed under fundamental analysis, and chart types like line, bar and candlestick used in technical analysis. It emphasizes selecting financially strong companies with a long-term perspective using both fundamental and technical filters.
Stock market consolidating in the upper channel.pptxNehaSingh622844
This document provides information on selecting stocks for investment. It discusses the basics of fundamental analysis and technical analysis for evaluating stocks. Fundamental analysis examines company financials and business fundamentals, while technical analysis studies historical stock price movements and trends. The document outlines various ratios and charts used in these analyses and provides a 5-step approach for selecting high-quality stocks. It emphasizes the importance of having clear financial goals and periodically reviewing one's portfolio.
This document is a presentation on investment analysis and portfolio management by Ms. Jagjot Arneja of the Department of Management Studies at Gateway Institute of Engineering and Technology. The presentation defines investment, outlines the investment process including establishing goals and objectives, determining risk tolerance, creating a portfolio, and ongoing monitoring. It also discusses various financial and non-financial investment avenues, sources of investment information, intermediaries in capital markets, and the regulatory framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India.
Brief information about merchant banking institutions in india, meaning,
Origin, capital adequacy requirement, category of merchant banks, merchant bank services etc...
The document provides information on various topics related to investing in the stock market, including:
- The basics of opening various accounts needed to invest in stocks such as a bank account, trading/broking account, and demat account.
- An overview of the National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL), one of the leading depositories in India, including statistics on its growth and services offered through depository participants.
- Guidance for investors on key considerations like performing fundamental and technical analysis for stock selection, understanding different types of analysis, and being a prudent investor.
The document discusses capital markets, which are markets for long-term debt and equity shares. Capital markets include primary markets where securities are first issued to investors through IPOs/FPOs, and secondary markets like stock exchanges where existing securities are traded. It then discusses trends in the Indian capital markets such as increased role of institutions, introduction of derivatives, globalization, and modernization through increased use of technology.
The document discusses the benefits of a depository system for securities such as reducing risks of lost or fake certificates, expediting transfers and settlements, and facilitating dematerialization of physical shares. It explains the roles of various entities in a depository system like depositories, depository participants, registrars and investors. The document also outlines the benefits of a depository system for investors, issuers and the overall growth and liquidity of capital markets.
This document provides information about various topics related to the stock market and finance. It includes:
1. A list of group members and their roll numbers working on a project guided by Mr. Manoj Bhatia.
2. Descriptions and definitions of key stock market terms - including the stock exchange, shares, stocks, bonds, and types of investors.
3. Details about the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), including their locations, founding dates, indexes, and daily trading schedules.
4. Explanations of other financial concepts - such as market capitalization, indexes, credit ratings, demat accounts, and initial public offerings (I
The document provides information on prudent investing in the stock market. It discusses the basics of opening trading, demat and bank accounts. It explains the role of NSDL as a depository and the growth in assets held by NSDL over time. It also discusses key points about money laundering prevention and provides tips for investors. The document then covers the basics of stock selection, including fundamental analysis using financial ratios and charts, and technical analysis using price and volume charts. It emphasizes the importance of evaluating companies as businesses and investing for the long term.
The document discusses the key aspects of the Indian financial system including its features, constituents, importance and objectives. It describes the various types of financial institutions and markets in India such as commercial banks, stock exchanges, mutual funds, insurance companies, development banks, and non-banking financial corporations. It also covers the roles and functions of major regulatory bodies like RBI, SEBI, IRDA, FMC and PFRDA. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the Indian financial system, its components and their functions in supporting economic development.
A mutual fund allows investors to pool their money together into a portfolio that is professionally managed. The document discusses the concept and operation of mutual funds, the history of mutual funds in India, the various types of mutual fund schemes categorized by constitution, investment objective, and nature of investments. It also covers the advantages of mutual funds such as professional management, diversification, convenience, liquidity, and tax benefits.
This document provides an overview of mutual funds, including their key concepts, roles, how they operate, types of funds, legal structure in India, and distribution channels. The main points are:
- A mutual fund pools money from investors and invests it in stocks, bonds and other securities, with the fund managed by a professional on behalf of investors.
- Mutual funds assist investors in earning income, provide diversification, and help raise money for governments and companies through investments.
