This document summarizes a study that examined the effect of financial performance on the stock price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk from 2011-2018. Financial performance was measured using current ratio, earnings per share, and return on equity. The study found that these financial performance variables together had a significant influence on stock price. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk should increase current ratio, earnings per share, and return on equity to generate higher stock prices. Further research on other consumer goods companies is also recommended.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the effect of earnings per share (EPS), net profit margin (NPM), and debt to equity ratio (DER) on return on assets (ROA) of companies listed on the LQ45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2014-2018. The study used quantitative methods including multiple linear regression to determine the relationships. The results found that EPS and NPM had a positive and significant effect on ROA, while DER had a negative and insignificant effect. Together the independent variables explained 99.34% of the variation in ROA.
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to predict financial distress in manufacturing sectors in Indonesia using financial ratios. The researchers used logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between profitability ratios, leverage ratios, and the likelihood of financial distress. The results showed that both profitability ratios and leverage ratios had a significant positive effect on predicting financial difficulties. Specifically, declining profitability and increasing debt levels were indicators that a manufacturing company may experience financial distress.
This document discusses a study conducted at PT ABC to increase the production capacity of its rack steering line using Lean Six Sigma methodology. PT ABC was facing increasing customer demand but its normal daily production capacity of 744 units was insufficient, requiring overtime. The researchers applied the DMAIC process and identified opportunities to reduce cycle times through minimizing waste. They determined the longest process times were on machines OP-10, OP-20, OP-30 and OP-90. Improvements such as optimizing machine programs, replacing over-specified machines with more appropriate ones, improving tools, and modifying jig positions reduced cycle times from 1.1 minutes to 1 minute. This increased daily capacity to 818 units and reduced overtime costs.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines factors influencing voluntary auditor changes in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018. The paper studies how audit opinion, auditor firm size, management changes, financial distress, and company growth may impact an organization's decision to change auditors. The researchers conducted a quantitative study of 64 companies using secondary data and statistical analysis to determine the effects of these factors. The results found that audit opinion, management changes, financial distress, and company growth did not significantly influence auditor turnover, but auditor firm size did have a significant positive impact on companies changing auditors.
This document analyzes the performance of Chinese listed companies before and after seasoned equity offerings. It examines four companies that conducted large private placements in 2012. Two companies, Guangdong Electric Power Development and Shanghai Tunnel Engineering, showed improved performance after the offering, indicating the funds were used efficiently. However, Henan Shuanghui Investment & Development and Hainan Airlines saw declining performance, likely due to inefficient use of funds and unhealthy financial structures. The analysis suggests that not all equity offerings benefit companies and investors, and listed firms should ensure capital is utilized effectively.
This document analyzes the operation mode of Capitaland's Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in Singapore and discusses implications for China's real estate industry. It finds that Capitaland uses a "dual-fund" model where private equity funds incubate early-stage projects that are later injected into REITs for stable income and asset realization. Key characteristics include covering the entire industry chain from development to asset management, and pairing private funds and REITs to accelerate investment cycles. When applying this model in China, adjustments should be made for differences in economic/cultural environment, and rental housing REITs could serve as pilots given China's current conditions.
This document summarizes a research article that examines factors affecting going concern audit opinions. The study analyzed 141 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012-2014. The results of the logistic regression analysis found that audit quality, company size, and managerial ownership affected the likelihood of a going concern audit opinion. However, the previous year's audit opinion, institutional ownership, growth, debt default, opinion shopping, bankruptcy prediction, audit committee activity, and audit committee membership did not affect the likelihood of a going concern audit opinion. The purpose of the study was to determine what factors influence the issuance of a going concern audit opinion for manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the effect of earnings per share (EPS), net profit margin (NPM), and debt to equity ratio (DER) on return on assets (ROA) of companies listed on the LQ45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2014-2018. The study used quantitative methods including multiple linear regression to determine the relationships. The results found that EPS and NPM had a positive and significant effect on ROA, while DER had a negative and insignificant effect. Together the independent variables explained 99.34% of the variation in ROA.
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to predict financial distress in manufacturing sectors in Indonesia using financial ratios. The researchers used logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between profitability ratios, leverage ratios, and the likelihood of financial distress. The results showed that both profitability ratios and leverage ratios had a significant positive effect on predicting financial difficulties. Specifically, declining profitability and increasing debt levels were indicators that a manufacturing company may experience financial distress.
This document discusses a study conducted at PT ABC to increase the production capacity of its rack steering line using Lean Six Sigma methodology. PT ABC was facing increasing customer demand but its normal daily production capacity of 744 units was insufficient, requiring overtime. The researchers applied the DMAIC process and identified opportunities to reduce cycle times through minimizing waste. They determined the longest process times were on machines OP-10, OP-20, OP-30 and OP-90. Improvements such as optimizing machine programs, replacing over-specified machines with more appropriate ones, improving tools, and modifying jig positions reduced cycle times from 1.1 minutes to 1 minute. This increased daily capacity to 818 units and reduced overtime costs.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines factors influencing voluntary auditor changes in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018. The paper studies how audit opinion, auditor firm size, management changes, financial distress, and company growth may impact an organization's decision to change auditors. The researchers conducted a quantitative study of 64 companies using secondary data and statistical analysis to determine the effects of these factors. The results found that audit opinion, management changes, financial distress, and company growth did not significantly influence auditor turnover, but auditor firm size did have a significant positive impact on companies changing auditors.
This document analyzes the performance of Chinese listed companies before and after seasoned equity offerings. It examines four companies that conducted large private placements in 2012. Two companies, Guangdong Electric Power Development and Shanghai Tunnel Engineering, showed improved performance after the offering, indicating the funds were used efficiently. However, Henan Shuanghui Investment & Development and Hainan Airlines saw declining performance, likely due to inefficient use of funds and unhealthy financial structures. The analysis suggests that not all equity offerings benefit companies and investors, and listed firms should ensure capital is utilized effectively.
This document analyzes the operation mode of Capitaland's Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in Singapore and discusses implications for China's real estate industry. It finds that Capitaland uses a "dual-fund" model where private equity funds incubate early-stage projects that are later injected into REITs for stable income and asset realization. Key characteristics include covering the entire industry chain from development to asset management, and pairing private funds and REITs to accelerate investment cycles. When applying this model in China, adjustments should be made for differences in economic/cultural environment, and rental housing REITs could serve as pilots given China's current conditions.
This document summarizes a research article that examines factors affecting going concern audit opinions. The study analyzed 141 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012-2014. The results of the logistic regression analysis found that audit quality, company size, and managerial ownership affected the likelihood of a going concern audit opinion. However, the previous year's audit opinion, institutional ownership, growth, debt default, opinion shopping, bankruptcy prediction, audit committee activity, and audit committee membership did not affect the likelihood of a going concern audit opinion. The purpose of the study was to determine what factors influence the issuance of a going concern audit opinion for manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The document discusses the impact of additional regulations on corporate collapses. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of introducing new regulations in response to corporate scandals. While additional regulations may increase accountability and prevent misconduct initially, they also motivate people to find ways around the laws, potentially resulting in more corporate failures. The best solution is a balanced approach combining necessary rules and guiding principles, focusing on ethics over just regulations. Introducing regulations without considering context or consequences is not an effective response.
A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN BMTC WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DIVISIONSIAEME Publication
A financial performance management is essential for every company to know the position of the business in this competitive world which helps them to analyse their strength and weakness. It analyses four years of data. This research study has been done with regards to divisions of BMTC in Bangalore. For the study purpose, secondary data have been collected from the annual report of these divisions for the period of four years starting from 2017-2020. Data has been analysed by applying one-way ANOVA. From the analysis, it has been concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in financial performance of these divisions based on the components like kilometre per litre top up oil, Total Vehicles, average vehicles on road and staff productivity of different zones. The expenses incurred with different zones have been analysed. It has been found from the study BMTC remains in standing Position compared to all other divisions between East, west, north, south and central zones. This also helps us to analyse the revenue and expenditure of the BMTC which gives information about financial health.
