The domain names become the real economic good. After the establishing those in the early 80th as only technical “address” locating space on the server space people started to demand and supply them. It can be denoted as a starting point of the domain name market. The theory of value used to be one of the crucial questions of economic theory. As for any other, economic and market goods is necessary the question of how the value of the domain name can be estimated. The main objective of the study is to analyze trends in domain names market, explore the value drivers and identify the possibilities of improvement valuation techniques for domain names. The theoretical study witch quantitative analysis for the hypothesis verification is used. Open research questions are placed in particular fields with the goal to improve present state of the art of valuation theory in domain names field. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression modeling are applied. Statistical analysis proved that the value drivers of the domain are not World/Term, Top Level Domain and Market Place. Future research is desired in adjusting the methodology of real options according to domain names‟ market characteristics.
Impact of e commerce toward indonesian silk industry the changing value chai...ijmvsc
The advent of the internet and information technology has revolutionarized the way small medium
enterprise do business, particularly those that in the silk industry. This preliminary research will look at
the definitions of e-commerce by various authors including Turban et al (2002) and Nezu (2001). A
definition of commerce will be suggested that takes into account all the areas in e-commerce including
business-to-business e-commerce and intrabusiness e-commerce which are usually not mentioned in many
definitions of e-commerce.The new types of products i.e. digital products as well as the new business
models which include content, affiliate and customization will be mentioned. The impact of technology on
the value chain in particular disintermediation and cybermediation with relevancies from the Indonesian
Silk Industry will be discussed.The theory of Diffusion of Innovation will be stated used to understand the
evolution of the internet and the adoption of web technologies by SME.Finally, the future of e-commerce
which includes the lessons learnt from start-up failures and the way that click-and-mortar industries can
be successful will be discussed.
Here are the key roles of web architecture in online communication:
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - This is the underlying protocol that powers communication on the World Wide Web. HTTP allows clients to request resources like HTML documents from servers and receive responses. It establishes a request-response messaging system that web applications are built upon.
- URLs - Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) provide unique addresses for web resources and allow them to be linked together. URLs enable navigation between pages and resources on the web. They are essential for identifying and locating information online.
- HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is the standard language for web pages and online content. HTML defines the structure and layout of web pages and allows for rich formatting
Did you know that Direct Navigation traffic converts twice as much as search traffic? Learn about this growing practice among consumers and how domains can drive more qualified traffic to your business.
Early Stage Real Estate Tech Investment Thesis (Sept 2016)Earnest Sweat
Here is an example of a personal investment thesis that I created to share with venture capital firms. In this example, I provide my personal perspective on the real estate tech sector. For details on how I build this thesis check out my blog (https://goo.gl/CU4Qid).
Note: Some of the confidential information has been redacted for privacy.
Dennis Carlton: Impact of new gTLD on consumer welfareclaytonnarcis
This document is a preliminary report by Dennis Carlton analyzing the impact of ICANN's proposed introduction of new generic top-level domains (gTLDs) on consumer welfare. Carlton concludes that the introduction of new gTLDs is likely to improve consumer welfare by increasing competition and facilitating entry. However, he acknowledges concerns raised by DOJ and NTIA about potential consumer confusion and costs to trademark holders. Ultimately, Carlton believes these concerns can be addressed through existing legal mechanisms and ICANN procedures, and that blocking new gTLDs would harm consumer welfare more than any potential issues.
The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act and the Uniform Domain Name Di...tenesa
This document provides a summary of the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) and the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) over their first decade of existence. It begins with an introduction on the increasing importance of the internet and domain names. It then discusses cybersquatting that led to the laws' enactment and an overview of domain name basics. The document analyzes the initial cases under the new laws and compares the ACPA and UDRP. It argues that after 10 years, the laws no longer adequately address new issues like social media squatting and need to adapt to continuing technological changes.
Issue paper: The Secondary Market in Domain NamesAfnic
The secondary market for domain names has grown significantly in recent years. The number of domain name transactions increased exponentially from 26 in 2005 to over 250 in 2008. This growth is driven by the increasing need for domain names as more entities move online, and the scarcity of remaining attractive domain names. Valuing domain names can be complex, as there is no single agreed-upon method, but key factors include the domain name's meaning, length, top-level domain, language, uniqueness, and ability to generate traffic now or in the future. A variety of players are involved in the secondary market, including domain investors, domain name holders, and intermediaries who facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers.
The document discusses how the process manufacturing industry is beginning to embrace e-commerce and B2B transactions through the internet. It summarizes predictions from Forrester Research and IDC that B2B transactions in the process manufacturing industry will account for $180 billion by 2003. A conference was held in Singapore to discuss this transition, with speakers from companies like Honeywell, SAP, and Citrix presenting on how technologies can help the industry transform digitally. The conference highlighted optimism around the growth of B2B e-marketplaces and transactions in Asia Pacific region specifically.
Impact of e commerce toward indonesian silk industry the changing value chai...ijmvsc
The advent of the internet and information technology has revolutionarized the way small medium
enterprise do business, particularly those that in the silk industry. This preliminary research will look at
the definitions of e-commerce by various authors including Turban et al (2002) and Nezu (2001). A
definition of commerce will be suggested that takes into account all the areas in e-commerce including
business-to-business e-commerce and intrabusiness e-commerce which are usually not mentioned in many
definitions of e-commerce.The new types of products i.e. digital products as well as the new business
models which include content, affiliate and customization will be mentioned. The impact of technology on
the value chain in particular disintermediation and cybermediation with relevancies from the Indonesian
Silk Industry will be discussed.The theory of Diffusion of Innovation will be stated used to understand the
evolution of the internet and the adoption of web technologies by SME.Finally, the future of e-commerce
which includes the lessons learnt from start-up failures and the way that click-and-mortar industries can
be successful will be discussed.
Here are the key roles of web architecture in online communication:
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - This is the underlying protocol that powers communication on the World Wide Web. HTTP allows clients to request resources like HTML documents from servers and receive responses. It establishes a request-response messaging system that web applications are built upon.
- URLs - Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) provide unique addresses for web resources and allow them to be linked together. URLs enable navigation between pages and resources on the web. They are essential for identifying and locating information online.
- HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is the standard language for web pages and online content. HTML defines the structure and layout of web pages and allows for rich formatting
Did you know that Direct Navigation traffic converts twice as much as search traffic? Learn about this growing practice among consumers and how domains can drive more qualified traffic to your business.
Early Stage Real Estate Tech Investment Thesis (Sept 2016)Earnest Sweat
Here is an example of a personal investment thesis that I created to share with venture capital firms. In this example, I provide my personal perspective on the real estate tech sector. For details on how I build this thesis check out my blog (https://goo.gl/CU4Qid).
Note: Some of the confidential information has been redacted for privacy.
Dennis Carlton: Impact of new gTLD on consumer welfareclaytonnarcis
This document is a preliminary report by Dennis Carlton analyzing the impact of ICANN's proposed introduction of new generic top-level domains (gTLDs) on consumer welfare. Carlton concludes that the introduction of new gTLDs is likely to improve consumer welfare by increasing competition and facilitating entry. However, he acknowledges concerns raised by DOJ and NTIA about potential consumer confusion and costs to trademark holders. Ultimately, Carlton believes these concerns can be addressed through existing legal mechanisms and ICANN procedures, and that blocking new gTLDs would harm consumer welfare more than any potential issues.
The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act and the Uniform Domain Name Di...tenesa
This document provides a summary of the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) and the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) over their first decade of existence. It begins with an introduction on the increasing importance of the internet and domain names. It then discusses cybersquatting that led to the laws' enactment and an overview of domain name basics. The document analyzes the initial cases under the new laws and compares the ACPA and UDRP. It argues that after 10 years, the laws no longer adequately address new issues like social media squatting and need to adapt to continuing technological changes.
Issue paper: The Secondary Market in Domain NamesAfnic
The secondary market for domain names has grown significantly in recent years. The number of domain name transactions increased exponentially from 26 in 2005 to over 250 in 2008. This growth is driven by the increasing need for domain names as more entities move online, and the scarcity of remaining attractive domain names. Valuing domain names can be complex, as there is no single agreed-upon method, but key factors include the domain name's meaning, length, top-level domain, language, uniqueness, and ability to generate traffic now or in the future. A variety of players are involved in the secondary market, including domain investors, domain name holders, and intermediaries who facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers.
The document discusses how the process manufacturing industry is beginning to embrace e-commerce and B2B transactions through the internet. It summarizes predictions from Forrester Research and IDC that B2B transactions in the process manufacturing industry will account for $180 billion by 2003. A conference was held in Singapore to discuss this transition, with speakers from companies like Honeywell, SAP, and Citrix presenting on how technologies can help the industry transform digitally. The conference highlighted optimism around the growth of B2B e-marketplaces and transactions in Asia Pacific region specifically.