- The legal structure of mutual funds in India involves a trust with sponsors, trustees, an asset management company, custodian and registrar & transfer agent. Key documents include SID, SAI and KIM.
- Nirmal Bang Securities Pvt. Ltd is a leading Indian broking firm established in 1986 that has transformed from a small local player to a diverse financial group.
- The Private Client Group aims to provide investment solutions and portfolio management services to high net-worth individuals and corporates regarding their equity investments.
- The research team, headed by Vishal Jajoo, provides investment recommendations based solely on fundamental analysis of companies and evaluates businesses, industries, management, and financials.
The document discusses several core investment banking services including domestic issue management, underwriting, global capital market offers, private placements, private equity advisory, buy-backs and de-listings, and corporate restructuring and mergers and amalgamations. It focuses on domestic issue management, elaborating on the definition of an issue and issue management. It notes the eligibility criteria for investment bankers to perform issue management including having a valid SEBI registration certificate and complying with codes of conduct. The document also discusses considerations for initial public offerings (IPOs) and follow-on public offerings (FPOs) including timing, pricing, and capital structure. It provides an overview of the regulatory framework for public offers in India and outlines important stages in
This document provides information about insurance basics and the Indian securities market. It discusses what insurance is, popular types of insurance like life and non-life insurance, and factors to consider when choosing an insurance policy. It also outlines the key entities that regulate the Indian securities market like SEBI and exchanges, different types of accounts needed for investment, and services offered by depository participants.
SEBI was established in 1988 and upgraded to a statutory body in 1992 through the SEBI Act. It is headquartered in Mumbai and regulates stock exchanges and other market intermediaries. SEBI aims to protect investors, ensure fair practices, and promote an efficient securities market. It has regulatory and developmental functions, including licensing market intermediaries and promoting research and investor education.
Merchant banking can be defined as a skill-oriented professional service provided by merchant banks to their clients, concerning their financial needs, for adequate consideration, in the form of fee.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in banking and finance. It covers topics such as money, financial instruments, banking, retail banking services, mortgages, insurance, and the role of information technology in banking. The document aims to help technology professionals understand financial terms and the operations of the banking sector.
Oorja Health & Nutrition Pvt. Ltd, a company that produces health and nutrition products and operates gym services, is seeking to raise capital through an initial public offering (IPO) in order to fund expansion plans. The company has been in operation for 3 years and owns assets worth approximately Rs. 3 crore. It needs Rs. 6 crore to expand its gym services and Rs. 4 crore to expand its health product plant. An IPO is the best solution for the company to raise funds with the advantages of not needing to repay the capital raised, converting to a public company and gaining access to public markets.
Critical evaluation of small investors by Abhishek PandeAbhishek Pande
The document discusses the role of SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) as the regulator of the Indian stock market and its role in protecting small investors. It outlines SEBI's objectives such as promoting awareness among small investors, educating them about economic trends, and overall economic development. The document then describes some of SEBI's powers and responsibilities, including licensing brokers and dealers, preventing fraud, regulating mergers and acquisitions, auditing stock exchanges, making new rules, and educating investors. It also discusses SEBI's findings related to issues small investors face such as misleading advice, inflated ratings and fees, front-running in high-frequency trading, and companies being bailed out.
unit-1 equity banking and finance stock marketas871534
Dematerialisation of shares refers to converting physical share certificates into electronic form for easy and secure trading. In India, two depositories, CDSL and NSDL, facilitate dematerialisation. The process involves opening a demat account with a depository participant, submitting verification documents, and requesting dematerialisation. Benefits include convenience, safety from physical certificate risks, ease of transactions, and access to corporate benefits like dividends electronically. Rematerialisation converts shares back to physical certificates if an investor prefers. Listing of securities on a stock exchange provides liquidity, encourages investment and savings, and protects investors through transparency of information.
The document provides information on the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). It discusses that SEBI is the statutory regulatory body for securities markets in India. It has the twin objectives of investor protection and market development. The document outlines SEBI's role in regulating both the primary market (public issues) and secondary market (stock exchanges). It discusses SEBI's regulations around disclosure requirements, allocation of shares, and restrictions on insider trading to promote transparency and protect investors.