AN ANALYSIS OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BMTC, BANGALOREIAEME Publication
The motivation behind this investigation is to dissect the pay and consumption of BMTC by applying basic normal estimation technique. As far as contrasting its exhibition and proficiency for 3years. It analyzes the data found inside an organization's benefit and misfortune account. The examination depended on optional information from records, reports and profile of the Bangalore metropolitan vehicle enterprise. Basic normal strategy is a technique which can be gotten by the normal pace of earnings and consumption things in the fiscal report and can be determined by duplicating the complete of the units essentially by the quantity of getting factors. A goal of the investigation incorporates examining the productivity, perceiving the feeble functional regions and friends' in general monetary exhibition with appropriate idea for a superior adequacy and to defeat from the frail regions dissected in the organization. Transport is viewed as the existence line of the economy of the country. A productive street transport area, specifically, assumes a pivotal part in a district's financial advancement and development. Uniting both organic market sides, street transport area impacts whole range of social and financial exercises of a country. As of now, BMTC is one of the better run transport frameworks in the country.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the effect of fraud pentagon theory on financial statement fraud. The study used fraud score modeling to observe banking companies in Indonesia from 2016-2018. The results found that external pressure and financial stability had a significant effect on financial statement fraud, while audit opinion, audit committee changes, and external audit quality did not. The study aimed to empirically test relationships between several variables derived from fraud pentagon theory, agency theory, and information asymmetry theory on instances of financial statement fraud. Statistical analysis of the companies' financial data supported some but not all of the hypotheses.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS GOVERNING THE MARKET PRICE OF THE SHARES FROM NATIONAL ST...IAEME Publication
Banking systems and financial institutions are integral parts of an economy. Seamless functioning of these sectors is important for an economy to grow. Due to the advent of digital technology, banking and financial services have undergone a massive shift in their mode of operations. New trends are gaining momentum at a fast pace as the customers find it convenient and flexible at the same time. The emergence of financial technology has resulted in the introduction of several technological advancements in the industry. Fintech companies, internet banking and mobile banking are just some examples that mark this shift. The modernization of banking attracted the investors towards banking industry. This paper focuses on the factors governing the market price of the shares in Banking Sector of Companies such as Axis Bank, CUB, Federal Bank, HDFC, ICICI, IndusInd, Karnataka Bank, Kotak, KVB, South Indian Bank. This study has examined the relationship between dependent variables Market Price Per Share (MPS) and independent variables (Dividend Per Share (DPS), Earning per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA).The study was conducted based on secondary data and the researchers concluded that, there is a significant influence of foresaid factors on the market price of the shares.
Mergers and Acquisitions in Indian Banking Sector A Case of Bharat Overseas B...ijtsrd
Mergers and Acquisitions MandAs continue to be a significant force in the restructuring of the financial services industry. The Indian Commercial Banking Sector, which has played a pivotal role in the country’s economic development, is currently passing through an exciting and challenging phase. The present research papers studies the impact of MandA on the financial performance of Bharat Overseas Bank and Indian Overseas Bank. The study uses key financial ratios to find the impact of MandA on financial performance of selected banks. Dr. Soniya Gambhir "Mergers and Acquisitions in Indian Banking Sector (A Case of Bharat Overseas Bank and Indian Overseas Bank)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38415.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/38415/mergers-and-acquisitions-in-indian-banking-sector-a-case-of-bharat-overseas-bank-and-indian-overseas-bank/dr-soniya-gambhir
This document summarizes a research study that analyzed the financial performance and investment opportunities of dividend policy in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012-2017. Specifically, it examined the relationship between debt-to-equity ratio (DER), total asset turn over (TATO), and investment opportunity set (IOS) on dividend payout ratio (DPR), with return on equity (ROE) as a moderating variable. The study developed hypotheses about the expected relationships between the variables based on prior literature. It presented the theoretical framework and described the research methodology to be a quantitative analysis of secondary data from 17 companies using moderated regression analysis.
The difficulty in getting the right type of finance at the right time and in the right quantity continues to haunt the small entrepreneurs and still ranks first among the major problems faced by the small sector. This being the situation, it has become relevant to conduct a study aimed at evaluating. the role and performance of the SFCs. A detailed study on the role of the KFC in the industrialisation of Kerala is highly worthwhile especially in the period of global recession. . Various provisions of the SFCs Act enjoin on the KFC to undertake the stupendous task of industrial development in the State concerned by providing long-term credit to the MSME segment. The study based on secondary data. Secondary data were collected from various official records and reports. The KFC still functions as a Government undertaking. The majority of its shares in value are held by the Government of Kerala (97.06 per cent). Its capital structure consists of both own capital and borrowed capital. It gives more weightage to debt capital. Capital to Risk - weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) was at 21.57 % during the year 2013-14, as against the minimum of 9% prescribed. , Corporation could make significant improvement in its performance in all major operational areas, viz, Sanction, (AAG 44.51)Disbursement(AAG38.16) and Recovery(AAG12.22). Schemes of financial assistance of the Corporation cover a series of activities ranging from manufacture to marketing of goods and services. Regarding the trend of loan operations, the role of the KFC in the process of industrialisation is found to be increasing year by year as the total amount disbursed
The primary function of financial institution’s to lend funds as loans to various sectors such as agriculture, industry, personal loans, housing loans etc., in recent times the institutions have become very cautious in extending loans. The reason being mounting non-performing assets (NPAs). An NPA is defined as a loan asset, which has ceased to generate any income for a bank whether in the form of interest or principal repayment. In order to study the menace of NPA, Kerala Financial Corporation (KFC) the premier institution which provides long term finance for industrial enterprises and assistance to the sick units for the rehabilitation purpose has been selected. NPA is a serious problem faced by KFC. Non- performance in a loan asset is the bane of the financial institutions in India. It is the universal problem and can cripple the economy of any nation. Mounting non-performing assets in a banking sector was the main reason for the financial crisis in the South East Asian countries. The Net NPA of KFC as per the records shows a declining trend. There is a tendency among the beneficiaries of the corporation to delay repayment of the loans and some percentage of these payments also turns into bad debts. The NPA and loans and advances are negatively correlated. It shows that while the amount of loan increases over the years, NPA shows a declining trend. The total amount of loan increased year by year, because corporation introduces variety of new loan schemes.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of entrepreneurial competences on the success of paint manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study hypothesized that three facets of entrepreneurial competence (strategic competence, operational competence, and learning competence) influence enterprise success. Data was collected through surveys of managers at 20 paint manufacturing firms and analyzed using statistical software. Results suggested that all three components of entrepreneurial competence positively impact enterprise success, with operational competence being the most important predictor of success. The study concluded that enterprise managers should focus on developing strategic, operational, and learning competences to enhance their business success.
Financial analysis of “corporation bank” with special reference to coimbatore...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the financial performance of Corporation Bank with reference to Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu from 2009-2013. It begins with an abstract stating that financial analysis provides insight into an organization's present and past performance.
The objectives of the study are outlined as: 1) To understand the profile and products/services of Corporation Bank 2) To identify the bank's financial strengths and weaknesses 3) To estimate future earnings using trend analysis.
Ratio analysis and trend analysis are used to analyze the bank's liquidity, profitability, and efficiency over the 5-year period. Key ratios examined include debt-equity ratio and current ratio. The analysis finds that debt-equity ratio decreased from 2009-2013,
The document provides an overview of the telecommunications industry in India. It discusses the evolution of the industry from a state-run monopoly to a liberalized sector with private participation. Key points include:
- India has the second largest telecommunications network in the world, with over 895 million connections as of December 2015.
- The industry has grown rapidly since the 1990s after economic liberalization opened the sector to private companies.