The document discusses the history and purpose of the National Retail Federation (NRF). It explains that the NRF is the largest retail trade association in the US, representing over 18,000 retail companies and 24 million employees. The NRF acts as an advocacy group and voice for the retail industry on various issues. It also provides services and research to members, such as economic forecasts around major retail holidays. Funding comes primarily from membership dues as well as large industry conferences.
Consumer reactions toward clicks and bricksinvestigating bu.docxmaxinesmith73660
Consumer reactions toward clicks and bricks:
investigating buying behaviour on-line and at
stores
GLENN J. BROWNE, JOHN R. DURRETT and JAMES C. WETHERBE
Area of ISQS, Rawls College of Business Administration, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2101,
USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. The development of the world wide web created a
new sales channel for retailers, and many thousands of
companies have attempted to take advantage of this new
method for reaching customers. Analysis of the 2000 stock
market collapse suggests that business models relying on both
internet (‘clicks’) and physical (‘bricks’) presences may be the
most successful. Internet business problems include the need to
structure internal and external business processes to serve
customers appropriately, the need to provide adequate
technological and physical infrastructures, and the need to
understand customer consumption processes in ‘virtual’ and
physical environments. The purpose of this research is to
provide insight into these problems by investigating consumer
beliefs and preferences about shopping on-line and in physical
stores. We developed a research model and then performed an
empirical investigation using two studies. Results and implica-
tions of the findings for business strategy are discussed.
1. Introduction
Technological advances in the 1990s enabled entirely
new ways of conducting business in the US and
throughout the world. Of particular importance was
the World Wide Web, an enhancement of the internet
that allowed consumers and businesses to communicate
in ways that were previously unavailable and perhaps
even unthinkable. From the mid-1990s to early 2000,
the focus of businesses was primarily on the opportu-
nities provided by the new internet capabilities.
Following the ‘dot-com’ crash in early 2000, however,
businesses began to recognize the problems associated
with doing business on the internet. From this point
onward, much of investors’ and the media’s focus
shifted to companies with both internet and ‘brick and
mortar’ presences.
Numerous researchers have investigated on-line buy-
ing behaviour over the past several years (e.g.,
Jarvenpaa and Todd 1997, Lohse et al. 1997, Bellman
et al. 1999, Lohse and Spiller 1999, Swaminathan et al.
1999, Bhatnagar et al. 2000, Chau et al. 2000, Palmer et
al. 2000, Ratchford et al. 2001). However, little research
has addressed relationships between on-line purchasing
(‘clicks’) and purchases made at physical stores
(‘bricks’). The purpose of this paper is to report the
results of two exploratory studies designed to assess
consumers’ reactions to shopping at clicks and bricks.
We first review background relevant to the two
shopping channels and the challenges faced by compa-
nies operating in the on-line environment. We next
develop a research model and research questions to
guide our investigations. We then report the results of a
large survey aimed at uncovering several of the relation-
ships specifie.
MGT 410Homework Set 3Provide a short answer to each of the fDioneWang844
MGT 410
Homework Set 3
Provide a short answer to each of the following questions.
1. Use a cause and effect diagram to develop a list of potential causes for each of the following:
a. Failure to earn an A on an examination.
b. You consistently arrive late for class or work.
c. You consistently slice when hitting a golf ball with your driver.
d. Your table lamp fails to light when you turn the switch on.
2. Prepare a flow chart for getting to work or school in the morning. Discuss areas for improvement revealed by the flow chart.
3. You have collected the following data from customer comment cards at your restaurant. Construct a Pareto diagram to show which of the problems should be investigated first. Show the cumulative frequency line on your diagram.
CommentFrequency
Dirty dishes 11
Dirty silverware 18
Inattentive service 98
Cold food 23
Wrong order 5
Overpriced 35
Long wait 4
4. Use the following data to construct a scatter diagram. Does there appear to be a relationship between hours of overtime and number of rejects? Discuss.
Hours of OvertimeNumber of Rejects
127 33
90 25
95 23
160 40
10 9
80 19
27 14
103 28
48 19
65 31
5. Your boss has asked you to evaluate the reject percentage for the past year on one of the production lines. Use the following data to construct a run chart. Does there appear to be a pattern in the change in reject rate over the year?
MonthReject %
January 3.7
February 3.3
March 3.1
April 3.5
May 3.3
June 2.7
July 3.0
August 2.3
September 2.5
October 2.2
November 1.6
December 1.7
Quality Management and Improvement
Module 6 Discussion
Explain the concept of the control chart and identify out-of-control signals on a control chart. Explain what would you do if you were a Quality Manager ?
Finance
Module 6 Discussion
Cash flow projections are a central component to the analysis of new investment ideas. In most firms, the person responsible for making these projections is not the same person who generated the investment idea in the first place. Why?
Course Review
Required Text
Schneider, G. (2012). Electronic Commerce (10th edition), Course Technology Cengage learning. Boston, MA
ISBN: 978-1-133-52682-7
The expansion of the Internet, increased bandwidth and advancements in information systems has increased the practicality and usability of Ecommerce.
“For many people the term “Electronic commerce” means shopping on the part of the Internet called the World Wide Web (the Web)” (Schneider, 2013, p. 5). These advancements in technology have brought Ecommerce from the first wave, the beginning of Ecommerce, to the portable mobile devises that are now at the forefront of the Ecommerce third wave (Schneider, 2013).
There are three main elements of Ecommerce:
Business processes that support selling and purchasing activities.
Business-to-consumer electronic commer ...
Telco 2[1].0 Two Telco2.0,Two Sided Telecoms Bus Models,Simon Torrance,08,18pLAMPAERT
1) The document discusses a "two-sided" business model for telecom companies where they generate revenue from both upstream business customers and downstream end users.
2) It estimates that this two-sided platform approach could be worth over $250 billion annually for telecom companies in mature markets.
3) Implementing this new business model would require telecom companies to take a collaborative approach and make investments that utilize their network assets and user data to provide value-added services and reduce friction in the digital economy.
1) The document discusses a "two-sided" business model for telecom companies where they generate revenue from both upstream business customers and downstream end users.
2) It estimates that this two-sided platform approach could be worth over $250 billion annually for telecom companies in mature markets.
3) Implementing this new business model would require telecom companies to utilize their underused assets to offer logistics services for data and facilitate transactions between various players in the digital economy.
The document discusses the "Democratization of Real Estate", which refers to a transition from broker-controlled real estate models to more transparent and consumer-centric models driven by increased access to property information on the internet. Key points:
1) Traditional real estate business models sought to control property information and consumer behavior, but new technology and the internet are empowering consumers with greater access to data.
2) This shift represents a "power move from localized bastions to macro access to information" and will lead to more open, horizontal business structures focused on the consumer.
3) The real estate industry faces challenges in adapting to this change, including reinventing business models to sustain profits in the new environment. Failure
Two-sided Internet platforms: A business model lifecycle perspectiveLaurent Muzellec
Multi-sided platforms bring together two or more distinct but interdependent groups of customers, normally
described as B2B and B2C. Two-sided platforms have proliferated rapidly with the Internet and this has led to
the development of new business models to monetize innovative value propositions in online markets. This
paper puts forward amodel of the evolution of themarketing strategies and businessmodels of two-sided Internet
businesses. In thismodel, Internet intermediaries are visualized as resource integrators, involving consumers and
business partners in a process of co-creation of value—an integrated, two-sided businessmodel. An analysis of five
early stage Internet ventures reveals that the business models of these Internet ventures show a clear pattern of
evolution from inception to maturity, from B2C towards B2B, and ultimately to an integrated combination
(B2B&C and B2C&B). This is primarily due to a shift in the relative influence of different business stakeholders,
identified as change agents in the context of the business modeling of two-sided Internet platforms.
This document discusses two-sided internet platforms and how their business models evolve over time. It proposes that internet ventures initially focus on either the B2C (consumer) side or B2B (business) side, but eventually integrate the two into a combined B2B&C/B2C&B model. This evolution is driven by changing influence from different stakeholders (consumers, businesses) over the lifetime of the venture. The document reviews literature on two-sided markets and value propositions, and presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the business model evolution of five case study internet ventures.
The document provides instructions for requesting an assignment writing service from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with the option of a full refund for plagiarized work. The service aims to provide original, high-quality content through a bidding system and revision process.
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The keynote presentation covered four major technology trends: cloud computing, social media and networking, mobility, and green technology/alternative energy. The presentation also discussed lessons learned over the past 10 years and what the speaker would do differently, such as developing more recurring revenue streams, focusing on retaining top talent, and being more globally aware and entrepreneurial.