The document discusses new issue markets and stock exchanges. It defines new issue markets as dealing with new securities being offered to investors for the first time, such as via initial public offerings (IPOs) or seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Stock exchanges, on the other hand, provide a ready market for trading existing securities and are physical locations. Both new issue markets and stock exchanges are affected by macroeconomic conditions. The document outlines the key participants, sources of information, and functions of new issue markets like origination, underwriting, and distribution of new securities.
This document provides an overview of financial markets and the primary and secondary markets. It defines financial markets and their role in economic development. It describes the structure of capital markets and the primary and secondary market segments. It outlines the various players in the primary market, including issuers, intermediaries, and investors. It also discusses the various instruments that can be traded in financial markets, including shares, debentures, warrants, IDRs, ADRs, and others.
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
The document discusses the benefits of a depository system for securities such as reducing risks of lost or fake certificates, expediting transfers and settlements, and facilitating dematerialization of physical shares. It explains the roles of various entities in a depository system like depositories, depository participants, registrars and investors. The document also outlines the benefits of a depository system for investors, issuers and the overall growth and liquidity of capital markets.
This document provides information about various topics related to the stock market and finance. It includes:
1. A list of group members and their roll numbers working on a project guided by Mr. Manoj Bhatia.
2. Descriptions and definitions of key stock market terms - including the stock exchange, shares, stocks, bonds, and types of investors.
3. Details about the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), including their locations, founding dates, indexes, and daily trading schedules.
4. Explanations of other financial concepts - such as market capitalization, indexes, credit ratings, demat accounts, and initial public offerings (I
The document provides information on prudent investing in the stock market. It discusses the basics of opening trading, demat and bank accounts. It explains the role of NSDL as a depository and the growth in assets held by NSDL over time. It also discusses key points about money laundering prevention and provides tips for investors. The document then covers the basics of stock selection, including fundamental analysis using financial ratios and charts, and technical analysis using price and volume charts. It emphasizes the importance of evaluating companies as businesses and investing for the long term.
The document discusses the key aspects of the Indian financial system including its features, constituents, importance and objectives. It describes the various types of financial institutions and markets in India such as commercial banks, stock exchanges, mutual funds, insurance companies, development banks, and non-banking financial corporations. It also covers the roles and functions of major regulatory bodies like RBI, SEBI, IRDA, FMC and PFRDA. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the Indian financial system, its components and their functions in supporting economic development.
A mutual fund allows investors to pool their money together into a portfolio that is professionally managed. The document discusses the concept and operation of mutual funds, the history of mutual funds in India, the various types of mutual fund schemes categorized by constitution, investment objective, and nature of investments. It also covers the advantages of mutual funds such as professional management, diversification, convenience, liquidity, and tax benefits.
This document provides an overview of mutual funds, including their key concepts, roles, how they operate, types of funds, legal structure in India, and distribution channels. The main points are:
- A mutual fund pools money from investors and invests it in stocks, bonds and other securities, with the fund managed by a professional on behalf of investors.
- Mutual funds assist investors in earning income, provide diversification, and help raise money for governments and companies through investments.
- The legal structure of mutual funds in India involves a trust with sponsors, trustees, an asset management company, custodian and registrar & transfer agent. Key documents include SID, SAI and KIM.
- Nirmal Bang Securities Pvt. Ltd is a leading Indian broking firm established in 1986 that has transformed from a small local player to a diverse financial group.
- The Private Client Group aims to provide investment solutions and portfolio management services to high net-worth individuals and corporates regarding their equity investments.
- The research team, headed by Vishal Jajoo, provides investment recommendations based solely on fundamental analysis of companies and evaluates businesses, industries, management, and financials.
The document discusses several core investment banking services including domestic issue management, underwriting, global capital market offers, private placements, private equity advisory, buy-backs and de-listings, and corporate restructuring and mergers and amalgamations. It focuses on domestic issue management, elaborating on the definition of an issue and issue management. It notes the eligibility criteria for investment bankers to perform issue management including having a valid SEBI registration certificate and complying with codes of conduct. The document also discusses considerations for initial public offerings (IPOs) and follow-on public offerings (FPOs) including timing, pricing, and capital structure. It provides an overview of the regulatory framework for public offers in India and outlines important stages in
This document provides information about insurance basics and the Indian securities market. It discusses what insurance is, popular types of insurance like life and non-life insurance, and factors to consider when choosing an insurance policy. It also outlines the key entities that regulate the Indian securities market like SEBI and exchanges, different types of accounts needed for investment, and services offered by depository participants.