- Telecom has become a major driver of India's economic growth and development, contributing over 2% to GDP.
This document discusses using an open access system with internet and communication technologies (ITC) to improve foreign investment in Indonesia. A survey found that 93% of foreign investment companies supported using an ITC-based system to file investment documents online, and 86% found it effective. The document argues that implementing an open ITC system can increase transparency, reduce opportunities for illegal fees, and make it easier for foreign companies to invest in Indonesia by streamlining the process online.
The Effect of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from ...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Islamic Rural Bank (IRB) Bumi Rinjani Kepanjen is a financial institution that has Sharia
principles in carrying out its activities conventionally. In improving the development of financial institutions, it
is necessary to assess the company's financial performance. Thus, researchers want to know how the financial
performance of IRB Bumi Rinjani Kepanjen during the 2016-2020 period.
The document discusses fundamental analysis for evaluating stocks. It begins by defining fundamental analysis and its two main types: economic, industry, and company analysis. It then provides more details on each type of analysis. For economic analysis, it discusses important macroeconomic factors to examine like GDP, inflation, interest rates, etc. For industry analysis, it covers analyzing the industry life cycle and competitive landscape. For company analysis, it states the importance of examining the company's financial statements and resources. The overall document serves as an introduction to conducting fundamental analysis for stock evaluation.
This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
The document discusses tax policy and incentives for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, using Vietnam as a case study. It begins by classifying different types of tax incentives and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. It then analyzes data on tax incentives adopted in 107 developing countries, finding that tax holidays and preferential tax rates are most common. While incentives can positively impact FDI inflows, they often result in significant lost tax revenue. The document concludes by detailing Vietnam's corporate income tax rates and incentives, which are generally competitive but may not be optimally efficient.
EFFECT OF COMPANY SIZE, PROFITABILITY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM VALUE IN ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Rated companies are certain conditions that have achieved by a company as an illustration of
public trust in the company after going through a process of activities for several years, from the time the
company was founded until now. Firm value is often associated with stock prices. The highest share price makes
the value of the company will also be high. This study aims to examine the effect of company size, profitability,
and capital structure on Firm value. This research was conducted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in
year 2019. The number of samples used in the study were413 companies, which were taken using a purposive
sampling method with several predetermined criteria. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear
regression. The results of this study indicate that company size, profitability, and capital structure have a
significant effect on Firm value. Partially, company size and profitability have a positive and significant effect
on firm value with a significance value of 0.00 each. While the capital structure does not affect the value of the
company indicated by the significance value of 0.54.
Effect of Ownership Structure Factor of Fundamental and Technical Analysis of...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study to analyze Pen garuh Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value, to analyze Pen garuh Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value, to the analysis of the effect of clicking Ownership Structure of the value of the Company, as well as to analyze the influence of Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value. The research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a population of 60 companies covering several sectors: chemical and basic industry sector, industry Various sectors consumer goods and industrial sectors. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Model using AMOS assistance 18. The study found that the ownership structure is not significant effect on stock returns. fundamental factors not significant effect on stock returns. Technical analysis of positive and significant effect on stock returns. the ownership structure and significant positive effect on firm value. fundamentals, positive and significant effect on firm value. Technical analysis of positive and significant effect on firm value. stock returns and significant positive effect on firm value.
The document discusses the impact of additional regulations on corporate collapses. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of introducing new regulations in response to corporate scandals. While additional regulations may increase accountability and prevent misconduct initially, they also motivate people to find ways around the laws, potentially resulting in more corporate failures. The best solution is a balanced approach combining necessary rules and guiding principles, focusing on ethics over just regulations. Introducing regulations without considering context or consequences is not an effective response.
A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT IN BMTC WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DIVISIONSIAEME Publication
A financial performance management is essential for every company to know the position of the business in this competitive world which helps them to analyse their strength and weakness. It analyses four years of data. This research study has been done with regards to divisions of BMTC in Bangalore. For the study purpose, secondary data have been collected from the annual report of these divisions for the period of four years starting from 2017-2020. Data has been analysed by applying one-way ANOVA. From the analysis, it has been concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in financial performance of these divisions based on the components like kilometre per litre top up oil, Total Vehicles, average vehicles on road and staff productivity of different zones. The expenses incurred with different zones have been analysed. It has been found from the study BMTC remains in standing Position compared to all other divisions between East, west, north, south and central zones. This also helps us to analyse the revenue and expenditure of the BMTC which gives information about financial health.
AN ANALYSIS OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BMTC, BANGALOREIAEME Publication
The motivation behind this investigation is to dissect the pay and consumption of BMTC by applying basic normal estimation technique. As far as contrasting its exhibition and proficiency for 3years. It analyzes the data found inside an organization's benefit and misfortune account. The examination depended on optional information from records, reports and profile of the Bangalore metropolitan vehicle enterprise. Basic normal strategy is a technique which can be gotten by the normal pace of earnings and consumption things in the fiscal report and can be determined by duplicating the complete of the units essentially by the quantity of getting factors. A goal of the investigation incorporates examining the productivity, perceiving the feeble functional regions and friends' in general monetary exhibition with appropriate idea for a superior adequacy and to defeat from the frail regions dissected in the organization. Transport is viewed as the existence line of the economy of the country. A productive street transport area, specifically, assumes a pivotal part in a district's financial advancement and development. Uniting both organic market sides, street transport area impacts whole range of social and financial exercises of a country. As of now, BMTC is one of the better run transport frameworks in the country.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the effect of fraud pentagon theory on financial statement fraud. The study used fraud score modeling to observe banking companies in Indonesia from 2016-2018. The results found that external pressure and financial stability had a significant effect on financial statement fraud, while audit opinion, audit committee changes, and external audit quality did not. The study aimed to empirically test relationships between several variables derived from fraud pentagon theory, agency theory, and information asymmetry theory on instances of financial statement fraud. Statistical analysis of the companies' financial data supported some but not all of the hypotheses.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS GOVERNING THE MARKET PRICE OF THE SHARES FROM NATIONAL ST...IAEME Publication
Banking systems and financial institutions are integral parts of an economy. Seamless functioning of these sectors is important for an economy to grow. Due to the advent of digital technology, banking and financial services have undergone a massive shift in their mode of operations. New trends are gaining momentum at a fast pace as the customers find it convenient and flexible at the same time. The emergence of financial technology has resulted in the introduction of several technological advancements in the industry. Fintech companies, internet banking and mobile banking are just some examples that mark this shift. The modernization of banking attracted the investors towards banking industry. This paper focuses on the factors governing the market price of the shares in Banking Sector of Companies such as Axis Bank, CUB, Federal Bank, HDFC, ICICI, IndusInd, Karnataka Bank, Kotak, KVB, South Indian Bank. This study has examined the relationship between dependent variables Market Price Per Share (MPS) and independent variables (Dividend Per Share (DPS), Earning per Share (EPS), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA).The study was conducted based on secondary data and the researchers concluded that, there is a significant influence of foresaid factors on the market price of the shares.
Mergers and Acquisitions in Indian Banking Sector A Case of Bharat Overseas B...ijtsrd
Mergers and Acquisitions MandAs continue to be a significant force in the restructuring of the financial services industry. The Indian Commercial Banking Sector, which has played a pivotal role in the country’s economic development, is currently passing through an exciting and challenging phase. The present research papers studies the impact of MandA on the financial performance of Bharat Overseas Bank and Indian Overseas Bank. The study uses key financial ratios to find the impact of MandA on financial performance of selected banks. Dr. Soniya Gambhir "Mergers and Acquisitions in Indian Banking Sector (A Case of Bharat Overseas Bank and Indian Overseas Bank)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38415.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/38415/mergers-and-acquisitions-in-indian-banking-sector-a-case-of-bharat-overseas-bank-and-indian-overseas-bank/dr-soniya-gambhir
This document summarizes a research study that analyzed the financial performance and investment opportunities of dividend policy in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012-2017. Specifically, it examined the relationship between debt-to-equity ratio (DER), total asset turn over (TATO), and investment opportunity set (IOS) on dividend payout ratio (DPR), with return on equity (ROE) as a moderating variable. The study developed hypotheses about the expected relationships between the variables based on prior literature. It presented the theoretical framework and described the research methodology to be a quantitative analysis of secondary data from 17 companies using moderated regression analysis.