The document provides an executive summary of CBRE Research's 2016 TechBook Chicago report. It finds that Chicago's tech ecosystem continues to grow, with tech tenants occupying 11.5 million square feet in the CBD. The largest concentration is in the West Loop submarket, while the greatest impact has been in the Fulton Market/Far West Loop area where tech makes up 45.2% of the inventory. Demand for office space from tech companies has risen significantly in recent years, with over 6.8 million square feet leased since 2011. However, concerns remain about a possible tech bubble given high valuations of some startups.
Semantic Web & Information Brokering: Opportunities, Commercialization and Ch...Amit Sheth
Amit Sheth, "Semantic Web & Info. Brokering Opportunities, Commercialization and Challenges," Keynote talk at the workshop on Semantic Web: Models, Architecture and Management, September 21, 2000, Lisbon, Portugal.
This was the keynote given at probably the first international event with "Semantic Web" in title (and before the well known SciAm article). As in TBL's use of Semantic Web in his 1999 book, (semantic) metadata plays central role. The use of Worldmodel/Ontology is consistent with our use of ontology for (Web) information integration in 1994 CIKM paper. Summary of the talk by event organizers and other details are at: http://knoesis.org/library/resource.php?id=735
Prof. Sheth started a Semantic Web company Taalee, Inc. in 1999 (product was called MediaAnywhere A/V search engine- discussed in this paper in the context of one of its use by a customer Redband Broadcasting). The product included Semantic Web/populated Ontology based semantic (faceted) search, semantic browsing, semantic personalization, semantic targeting (advertisement), etc as is described in U.S. Patent #6311194, 30 Oct. 2001 (filed 2000). MediaAnywhere has about 25 ontologies in News/Business, Sports, Entertainment, etc.
Taalee merged to become Voquette in 2001 (product was called SCORE), Semagix in 2004 (product was called Semagix Freedom), and then Fortent in 2006 (products included Know Your Customers).
What factors determine the success of market-leaders in the sharing economy? ...Joe Bitter
This document provides a literature review for Joseph Bitter's dissertation on factors determining success in the sharing economy. It discusses key concepts like collaborative consumption and the importance of trust and reviews in building user networks. The literature review covers works by Rachel Botsman, Sangeet Choudary, and others analyzing the sharing economy and factors like scalability, venture capital funding, flexibility, and the threat of substitutes. While much has been written on these topics, the document notes that frameworks for identifying competitive threats and indicators of success in the sharing economy have been limited.
- The document analyzes why online real estate listing platforms have failed to effectively connect buyers and sellers. It argues these sites inhibit the formation of a centralized marketplace by catering to real estate agents and excluding independent listings. In contrast, Craigslist allows an unrestricted marketplace to develop by offering free classified listings without barriers.
DomRaider is launching its token, the DRT, to finance its growth and to propel its blockchain auctions onto a worldwide sphere.
For more information about DomRaider Initial Coin Offering, we encourage you all to read our whitepaper and please do not hesitate to ask us any questions!
Token Sale scheduled for september 12th.
www.domraider.io
Nowak & Grantham _ The virtual incubator managing human capital in the softwa...Vasily Ryzhonkov
In a knowledge-based economy, the creation of wealth becomes synonymous with creating products and services with large software content. However, despite a few major players, the software industry as a whole is fragmented and consists mainly of small, niche market entrepreneurial ventures. The authors study the California software industry to characterize the major barriers to success for these ventures. Simultaneously, a fundamental shift of software technology to a component-based development paradigm will reinforce the industry’s fragmented nature by fuelling a third party, independent software component economy. Coupled with the globalization of the IT industry in general, the need for startups and small companies
to form strategic partnerships will become increasingly critical to their ability to create wealth. In recent years, innovative public–private partnerships have attempted to assist startups by addressing their lack of physical resources or capital. This is best illustrated by the dramatic growth of incubators and regional capital networks. In this paper, the authors propose a ‘‘ virtual incubator’’ model to facilitate startup success and business network formation, shifting the focus to the ‘‘ virtual
value chain’’ and to connecting startups with business expertise and strategic partners in the marketplace. The authors provide a theoretical basis for the model and its implementation, important to potential investors in virtual incubators.
Tech M&A Monthly: Forecast 2016 - Part 2: Private EquityCorum Group
Private Equity’s role in today's Tech M&A market continues to grow, with no upper bounds in sight. They are in the mix for on most deals, whether directly or through a portfolio company, going after both platforms companies and bolt-ons. And with trillions in uncommitted funds earmarked to be spent, they're outbidding strategic buyers, driving up valuations and changing the competitive landscape. Is your market on their radar? How can you get direct interest from Private Equity? What do you do when you’ve got it? What about from a portfolio company? Find out from our panel of leading global Private Equity firms.
This document analyzes different fraud theories - the fraud triangle, fraud diamond, and fraud pentagon - and their ability to detect corporate fraud in Indonesia. It reviews the literature on each theory and their components (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance). The study uses secondary data from 310 publicly listed Indonesian companies from 2012-2017 to empirically test if the theories significantly affect corporate fraud. The results of statistical tests show the data supports all the hypotheses, indicating all three fraud theories can be used to investigate corporate fraud based only on publicly available secondary data.
Traditional markets in Indonesia were created so that people from all walks of life can fulfill their needs, especially staple food products, without having to spend a lot of money. However, the prices of food products in different markets vary depending on the consumers of the particular market. The aims of this article were to compare the price difference of staple food products in several traditional markets and to find out the factors that cause the price difference. The data were collected by carrying out a survey to five traditional markets around Jakarta regarding the prices of ten staple food products. The data were analyzed quantitatively using statistical calculation ANOVA from SPSS version 22, and also qualitatively to discuss several factors underlying the price differences. Results revealed that price differences of staple food products were not only caused by market location, but other factors such as pricing strategy and consumer specification. This research implied that traditional markets were still chosen by Indonesian consumers to fulfill their needs because of the competitive price.
More Related Content
Similar to Identifying and Managing Domain Value Drivers
The document discusses the history and purpose of the National Retail Federation (NRF). It explains that the NRF is the largest retail trade association in the US, representing over 18,000 retail companies and 24 million employees. The NRF acts as an advocacy group and voice for the retail industry on various issues. It also provides services and research to members, such as economic forecasts around major retail holidays. Funding comes primarily from membership dues as well as large industry conferences.
Consumer reactions toward clicks and bricksinvestigating bu.docxmaxinesmith73660
Consumer reactions toward clicks and bricks:
investigating buying behaviour on-line and at
stores
GLENN J. BROWNE, JOHN R. DURRETT and JAMES C. WETHERBE
Area of ISQS, Rawls College of Business Administration, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2101,
USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. The development of the world wide web created a
new sales channel for retailers, and many thousands of
companies have attempted to take advantage of this new
method for reaching customers. Analysis of the 2000 stock
market collapse suggests that business models relying on both
internet (‘clicks’) and physical (‘bricks’) presences may be the
most successful. Internet business problems include the need to
structure internal and external business processes to serve
customers appropriately, the need to provide adequate
technological and physical infrastructures, and the need to
understand customer consumption processes in ‘virtual’ and
physical environments. The purpose of this research is to
provide insight into these problems by investigating consumer
beliefs and preferences about shopping on-line and in physical
stores. We developed a research model and then performed an
empirical investigation using two studies. Results and implica-
tions of the findings for business strategy are discussed.
1. Introduction
Technological advances in the 1990s enabled entirely
new ways of conducting business in the US and
throughout the world. Of particular importance was
the World Wide Web, an enhancement of the internet
that allowed consumers and businesses to communicate
in ways that were previously unavailable and perhaps
even unthinkable. From the mid-1990s to early 2000,
the focus of businesses was primarily on the opportu-
nities provided by the new internet capabilities.
Following the ‘dot-com’ crash in early 2000, however,
businesses began to recognize the problems associated
with doing business on the internet. From this point
onward, much of investors’ and the media’s focus
shifted to companies with both internet and ‘brick and
mortar’ presences.
Numerous researchers have investigated on-line buy-
ing behaviour over the past several years (e.g.,
Jarvenpaa and Todd 1997, Lohse et al. 1997, Bellman
et al. 1999, Lohse and Spiller 1999, Swaminathan et al.
1999, Bhatnagar et al. 2000, Chau et al. 2000, Palmer et
al. 2000, Ratchford et al. 2001). However, little research
has addressed relationships between on-line purchasing
(‘clicks’) and purchases made at physical stores
(‘bricks’). The purpose of this paper is to report the
results of two exploratory studies designed to assess
consumers’ reactions to shopping at clicks and bricks.
We first review background relevant to the two
shopping channels and the challenges faced by compa-
nies operating in the on-line environment. We next
develop a research model and research questions to
guide our investigations. We then report the results of a
large survey aimed at uncovering several of the relation-
ships specifie.