SEBI was established in 1988 and upgraded to a statutory body in 1992 through the SEBI Act. It is headquartered in Mumbai and regulates stock exchanges and other market intermediaries. SEBI aims to protect investors, ensure fair practices, and promote an efficient securities market. It has regulatory and developmental functions, including licensing market intermediaries and promoting research and investor education.
Merchant banking can be defined as a skill-oriented professional service provided by merchant banks to their clients, concerning their financial needs, for adequate consideration, in the form of fee.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in banking and finance. It covers topics such as money, financial instruments, banking, retail banking services, mortgages, insurance, and the role of information technology in banking. The document aims to help technology professionals understand financial terms and the operations of the banking sector.
Oorja Health & Nutrition Pvt. Ltd, a company that produces health and nutrition products and operates gym services, is seeking to raise capital through an initial public offering (IPO) in order to fund expansion plans. The company has been in operation for 3 years and owns assets worth approximately Rs. 3 crore. It needs Rs. 6 crore to expand its gym services and Rs. 4 crore to expand its health product plant. An IPO is the best solution for the company to raise funds with the advantages of not needing to repay the capital raised, converting to a public company and gaining access to public markets.
Critical evaluation of small investors by Abhishek PandeAbhishek Pande
The document discusses the role of SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) as the regulator of the Indian stock market and its role in protecting small investors. It outlines SEBI's objectives such as promoting awareness among small investors, educating them about economic trends, and overall economic development. The document then describes some of SEBI's powers and responsibilities, including licensing brokers and dealers, preventing fraud, regulating mergers and acquisitions, auditing stock exchanges, making new rules, and educating investors. It also discusses SEBI's findings related to issues small investors face such as misleading advice, inflated ratings and fees, front-running in high-frequency trading, and companies being bailed out.
unit-1 equity banking and finance stock marketas871534
Dematerialisation of shares refers to converting physical share certificates into electronic form for easy and secure trading. In India, two depositories, CDSL and NSDL, facilitate dematerialisation. The process involves opening a demat account with a depository participant, submitting verification documents, and requesting dematerialisation. Benefits include convenience, safety from physical certificate risks, ease of transactions, and access to corporate benefits like dividends electronically. Rematerialisation converts shares back to physical certificates if an investor prefers. Listing of securities on a stock exchange provides liquidity, encourages investment and savings, and protects investors through transparency of information.
The document provides information on the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). It discusses that SEBI is the statutory regulatory body for securities markets in India. It has the twin objectives of investor protection and market development. The document outlines SEBI's role in regulating both the primary market (public issues) and secondary market (stock exchanges). It discusses SEBI's regulations around disclosure requirements, allocation of shares, and restrictions on insider trading to promote transparency and protect investors.
The document discusses new issue markets and stock exchanges. It defines new issue markets as dealing with new securities being offered to investors for the first time, such as via initial public offerings (IPOs) or seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Stock exchanges, on the other hand, provide a ready market for trading existing securities and are physical locations. Both new issue markets and stock exchanges are affected by macroeconomic conditions. The document outlines the key participants, sources of information, and functions of new issue markets like origination, underwriting, and distribution of new securities.
This document provides an overview of financial markets and the primary and secondary markets. It defines financial markets and their role in economic development. It describes the structure of capital markets and the primary and secondary market segments. It outlines the various players in the primary market, including issuers, intermediaries, and investors. It also discusses the various instruments that can be traded in financial markets, including shares, debentures, warrants, IDRs, ADRs, and others.
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
STREETONOMICS: Exploring the Uncharted Territories of Informal Markets throug...sameer shah
Delve into the world of STREETONOMICS, where a team of 7 enthusiasts embarks on a journey to understand unorganized markets. By engaging with a coffee street vendor and crafting questionnaires, this project uncovers valuable insights into consumer behavior and market dynamics in informal settings."