The difficulty in getting the right type of finance at the right time and in the right quantity continues to haunt the small entrepreneurs and still ranks first among the major problems faced by the small sector. This being the situation, it has become relevant to conduct a study aimed at evaluating. the role and performance of the SFCs. A detailed study on the role of the KFC in the industrialisation of Kerala is highly worthwhile especially in the period of global recession. . Various provisions of the SFCs Act enjoin on the KFC to undertake the stupendous task of industrial development in the State concerned by providing long-term credit to the MSME segment. The study based on secondary data. Secondary data were collected from various official records and reports. The KFC still functions as a Government undertaking. The majority of its shares in value are held by the Government of Kerala (97.06 per cent). Its capital structure consists of both own capital and borrowed capital. It gives more weightage to debt capital. Capital to Risk - weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) was at 21.57 % during the year 2013-14, as against the minimum of 9% prescribed. , Corporation could make significant improvement in its performance in all major operational areas, viz, Sanction, (AAG 44.51)Disbursement(AAG38.16) and Recovery(AAG12.22). Schemes of financial assistance of the Corporation cover a series of activities ranging from manufacture to marketing of goods and services. Regarding the trend of loan operations, the role of the KFC in the process of industrialisation is found to be increasing year by year as the total amount disbursed
The primary function of financial institution’s to lend funds as loans to various sectors such as agriculture, industry, personal loans, housing loans etc., in recent times the institutions have become very cautious in extending loans. The reason being mounting non-performing assets (NPAs). An NPA is defined as a loan asset, which has ceased to generate any income for a bank whether in the form of interest or principal repayment. In order to study the menace of NPA, Kerala Financial Corporation (KFC) the premier institution which provides long term finance for industrial enterprises and assistance to the sick units for the rehabilitation purpose has been selected. NPA is a serious problem faced by KFC. Non- performance in a loan asset is the bane of the financial institutions in India. It is the universal problem and can cripple the economy of any nation. Mounting non-performing assets in a banking sector was the main reason for the financial crisis in the South East Asian countries. The Net NPA of KFC as per the records shows a declining trend. There is a tendency among the beneficiaries of the corporation to delay repayment of the loans and some percentage of these payments also turns into bad debts. The NPA and loans and advances are negatively correlated. It shows that while the amount of loan increases over the years, NPA shows a declining trend. The total amount of loan increased year by year, because corporation introduces variety of new loan schemes.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of entrepreneurial competences on the success of paint manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study hypothesized that three facets of entrepreneurial competence (strategic competence, operational competence, and learning competence) influence enterprise success. Data was collected through surveys of managers at 20 paint manufacturing firms and analyzed using statistical software. Results suggested that all three components of entrepreneurial competence positively impact enterprise success, with operational competence being the most important predictor of success. The study concluded that enterprise managers should focus on developing strategic, operational, and learning competences to enhance their business success.
Financial analysis of “corporation bank” with special reference to coimbatore...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the financial performance of Corporation Bank with reference to Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu from 2009-2013. It begins with an abstract stating that financial analysis provides insight into an organization's present and past performance.
The objectives of the study are outlined as: 1) To understand the profile and products/services of Corporation Bank 2) To identify the bank's financial strengths and weaknesses 3) To estimate future earnings using trend analysis.
Ratio analysis and trend analysis are used to analyze the bank's liquidity, profitability, and efficiency over the 5-year period. Key ratios examined include debt-equity ratio and current ratio. The analysis finds that debt-equity ratio decreased from 2009-2013,
The document provides an overview of the telecommunications industry in India. It discusses the evolution of the industry from a state-run monopoly to a liberalized sector with private participation. Key points include:
- India has the second largest telecommunications network in the world, with over 895 million connections as of December 2015.
- The industry has grown rapidly since the 1990s after economic liberalization opened the sector to private companies.
- Telecom has become a major driver of India's economic growth and development, contributing over 2% to GDP.
This document discusses using an open access system with internet and communication technologies (ITC) to improve foreign investment in Indonesia. A survey found that 93% of foreign investment companies supported using an ITC-based system to file investment documents online, and 86% found it effective. The document argues that implementing an open ITC system can increase transparency, reduce opportunities for illegal fees, and make it easier for foreign companies to invest in Indonesia by streamlining the process online.
The Effect of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from ...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Islamic Rural Bank (IRB) Bumi Rinjani Kepanjen is a financial institution that has Sharia
principles in carrying out its activities conventionally. In improving the development of financial institutions, it
is necessary to assess the company's financial performance. Thus, researchers want to know how the financial
performance of IRB Bumi Rinjani Kepanjen during the 2016-2020 period.
The document discusses fundamental analysis for evaluating stocks. It begins by defining fundamental analysis and its two main types: economic, industry, and company analysis. It then provides more details on each type of analysis. For economic analysis, it discusses important macroeconomic factors to examine like GDP, inflation, interest rates, etc. For industry analysis, it covers analyzing the industry life cycle and competitive landscape. For company analysis, it states the importance of examining the company's financial statements and resources. The overall document serves as an introduction to conducting fundamental analysis for stock evaluation.
This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
The document discusses tax policy and incentives for attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, using Vietnam as a case study. It begins by classifying different types of tax incentives and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. It then analyzes data on tax incentives adopted in 107 developing countries, finding that tax holidays and preferential tax rates are most common. While incentives can positively impact FDI inflows, they often result in significant lost tax revenue. The document concludes by detailing Vietnam's corporate income tax rates and incentives, which are generally competitive but may not be optimally efficient.
EFFECT OF COMPANY SIZE, PROFITABILITY AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM VALUE IN ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Rated companies are certain conditions that have achieved by a company as an illustration of
public trust in the company after going through a process of activities for several years, from the time the
company was founded until now. Firm value is often associated with stock prices. The highest share price makes
the value of the company will also be high. This study aims to examine the effect of company size, profitability,
and capital structure on Firm value. This research was conducted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in
year 2019. The number of samples used in the study were413 companies, which were taken using a purposive
sampling method with several predetermined criteria. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear
regression. The results of this study indicate that company size, profitability, and capital structure have a
significant effect on Firm value. Partially, company size and profitability have a positive and significant effect
on firm value with a significance value of 0.00 each. While the capital structure does not affect the value of the
company indicated by the significance value of 0.54.
Effect of Ownership Structure Factor of Fundamental and Technical Analysis of...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study to analyze Pen garuh Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value, to analyze Pen garuh Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value, to the analysis of the effect of clicking Ownership Structure of the value of the Company, as well as to analyze the influence of Ownership Structure, Fundamentals and Technical Analysis on Stock Return and Value. The research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a population of 60 companies covering several sectors: chemical and basic industry sector, industry Various sectors consumer goods and industrial sectors. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Model using AMOS assistance 18. The study found that the ownership structure is not significant effect on stock returns. fundamental factors not significant effect on stock returns. Technical analysis of positive and significant effect on stock returns. the ownership structure and significant positive effect on firm value. fundamentals, positive and significant effect on firm value. Technical analysis of positive and significant effect on firm value. stock returns and significant positive effect on firm value.
