This document contains questions from a 2011 exam on bio medical instrumentation. It includes questions about: 1. The characteristics and requirements of bioamplifiers and the important features of bioamplifiers. 2. The functioning of human cells including repolarization, depolarization, resting and action potentials. 3. Different types of bio-potential electrodes used to measure bioelectric events and errors caused by electrodes. 4. The relationship between electrical and mechanical activities of the heart and details about heart-lung machines.

1. Code No: V3236/R07
III B. Tech - II Semester Regular, Examinations, April/May 2011
BIO MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) What is a bio-amplifier? Describe the important features of a bio-amplifier.
b) What are the requirements of bioelectric amplifiers? (8+8)
2. a) With a neat sketch explain the functioning of a human cell. What is meant by cell
repolarization and depolarization.
b) What are resting and action potentials? (8+8)
3. a) Explain different types of bio-potential electrodes used in the measurement of bio
electric events?
b) Discuss about various errors caused by the electrodes in the measurement of the body
potentials. How to reduce these errors? (8+8)
4. a) Bring out the relation between the electrical and mechanical activities of the heart?
b) Describe in detail about a heart- lung machine? (10+6)
5. a) Discuss the direct methods of measurement of blood pressure in detail?
b) Describe with the help of a neat diagram the working of a blood flow and blood
pressure monitor? (8+8)
6. Explain the following with neat block diagrams:
a)Ventricular synchronous demand pacemaker.
b) A trial triggered pacemaker. (8+8)
7. a) Discuss in detail about the various types of electrodes used in EEG measurements?
b) Discuss in detail about the standard amplitudes and frequency bands of EEG signals?
(8+8)
8. Describe in detail about the mechanism of respiration? (16)
1 of 1
Set No: 1

2. Code No: V3236/R07
III B. Tech - II Semester Regular, Examinations, April/May 2011
BIO MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Describe the Bio signals and its characteristics?
b) List the problems encountered with measurements from human beings? (8+8)
2. a) With neat diagrams explain the terms Resting Potential and Active potential. How are
these generated in Muscles?
b) With the help of sketches explain about polarized cell and depolarized cell? (8+8)
3. a) Explain about the Bio chemical electrode with neat sketch?
b) Bring out the differences between the external and internal electrodes. Give examples.
(8+8)
4. With neat diagram, explain the electrical conduction system of the heart in detail? (16)
5. a) Explain in detail the genesis of the ECG signal?
b) Draw and explain the Einthoven triangle? (6+10)
6. Mention the types of defibrillators. Explain the safety aspects to be followed while using
defibrillator? (16)
7. a) Discuss the physiological phenomena responsible for the generation of EMG signal?
b) Give the normal amplitude and frequency range of the EMG signal? (10+6)
8. Explain the following
a) Spirometry
b) Pnemuotachograph Ventilators (8+8)
1 of 1
Set No: 2

3. Code No: V3236/R07
III B. Tech - II Semester Regular, Examinations, April/May 2011
BIO MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) What is a bio-amplifier? Describe the important features of a bio-amplifier.
b) What are the requirements of Bioelectric Amplifiers? (8+8)
2. a) Derive the nernest equation for membrane?
b) With a neat sketch explain the functioning of a human cell. What is meant by cell
repolarization and depolarization. (8+8)
3. a) Explain different types of bio-potential electrodes used in the measurement of bio
electric events?
b) Discuss about various errors caused by the electrodes in the measurement of the body
potentials. How to reduce these errors? (8+8)
4. a) Bring out the relation between the electrical and mechanical activities of the heart?
b) Describe in detail about a heart- lung machine? (10+6)
5. Explain in detail about the interpretation of ECG waveform with respect to electro
mechanical activity of the heart? (16)
6. a) Draw the general block diagram of a pace maker and explain each block in detail?
b).What is pacemaker? Explain its role and importance in function of heart? (8+8)
7. a) What are the qualitative requirements of an EEG amplifier?
b) Why and where EMG is used? (8+8)
8. Describe in detail about the mechanism of respiration? (16)
1 of 1
Set No: 3

4. Code No: V3236/R07
III B. Tech - II Semester Regular, Examinations, April/May 2011
BIO MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Discuss in detail about static and dynamic characteristics of medical instruments.
b) Explain the bio signals and its characteristics? (8+8)
2. a) Draw the structure of a living cell of our body and explain its constituents.
b) Discuss the different ways of transport of ions through the cell membrane? (8+8)
3. a) Explain about the Bio chemical electrode with neat sketch?
b) Bring out the differences between the external and internal electrodes. Give examples.
(8+8)
4. How can you differentiate between electrical and mechanical activities of the heart with neat
sketch? (16)
5. a) List the specifications of ECG machine?
b) Draw and explain the standard 12-lead configurations? (8+8)
6. a) Describe Hemodialysis machine in detail?
b) Write about the shortwave diathermy? (8+8)
7. a) Explain the working and procedure of use of an EEG machine with the help of neat
diagram?
b) Why EEG signals are different in sleeping state than those in awakening state? (8+8)
8. Explain the following
i. Spirometry
ii. Pnemuotachograph Ventilators (8+8)
1 of 1
Set No: 4