[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit RatingsShaheen Kumar
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
Discover the Future of Dogecoin with Our Comprehensive Guidance36 Crypto
Learn in-depth about Dogecoin's trajectory and stay informed with 36crypto's essential and up-to-date information about the crypto space.
Our presentation delves into Dogecoin's potential future, exploring whether it's destined to skyrocket to the moon or face a downward spiral. In addition, it highlights invaluable insights. Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your crypto understanding!
https://36crypto.com/the-future-of-dogecoin-how-high-can-this-cryptocurrency-reach/
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
A toxic combination of 15 years of low growth, and four decades of high inequality, has left Britain poorer and falling behind its peers. Productivity growth is weak and public investment is low, while wages today are no higher than they were before the financial crisis. Britain needs a new economic strategy to lift itself out of stagnation.
Scotland is in many ways a microcosm of this challenge. It has become a hub for creative industries, is home to several world-class universities and a thriving community of businesses – strengths that need to be harness and leveraged. But it also has high levels of deprivation, with homelessness reaching a record high and nearly half a million people living in very deep poverty last year. Scotland won’t be truly thriving unless it finds ways to ensure that all its inhabitants benefit from growth and investment. This is the central challenge facing policy makers both in Holyrood and Westminster.
What should a new national economic strategy for Scotland include? What would the pursuit of stronger economic growth mean for local, national and UK-wide policy makers? How will economic change affect the jobs we do, the places we live and the businesses we work for? And what are the prospects for cities like Glasgow, and nations like Scotland, in rising to these challenges?
2. Topics to be Covered
⚫ Structure of Indian Financial Market
⚫ Primary Market
⚫ Procedure of IPO
⚫ Dematerialization-Process
⚫ Role of Depositories NSDL and CDSL
⚫ Functions of SEBI
⚫ Investor Protection measures of SEBI
⚫ Functions of Stock Exchange
⚫ Speculators
⚫ Credit Rating agencies-Advantages
⚫ CRISIL
⚫ CARE
⚫ ICRA
3. Structure of Financial Market
⚫ Money market
Unorganised Market
Organised Market
⚫ Capital Market
Corporate Securities
Market
Government Securities
Market
Term Loans
Short term funds
upto 1 year
RBI
Long term funds
more than 1 year
SEBI
5. Organized Money Market
⚫ Treasury Bills - Issued by RBI, purchased by Commercial
Banks, 91 day, 182 day and 364day
⚫ Certificate of Deposit- Issued by Commercial banks,
Purchased by individuals, companies trust etc. 7 days to 1 year
⚫ Commercial Paper- Issued by Companies listed on stock
exchange, purchased by banks, and other investors.
⚫ Call Money Market- inter bank call money market one day
loans can be renewed next day.
⚫ Commercial Bill Market-deals with bills of exchange
6. Capital Market
⚫ Corporate Securities Market
Primary market (Rights issue, Public issue, Private Placement)
Secondary Market
⚫ Government Securities Market
Called as Gilt edged securities market
Free from risk and are highly liquid
Issued by Central and State Governments
⚫ Long term loans Market
More than 1 year
Used for fixed assets at the time of expansion and modernisation
Term Loans Market, Mortgages Market and Financial Guarantees
Market
7. Procedure for Demat
⚫ Opening Demat Account with Depository
Participant (DP) (DP gives DRF)
⚫ Submission of DRF and share certificates
⚫ Forwarding of DRF and share certificates to the
Depository
⚫ Confirmation from Depository
⚫ Verification and updation of record by registrar of
companies
⚫ Recording by Depository
⚫ Updating by DP
⚫ Confirmation to Demat account holder
⚫ Operation of Demat account
8. Procedure for IPO
1. IPO Process initialisation
Appointment of Lead Manager
Appointment of Registrar
Appointment of syndicate members (Brokers, underwriters etc.
2. Lead Manager’s Pre Issue Part I
Prepare Draft Prospectus
File with SEBI
Promote IPO if needed
3. SEBI – Prospectus Review
Reviews draft Prospectus
Informs Lead Manager for changes, if any
Approves draft prospectus and this now becomes OFFER
PROSPECTUS
9. Procedure for IPO
4. Lead Manager Pre Issue Part II
Submission of Offer Prospectus to Stock Exchange
Decision on issue date and price issue
Modification of Prospectus with date and price band is now called
RED HERRING PROSPECTUS
Red Herring Prospectus and IPO application forms are printed and
posted to syndicate members and they distribute to investors.