5 effect of investment opportunity set (ios) level of leverage and return to ...Aminullah Assagaf
The document discusses a study analyzing the effect of investment opportunity set (IOS), leverage level, and market return on stock returns of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study uses secondary data from 20 active companies over a 10-year period from 2004 to 2014. Linear regression models are used to analyze the relationships between stock returns and the independent variables of IOS, leverage, and market return. Preliminary results found IOS had a negative effect on stock returns, while leverage and market return had a positive effect. The study aims to further understand how company investment, debt levels, and market conditions impact stock price changes.
This research is a type of quantitative research, to determine the pattern of the relationship between profitability,
macroeconomics, capital structure and company value in manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the
2014-2018 period. The unit of analysis in this study is financial reports, while the population is all manufacturing
companies. of this population,
The Effect of Accounting Information on Abnormal Return of Stock: Assessment ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The study aims to investigate the impacts of accounting information on the stock prices of syariah and conventional stocks using Capital Asset Pricing Model, and examine the capital market reaction as a result of dividend announcement. The accounting information variable used is Avarage Abnormal Return (AAR) as a dependent variable, while Earning per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) are independent variables. The population of the study are all stocks of companies registered in the Indoneisian Stock Exchange in 2014 and 2015 and had undertaken dividend announcement. The study sample is the return measured by 111 days of abnormal return consisting of 11 days of observation period of Window and 100 days of observation period of estimation. The number of samples fulfilling the sampling criteria are 106 different companies which announcement cash dividend comprising 70 syariah companies and 36 conventional companies. The objects have represented all industrial sector listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The study indicates 8 types of stock portfolios, in all stock portfolios it is observable that the value of AAR variable increases after the dividend announcement.
This document analyzes the performance of 10 selected mutual fund schemes in India from 2015-2019 using various measures. It aims to evaluate the risk and return relationship of the funds. Performance is assessed using the Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen's alpha. The Sharpe ratio measures risk-adjusted return, the Treynor ratio is the reward-to-volatility ratio, and Jensen's alpha measures absolute performance against a benchmark. Daily net asset values for the funds and market index closing values are used to calculate these measures. The study finds that most funds failed to outperform the market index based on the ratios analyzed.
Firm Value is a description of the level of triumph of the company that is related with stock prices.
High stock prices will affect the high firm value as well. This study was conducted to examine the effect of
financial performance on firm value with intellectual capital as an intervening variable in manufacturing
companies listed on the BEI in the 2015-2017 period
Paper Romario_International Conference On Finance 2015Romario Justinus
Representative of Trisakti School Of Management for International Conference On Finance, as presenter of my research jounal, Bali 19-20 Dec 2015 (presenting my research journal). I make research on the topic dividend payout ratio and I presented the research as well as questions and answers in the International Conference On Finance, Bali Dec. 19-20, 2015. The conference was attended by researchers and academics in finance from around the world such as William Megginson of Oklahoma University and Roni Michaely of Cornell University, the results is my research has been the international research journal IFMA (The Indonesian Financial Management Association).
IPO underpricing analysis in Indonesia during 2012-2016edwin hutauruk
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE UNDERPRICING OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) SECTOR SERVICES / NON-MANUFACTURING IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE PERIOD 2012-2016
This document analyzes the effect of financial performance on stock prices of raw material producing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2009-2013. It finds that variables like current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and total asset turnover have a simultaneous significant effect on stock prices. However, in partial tests only total asset turnover is found to have an individually significant impact, while the other variables do not. The study uses multiple linear regression analysis on financial data from 7 sample companies to analyze the relationships between these financial metrics and stock price movements.
Analysis of Fundamental Factors, Foreign Exchange and Interest Rate on Stock ...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: This study purpose was to determine the effect of fundamental factors (Long-Term Debt to Equity Ratio, Quick Ratio, Total Assets Turn Over, Return on Equity, Price Earning Ratio) and macroeconomic factors (foreign exchange and interest rate) on stock return at manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2011-2013 periods. This study uses secondary data. Samples are 13 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study results by F test shows that Long-Term Debt to Equity Ratio, Quick Ratio, Total Assets Turn Over, and Return on Equity, Price Earning Ratio, Foreign Exchange and Interest Rates has significant effect on stock returns. T test results show that Long-Term Debt to Equity Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Price Earning Ratio do not have significant effect on stock returns. While Total Asset Turn Over, Return on Equity, Foreign Exchange and Interest Rates have significant effect on stock returns.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
42 asean journal of economics, business and accountin (ijeba) 11 mei 2019Aminullah Assagaf
This study examines factors that affect the earning response coefficient (ERC) of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Specifically, it analyzes how leverage, capital expenditures, and real earnings management activities influence the ERC. The study uses a sample of 20 companies over multiple years, analyzing the data using regression models. The results found that leverage and capital expenditures significantly impact investor response as reflected in stock returns. Higher leverage positively impacts ERC as it can boost earnings per share, while higher capital expenditures negatively impact ERC as such investments may initially reduce liquidity and returns. Real earnings management was found to strengthen the relationship between these factors and ERC.
1) The study examines the effect of return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS) on stock returns, with exchange rates as a moderating variable, using data from 7 Indonesian manufacturing companies listed on the LQ45 index from 2016-2020.
2) Regression analysis found that ROA has a significant positive effect on stock returns, but EPS does not have a significant effect.
3) Exchange rates were found to not significantly moderate the relationship between either ROA or EPS and stock returns.
The document analyzes factors that influence income smoothing practices of miscellaneous industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2009-2013. It finds that company size and dividend payout ratio have a significant impact on income smoothing, while return on assets, debt-to-equity ratio, and financial leverage do not. A discriminant analysis found a significant difference in return on assets between companies that practiced income smoothing and those that did not. The study aims to further investigate factors affecting income smoothing and examines the influence of return on assets, dividend payout ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and financial leverage on the practice.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital and Profitability on Firm ValueAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This research aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital and profitability on firm value
in bank subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2021. The independent
variable, namely intellectual capital, is measured by VAIC™ which is proxied by value added capital employed
(VACA), value added human capital (VAHU), and structural capital value added (STVA), and profitability is
proxied by ROE (return on equity). The dependent variable in this study is firm value as proxied by Tobin's Q.
The data analysis technique used in this study was purposive sampling approach through the SPSS application.
Form the result of research show there is no significant effect between intellectual capital toward firm value and
there is a significant effect between profitability toward firm value.
KEYWORD: Intellectual Capital, VAICTM, VACA, VAHU,STVA, ROE, Tobins’ Q, Signalling Theory
This document appears to be a project report submitted for a Master's degree program. It includes sections on the introduction, objectives, need, scope and methodology of the study. The study focuses on analyzing the banking sector in India through fundamental analysis of three major banks - ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank and Axis Bank. The analysis will cover the past performance and growth of the banking sector and companies over the last five years. Key factors like the economy, industry trends and company financials will be examined to suggest the best stock for investors. The report outlines the structure and limitations of the study.
The document appears to be a project report submitted by a student named G Deepak Shapur for their MBA program. The report focuses on analyzing equity through a study of the banking sector in India. It includes sections on the company profile, theoretical framework, data interpretation and analysis, findings and conclusions. The student conducted the analysis under the guidance of their project guide to fulfill the requirements for their MBA degree.
1) The document examines the influence of external bailouts on macroeconomic stability in Ghana from 2008 to 2021 using time series data and vector error correction modeling.
2) It finds that while external bailouts have no short-term impact, there is a long-term causal relationship between bailouts and macroeconomic stability as well as with foreign direct investment, GDP, and imports.
3) To improve stability, the authors recommend that Ghana reduce reliance on external bailouts, increase foreign reserves, and expand agriculture and industrialization.
- The document discusses a study on increasing brand awareness of Oranger Mobile, which is a courier service partner of PT Pos Indonesia responsible for pickups, deliveries, and direct sales.
- Brand awareness of Oranger is currently low, as the number of Oranger drivers did not meet targets in 2021 and most respondents in a survey were not familiar with the Oranger brand.