MGT 410Homework Set 3Provide a short answer to each of the fDioneWang844
MGT 410
Homework Set 3
Provide a short answer to each of the following questions.
1. Use a cause and effect diagram to develop a list of potential causes for each of the following:
a. Failure to earn an A on an examination.
b. You consistently arrive late for class or work.
c. You consistently slice when hitting a golf ball with your driver.
d. Your table lamp fails to light when you turn the switch on.
2. Prepare a flow chart for getting to work or school in the morning. Discuss areas for improvement revealed by the flow chart.
3. You have collected the following data from customer comment cards at your restaurant. Construct a Pareto diagram to show which of the problems should be investigated first. Show the cumulative frequency line on your diagram.
CommentFrequency
Dirty dishes 11
Dirty silverware 18
Inattentive service 98
Cold food 23
Wrong order 5
Overpriced 35
Long wait 4
4. Use the following data to construct a scatter diagram. Does there appear to be a relationship between hours of overtime and number of rejects? Discuss.
Hours of OvertimeNumber of Rejects
127 33
90 25
95 23
160 40
10 9
80 19
27 14
103 28
48 19
65 31
5. Your boss has asked you to evaluate the reject percentage for the past year on one of the production lines. Use the following data to construct a run chart. Does there appear to be a pattern in the change in reject rate over the year?
MonthReject %
January 3.7
February 3.3
March 3.1
April 3.5
May 3.3
June 2.7
July 3.0
August 2.3
September 2.5
October 2.2
November 1.6
December 1.7
Quality Management and Improvement
Module 6 Discussion
Explain the concept of the control chart and identify out-of-control signals on a control chart. Explain what would you do if you were a Quality Manager ?
Finance
Module 6 Discussion
Cash flow projections are a central component to the analysis of new investment ideas. In most firms, the person responsible for making these projections is not the same person who generated the investment idea in the first place. Why?
Course Review
Required Text
Schneider, G. (2012). Electronic Commerce (10th edition), Course Technology Cengage learning. Boston, MA
ISBN: 978-1-133-52682-7
The expansion of the Internet, increased bandwidth and advancements in information systems has increased the practicality and usability of Ecommerce.
“For many people the term “Electronic commerce” means shopping on the part of the Internet called the World Wide Web (the Web)” (Schneider, 2013, p. 5). These advancements in technology have brought Ecommerce from the first wave, the beginning of Ecommerce, to the portable mobile devises that are now at the forefront of the Ecommerce third wave (Schneider, 2013).
There are three main elements of Ecommerce:
Business processes that support selling and purchasing activities.
Business-to-consumer electronic commer ...
Telco 2[1].0 Two Telco2.0,Two Sided Telecoms Bus Models,Simon Torrance,08,18pLAMPAERT
1) The document discusses a "two-sided" business model for telecom companies where they generate revenue from both upstream business customers and downstream end users.
2) It estimates that this two-sided platform approach could be worth over $250 billion annually for telecom companies in mature markets.
3) Implementing this new business model would require telecom companies to take a collaborative approach and make investments that utilize their network assets and user data to provide value-added services and reduce friction in the digital economy.
1) The document discusses a "two-sided" business model for telecom companies where they generate revenue from both upstream business customers and downstream end users.
2) It estimates that this two-sided platform approach could be worth over $250 billion annually for telecom companies in mature markets.
3) Implementing this new business model would require telecom companies to utilize their underused assets to offer logistics services for data and facilitate transactions between various players in the digital economy.
The document discusses the "Democratization of Real Estate", which refers to a transition from broker-controlled real estate models to more transparent and consumer-centric models driven by increased access to property information on the internet. Key points:
1) Traditional real estate business models sought to control property information and consumer behavior, but new technology and the internet are empowering consumers with greater access to data.
2) This shift represents a "power move from localized bastions to macro access to information" and will lead to more open, horizontal business structures focused on the consumer.
3) The real estate industry faces challenges in adapting to this change, including reinventing business models to sustain profits in the new environment. Failure
Two-sided Internet platforms: A business model lifecycle perspectiveLaurent Muzellec
Multi-sided platforms bring together two or more distinct but interdependent groups of customers, normally
described as B2B and B2C. Two-sided platforms have proliferated rapidly with the Internet and this has led to
the development of new business models to monetize innovative value propositions in online markets. This
paper puts forward amodel of the evolution of themarketing strategies and businessmodels of two-sided Internet
businesses. In thismodel, Internet intermediaries are visualized as resource integrators, involving consumers and
business partners in a process of co-creation of value—an integrated, two-sided businessmodel. An analysis of five
early stage Internet ventures reveals that the business models of these Internet ventures show a clear pattern of
evolution from inception to maturity, from B2C towards B2B, and ultimately to an integrated combination
(B2B&C and B2C&B). This is primarily due to a shift in the relative influence of different business stakeholders,
identified as change agents in the context of the business modeling of two-sided Internet platforms.
This document discusses two-sided internet platforms and how their business models evolve over time. It proposes that internet ventures initially focus on either the B2C (consumer) side or B2B (business) side, but eventually integrate the two into a combined B2B&C/B2C&B model. This evolution is driven by changing influence from different stakeholders (consumers, businesses) over the lifetime of the venture. The document reviews literature on two-sided markets and value propositions, and presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the business model evolution of five case study internet ventures.
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The keynote presentation covered four major technology trends: cloud computing, social media and networking, mobility, and green technology/alternative energy. The presentation also discussed lessons learned over the past 10 years and what the speaker would do differently, such as developing more recurring revenue streams, focusing on retaining top talent, and being more globally aware and entrepreneurial.
The document provides an executive summary of CBRE Research's 2016 TechBook Chicago report. It finds that Chicago's tech ecosystem continues to grow, with tech tenants occupying 11.5 million square feet in the CBD. The largest concentration is in the West Loop submarket, while the greatest impact has been in the Fulton Market/Far West Loop area where tech makes up 45.2% of the inventory. Demand for office space from tech companies has risen significantly in recent years, with over 6.8 million square feet leased since 2011. However, concerns remain about a possible tech bubble given high valuations of some startups.
Semantic Web & Information Brokering: Opportunities, Commercialization and Ch...Amit Sheth
Amit Sheth, "Semantic Web & Info. Brokering Opportunities, Commercialization and Challenges," Keynote talk at the workshop on Semantic Web: Models, Architecture and Management, September 21, 2000, Lisbon, Portugal.
This was the keynote given at probably the first international event with "Semantic Web" in title (and before the well known SciAm article). As in TBL's use of Semantic Web in his 1999 book, (semantic) metadata plays central role. The use of Worldmodel/Ontology is consistent with our use of ontology for (Web) information integration in 1994 CIKM paper. Summary of the talk by event organizers and other details are at: http://knoesis.org/library/resource.php?id=735
Prof. Sheth started a Semantic Web company Taalee, Inc. in 1999 (product was called MediaAnywhere A/V search engine- discussed in this paper in the context of one of its use by a customer Redband Broadcasting). The product included Semantic Web/populated Ontology based semantic (faceted) search, semantic browsing, semantic personalization, semantic targeting (advertisement), etc as is described in U.S. Patent #6311194, 30 Oct. 2001 (filed 2000). MediaAnywhere has about 25 ontologies in News/Business, Sports, Entertainment, etc.
Taalee merged to become Voquette in 2001 (product was called SCORE), Semagix in 2004 (product was called Semagix Freedom), and then Fortent in 2006 (products included Know Your Customers).
What factors determine the success of market-leaders in the sharing economy? ...Joe Bitter
This document provides a literature review for Joseph Bitter's dissertation on factors determining success in the sharing economy. It discusses key concepts like collaborative consumption and the importance of trust and reviews in building user networks. The literature review covers works by Rachel Botsman, Sangeet Choudary, and others analyzing the sharing economy and factors like scalability, venture capital funding, flexibility, and the threat of substitutes. While much has been written on these topics, the document notes that frameworks for identifying competitive threats and indicators of success in the sharing economy have been limited.
- The document analyzes why online real estate listing platforms have failed to effectively connect buyers and sellers. It argues these sites inhibit the formation of a centralized marketplace by catering to real estate agents and excluding independent listings. In contrast, Craigslist allows an unrestricted marketplace to develop by offering free classified listings without barriers.
DomRaider is launching its token, the DRT, to finance its growth and to propel its blockchain auctions onto a worldwide sphere.