5. Bidding for Public Issue by Investors
Public issue opens for investors
Investors fill application form
Syndicate members provide info to BSE/NSE and send application
forms to registrar of companies
Investors can revise bidding
Stock exchanges are informed of changes if any
Public issue closes for investors bidding
10. Procedure for IPO
6. Price fixing by Lead Manager
Lead Managers fix prices
Send the final price to SEBI and Stock Exchange
7. Processing of IPO applications by Registrar
Receives all application forms
feeds applicant data on computer systems
Sends cheques for Clearance
Finalizes allotment pattern
Prepares allotment list
Transfers shares in demat account
8. Share Listing by Lead Manager
11. Role of Depositories
⚫An organisation that holds securities in electronic
form and assists investors in trading of securities
⚫Two Depositories
NSDL-National Securities Depository Limited
CDSL-Central Depository Services Limited
⚫It is responsible to keep securities safe.
⚫Transfer of ownership is done by Depositories
12. Importance 0f Depository system
⚫ Benefits to investors
Quick transfer of shares
Less paper work
No risks
Less Costs
Quick Receipt of Payment
Quick Receipt of dividend
Bank Loan
Complete Record
⚫ Benefits to Companies
Accurate Data of
shareholders
Reduction of investor
complaints
Quick Correspondence
Less expenses
More funds
Reduction in secretarial
work
13. Introduction to NSDL
⚫NSDL was registered by SEBI in 1996 as India’s first
depository
⚫to facilitate trading and settlement of securities in
demat form
⚫Promoted by IDBI, UTI and NSE
⚫Uses innovative and flexible technology systems
⚫Helps to ensure safety settlement solutions to
increase efficiency, minimize risk and reduce cost
14. Introduction to CDSL
⚫Second largest Indian Central securities depository
based in Mumbai.
⚫Holds securities in certificate or demat form to
enable transfer of securities.
⚫NSDL-NSE and CDSL-BSE
⚫Promoted by Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)joint;y
by SBI, Bank of India, BOB, HDFC, Standard
Chartered, Axis Bank and Union Bank of India
15. Benefits of NSDL/CDSL
⚫Elimination of all risks related to physical certificates
⚫Elimination of bad deliveries
⚫Immediate transfer and registration of securities
⚫Faster Settlement cycles
⚫No Stamp duty
16. Services of NSDL/CDSL
⚫Basic Services
Account maintenance,
Demat
Remat
Inter –Depository Transfer
⚫Value Added Services
Public Issue
Dividend Distribution
Pledging
⚫CAS- Consolidated Account Statement
17. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
⚫Set up in India on 12th April 1988.
⚫Purpose - to develop and regulate stock market in
India
⚫SEBI Act was passed in 1992
Objectives
⚫Protect interest of investors
⚫To bring Professionalism in working of
intermediaries in capital markets
⚫To create a financial Climate to raise long term funds
through issue of shares and debentures
18. Functions of SEBI
⚫Protection of Investors Interest
⚫Regulates working of Mutual Funds
⚫Prohibition of Insider Trading
⚫Regulates Merchant banking
⚫Regulates Stock Brokers activities
⚫Portfolio Management
⚫Regulates Take -over and Mergers
⚫Research and Publicity
⚫Monitoring of Stock Exchange
Submission of Annual Report
Submission of Periodical Returns
19. Investors Protection Measures by SEBI
1. Investor Education and Protection Fund (IEPF)
Set up for promotion of investors awareness and protection of
interest of investors
A company who has completed 7 years should handover all
unclaimed fund dividends, matured deposits etc. to the
Government through IEPF.
2. Investor Awareness Programme
Covers major areas like portfolio mgmt, mutual funds, tax
provisions.
3. Regulations of mutual funds
Association of Mutual funds in India (1995)
20. Investors Protection Measures by SEBI
4. Investor Grievance Cell
5. Representatives for allotment process
6. Due Diligence Certificate by Merchant Bankers
7. IPO Grading
8.Redressal of Investor Grievance by Merchant
Banker
21. Stock Exchange
Stock Exchange is an association, organization or body
of individuals whether incorporated or not, established
for the purpose of assisting, regulating and controlling
business in buying, selling and dealing in securities.