- The study uses a mixed-methods approach, collecting both qualitative data to measure brand awareness and quantitative data to analyze factors influencing awareness. The results show advertising, publicity, sponsorship, and word-of-mouth can increase Oranger's brand awareness.
The document summarizes a study on optimizing the stock portfolio of PT XYZ, a state-owned pension fund company in Indonesia. In 2021, PT XYZ's actual stock portfolio performed poorly, with a return of 0.56% and Sharpe ratio of 2.39%, below targets. Using the Markowitz portfolio model and 5 years of stock price data, the study optimized the 2021 portfolio. The optimized portfolio increased the Sharpe ratio to 21.67% and return to 1.62%, outperforming the actual portfolio. An efficient frontier analysis identified multiple portfolio options with different risk-return profiles. The results recommend PT XYZ use the Markowitz method to improve future portfolio performance and evaluation.
The document analyzes the financial performance of 20 health sector companies in Indonesia from 2018-2021 using various financial ratios and DuPont analysis. It finds that hospital companies generally benefited during the pandemic due to increased patient numbers, while pharmaceutical companies saw mixed results depending on retail and distribution impacts. Specifically, the analysis found that one hospital, Metro Healthcare Indonesia, had the highest average return on equity of 0.26 over the period. Other key findings are also presented regarding factors influencing financial performance changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This document discusses a proposed marketing strategy for Hirka, a shoe company that makes shoes from chicken claw skin. Hirka currently markets its products through social media, e-commerce, and word of mouth. However, brand awareness and sales are still low due to a lack of marketing and advertising. The products are also currently only available for men. The study aims to identify the target market and appropriate marketing strategy to increase Hirka's brand awareness and purchase intention. A survey was conducted of 206 respondents to assess their brand recognition of and purchase intention toward Hirka's products. The results showed most respondents were unaware of the Hirka brand and had low purchase intention. Various analyses were used to develop marketing strategies,
1) The document proposes a marketing strategy to enhance customer loyalty for RAM Water, a water processor product experiencing declining sales.
2) It reviews literature on customer loyalty and satisfaction and how the marketing mix (7Ps) can impact satisfaction.
3) An analysis was conducted using SEM-PLS to evaluate the relationships between the 7Ps, customer satisfaction, and loyalty using data from 153 RAM Water users. The results showed the 7Ps significantly impacted satisfaction which significantly impacted loyalty.
This document proposes an integrated luggage storage and transportation scheme. It analyzes the current luggage storage market and compares traditional and new "Internet +" models. The proposed scheme designs functional modules like storage, transportation, tourism services and insurance. It provides solutions for different business scenarios like short/long term storage, inter-station delivery, and tourism services. The goal is to improve resource utilization and provide convenient luggage services for travelers.
- The Ecobiz.id platform was created to help farmers in Indonesia by facilitating knowledge sharing and connecting farmers to buyers. However, the platform still lacks interactivity and network effects due to poor existing content that does not meet user needs.
- This study examines how to motivate stakeholders, especially potential content creators, to actively participate and create valuable, interesting, and relevant content for users. Improving the quality and variety of content is expected to increase interactivity on the platform and provide value to users.
- Interviews and observations of stakeholders and users were conducted to understand their perspectives on existing content and how content could motivate involvement and interaction on the platform. The results will help improve content marketing strategies to better engage users.
This document analyzes strategies to increase brand awareness and intention to use PosAja, an application-based delivery service owned by PT Pos Indonesia. It conducts external and internal analyses, as well as surveys consumers to measure brand awareness and factors influencing intention to use. The survey finds low brand recognition of PosAja. Quantitative analysis shows brand logo and advertisements significantly impact brand awareness, while brand name and promotions do not. Further analysis is needed to identify strategies to improve awareness and drive more customers to use PosAja.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the effect of budgetary participation and internal control on managerial performance, with job relevant information as a moderating variable. The study was conducted at three type C regional general hospitals in Jambi Province, Indonesia that had intermediate accreditation levels. The results showed that budgetary participation and internal control positively affected managerial performance. Job relevant information was found to moderate the relationship between internal control and managerial performance, but did not moderate the relationship between budgetary participation and managerial performance. The document provides background information on the hospitals studied, discusses relevant theories, and outlines the research questions and objectives.
This document analyzes and compares environmentally friendly cryptocurrencies with the highest trading classical cryptocurrencies from July 2019 to April 2022. It finds a statistically significant correlation between the values of eco-friendly and classical cryptocurrencies, suggesting investors apply similar investment approaches to both. It also concludes the demand for eco-friendly cryptocurrencies is increasing as the world moves toward sustainability. The study uses daily closing price data from various sources to analyze 7 eco-friendly and 7 highest value classical cryptocurrencies over 34 months. Descriptive statistics of the data are presented in a table.
This document summarizes the evolution and enlightenment of global financial regulatory systems based on a comparative analysis of systems in the UK, US, and China. It finds that financial regulatory systems generally evolve from mixed/centralized models to separated/institutional models to more integrated approaches. The UK and US systems demonstrate a progression from separation to unification to twin peaks models. China's system has transitioned from the central bank as sole regulator to separated then integrated regulation. Key lessons for China include understanding the role of regulation in promoting development while preventing risks, and adapting international best practices to its national context.
This study analyzed the impact of e-service quality (e-servqual) on customer satisfaction and loyalty at Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI). A survey was conducted with 274 BNI customers who use the mobile banking app. The results of structural equation modeling showed that e-servqual has a significant positive effect on both customer satisfaction and loyalty. Customer satisfaction also has a significant positive effect on loyalty. The study concludes that improving e-servqual can increase customer satisfaction and loyalty for BNI, which is important for the bank's future success.
The document discusses intellectual effort and references. It notes that the brain is just a gateway to the mind, and the mind needs to maintain the brain to concentrate on useful thoughts. It also argues that those who do evil will not get an afterlife, and animals cannot attain infinite spiritual energy or an afterlife. The document concludes that solving problems requires analyzing causes, and that politics and total quality management will become more connected over time. Reform requires having a theory and being a bit of a philosopher.
- Evergrande Group, one of China's largest real estate developers, fell into a major debt crisis with total liabilities reaching 1.97 trillion yuan.
- The crisis was caused by deteriorating cash flow, an overreliance on high-leverage financing, and aggressive diversification into unrelated industries.
- Potential countermeasures discussed include restructuring debt through negotiations, asset sales, and government support to stabilize the real estate market and prevent wider economic impact.
- The document discusses strategies for increasing brand awareness and intention to use Pospay, a digital wallet launched by PT Pos Indonesia.
- Currently, 98.5% of Pospay users are PT Pos Indonesia employees, showing low brand awareness and usage outside the company.
- The study analyzes factors influencing brand awareness and usage intention through a literature review, value proposition canvas analysis, and survey data.
- Results show Pospay can create discounts/cashback and develop new features like inter-wallet transfers to boost awareness and intention to use.
The document proposes an integrated marketing communication strategy for KOST.ON3 Residence through benchmarking against competitors. It analyzes KOST.ON3 Residence's external environment and internal capabilities. The proposed strategy focuses on strengthening advertising using third-party platforms to improve brand awareness and reputation based on insights from an integrated marketing communication analysis and customer journey analysis. Using third-party platforms can help KOST.ON3 Residence expand its customer base by developing greater trust in its brand.
This document proposes marketing strategies to improve the performance of Wifi.id Corner, an internet access service provided by PT Telkom Indonesia. It analyzes Wifi.id Corner's external environment using PESTEL, Porter's Five Forces, and competitor and consumer analyses. An internal analysis uses STP and the 7Ps. SWOT and TOWS matrix analyses identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Based on these, three strategies are proposed: using social media effectively, collaborating with the government and SMEs, and improving Wifi.id Corner's ambience. The goal is to enhance sales by creating purchase intention among consumers.