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Nowak & Grantham _ The virtual incubator managing human capital in the softwa...Vasily Ryzhonkov
In a knowledge-based economy, the creation of wealth becomes synonymous with creating products and services with large software content. However, despite a few major players, the software industry as a whole is fragmented and consists mainly of small, niche market entrepreneurial ventures. The authors study the California software industry to characterize the major barriers to success for these ventures. Simultaneously, a fundamental shift of software technology to a component-based development paradigm will reinforce the industry’s fragmented nature by fuelling a third party, independent software component economy. Coupled with the globalization of the IT industry in general, the need for startups and small companies
to form strategic partnerships will become increasingly critical to their ability to create wealth. In recent years, innovative public–private partnerships have attempted to assist startups by addressing their lack of physical resources or capital. This is best illustrated by the dramatic growth of incubators and regional capital networks. In this paper, the authors propose a ‘‘ virtual incubator’’ model to facilitate startup success and business network formation, shifting the focus to the ‘‘ virtual
value chain’’ and to connecting startups with business expertise and strategic partners in the marketplace. The authors provide a theoretical basis for the model and its implementation, important to potential investors in virtual incubators.
Tech M&A Monthly: Forecast 2016 - Part 2: Private EquityCorum Group
Private Equity’s role in today's Tech M&A market continues to grow, with no upper bounds in sight. They are in the mix for on most deals, whether directly or through a portfolio company, going after both platforms companies and bolt-ons. And with trillions in uncommitted funds earmarked to be spent, they're outbidding strategic buyers, driving up valuations and changing the competitive landscape. Is your market on their radar? How can you get direct interest from Private Equity? What do you do when you’ve got it? What about from a portfolio company? Find out from our panel of leading global Private Equity firms.
This document analyzes different fraud theories - the fraud triangle, fraud diamond, and fraud pentagon - and their ability to detect corporate fraud in Indonesia. It reviews the literature on each theory and their components (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance). The study uses secondary data from 310 publicly listed Indonesian companies from 2012-2017 to empirically test if the theories significantly affect corporate fraud. The results of statistical tests show the data supports all the hypotheses, indicating all three fraud theories can be used to investigate corporate fraud based only on publicly available secondary data.
Traditional markets in Indonesia were created so that people from all walks of life can fulfill their needs, especially staple food products, without having to spend a lot of money. However, the prices of food products in different markets vary depending on the consumers of the particular market. The aims of this article were to compare the price difference of staple food products in several traditional markets and to find out the factors that cause the price difference. The data were collected by carrying out a survey to five traditional markets around Jakarta regarding the prices of ten staple food products. The data were analyzed quantitatively using statistical calculation ANOVA from SPSS version 22, and also qualitatively to discuss several factors underlying the price differences. Results revealed that price differences of staple food products were not only caused by market location, but other factors such as pricing strategy and consumer specification. This research implied that traditional markets were still chosen by Indonesian consumers to fulfill their needs because of the competitive price.
Airport enterprise innovation performance is a crucial issue that planners, decision makers and managers should focus in order to drive the airport enterprise performance towards sustainable development. The strategic infrastructure needs, and investments need to include improvements across all major factors that affect the innovation dimension of sustainable development.
Key objective of the paper is to highlight the challenges in airport enterprise management towards sustainable development in terms of innovation improvement. A performance evaluation towards innovation and sustainable development framework is adopted and a case study application highlights the crucial role of airport enterprise management performance innovation dimension towards sustainable development. Conventional wisdom is to stimulate the interest on topic and promote a framework addressing to evaluate airport enterprise management performance towards innovation and sustainable development.
In the business world, companies need high performance. Performance is the result or overall success rate of a person over a period of time in carrying out tasks compared to various possibilities, such as predetermined standards of work, targets, or criteria. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence on employee performance. The population in this study were 63 employees of PT PLN (Persero). This study uses quantitative associative, with data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that both intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Intellectual intelligence has the greatest influence on employee performance, followed by spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence. Intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence together have an effect of 52.4% on employee performance, and the remaining 47.6% is influenced by other factors not explained in this study.
The main purpose of the research study is to analyze the effect of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work insecurity as well as their impact on the performance of Bank Aceh Syariah. The samples of the research are 209 employees which are selected with survey methods. Data was collected by using questionnaire, and then the data was analyzed with statistical methods of structural equation model (SEM). The study found that the organizational commitment and job satisfaction have a negative effect on turnover intention, but positive effect on the performance of Bank Aceh Syariah. The work insecurity has a positive effect on turnover intention, but negatif effect on the performance of the bank.
This study aims to test the effect of employee engagement and organization trust on organization citizenship behaviour and its impact on organization Effectiveness. The object of this research is the government organization of Pidie Jaya with Echelon IV Officers as a respondent. The number of sample is determined by using proportional sampling technique and Slovin equation, and it provides 171 respondents. Data is analyzed using the path analysis with the SPSS program assistance. The findings describes that employee engagement, organization trust, organization citizenship behaviour and organization Effectiveness have been going well. For the verification test of direct effect provides: employee engagement effects organization citizenship behaviour; organization trust effects organization citizenship behaviour significantly; employee engagement effects organization Effectiveness significantly; organization trust effects organization effectiveness significantly, and; organization citizenship behaviour effects organization Effectiveness significantly. These all findings prove that the previous theories are still applicable, and these also apply in Government organization of Pidie Jaya District. The originality of this research is in its novelty in term of the object, time, and statistic approach. This result contributes to academic and research area in order to develop the next model and method. For the practical, this has verified that the variables in this research need more attention from the managers especially in organization related.
This paper is an analysis on the impact machine learning, Artificial Intelligence, and robotics has on the supply chain management. The analysis covers the basis of AI in the SCM mechanisms while defining it from the ground up. Later on, to shed a true light on supply first the paper zooms in on the effects of machines in marketing. From what particular methodologies are deployed in today’s environment extending all the way to its anticipated outcomes. As the reader progresses he/she will find valuable studies on the main segments of machine learning within the supply chain itself. Certain novelties and innovations are scrutinized regarding SCM alongside these studies. These innovations are exemplified by certain cases presented in Part 3. The penultimate section briefly examines the possible drawbacks of the surge in machine application in SCM. The final section compiles the ideas presented in the paper as a whole and gives a glimpse of an estimate for the near future.
Huang (2018) decomposes the differences in quantile portfolio returns using distribution regression. The main issue of using distribution regression is that the decomposition results are path dependent. In this paper, we are able to obtain path independent decomposition results by combining the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and the recentered influence function regression method. We show that aggregate composition effects are all positive across quantiles and the market factor is the most significant factor which has detailed composition effect monotonically decreasing with quantiles. The main decomposition results are consistent with Huang (2018)
In Kenya, the newly promulgated constitution of 2010 (CoK, 2010), provides the basis of monitoring and evaluation as an important tool for operationalizing National and County Government projects to ensure projects success, integrity, transparency and accountability. The county governments are responsible for delivering basic services in collaboration with other agencies and partners to enhance quality of life: however, the county government projects has been marred by lack of integrity, transparency, accountability and litany of other monitoring and evaluation weakness which has undermined the impacts and success of projects including Regional Economic Blocs. Lake Region Economic Bloc (LREB) which comprised of fourteen counties bordering Lake Victoria Basin is not sparred either. The study was conducted in six LREB Counties namely, Migori, Homabay, Kisumu, Siaya, Kakamega and Vihiga chosen in a random manner. This study specifically assessed the effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation methods on the Performance of County Governments Projects. The study was guided by the theory of change. The research was carried out using descriptive survey design which entails both qualitative and quantitative data collection procedures. The researcher used stratified random sampling techniques to draw a sample from the study population. The qualitative method focused on group discussion and in-depth interviews. The quantitative techniques employed questionnaires to 398 purposively selected subjects from the county projects. Data collection was from two main sources; primary and secondary. Secondary sources included relevant county documents, constitution, legislations, policy documents and reports among others. The Study employed questionnaires, Focus group discussion and Interview guide as its primary data collection method. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 18.0 was used for analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics techniques and presented in tables and figures. The study findings indicated thatM&E methods, indicated by the coefficient of effectiveness (R2) which is also evidenced by F change 109.403>p-values (0.05). This implies that this variableis significant (since the p values<0.05) and therefore should be considered as part of effectiveness of M&E systems on the performance of County Governments projects. The study concludes that there are no effective and adequate projects monitoring and evaluation methods in place for County Government Projects, which can facilitate the achievement of desired projects performance and outcomes. The study recommends that the County Government should develop a clear M&E methods for each project with clear data collection, analysis, reporting and implementation methods. This Study recommends further research to be conducted in the other Regional County Economic Blocs.
This document summarizes a study on trust among Igbo businessmen in Nigeria. It finds that Igbo businessmen predominantly practice affective-based trust (70%) over cognitive-based trust (18%) in business dealings. Affective trust is built through personal relationships and past experiences, while cognitive trust relies more on general beliefs. The study also explores the role of trust in Igbo culture and business, finding trust is important for negotiations, relationships, and future dealings. Dependability, quality, timeliness, and reputation were key factors that build trust among Igbo businessmen. The impact of trust is that it encourages more business and a peaceful environment.