-Securities Contract Regulation Act 1956
22. Functions of Stock Exchange
Acts as a Clearing House of Securities
• Facilitates quick and easy clearance of transactions between buyer
and seller
Regulation and Control of contracts
• Every stock exchange make their own bye-laws for regulation and
control of contracts (with prior approval of SEBI)
Listing of Securities
• Companies that issue shares can be listed in one or more stock
exchanges in the country
Suspension of Securities from trading
• Suspension is done when companies do not follow the rules and
regulations
23. Functions of Stock Exchange
Settlement of claims or disputes
Imposes fines or penalties
• To brokers who do not follow rules and to maintain
discipline
Registration of brokers
• Companies that issue shares can be listed in one or more
stock exchanges in the country
Maintaining records and filing returns with SEBI
24. Speculators
⚫Speculator is a person who trades derivatives,
commodities, bonds, equities or currencies
⚫higher than average risk and higher than average
profit potential.
⚫Anticipate future movements
⚫Hope to make large profits.
25. Kind of Speculators
⚫Bull
Optimistic (positive)speculator
Expects rise in future
Enters into purchase transactions with a view to sell them at a
profit in the future
Also known as Tejiwala
⚫Bear
Pessimistic (negative) speculator
Expects fall in future
Enters into selling contracts in certain securities
He will sell the securities if the price falls at a future date
Also known as Mandiwala
26. Kind of Speculators
⚫Stag
Called as a short term speculator
A day trader who attempts to profit from short term market
movements
He makes a profit when the sale price is higher than the
purchase price of securities
Also known as Tejiwala
⚫Lame Duck
When a bear is unable to meet his commitment he is said to be
a struggling lame duck
27. Credit Rating Agencies
⚫An opinion expressed by an independent rating
agency about the credit quality of the issuer of a debt
instrument.
⚫It reflects timely payment of interest and repayment
of principal amount.
28. To the Investors To the Company
⚫Investment Decision
⚫Benefits of Rating
Reviews
⚫Assurance of safety
⚫Clarity of investment
proposal
⚫Choice of instruments
⚫Saving time and effort
⚫Corporate Image
⚫Lower cost of
Borrowing
⚫Wider Audience for
borrowing
⚫Benefits to not so
popular firms
⚫Credit rating as a
Marketing tool
Advantages of Credit Rating Agencies
29. CRISIL
⚫Credit Rating Information services of India Ltd.
⚫First Credit Rating agency in India
⚫Established in January 1987
⚫Commenced its operations from 1988
⚫Largest Rating Agency in India
⚫AAA rating has changed to CRISIL AAA that implies
highest degree of safety to investors
30. Specific Roles
⚫Ratings (60000
entities in India)
⚫Research
⚫Advisory
⚫Risk Management
General Roles
⚫ Collection of information
⚫ Supply of information
⚫ Basis for investment
⚫ Corporate Discipline
⚫ Greater Credibility
⚫ Protects investor interest
⚫ Facilitates growth of
Capital Markets
Role of CRISIL
31. CARE
⚫ Credit Analysis and Research Limited
⚫ Commenced operations from April 1993
⚫ 2nd Largest Credit Rating Agency in India
⚫ Head Office at Sion, Mumbai
⚫ Regional offices in various cities
⚫ CARE AAA as highest degree of safety and CARE D as
lowest Degree-Medium and Long term Debentures
⚫ CARE A1 as very strong and CARE D as very weak-Short
term Debentures
(Role same as General Role of CRISIL)
32. ICRA
⚫ Investment Information and Credit Rating Agency
⚫ Set up in 1991
⚫ ICRA is a public limited company with shares listed on
BSE and NSE.
⚫ International Moody’s Investor Service is ICRA’s largest
shareholder
⚫ Undertakes rating of the following
Financial sector Debt ratings
Micro finance Institutions
Solar Power Grading
Construction Companies
Real estate Companies
SME etc.
ROLE OF ICRA= GENERAL ROLE OF CRISIL