Datang International is a major Chinese power company that discloses carbon information in its social responsibility reports. The summary analyzes:
1) Datang International's carbon disclosure includes monetary information like environmental fees and subsidies, and non-monetary strategies, measures, and goals.
2) Disclosed strategies commit to green development and increasing clean energy, but some details are lacking.
3) Carbon reduction measures focus on upgrading generator units, developing clean energy, and conserving resources. However, some financial data is not reported.
This document summarizes a research article about the effect of social media marketing and quality of human resources on business development of MSMEs in Maros Regency, Indonesia. The article provides background on the importance of MSMEs to the Indonesian economy. It then reviews literature on topics like the definition of MSMEs, quality of human resources, use of social media marketing, and benefits of social media. The research aims to analyze the effect of social media marketing and quality of human resources on business development of MSMEs in Maros Regency using a quantitative survey method.
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Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.AnnySerafinaLove
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
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Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
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Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024FelixPerez547899
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LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
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I3125156
1. American International Journal of Business Management (AIJBM)
ISSN- 2379-106X, www.aijbm.com Volume 3, Issue 12 (December 2020), PP 51-56
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 51 | Page
The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of
PT. Unilever Indonesia, TBK
Encep Huda Cindarsah
(Management, Perbanas Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia)
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah
ABSTRACT : The study aims to determine the effect of Financial Performance consisting of Current Ratio
(CR), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Return on Equity (ROE) on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
for the 2011 – 2018 periods. The research method used in this research is quantitative methods. The type of data
used in this study is Time Series data during the first quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2018 from PT.
Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as the research sample. The data source used comes from secondary data that has been
published and accessed through the Indonesia Stock Exchange website www.idx.go.id. The data collection
method used in this study was purposive sampling method. The analysis in this study uses multiple linear
regression analysis with the OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method. The result show that simultaneous variables
of financial performance consisting of Current Ratio (CR), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Return on Equity
(ROE) have a significant influence on The Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk for the 2011 – 2018
periods. Based on these results, PT Unilever Indonesia, Tbk need to increase CR, EPS, ROE in order to generate
higher the Stock Price. Furthermore, it is also necessary to carry out further research from other companies in
the consumer good sector that have been listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange.
KEYWORDS – Current Ratio, Earnings Per Share, Financial Performance, Return on Equity, Stock Price
I. INTRODUCTION
The company's financial performance can be measured by using fundamental analysis. Investors can
analyze balance reports, income statements, statement of changes in equity, statement of cash flows and
financial ratio analysis. The results of the ratio analysis are used as a basis for investors in making investment
decisions. Financial statements may use as a tool for performance measurement. Financial statements are the
primary means of communicating financial information both within the firm and outside the firm (Prastuti, D.,
& Setianingrum, P. H., 2019).
Companies that can generate profits every year will have the possibility to increase the demand for
shares owned by the company. If this happens, the company's stock price will indirectly increase higher than
before because of the trust of investors or potential investors in the company.
Investors in predicting stock prices on the Indonesia Stock Exchange use many fundamental and
technical approaches. Somethings that are included in the fundamental aspects of stocks are financial
performance, company industry, including company revenue and sales structure. The stock analysis approach
through a technical approach can also be carried out by investors apart from the fundamental approach (Tarmidi,
D., Pramukty, R., & Akbar, T., 2020).
One of the sectors listed on the capital market on the Indonesia Stock Exchange is consumer goods
industry. The consumer goods industry is a sector that is quite interesting because it produces consumer goods
needed in everyday human life such as the business sector of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk.
PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as a consumer goods sector company that has made an Initial Public
Offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 1982. During the period 2011-2018 PT Unilever Indonesia,
Tbk has always published its financial statements with the condition that the company never suffered a loss. In
that period too, the company was not delisted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Investment
Tandelilin (2016: 2) states that investment is a commitment to a number of funds or other resources
made at this time, with the aim of obtaining a number of benefits in the future.
2.2. Stock
Proof of equity ownership in a company for investors is Stock, namely in the form of acquisition of
stocks. Investors who will invest in the company consider information about the company's financial
2. The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 52 | Page
performance or look for other alternatives. The better the company's financial performance, the higher the
company's value (Hapsoro & Husain, 2019).
2.3. Stock Price
Halimatussakdiah (2017) states that the stock price is the price of a stock in the ongoing market, if the
market is closed, the stock price is the closing price.
The stock price determines the shareholder's wealth. Maximization of shareholder wealth is translated
into maximizing the company's share price (Brigham and Houston, 2010: 7).
2.4. Current Ratio (CR)
Kasmir (2015: 111) states that the current ratio is a ratio to measure the company's ability to pay short-
term obligations or debts that are due immediately when they are collected as a whole.
The better the company is in managing its short term debt, the better the company value will be.
Investors will be interested in investing in the company if there is an increase in the value of the company's
stocks because it will provide high stock returns for investors (Hapsoro & Husain, 2019).
2.5. Earning Per Share (EPS)
Salamun and Isworo (2013: 26) states that Earning Per Share (EPS) or earnings per share is a measure
of a company's ability to generate profits per share of the owner. The profit used as a measure is profit for the
owner or profit after tax.
2.6. Return on Equity (ROE)
Kasmir (2015: 11) states that Return on Equity (ROE) is a ratio used to measure a company's ability to
generate net income based on certain share capital, this ratio is a measure of profitability from the perspective of
shareholders.
Return on Equity (ROE) is the company's ability to generate profits with its own capital, so that this
ROE is called its own capital profitability (Salamun and Isworo, 2013).
2.7. Hypothesis
Figure 2.1 Research Framework
The hypothesis in this study is as follows:
H1: There is an effect of Current Ratio (CR) on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk for the 2011 –
2018 periods;
H2: There is an effect of Earning Per Share (EPS) on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk for the
2011 – 2018 periods;
H3: There is an effect of Return on Equity (ROE) on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk for the
2011 – 2018 periods;
III. RESEARCH METHODE
The research method used in this research is quantitative methods. The samples used in this research
are Current Ratio (CR), Earning Per Share (EPS), Return on Equity (ROE) and PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
Current Ratio (X1)
Earning Per Share (X2)
Return on Equity (X3)
Stock Price (Y)
H1
H2
H3
3. The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 53 | Page
which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which was formed during the first quarter of 2011 to the fourth
quarter of 2018 is used in this research. The company uses the unit of Rupiah (IDR) in financial statements.
The samples used as data in this study are as follows:
a. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as a consumer goods sector company that has made an Initial Public Offering
(IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange prior to the period 2011-2018;
b. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as a consumer goods sector company that has been listed on the Indonesia
Stock Exchange which always announces company performance through the publication of financial reports
during the 2011-2018 period;
c. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as a consumer goods sector company that was not delisted on the Indonesia
Stock Exchange during the 2011-2018 period;
d. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as a consumer goods sector company that has never suffered a financial loss
during the 2011-2018 period;
The type of data used in this study is Time Series data during the first quarter of 2011 to the fourth
quarter of 2018 from PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk as the research sample. The data source used comes from
secondary data that has been published and accessed through the Indonesia Stock Exchange website
www.idx.go.id. The data collection method used in this study was purposive sampling method.
The analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the OLS (Ordinary Least
Square) method so that you will still be able to get BLUE β0, β1, β2 and β3 in order to obtain the regression line
as close as possible to the actual data. The general form of the multiple linear regression equation used in this
study is as follows:
Y = β0 + β1X1 + β2X2 + β3X3 + e
Where :
Y = Stock Price
β0, β1, β2, β3 = Constants / Slope
X1 = Current Ratio (CR)
X2 = Earning Per Share (EPS)
X3 = Return on Equity (ROE)
e = random error (error term)
IV. RESULT
4.1. Normality Test
Figure 4.1 Normality Test
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
Based on the data above, it can be seen that each minimum value, maximum value, mean, and standard
deviation with a total of 32 data.