This study is directed to determine the role of government treasurer in state university in tax compliance. With the spirit of the state apparatus, especially the Civil Servant, in reporting the taxes, it is expected to become a continuously growing and infectious snowball to the taxpayers to report their taxes correctly, completely and clearly as well as to avoid administrative sanctions that are subject to such non-compliance. This study method used is qualitative, the source of this study is government treasurer. The use of this qualitative approach is based on the concept of natural setting, grounded theory, descriptive, more concerned with the process than the outcome, temporary design, and research results are negotiated and agreed upon. The results show that treasurers have a big role in tax compliance, but however, there are still many obstacles that must be faced in fulfilling their financial obligations. this research was conducted only in one state university, so that data that could be processed was very limited.
The corporate governance is a popular topic within two last decade, and the emerging economies are practicing &enhancing their performances. The review is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the corporate governance implications on firm’s performances. The study followed the deductive approach and the journal articles, and the reports have used the source of the review. As per the literature findings, the researcher developed a conceptual design for the case review. The independent variable is the corporate governance mechanism, and the dependent variable is organizations performances. Both independent and dependent variables comprise the different type of corporate governance practice and the different function of the organizational performances. The review found that all the types of corporate governance practices are influenced to the organizational performance and the better corporate governance mechanism can enhance all type of performances.
Innovative work behavior is likely to be an important need for the increasing performance of the hospital to provide the health public services. Theoretically and empirically, the behaviors be related to employee perception on management support, information technology and employee empowerment. The study aims to determine the effect of management supports and information technology on employee empowerment as well as their impact on the innovative work behaviors of the employee of dr. Zainoel Abidin District Hospital Banda Aceh. The study conducted of 302 employees of the hospital. The data collected by questionnaire and then the data is analyzed by statistical means of structural equation model (SEM). The study found that management support and information technology have a positive and significant effect on the employee empowerment and innovative work behavior. The employee empowerment mediates the effect of management supports and information technology on the innovative work behavior.
This research deals with an insight and analysis of the economy projectification in a smaller country, here represented by Croatia. The study was inspired by similar research conducted in Germany, Island and Norway and it is based on similar but partly adapted methodology. The objective of this study is to measure level of economy projectification in a smaller country, and to provide relevant data related for the level of project work. The random sample of 250 companies, from both public and private sectors, was selected across nine sectors of the economy. A stratified random sampling was drawn and interviews were conducted via telephone, so as on-line survey. While analysing collected data and considering the objectives of this paper, only basic statistical analyses were applied for calculating averages and mean values. This study confirmed that projectification trends and figures in a smaller country are similar to those in larger or developed countries. During the period of last five years, the projectification level of the Croatian economy was increased from 27% (in 2013.) to33% (in 2018.). The results show significant difference in projectification among the different sectors of economy, so as changes and trends over the recent time period.
This paper is designed to show how integrated process planning and cross employee planning can be a vital part to any business operation. It will also uncover how different integrated processes and employee relations will help a business to grow. Various topics ranging from enterprise resource planning, integrated planning in supply chains, the non-linear approach, innovation and digitalization coupled with cross training and empowerment, Human resources, and Manager Employee relations complement each other and could bring an organization together. Various thought processes and intellectual reasoning skills were instrumental in all consideration of this project. Many antiquated processes were changed over the years to update operations in the business world where conventional means were not effective. Integrating product planning and employee planning optimized operations both in the product and service industry and I will accent many of these optimizations. With recent technological advances and human relations tactics, project management and organization has been streamlined and works more productively than its predecessors. Regardless of the industry, integrated process planning, and cross employee planning could possible turn a dinosaur into a competitive part of the economy.
One of the problems in big cities are transportation.They solve this problem by providing mass transportation such bus or train. People use this facility to travel between surrounding cities or within the city. Jakarta recently has a new public transportation called TransJakarta which serving people travelingfrom nearby cities and in the city.In order to move or doing business between places people in Jakarta use TransJakarta This research aims to analyse ticket price, service quality and customer value toward customer satisfaction. We conducted a research by using questionnaires given to thepassangers and developed a model using a multiple regression to process the result from questionnaires. Samples were taken from The number of sample for this reseach was 130 customers taken from one bus stop which passengers traveled from BSD City to Grogol and Slipi. The results from partial testing showed that customer value andservice quality have effect on customer satisfaction while ticket price does not have effect on customer satisfaction.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the relationships between perceived website quality, perceived benefits, electronic word of mouth (eWOM), trust, and consumer attitudes toward online shopping in Indonesia. The study used a survey of 118 online shopping consumers and structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The results showed that perceived website quality positively influences perceived benefits and trust. Perceived benefits and trust positively impact consumer attitudes toward online shopping. Additionally, perceived website quality indirectly influences consumer attitudes through its effect on trust.
Dairying is one of the livestock productions practiced almost all over Ethiopia, involving a vast number of small, medium, or large-sized, subsistence or market-oriented farms. However, the structure and performance of dairy sectors and its products marketing both for domestic consumption and for export is generally perceived poor in Ethiopia due to different challenges. These challenges vary across different production system to another and/or from one location to another. Among other challenges seasonality of production, spoilage (lack of milk collecting facilities), poor animal health and management, inadequate supply of quality feed, low productivity and genetics ,quality problem, weak vertical integration, absence processing plant, inadequate permanent trade routes and other facilities like feeds, water, holding grounds, lack or non-provision of transport, lack of access to land, ineffectiveness and inadequate infrastructural and institutional set-ups, prevalence of diseases, lack of credit and inadequate market information are dominant in Ethiopia. Therefore, market infrastructure facilities, producers cooperative, feed quality and quantity provision system need to be strengthen for effective dairy value chain development.
This research paper examines customer intention to reorder in respect to delivery service and product satisfaction. Our research model includes delivery service, satisfaction and reorder intention. Satisfaction in this research model work as mediating variable. A survey method was adopted to collect data, collected data were analysis using SPSS to see the correlation between variables. A significant relationship was found between delivery service and reorder intention as well as moderating role was also note with satisfaction and reorder intention.
This paper examines the impact of internet use on student performance. In this cross-sectional study, one hundred twenty survey responses were collected from plus two-level students from BirendranagarSurkhet. The respondents were selected from class 11 and 12 students randomly. Frequency of internet use, location of internet use, cooperation from teachers for internet learning and peer group influence on internet use for academic purpose has been analyzed with their academic performance.one sample t test was used to analyze the data. The finding concludes all these variables have positive impact if the student use internet for learning process. Similarly, the analysis shows that the student who used internet at home for learning purpose has found highest academic achievement.
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1. www.theijbmt.com 131|Page
The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, Volume 2 Issue 4 July-August 2018
ISSN: 2581-3889
Research Article Open Access
Identifying and Managing Domain Value Drivers
Mojmir Sabolovic
University of Economics Prague, Faculty of Management, msabolovic@gmail.com
Abstract: The domain names become the real economic good. After the establishing those in the early 80th as only
technical “address” locating space on the server space people started to demand and supply them. It can be denoted as a
starting point of the domain name market. The theory of value used to be one of the crucial questions of economic
theory. As for any other, economic and market goods is necessary the question of how the value of the domain name can
be estimated. The main objective of the study is to analyze trends in domain names market, explore the value drivers
and identify the possibilities of improvement valuation techniques for domain names. The theoretical study witch
quantitative analysis for the hypothesis verification is used. Open research questions are placed in particular fields with
the goal to improve present state of the art of valuation theory in domain names field. Descriptive statistics and multiple
regression modeling are applied. Statistical analysis proved that the value drivers of the domain are not World/Term,
Top Level Domain and Market Place. Future research is desired in adjusting the methodology of real options according
to domain names‟ market characteristics.
Keywords: Domain, Entropy, Real Estate, Valuation, Value Drivers
I. Introduction
At the beginning of the domain, name industry age domains became economic goods with very low price back
at the end of 80th and begging of 90th. The value was determined by the direct price of domain registration. Domain
names are not possible to consider as free goods. From the World go there had never existed zero opportunity costs.
Intellectual property law such as trademarks, brand name, business firms, patents, copyrights inverting the tradable
intangible assets into scare goods. Increasing entropy of internet ecosystem has the significant and unquestionable
impact on domain names value increasing. here are two points of view on measuring the wealth of domain name. The
first approach comes from the fundamental laws of a market economy - supply and demand. This activity is called
pricing. The second approach is based on intrinsic value arising from fundamentals. This activity is called valuation. The
domain name can be valued also an option. The characteristics of domain name fit to option inputs. The domain name
has as s the registration of the trademark limited durability period according to obligatory registration. Big picture point
of view indicates domain names have generally been going up to value. The internet business is growing and attracting
limited people‟s and businesses time and expenditure (Jones, 2011). The proof comes up with the grows of overall
internet business its medium is just internet mostly expressed via domain names. The growing demand on domain
names expressed by a number of registered domain crowding the domain space. Articulated by the entropy of
thermodynamic system transposed into internet ecosystem as a part of the theory of information on one side, economic
and private good as a part o economics theory, intangible assets as a part of accountancy and last but not least
intellectual property according to law.
II. Domain as a Real Estate
Lindenthal (Lindenthal, 2011) and KM Publishing (Publishing.com, 2009) consider the market for domain names as
real estate (buildings and land). There are unconsciously applied connotations of the concepts of spatial economics.
Lindenthal (Lindenthal, 2011) further transfers the theoretical and empirically vivificated framework of real estate
valuation to virtual internet ecosystem. Technical numerical code localizing a website is called the address, then is for
better orientation of the user this numerical code associated with the alphabetical statement, and it is called the domain.
Users are called visitors, the most widely used web browser is called Explorer, and on the website, can be among a
number of a "normal" sites found the home page, visitors communicate in chat rooms. Thus, the domain expresses a
unique address (land) on which can be built a website (construction) and so on. So even the terminology is evidently
acquired from the real estate.
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From the terminological point of view, it is the transposition of real estates‟ terms to new space – virtual internet
economy where standard terms take new meanings. When comparing the characteristics of domain names with real
assets (Koomen, E. Buurman, J., 2002) considering the domain names as standard economic goods.The approaches of the
schools of economic thought to the theory of value and price, as one of the fundamental challenges of market
functioning in the last hundred years, converge to a current opinion that the value is not an objective property of an
asset, more f.i. Schumpeter, Sojka, Holman, Breakers. (Schumpeter, 2006) (Holman, 1999) (Sojka, 2000) (Becker, G.S.
Becker, G.N., 1997) At present, the economic theories connect the value creation almost exclusively in the context of the
benefits. This is called a hedonistic approach (the opposite of the concept of embedded factors of production - land,
labor, capital, knowledge). The benefit is understood as the ability of assets to meet human needs, wants and desires. An
insufficiency is a relative factor of demand stimulation. The mere desire does not to satisfy the benefit because it is
subject to effective purchasing power, i.e. the ability of market participants for goods or services pay a cash equivalent -
price. The concept of value and price in the valuation is discussed in detail by Krabec and Sabolovič (Sabolovič, 2009),
(Sabolovič, 2010). No meter how virtual is the internet economy, e-economy, internet ecosystem, e-commerce etc. the
fundamental factor of production is still a land, so far so good. Nothing changed in the past decades. Available quantity
of production factor is limited, therefore economic theory based on assumptions that the rent obtained for the granting
of a production factor land will never be zero (Sabolovič, 2009) (Sabolovič, 2010). This assumption is implicitly adopted
in current valuation standards (e.g. IVS, EVS, BVS, etc.) in which is the basic approach to valuation income approach.
Thus, benefits expressed by future positive cash flows. In economic theory, it fulfills the characteristics of hedonic
pricing. This assumption implicitly envisages zero transaction costs. After the domain name expires it does not mean
physical liquidation. The domain is not “parked” but still exists and can be again re-registered by the former or new
owner, but even in this case may be liquidating value is negative.
III. Domain Names Trends
The first quarter of 2016 closed with a base of approximately 326.4 million domain name registrations across all top-
level domains (TLDs), an increase of approximately 12 million domain names, or 3.8 percent over the fourth quarter of
2015. Registrations have grown by 32.4 million, or 11 percent, year over year. The .com and .net TLDs experienced
aggregate growth, reaching a combined approximately 142.5 million domain names in the domain name base2 in the
firsts quarter of 2016. This represents a 7.1 percent increase year over year. As of March 31, 2016, the base of registered
names in .com equaled 126.6 million names, while .net equaled 15.9 million names. New .com and .net registrations
totaled 10 million during the first quarter of 2016. In the first quarter of 2015, new .com and .net registrations totaled 8.7
million, see Figure 1. (Verisign, 2016) The average sale price for the top 10 .com domain names reported by DN Journal
as sold in the aftermarket in Q1 2016 is $315,800. (Verisign, 2016) The growth of .com and .net domain names redirecting
to popular global social media and e-commerce sites compared to Q1 2015 is AMAZON.COM25%, ETSY30%,
FACEBOOK27%, LINKEDIN35%, TWITTER23%, and WEIBO49%. (Verisign, 2016)
New .com and .net registrations totaled 10 million during thefirst quarter of 2016. In the first quarter of 2015, new
.com and .net registrations totaled 8.7 million. (Verisign, 2016)
Figure 1: Top 10 Largest TLDs Zone Size 2016
Source: (Verisign, 2016)
The largest TLDs in order by zone size were .com, .tk, .cn, .de, .net, .org, .uk, .ru, .nl and .info.otal ccTLD
registrations were approximately 148.2 million in the first quarter of 2016, with an increase of 3.8 million domain names,
or a 2.6 percent increase compared to the fourth quarter of 2015. ccTLD registrations increased by approximately 11.3
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million, or 8.2 percent, year over year. Without including .tk, ccTLD quarter-over-quarter growth was 3.3 percent and
year-over-year growth was 10.4 percent. The top 10 ccTLDs, as of March 31, 2016, were .tk (Tokelau), .cn (China), .de
(Germany), .uk (United Kingdom), .ru (Russian Federation), .nl (Netherlands), .eu (European Union), .br (Brazil), .au
(Australia) and .fr (France).As of March 31, 2016, there were 291 global ccTLD extensions delegated in the root,
including Internationalized Domain Names (IDN), with the top 10 ccTLDs composing 67.4 percent of all ccTLD
registrations. (Verisign, 2016)
Here are the top 10 trending keywords in .com and .net domain names registrations for the first quarter of 2016, see
Figure 2. (Verisign, 2016)
Figure 2: Top 10 Trending Keywords in .Com and . Net Q1 2016
Source: (Verisign, 2016)
As of March 31, 2016, new gTLD (ngTLD) registrations totaled 16.1 million, which represents 4.9 percent of total
domain name registrations. The top 10 ngTLDs represented 54.8 percent of all ngTLD domain names registrations. The
following charts show ngTLD domain name registrations as a percentage of overall TLD domain name registrations,
and also the top 10 ngTLDs as a percentage of all ngTLD domain name registrations for the first quarter of 2016, see
Figure 3. (Verisign, 2016)
Figure 3: New gTLDs as Percentage of Total TLDs 2016
Source: (Verisign, 2016)
Among the delegated ngTLDs that have a geographical focus, 36 have had more than 1,000 registrations since
entering general availability (GA), as of the end of the first quarter of 2016. The next graph below summarizes the
registrations as of March 31, 2016, for these geographical ngTLDs and the respective ccTLDs within the same geographic
region.
Figure 4: Geographical New gTLDs as Percentage of Total Comparable Geographical gTLDs 2016
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Source: (Verisign, 2016)
In addition, the second graph highlights the top 10 geographical ngTLDs as a percentage of the total geographical
ngTLD registrations, see Among the delegated ngTLDs that have a geographical focus, 36 have had more than 1,000
registrations since entering general availability (GA), as of the end of the first quarter of 2016. The next graph below
summarizes the registrations as of March 31, 2016, for these geographical ngTLDs and the respective ccTLDs within the
same geographic region.
Figure 4. (Verisign, 2016)
IV. Material and Methods
The valuation model is based upon the Hedonic Regression approach. This theory is based on revealed preferences.
Principles of this approach are decomposition of researched phenomena into particular characteristics and looking for
its contributory value to the whole. Hedonic Regression identifies the value with anticipated particular benefits resulting
from the core business. Equation 1 expresses the general relation of value creation. It expresses the basic principles of the
valuation, see Equation 1
𝑉 = 𝑓 𝑈𝑛 ,
Equation 1
where V is the value of business, Unare benefits.
We suppose anticipated profits can be from present and future business activities. In that case, Equation 1 expresses
all three basic valuation approaches – Income Approach, Relative Approach, and Assets-Based Approach. In our study,
we focus on the Income Approach.
For modeling, the value of domain names on particular value drivers was created standard multiple linear
regression model. For the one of the pioneering analysis in domain names market is according to statistical principles
conclusive to lean considerations on the cleat model having regard to the principle “mess in, mess out” (Damodaran
Online, 2015). The model is expressed by Equation 2:
𝑦 = 𝛽0 + 𝛽1 𝑥1 + 𝛽2 𝑥2 + ⋯ 𝛽𝑘 𝑥 𝑘 + 𝜀,
Equation 2
where y is the independent variable, is the y-intercept of the line, it determines the contribution of the independent
variable, is the random component, are independent variables.
The sample of domain names values consists of prices of a sold domain at various marketplaces. The number of
units covers apex 17K in time series 2003 until 2013. The sample was purchased from the database of DN Journal – The
Domain Industry News Magazine. Full database was published for the research purposes by Sabolovic ( (Sabolovic(b),
2016) (Sabolovic(c), 2016) (Sabolovic(d), 2016) (Sabolovic(e), 2016) (Sabolovic(f), 2016) (Sabolovic(g), 2016) (Sabolovic(h),
2016) (Sabolovic(i), 2016) (Sabolovic(j), 2016).
The examined value drivers of domain names expressed by their attribute in the examined sample are prices, the
word/term, TLD, original currency, realized price, date, marketplace, group, 3Let, Geo, and Meanings.
The variable Value is expressed by the realized price of the domain sold on the secondary market. The word/term
expresses the second most important part of the domain – he body of a domain. According to the characteristics as the
number of characters and meaning it the price determined. TLD or cc TLD – county code top-level domain expresses the
domain of highest order. According to this first level domains is the value of the domain name set predominantly. The
highest pricing domain is .com. The original currency of sold domain shows the distribution of domain name markets
around the World. The statistics proved that the biggest market id in US dollars. Realized price shows domain prices
recalculated to US dollars. The variable date shows the date of realization of the deal. Variable marketplace allocates
particular sold domains at particular marketplaces. Namely to companies deal with internet auctions of domain names
and online selling. It is easy to recognize that the most valuable domain names are sold and resold at only a few
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marketplaces what can be described as the most effective. The variable group covers the information of what type of
TLD is in a particular domain name. Three types of the domain name can be recognized – the primary ccTLD, generic
gTLD, and infrastructure TLD. Variable 3Let brings the information about the number of characteristics in the body of
string/name of the domain name. The most valuable domains are very short, just only with three letters. Variable geo
brings information about the country of domain name owners registration. The Last variable meanings tell as is the
body of the domain name has some meaning in any language. The most successful domain names are short, easy and
with the domain name meaning close to the business activities of the owner.
As a crucial variable from the sample were chosen Word/Term, TLS and Market Place. After adding the real
variables in Equation 2 is the model articulated in Equation 3:
𝑉 = 𝛽0 + 𝛽1 𝐸1 + 𝛽2 𝐸2 + 𝛽2 𝐸3
Equation 3
where V is value of domain name expressed by its price, E1 ist he World/Term of domain name, E2 is TLD – Top
Level Domain, and E3 is market were domain name was sold.
Hypothesis test is set up as:
𝐻0:= 𝛽1 = 𝛽2 = ⋯ = 𝛽𝑘 = 0
𝐻1:= 𝐴𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝛽𝑖 ≠ 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑘
𝐻0: Model explains value the value of domain name.
𝐻1: Model does not explain the value of domain name.
V. Results
Cross-sectional study as observational approach is applied. For test the model the standard statistical tools as
Pearson‟s correlation coefficient, intercepts of E1,E2,andE3,residuals, estimate stc. error t value Pr(>|t|), signif. Codes,
residual standard error, degrees of freedom, multiple R-squared, adjusted R-squared, F-statistic, p-value, and confidence
interval. Graphical analysis is applied as parameter estimates and overall model fit, plots of residuals, normal quantiles,
leverage, and confidence intervals for parameters. For presenting the results was chosen analysis in year 2013, see Chart
1-3. For processing was used standard R language statistical packages.
Coefficients:
(Intercept) E1 E2 E3
283.16858 0.07216 2.76467 3.04319
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-1622.8 -288.1 -288.1 401.1 1781.2
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.832e+02 7.217e+00 39.24 <2e-16 ***
E1 7.216e-02 1.446e-03 49.92 <2e-16 ***
E2 2.765e+00 1.984e-01 13.93 <2e-16 ***
E3 3.043e+00 1.363e-01 22.32 <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 „***‟ 0.001 „**‟ 0.01 „*‟ 0.05 „.‟ 0.1 „ ‟ 1
Residual standard error: 592.2 on 16944 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.2881, Adjusted R-squared: 0.288
F-statistic: 2286 on 3 and 16944 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
Confidence interval, level 0.95:
2.5 % 97.5 %
(Intercept) 269.02302992 297.31413271
E1 0.06932608 0.07499314
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E2 2.37569801 3.15364209
E3 2.77599681 3.31038976
Chart 1: QQ 2013
Chart 2: Scale Location 2013
Chart 3: Residuals vs Fitted 2013
VI. CONCLUSION
The theoretical construction of the domain name market was accomplished and progression and changes of
domain names during the short run period came up with significant change. It can be explored the trend lines and value
drivers what constitutes the valuable domain name. What makes the domain name market different from other
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economic goods‟ markets is its formation. The domain name market is artificially created in artificial virtual space.
Domain names exist only like the entry in the computer's memory not physically. From this follows that domain names
market was from the very beginning absolutely under the control. As the original ideas of non-profit TLDs looked
exhausted, the market was liberalized in 2012 and the question is if it started to be market-based. That is the challenge
for future research, it also rapidly influenced the supply of gTLDs, and thereby the domain names of the higher level.
The entropy of the system is increasing but it caused degradation of energy. The system is less organized and less
manageable. This is the pure connection between thermodynamics and liberalization of domain names market. The
system becomes harder to handle and it is about testing on models whether the invisible hand of the market caused to
push the markets to the growth.
Value drivers of domain names, were domain name as an economic good is connected bat the subject of the word
on the business activity of the owner and the better is the general economic environment, in this case the stocks growth
and business performance growth of the mobile phone industry, the higher is the value of the domain. The performance
of the .mobi domain name outperformed all previous analyzed one including stock market indeed NASDAQ 100,
Google stock, and Ad revenues. On the other hand, .de can express the high quality and standard what has consumers
connected with Germany and suppose that services connected with Germany will be similar. It is about the psychology
and expectations. The next is the connection of the .de as an economic good on Germany as the biggest European
economy and the fourth the World economy.The index expresses the decrease of interest of domains after the crisis
overcoming. Probably, the economic performance of Germany after the crisis does not make the cause take into account
business performance of Germany and the quality of services as value drivers.
A chosen system of launching explains the poor performance at the beginning of the analyzed period. After the full
opening .eu for the permitted subject the rocket growth was performed, similar to a .biz domain. That growth, however,
was not managed by the market powers but via a big number of administrative subjects and residents in EU with the
huge expectation from this first European TLD, the non-market forces. TLD. After the crisis falls down the performance
became still positive and on the same level as Ad revenues. Liberalization of the domain name market opens the market
supply and demand and the performance drop down for the three months in 2012. It was caused by uncertainty in
expectations of the market reactions on new gTLD. Subsequent development had shown that in .eu is huge growth
potential.In corporate finance are considered as mature companies the big economic subjects according to capital,
investment, employees, international activities, and namely with continual stable growth approaching GDP growth.
This can be used as a parabola for the explanation of the domain evolvement. What makes .co.uk different to others
ccTLDs is the growth in 2012. Another domain, except .biz, fell down during the liberalization in 2012. The supply of
the new gTLDs increased rapidly and the reaction of the market is the price downgrade. But the technical structure of
registration of .co.uk domain names was not directly affected by this rules‟ changes and become further stable and that
was the reason for the growth. Unfortunately, the data for analyzing the changes in .uk domain names in 2004 are not
available and it is not possible to verify the “stable” hypothesis.
In graphical analysis can be identified two melting pot in period 2006 till 2014. Firstly is evident the impact of
economic crisis on the domain name values. All analyzed domains were impacted. The difference is only in the strength
and impact of delays. The second turmoil is much less readable. The center of gravity of the average domain name
slightly increased in 2012 in comparison to 2008. But the volatility decreased thus the riskiness dropped. On the market
appears new players who as .mobi and .info who had rapid growth pushed by a purely commercial market mechanism.
Old players founded on the former ideas of the internet intended for nonprofit usage with a big institutional
background but without proper market management and capital investments look stuck at the moment. It seems clear
from the analysis that liberalization of the internet in 2012 sweep out the outliers and the invisible hand of the market
tends to market equilibrium. This statement, for sure, needs a future analysis.
According to statistical analysis, the hypothesis H0 was rejected. Thus, a model does not efficiently explain the
value of domain names. Theoretical review, on the other hand, explains many other hens financial and findings of
theoretical and quantitative analysis induce a plenty of questions for future research. One of the huge challenges is to
adjust the methodology of real options according to domain names‟ market characteristics. Internet ecosystem
development directly calls for interdisciplinary research using application of second law of thermodynamics. The
“standard” research question is the measurement of domain name dependence in overall economic growth, industry
movements, and geographical locations. Never ending story is looking for value drivers‟ domain names. Every new day
can be constructed a new value driver in the internet ecosystem and the challenge is to find the relationship and describe
it properly on a quantitative basis.
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