Based on these results it appears that the statistical value of the Jarque-Bera test is JB (0.104712) <X2
(9.49) or p-value (0.948991)> α (0.05), so the null hypothesis fails to be rejected, which means that the residuals
of the research model are normally distributed so that the T test and the F test can be done to see the significance
of the model.
Based on the results of the normality test above, the following are the results of multiple regression
calculations:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000
Series: Residuals
Sample 2011Q1 2018Q4
Observations 32
Mean -6.82e-13
Median 122.9985
Maximum 2683.798
Minimum -2404.695
Std. Dev. 1265.072
Skewness -0.117265
Kurtosis 2.846606
Jarque-Bera 0.104712
Probability 0.948991
4. The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 54 | Page
Dependent Variable: Stock_Price
Method: Least Squares
Date: 11/29/20 Time: 14:47
Sample: 2011Q1 2018Q4
Included observations: 32
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob.
C 26890.70 3597.807 7.474191 0.0000
CR -23862.87 4034.095 -5.915296 0.0000
ROE -11972.20 1747.422 -6.851353 0.0000
EPS 14.09273 1.967592 7.162424 0.0000
R-squared 0.704261 Mean dependent var 6865.156
Adjusted R-squared 0.672575 S.D. dependent var 2326.277
S.E. of regression 1331.120 Akaike info criterion 17.34190
Sum squared resid 49612656 Schwarz criterion 17.52511
Log likelihood -273.4704 Hannan-Quinn criter. 17.40263
F-statistic 22.22608 Durbin-Watson stat 0.995169
Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
Table 4.1 Multiple Regression Test Results
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
4.2. The Classic Assumption Test
4.2.1. Multikolinearitas Test
CR EPS ROE
CR 1.000000 -0.477716 -0.693540
EPS -0.477716 1.000000 0.869237
ROE -0.693540 0.869237 1.000000
Table 4.2 Multikolinearitas Test
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
From the results of the correlation coefficient test between the independent variables, there is no
multicollinearity between the independent variables CR and EPS, CR and ROE, EPS and CR, and ROE and CR
where the correlation value between the independent variables is below 0.85.
However, the correlation value between EPS and ROE variables is above 0.85. This indicates a
multicollinearity problem between the independent variables. The multicollinearity problem in the regression
equation in this study, the estimator is still BLUE so that individually the independent variables do not affect the
dependent variable through the t test and f test. Therefore, the authors did not make changes.
With the multicollinearity problem, the regression results still produce BLUE estimators because the
BLUE estimator problems do not require the assumption of no correlation between independent variables
(Widarjono 2016: 108-110).
4.3. Regression Analysis Results
Dependent Variable: Stock_Price
Method: Least Squares
Included observations: 32
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob.
C 26890.70 2392.173 11.24112 0.0000
CR -23862.87 2788.755 -8.556817 0.0000
ROE -11972.20 1376.985 -8.694503 0.0000
EPS 14.09273 2.478621 5.685715 0.0000
Table 4.3 Regression Analysis Results
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
5. The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 55 | Page
Multiple regression model in analyzing CR, ROE and EPS of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk (UNVR) as
follows:
Y (UNVR) = β0 + β1 (CR) + β2 (ROE) + β3 (EPS) + e
Based on the results of multiple regression analysis in table 4.3 above, the coefficients for the
independent variables are CR = -23862.87, ROE = -11972.20 and EPS = 14.09273, with an intercept / constant
of 26890.70. So that from these results the regression equation model is:
Y (UNVR) = 26890.70 - 23862.87 (CR) - 11972.20 (ROE) +14.09273 (EPS) + e
4.4. Hypothesis test
4.4.1. T Test
Dependent Variable: Stock_Price
Method: Least Squares
Included observations: 32
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob.
C 26890.70 2392.173 11.24112 0.0000
CR -23862.87 2788.755 -8.556817 0.0000
ROE -11972.20 1376.985 -8.694503 0.0000
EPS 14.09273 2.478621 5.685715 0.0000
Table 4.4 T Test
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
4.4.2. F Test
F-statistic 22.22608
Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
Table 4.5 Hypothesis Test (Simultaneous F)
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
4.5. Coefficient of Determination
R-squared 0.704261
Adjusted R-squared 0.672575
Table 4.6 Determination Coefficient Test (R2
)
Source: Eviews Calculation Result
V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. Analysis of the Effect of Current Ratio on the Stock Price
The variable Current Ratio (CR) partially has a significant correlation coefficient value to the stock
price of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. This shows that the fluctuation in the value of the Current Ratio (CR) does
not affect the fluctuation of the Unilever Stock Price. This can be seen from the results of the t test calculation
for the CR variable, where t count (-8.556817) < t table (2.048).
Current Ratio (CR) is the liquidity ratio, this ratio is an indicator to describe the company's ability to
pay all short-term liabilities or debts that are due immediately when billed with current assets as a whole.
The results of this study indicate that PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk during the first quarter of 2011 to
the fourth quarter of 2018 has the ability to pay current debts (short-term debt) with its current assets. This
means that the current assets it owns are still greater than current debts that must be paid at maturity.
5.2. Analysis of the Effect of Earning Per Share on the Stock Price
Variable Earning Per Share (EPS) partially has a positive and significant correlation coefficient on the
stock price of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. This illustrates that the fluctuation of the value of Earning Per Share
(EPS) greatly affects the fluctuation of the stock price. This can be seen in the results of the t test calculation for
the EPS variable, where t count (5.685715) > t table (2.048).
Earning Per Share is a profitability ratio, where this ratio is very important for investors because
through this ratio it can be seen to what extent the investment made by investors is able to provide a profit in
accordance with the expected level because EPS information can describe the earnings of a company in the
6. The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk
*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah www.aijbm.com 56 | Page
future. With that, prospective shareholders will be very interested in investing because the higher the value of
EPS, the greater the profits will be
The results of this study indicate that the EPS value increased during the first quarter of 2011 to the
fourth quarter of 2018, PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk has shown better performance in generating operating
profits.
5.3. Analysis of the Effect of Return on Equity on the Stock Price
The variable Return on Equity (ROE) partially has a significant correlation coefficient value on the
stock price of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. This shows that the fluctuation in the value of Return on Equity
(ROE) does not affect the rise and fall of Unilever's Stock Price. This can be seen from the results of the t test
calculation for the USD exchange rate variable, where t count (-8.694503)> t table (2.048).
Return on Equity (ROE) is the ratio of profitability, where this ratio is very important for investors
because through this ratio it can be seen the company's ability to generate profits with its own capital, so this
ROE is called its own capital profitability.
The results of this study indicate that all profits generated by PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk during the
first quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2018 showed that it was able to generate good enough profits so that
this could affect investors in investing their capital.
5.4. Simultaneous Analysis of the Effect of CR, ROE and EPS on The Stock Price
Current Ratio (CR), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earning Per Share (EPS) variables together have a
significant influence on The Stock Price of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk for the 2011 – 2018 periods. This is
indicated by the value of F count (22.22608) > F table (2.82).
5.5. Determination Coefficient Test Results
From the results of these calculations, the influence of the independent variable on the dependent
variable which can be explained by the model in this equation is 0.704261 or 70.42%. This shows that the
variations in CR, ROE and EPS are able to explain variations in the rise or fall of the PT. Unilever Indonesia
Tbk amounted to 70.42% while the remaining 29.58% was explained by other variables not included in this
regression model.
5.6. Recommendation
Based on these results, PT Unilever Indonesia, Tbk need to increase Current Ratio, Earning Per Share,
and Return on Equity in order to generate higher the Stock Price. Furthermore, it is also necessary to carry out
further research from other companies in the consumer good sector that have been listed in Indonesia Stock
Exchange.
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*Corresponding Author: Encep Huda Cindarsah
1
(Management, Perbanas Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia)