2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
Good Stuff Happens in 1:1 Meetings: Why you need them and how to do them wellSaba Software
According to the latest State of the American Manager report from Gallup, employees who have regular meetings with their managers are almost three times as likely to be engaged as those who don’t. These regular check-ins keep managers and employees in sync and aligned. Want to see better manager/employee relationships in your organisation? Then make an all-in commitment to 1:1 meetings. Not sure how? You’ve come to the right place.
In this webinar with Jamie Resker, Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS), and Teala Wilson, Talent Management Consultant at Saba Software, you’ll get the inside track on how to hold effective 1:1 meetings, including tips for getting managers on board.
• Go beyond discussing the status of everyday work to higher level topics, including recognition, performance, development, and career aspirations
• Learn how to decide meeting frequency, what to cover, as well as roles and responsibilities of the manager and employee
• Understand how managers can build trust and make it comfortable for employees to provide upward feedback
• Unite your organisation with a unified approach to 1:1 meetings
Join us for this 1-hour webinar to get practical tips for building better manager-employee relationships with intention and purpose.
About the Speakers
Jamie Resker - Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS)
Jamie Resker, Practice Leader and Founder of Employee Performance Solutions, is a recognized innovator in performance management. She is the originator of the-the Performance Continuum Feedback Method® and Conversations to Optimize Employee Performance training program; tools and training that reshape communications between managers and employees to drive and align performance. Jamie is on the faculty for the Northeast Human Resources Association, is a contributor to Halogen Software's Talent Space Blog, and is an editorial advisory board member for HR Examiner.
Teala Wilson - Senior Consultant, Strategic Services, Saba Software
Teala is a Talent Management Consultant at Halogen Software, now a part of Saba Software. She has worked with teams on a national and global level supporting human resources in areas such as performance management, recruitment, employee benefit programs, training and talent development, workforce planning and internal communications. Teala also has a personal passion for visual arts and design.
Want to learn more? Join us for an upcoming Product Tour!
http://bit.ly/2yitfqu
This video by Simplilearn will explain to you Introduction to C Programming Language. Introduction to C Programming Language Tutorial For Beginners will explain to you the C language's history, C's importance, its features, real-world applications, and some of its advantages and disadvantages.
00:00 Introduction to C
1:42-History of C language
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, could identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
2:48-Importance and unraveling the powerful capabilities of C,
The widespread use of C started to take over the IT industry. Unraveling the potential of C, the designers began to discover new possibilities that led them to focus on the big picture.
3:56-C's cutting-edge features
The designers at Bell Laboratories ensured that their programming language solved the issues with B and BCPL and the ones they had foreseen.
6:35-The popular real-world applications of C
-UNIX operating system
-google file system
-Mozilla
-Graphical user interface
8:30-The advantages and disadvantages of C
10:34-The popular IT companies and their domains that employ C
· MasterCard
· IBM
· Flipkart
· Dell
· Twitter
· GitHub and twitch
11:09-First c program.
🔥 Explore our FREE courses with completion certificates: https://www.simplilearn.com/skillup-f...
✅Subscribe to our Channel to learn more about the top Technologies: https://bit.ly/2VT4WtH
⏩ Check out the C++ Programming training videos: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
#IntroductiontoCProgrammingLanguage #CLanguage #CProgramming #CProgram #CProgrammingLanguage #LearnCProgramming #HowToCodeInCForBeginners #CTutorialForBeginners #LearnCProgramming #Simplilearn
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, was able to identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
✅What is C++ Programming?
C++ is an enhanced and extended version of C programming language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 as part of his Ph.D. project. Bjarne developed what he called ‘C with Classes’ (later renamed C++) because he felt limited by the existing programming languages that were not ideal for large scale projects. He used C to build what he wanted because C was already a general-purpose language that was efficient and fast in its operations.
✅C++ Career Prospects:
With just C++ programming expertise, you will have excellent job opportunities, salaries, and career prospects. However, for a career based on programming languages such as Java and Python (which are in more demand than C++) or for careers based on front-end, back-end, and full-stack
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
Good Stuff Happens in 1:1 Meetings: Why you need them and how to do them wellSaba Software
According to the latest State of the American Manager report from Gallup, employees who have regular meetings with their managers are almost three times as likely to be engaged as those who don’t. These regular check-ins keep managers and employees in sync and aligned. Want to see better manager/employee relationships in your organisation? Then make an all-in commitment to 1:1 meetings. Not sure how? You’ve come to the right place.
In this webinar with Jamie Resker, Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS), and Teala Wilson, Talent Management Consultant at Saba Software, you’ll get the inside track on how to hold effective 1:1 meetings, including tips for getting managers on board.
• Go beyond discussing the status of everyday work to higher level topics, including recognition, performance, development, and career aspirations
• Learn how to decide meeting frequency, what to cover, as well as roles and responsibilities of the manager and employee
• Understand how managers can build trust and make it comfortable for employees to provide upward feedback
• Unite your organisation with a unified approach to 1:1 meetings
Join us for this 1-hour webinar to get practical tips for building better manager-employee relationships with intention and purpose.
About the Speakers
Jamie Resker - Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS)
Jamie Resker, Practice Leader and Founder of Employee Performance Solutions, is a recognized innovator in performance management. She is the originator of the-the Performance Continuum Feedback Method® and Conversations to Optimize Employee Performance training program; tools and training that reshape communications between managers and employees to drive and align performance. Jamie is on the faculty for the Northeast Human Resources Association, is a contributor to Halogen Software's Talent Space Blog, and is an editorial advisory board member for HR Examiner.
Teala Wilson - Senior Consultant, Strategic Services, Saba Software
Teala is a Talent Management Consultant at Halogen Software, now a part of Saba Software. She has worked with teams on a national and global level supporting human resources in areas such as performance management, recruitment, employee benefit programs, training and talent development, workforce planning and internal communications. Teala also has a personal passion for visual arts and design.
Want to learn more? Join us for an upcoming Product Tour!
http://bit.ly/2yitfqu
This video by Simplilearn will explain to you Introduction to C Programming Language. Introduction to C Programming Language Tutorial For Beginners will explain to you the C language's history, C's importance, its features, real-world applications, and some of its advantages and disadvantages.
00:00 Introduction to C
1:42-History of C language
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, could identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
2:48-Importance and unraveling the powerful capabilities of C,
The widespread use of C started to take over the IT industry. Unraveling the potential of C, the designers began to discover new possibilities that led them to focus on the big picture.
3:56-C's cutting-edge features
The designers at Bell Laboratories ensured that their programming language solved the issues with B and BCPL and the ones they had foreseen.
6:35-The popular real-world applications of C
-UNIX operating system
-google file system
-Mozilla
-Graphical user interface
8:30-The advantages and disadvantages of C
10:34-The popular IT companies and their domains that employ C
· MasterCard
· IBM
· Flipkart
· Dell
· Twitter
· GitHub and twitch
11:09-First c program.
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#IntroductiontoCProgrammingLanguage #CLanguage #CProgramming #CProgram #CProgrammingLanguage #LearnCProgramming #HowToCodeInCForBeginners #CTutorialForBeginners #LearnCProgramming #Simplilearn
Dennis Ritchie, a computer scientist, was able to identify the gaps and tap out the best features from both B and BCPL languages to invent a new hybrid.
Hence, C was born in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. A remarkably simple and highly readable programming language resulted in groundbreaking advancements in the IT industry.
✅What is C++ Programming?
C++ is an enhanced and extended version of C programming language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 as part of his Ph.D. project. Bjarne developed what he called ‘C with Classes’ (later renamed C++) because he felt limited by the existing programming languages that were not ideal for large scale projects. He used C to build what he wanted because C was already a general-purpose language that was efficient and fast in its operations.
✅C++ Career Prospects:
With just C++ programming expertise, you will have excellent job opportunities, salaries, and career prospects. However, for a career based on programming languages such as Java and Python (which are in more demand than C++) or for careers based on front-end, back-end, and full-stack
I va K uzaro tasiri amaliy shablon-2_compressed.docx
1. O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI RAQAMLI
TEXNOLOGIYALAR VAZIRLIGI MUHAMMAD AL-
XORAZMIY NOMIDAGI TOSHKENT
AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI UNIVERSITETI
FARG'ONA FILIALI
“Dasturiy injiniringi va raqamli iqtisodiyoti” fakulteti
Dasturiy injiniringi yo'nalishi
651-21 – guruh talabasi
Akmaljonov Azizbek
“Inson va kompyuter o`zaro ta`siri”
fanidan tayyorlagan
AMALIY ISHLARI
Topshirdi: A.Akmaljonov
Qabul qildi: O.Ergashev
Farg'ona 2023
2.
3. Amaliy mashg`ulot № 6.
Foydalanuvchining faoliyati va vazifalarini tahlil qilish. Rollar va vakolatlarni
loyihalash.
Ishning maqsadi: Tanlangan axborot tizimi uchun maqsadli
auditoriyani tahlil qilish..
1. Nazariy qism.
1.1 Foydalanuvchilarni tahlil qilish
Maqsadli auditoriya - sayt / ilova mazmuni yo'naltirilgan Internet
foydalanuvchilari guruhi; ma'lumot, tovarlar yoki xizmatlarga qiziquvchilarning
doirasi. Maqsadli tashrif buyuruvchilar qanday ma'lumotlarni qiziqtirganlarini va
qanday mahsulot yoki xizmatlarni sotib olishni xohlashlarini aniq bilishadi.
Maqsadli auditoriyani aniqlash quyidagilarga yordam beradi:
loyihaning ko'rinishini sozlash va barcha keraksiz narsalarni tashlab,
rivojlanishga pul tejash;
foydalanuvchi tajribasi va qoniqishini yaxshilash.
foydalanuvchilaringizni raqobatchilardan nimaga jalb qilishini tushunish;
"Frankenshteyn" ni yaratmang: unda "hamma uchun" juda ko'p funktsiyalar
mavjud bo'lgan mahsulot, uni hech kim foydalana olmaydi;
kompaniyangiz uchun samarali marketing kanallarini kashf etish.
Maqsadli auditoriyani o'rganish interfeys elementlarini sozlash va umuman
o'zaro ta'sirni loyihalash uchun zarurdir. Qabul qilaman, fabrika ishchisi va
uchinchi kurs talabasi Internetdan nafaqat boshqacha foydalanadi, balki ular
dunyoni boshqacha ko'rishadi. Bozoringiz to'g'risida ma'lumotga ega bo'lmasdan,
kiritilgan mablag 'daromad keltirmasligi mumkin va loyiha talab qilinmasdan
qolishi mumkin.
Maqsadli auditoriyaning profili ma'lum bo'lsa ham, foydalanuvchilaringiz
yoki tashrif buyuruvchilaringiz haqida bilishingiz mumkin bo'lmagan juda ko'p
narsalar mavjud. Maqsadli auditoriyaning xususiyatlari juda ko'p va ularni yig'ish
va tahlil qilish mahsulot iste'molchisining aniq portretini yaratadi, samarali qarorlar
qabul qiladi va xaridorlarni xursand qiladi.
Auditoriya tadqiqotlari Internet-loyiha auditoriyasi doirasini - mumkin
bo'lgan o'sish va o'zgarishlarni hisobga olgan holda real va potentsialni baholashga
imkon beradi.
4. Saytning maqsadli auditoriyasini bilish quyidagi
vazifalarni hal qilishda foydalidir:
Internet marketing va veb-saytlarni reklama qilish strategiyasini rejalashtirish.
Auditoriya tadqiqotlari qaysi so'rovlar maqsadli auditoriya uchun qiziqarli
ekanligini va qaysi so'rovlar targ'ib qilish samaraliroqligini tushunishga imkon
beradi.
Ko'rsatiladigan reklamalarni joylashtirish: maqsadli auditoriyani bilish potentsial
mijozlaringizni qiziqtiradigan va reklama byudjetidan maksimal
darajada foydalanadigan manbalarga reklama joylashtirish
imkonini beradi.
Ijtimoiy tarmoqlar bilan ishlash: auditoriya manfaatlarini bilish foydalanuvchilar
bilan muloqot qilish uchun eng mos platformalarni tanlashga va Internet-
marketingning belgilangan vazifalarini osonlikcha hal qilishga imkon beradi.
1.2 Kimni tahlil qilish kerak?
Maqsadli auditoriya tadqiqotlari, agar ularni saqlab qolishni istasangiz,
hozirgi foydalanuvchilarga va agar maqsad maqsadli auditoriyani jalb qilish bo'lsa,
potentsial foydalanuvchilarga ta'sir qiladi.
Maqsadli auditoriyani qanday aniqlash mumkin?
Maqsadli tashrif buyuruvchining portretini tashkil etuvchi ma'lumotlarni
olish uchun ma'lumot to'plashning turli usullari qo'llaniladi. Maqsadli auditoriyani
tadqiq qilishning ko'plab usullari mavjud
- so'rovnomalar va so'rovnomalardan faoliyatni tahlil qilishgacha.
Auditoriya bo`yicha ma'lumot to'plash usullari:
Server log analizatori va hisoblagich ma'lumotlariga tashrif buyurish (saytdagi barcha
foydalanuvchi harakatlarini o'rganish va sayt auditoriyasining mintaqalar bo'yicha, vaqt
bo'yicha taqsimlanishini belgilashga imkon beradi);
Auditoriya so'rovlari (foydalanuvchilarni so'rov qilish, so'rovnoma
shaklidan foydalanish yoki saytda ro'yxatdan o'tish);
So'rov o'tkaziladigan saytlarda auditoriya so'rovnomalari, panel ma'lumotlarini va
hisoblagich ma'lumotlarini birlashtirgan (so'rovlar panel saytida o'tkaziladi);
Audit tizimlari va tadqiqot kompaniyalarining an'anaviy so'rovlari (agentliklar).
Saytning maqsadli auditoriyasi haqidagi statistik ma'lumotlarning muhim
manbai bu qidiruv tizimining so'rovlari statistikasi. Siz maqsadli auditoriya hajmini
qidiruv so'rovlari soni bo'yicha taxmin qilishingiz mumkin. Bunday xizmatlarda,
masalan, Yandex (Yandex qidiruv statistikasi), Rambler (Adstat Rambler) va
Google (Google Search statistika) qidiruv tizimlari mavjud.
5. Axborot to'plash natijasida olingan ma'lumotlarga asoslanib, xulosali
raqamlarni olish va foydalanuvchilar guruhlari xulq-atvorini o'rganish va reklama
ta'sirining samaradorligini baholash mumkin.
Maqsadli auditoriyani tadqiq qilishning yana bir usuli - bu "belgilar" yoki
"shaxslar".
"Shaxs" bu maqsadli auditoriya vakilining umumlashtirilgan profilidir, unda
quyidagilar mavjud:
foydalanuvchilarning demografik va psixografik xususiyatlari (mashg'uloti,
jinsi, yoshi, odatlari, kompyuter bilan ishlash qobiliyati, motivlari va
ehtiyojlari);
foydalanuvchining vazifalari yoki maqsadlari;
kontekstlar, foydalanuvchi ishlaydigan muhit. ish joyini, operatsion tizimni,
brauzerni, hatto ish joyini yoritishni ham hisobga olish mumkin.
"Shaxs" bilan qurollanib, siz abstrakt mehmon uchun emas, balki uning
xohishi va cheklovlari bilan tirik odam uchun dizayn qilishingiz kerak.
Tadqiqotning yakuniy maqsadi saytning maqsadli auditoriyasining to'liq
portretini olishdir. Tadqiqot davomida ular olingan ma'lumotlarni (ijtimoiy
tarmoqlardan va boshqa ommaviy manbalardan) to'playdi va tahlil qiladi,
sotsiologik tadqiqotlar olib boradi, davomatni tahlil qiladi va boshqa ko'p narsalar.
Tadqiqot natijalari bo'yicha tuzilgan yakuniy hujjatda quyidagi ma'lumotlar keltirilgan:
1) auditoriya tavsifi - maqsadli auditoriya qanday ko'rinishga ega;
2) auditoriya tarkibi - maqsadli auditoriya qanday bo'linadi, u qaysi guruhlardan
iborat;
3) auditoriya hajmi - qancha odam maqsadli auditoriya;
4) imtiyozlar - umuman maqsadli auditoriyaga va xususan uning alohida
guruhlariga qanday imtiyozlar xosdir;
5) sotib olish to'g'risida qaror qabul qilish omillari - mahsulotni sotib olishga qaror
qilishda qanday omillar ta'sir qiladi va qanday momentlar hal qiluvchi hisoblanadi;
6) ijtimoiy-demografik xususiyatlar - bu nimani anglatadi
maqsadli auditoriyaning xususiyatlari: jinsi, yoshi, ijtimoiy holati va
boshqalar. ;
7) tendentsiyalar - yaqin kelajakda maqsadli auditoriyaning hajmi, tarkibi va
afzalliklari qanday o'zgarishi.
1.3 Foydalanuvchi rollari va ruxsatlarini loyihalash
Rol modelida mavzu tushunchasi foydalanuvchi va rol tushunchalari bilan
almashtiriladi.
6. Rol - bu ma'lum bir faoliyatni amalga oshirish uchun zarur bo'lgan
cheklangan, mantiqan bog'liq vakolatlar to'plami bilan bog'liq bo'lgan tizimda faol
ishlaydigan mavhum shaxs.
Rollarga asoslangan siyosatni qo'llashda kirishni boshqarish ikki bosqichda
amalga oshiriladi:
1) har bir rol uchun ob'ektga kirish huquqlari to'plamini ifodalovchi ruxsatnomalar
to'plami ko'rsatilgan.
2) har bir foydalanuvchiga o'zi uchun mavjud bo'lgan rollarning ro'yxati beriladi.
Rollarga eng kam imtiyoz printsipiga muvofiq ruxsat beriladi. Shundan kelib
chiqadiki, har bir foydalanuvchi o'z ishini bajarish uchun zarur bo'lgan minimal
ruxsatnomalar to'plamiga ega bo'lishi kerak.
Rol modeli tizimni to'plamlar shaklida tavsiflaydi (1-rasm):
— U ko'plab foydalanuvchilar;
— R ko'plab rollar;
— S tizimda foydalanuvchining ko'plab mashg'ulotlari;
— P ob'ektga kirish uchun ko'plab vakolatlar.
1-rasm. Tizimni tavsiflash uchun ishlatiladigan rol modeli
PA har bir rolga tayinlangan ruxsatnomalar to'plamini tayinlash orqali bir
nechta rollarga bir nechta ruxsatnomalarni xaritalaydi. UA ko'plab
foydalanuvchilarni ko'plab rollarga moslashtiradi, har bir foydalanuvchi uchun
unga tegishli rollar to'plami aniqlanadi.
Rolga asoslangan xavfsizlik siyosatida kirishni boshqarish qoidasi quyidagi
funktsiyalar bilan belgilanadi:
User: S→U;
Har bir seans uchun S ushbu foydalanuvchini tizim foydalanuvchisi (S) = U
bilan bajaradigan
U foydalanuvchisini belgilaydi.
7. Role: S→R;
Har bir S seans uchun ushbu funktsiya ushbu seansda foydalanuvchi uchun
bir vaqtning o'zida mavjud bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan to'plamdan R rollar to'plamini
belgilaydi.
Permissions: S→P;
Har bir mashg'ulot uchun S unda mavjud bo'lgan ruxsatnomalar to'plamini
belgilaydi, ular ushbu sessiyada aniqlangan barcha rollarning ruxsatnomalari
yig'indisi sifatida tavsiflanadi.
Namunaviy modeldagi xavfsizlik mezonlari. S sessiyasida ishlaydigan
tizimning biron bir foydalanuvchisi P vakolatini talab qiladigan harakatlarni
amalga oshirishi mumkin bo'lsa, tizim xavfsiz deb hisoblanadi, agar
P= permissions(S);
Mezonning xulosasi: kirishni boshqarish asosan ruxsatlarni berish orqali
emas, balki foydalanuvchi rollarini belgilaydigan va aloqalarni belgilaydigan UA
munosabatlarini belgilash orqali amalga oshirilishi mumkin, bu sessiyada mavjud
bo'lgan rollar to'plamini belgilaydi.
Ierarxik rolli model
Bu rol modellarining eng keng tarqalgan turi bo'lib, unda rollar ularga
berilgan vakolat darajasi bo'yicha tartiblanadi. Rollarning ierarxiyasi shuni
anglatadiki, agar rol tayinlangan bo'lsa, unda ierarxiyadagi unga bo'ysunadigan
barcha rollar avtomatik ravishda unga tayinlanadi.
Shunday qilib, har bir foydalanuvchiga rollar ierarxiyasining ba'zi bir kichik
to'plamlari beriladi va har bir sessiyada ushbu ierarxiyaning bir qismini tashkil
etuvchi rollar ruxsatnomalari to'plamiga kirish imkoniyati mavjud. Natijada, biz
rolning hajmini pasaytirdik.
O'zaro istisno rollari
Rollar to'plami foydalanuvchiga bir vaqtning o'zida berib bo'lmaydigan va
mos kelmaydigan deb hisoblanadigan rollarni birlashtirgan kichik to'plamlarga
ajratiladi. Shunday qilib, foydalanuvchiga mos kelmaydigan rollarning har bir
to'plamidan faqat bitta rol berilishi mumkin. Rollar to'plamidagi nomuvofiqlikni
aniqlash uchun har bir rol uchun mos kelmaydigan rollar to'plamini belgilaydigan
funktsiya o'rnatiladi. O'zaro istisno rollar vazifalarni statik ravishda taqsimlashni
8. amalga oshiradi, bu erda vakolat to'qnashuvi rollarni belgilash bosqichida hal
qilinadi.
Mas'uliyatni dinamik ravishda taqsimlash
Bir seans davomida rollardan bir vaqtning o'zida foydalanishni cheklash.
Bunday holda, rollar to'plami, shuningdek, mos kelmaydigan rollarning pastki
qismlariga bo'linadi, ammo foydalanuvchiga har qanday rollarning kombinatsiyasi
bilan munosabatlar berilishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, tizim bilan mashg'ulot
paytida foydalanuvchi bir vaqtning o'zida har bir mos kelmaydigan rollarning har
bir to'plami uchun bir nechta rolni faollashtirishi mumkin. Agar foydalanuvchi
seans davomida turli xil rollar o'rtasida almashinishi mumkin, lekin shu bilan birga
ular orasidagi ziddiyatlarning oldini olish kerak bo'lsa, bu siyosat vazifalarni
dinamik taqsimlash deb ataladi. U statikka qaraganda ancha moslashuvchan,
kirishni boshqarish sxemalarini yanada murakkablashtirishga imkon beradi va
troyan otlarining hujumidan himoya qiladi. Masalan, foydalanuvchini bir vaqtning
o'zida qimmatli ma'lumotlarga kirish va boshqa foydalanuvchilar tomonidan
tizimga kiritilgan zararli dasturlarni ishga tushirishning oldini olish mumkin.
1.4 Rollar va vakolatlarni tayinlashda miqdoriy cheklovlar
Model faqat cheklangan miqdordagi foydalanuvchilarga rolni tayinlashi
mumkin bo'lgan holatlarga va / yoki cheklangan miqdordagi rollarga ruxsat
berishda mo'ljallangan.
Rollarni va kuchlarni guruhlash
Bir-birini to'ldiradigan va maqsadi alohida ma'noga ega bo'lmagan rollar va
kuchlar faqat bir butun sifatida tayinlanishi mumkin bo'lgan guruhlarga
birlashtiriladi. Buning uchun qo'shimcha qoidalar kiritiladi, unga ko'ra
foydalanuvchiga har qanday rolni unga allaqachon ma'lum rollar to'plami
tayinlangan taqdirdagina berish mumkin va bu rolga ma'lum vakolatlar to'plami
allaqachon unga bog'langandagina kuch berish mumkin.
Rollarga asoslangan kirishni boshqarish siyosati xavfsizlikni rasmiy dalillar
bilan kafolatlamaydi, faqat cheklovlarning mohiyatini belgilaydi, bunga rioya
qilish xavfsizlik mezonlari bo'lib xizmat qiladi.
2. Ishni bajarish tartibi.
9. 1. Sotsiologik tadqiqotlar natijalaridan foydalangan holda (iloji bo'lsa) mo'ljallangan
tizimning maqsadli auditoriyasini o'rganish. Agar ushbu turdagi tadqiqot ma'lumotlari
mavjud bo'lmasa, tegishli tadqiqotlar natijasida olingan ma'lumotlar bilan tanishib chiqing.
O'rganilgan ma'lumotlarga asoslanib, auditoriyani loyihalashtirilgan tizimga
(jinsi, yoshi, mashg'uloti, kompyuter savodxonligi darajasi va boshqalar) eng ko'p
ta'sir qiladigan parametrlarga qarab segmentlang. Har bir segmentda taxminiy
odamni tanlang va 1-jadvalda keltirilgan profilni to'ldiring:
1.1-jadval – ―Shaxs‖ profili
< Shaxs nomi >
< Shaxs roli>
< Shior >
Fotosurat
Tavsif
<Tavsifda quyidagi xususiyatlar ko'rsatilgan: jinsi, yoshi, kasbi, oilaviy
ahvoli, sevimli mashg'ulotlari, tizim bilan o'zaro ta'sir qilish shartlari
(o'zaro ta'sirlashish uchun ishlatiladigan qurilma, atrof-muhit va
boshqalar) va boshqa har qanday tegishli omillar.>
Maqsadlar:
< Tizimdan foydalanishda foydalanuvchi erishmoqchi bo'lgan maqsadlar ro'yxati >
Rag'batlantiruvchi omillar:
<Tizimning foydalanuvchini shunga o'xshash raqobatchilar tizimlari o'rniga foydalanishga undashi
mumkin bo'lgan har qanday xususiyatlar, shuningdek ijobiy holatga olib kelishi mumkin bo'lgan
xususiyatlar foydalanuvchidan hissiy munosabat>
Ranjitadigan omillar:
<Tizimning foydalanuvchini tizimni ishlatishdan qaytarishi mumkin bo'lgan har qanday
xususiyatlar, shuningdek foydalanuvchidan salbiy hissiy reaktsiyaga sabab bo'lishi mumkin
bo'lgan xususiyatlar ro'yxat shaklida ko'rsatiladi.>
Ideal o'zaro ta'sir senariysi:
< Ideal shovqin ssenariysi - bu bitta kalitni tavsiflovchi foydalanuvchi va tizimning o'zaro aloqalari
haqidagi bayon mukammal shaklda foydalanuvchi nuqtai nazaridan ssenariy >
2. Tizimning funktsional imkoniyatlaridan kelib chiqib, barcha mumkin bo'lgan
foydalanuvchi rollarini tanlang (masalan, "Administrator", "Moderator"). Natijalarni 1.2-
jadvalga kiriting.
1.2-jadval - Tizim foydalanuvchilarining rollari
№ Roli Tavsifi
1
10. 3. Tizim ichidagi foydalanuvchi huquqlari ro'yxatini tuzing (1.2-jadvaldagi har bir
tanlangan rol uchun). Vakolat namunalari: "Tizimda ro'yxatdan o'tish", "Xabar yuborish",
"Foydalanuvchini qo'shish". Natijalarni 1.3-jadvalga kiriting.
1.3-jadval - foydalanuvchi ruxsatnomalari
№ F ydalanuvchi huquqlari Tavsifi
1
4. 1.2 va 1.3-jadvallar asosida. foydalanuvchi roliga qarab ma'lum tizim
imkoniyatlarining mavjudligini aks ettiruvchi rollar va kuchlar matritsasini tuzing:
1.4-jadval
1-rol 2-rol … N rol
1-foydalanuvchi huquqlari X X X X
2-foydalanuvchi huquqlari X X X
3-foydalanuvchi huquqlari X
… X X
N-foydalanuvchi huquqlari X X
3.Hisobotning mazmuni
1. Sarlavha sahifasi
2. Ishning mavzusi va maqsadi
3. Shaxslar (brigadaning har bir a'zosidan - kamida bitta kishi)
4. Foydalanuvchi rollari ko'rsatilgan jadval
5. Foydalanuvchi huquqlari ko'rsatilgan jadval
6. Rol / vakolat matritsasi
Xulosa:
Foydalanuvchining faoliyati va vazifalarini tahlil qilish, uning qanday platformada,
dasturda yoki tizimda aktivlik ko'rsatdiğini va qaysi vazifalarni bajarishi kerakligini
aniqlashga yordam beradi. Misol uchun, agar foydalanuvchi bir onlayn do'kon saytida
savdo amalini bajarayotgan bo'lsa, uning faoliyati buyurtmalar qabul qilish, mahsulotlarni
tanlash, to'lovni amalga oshirish va yetkazib berishni o'z ichiga oladi. Bunday tahlil
foydalanuvchining platformda qanday amallar bajarishi kerakligini aniqlashga yordam
beradi va uning tezroq va samarali ishlashiga imkoniyat yaratadi.
Rollar va vakolatlarni loyihalash, ularning dizaynini, funksiyalarini va texnologiyalarini
belgilashni o'z ichiga olgan jarayon. Bu loyihalash jarayoni davomida, muharrir va
injenerlar o'rtasida ko'p qatlamli ish olib boriladi. Ular dizaynning shakl va rangini
belgilab, vakolatning yuqori sifatli materiallardan ishlab chiqarilishini ta'minlash uchun
texnik xarakteristikalarini belgilab chiqarishadi. Shuningdek, vakolatlarning avtomatik
tizimlarini yaratish, ularga energiya ta'minlash va boshqa muhim funktsiyalarni
loyihalashda ham katta ahamiyatga ega bo'ladi. Bu jarayon davomida, kompaniya
xarajatlari, ishlab chiqarish muddati va sotish narxlari kabi faktorlar ham hisobga oladi.
Bular barchasi rollar va vakolatlarni loyihalashda muhim ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan
jarayonlardir.
11. Amaliy mashg`ulot № 7.
Foydalanuvchilarni tahlil qilish usullari.
Ishning maqsadi:
1. Foydalanuvchilarni tahlil qilish usullari bilan tanishib chiqish.
1. Nazariy ma'lumotlar.
Foydalanuvchiga yo'naltirilgan dizayn dasturiy mahsulot yo'naltirilgan auditoriyani
o'rganishni o'z ichiga oladi. Ushbu tadqiqot davomida axborot tizimining potentsial
foydalanuvchilarining ehtiyojlari, istaklari, imkoniyatlari va afzalliklarini aniqlash uchun turli
usullardan foydalaniladi.
Usullar.
Foydalanuvchi interfeysini rivojlantirishning turli bosqichlarida va umuman foydalanishga
yaroqlilik intizomida qo'llanilgan ba'zi (biron-bir darajada) usullarni ko'rib chiqamiz.
Shaxsiylashtirish
Ushbu usul turli guruhlarga mansub potentsial foydalanuvchilarning batafsil tipik
profillarini tuzishni o'z ichiga oladi. Profilni tahlil qilish foydalanuvchilarning maqsadlari,
ehtiyojlari, ehtiyojlari, afzalliklari va umidlari kabi xulq-atvor jihatlarini modellashtirishga imkon
beradi. Bu mahsulot imkoniyatlari, ularning vizual taqdimoti va o'zaro ta'sir usullari bilan bog'liq
qarorlarni qabul qilishda foydali bo'ladi.
Kontekstni tahlil qilish
Foydalanish kontekstini tahlil qilish ma'lum bir vazifani bajarish jarayonida
foydalanuvchilar aniq nima bilan shug'ullanishi va uni qanday muhitda bajarishi haqida mavjud
bo'lgan barcha ma'lumotlarni to'plashdan iborat. Bu interfeysni ishlab chiqishni
foydalanuvchilarning tizim komponentlari bilan ishlash uslubiga eng mos keladigan tarzda
yo'naltirishga imkon beradi. Tahlil natijalari foydalanish holatlarini (Use Case-ni ) tuzish uchun
asos bo`ladi.
Foydalanish stsenariylari (Use Cases)
Stsenariylar ma'lum bir sharoitda ishlab chiqarish muammolarini hal qilishda
foydalanuvchi xatti-harakatlarini tavsiflaydi. Ular loyihalash uchun boshlang'ich nuqta sifatida
foydalanish holatlarini taqdim etadi va shuningdek, qulaylik sinovlari uchun asos yaratadi.
Skriptlardan (stsenariylardan) foydalanishning afzalliklari quyidagilardan iborat:
bo'lajak foydalanuvchilarning xatti-harakatlarini, ularning vazifalari va atrof-
muhitini modellashtirish;
dizaynning dastlabki bosqichlarida qulaylik masalalarini o'rganish;
foydalanuvchilarning maqsadlarini va ushbu maqsadlarga erishish uchun qancha
vaqt sarflashlarini aniqlash;
minimal resurslardan foydalanish;
keyingi baholash tadqiqotlari uchun stsenariylardan foydalanish;
inson omillari bo'yicha ekspertizaga bo'lgan ehtiyojni kamaytirish.
Izoh: skriptlar (stsenariylar) foydalanuvchi harakatlarining aniq va batafsil tavsifidir,
ammo ularda foydalanuvchi interfeysi elementlaridan foydalanishga havolalar (ссылка)
bo'lmasligi kerak.
Ushbu usulni qo'llashdagi asosiy qiyinchilik, ishlab chiquvchilar uchun eng odatiy yoki
qiziqarli bo`lmagan, balki eng ko'p turli xil vaziyatlarni qamrab oladigan bunday stsenariylarni
ishlab chiqish zarurati bilan bog'liq. Ro'yxat ketma-ketlik bilan bir qatorda testda ishlatiladigan
chiziqli bo'lmagan stsenariylarni ham o'z ichiga olishi kerak. Kelajakda ishlab chiqilayotgan
tizimni baholash uchun yaratilgan ssenariylarning to'liq to'plamidan foydalanish kerak.
Kartalarni saralash
12. Bu ma'lumotni guruhlarga bo'lish uchun foydalaniladigan oddiy, ishonchli va arzon
foydalanuvchilarni o'rganish usuli. Natijalarni saralash (natijada olingan guruhlar) dasturni
tuzishda va natijada navigatsiya sxemasini shakllantirishda ishlatilishi mumkin (masalan, veb- sayt
menyusining tuzilishini belgilash).
Kartalarni saralash usulining mohiyati quyidagicha:
1. Materiallar va mavzular ro'yxatini shakllantirish. Bunda mavjud dasturda (yoki
raqobatbardosh ishlanmalarda) ishlatilgan materiallardan tortib, kelgusi nashrlar
rejalariga qadar turli xil manbalardan foydalaniladi. Hozirgi rivojlanishda ko'zda
tutilmagan kelajakdagi materiallarning kiritilishi qo'shimcha xarajatlarni tejashga
imkon beradi, chunki funksiyalarni kengaytirish qobiliyati va taqdim etilgan
ma'lumotlar allaqachon ishlab chiqilgan.
2. Ishtirokchilarni tanlash. Kartalarni saralash alohida yoki guruhda amalga
oshirilishi mumkin. Shaxsiy test o'tkazish uchun o'nlab ko'ngillilar talab qilinadi.
Guruh sinovlari uchun har biri uch kishidan iborat kamida beshta guruh tuzish
tavsiya etiladi. Ikkala holatda ham, asosiy narsa, test topshiruvchilar maqsadli
auditoriyaning eng tipik vakillari bo'lishi kerak.
3. Kartalarni tayyorlash. U yoki bu tarzda ilgari tanlangan materiallar alohida qog'oz
kartalarga qo'llaniladi. Kartochkalardagi sarlavhalar ishtirokchilar tez o'qishlari
uchun etarlicha qisqa bo'lishi va shu bilan birga ishtirokchilar xavf ostida bo'lgan
narsalarni tushunishlari uchun etarlicha batafsil bo'lishi kerak. Sinov ishtirokchilari
o'z takliflarini kiritishlari mumkin bo'lgan bir nechta bo'sh kartalarni qoldirish
tavsiya etiladi. Barcha kartalar, shu jumladan bo'sh kartalar ham noyob
identifikatorga ega bo`ladi.
4. Sinovni bajarish. Sinovni boshlashdan oldin kartalar aralashtiriladi, toza kartalar
yonma-yon joylashtiriladi. Sinov ishtirokchilari birma-bir (yoki guruhlarda)
xonaga kirib, kartalarni o'zlari xohlaganicha yotqizishadi, agar kerak bo'lsa, bo'sh
kartalarga o'zlarining qarashlarini yozadilar. Xonada doimiy ravishda bo'lgan
kuzatuvchi saralash natijalarini qayd qiladi, kartalar yana aralashtiriladi va keyingi
ishtirokchini (guruhni) taklif qiladi.
5. Natijalarni tahlil qilish. Sinov natijalari bitta jadvalda umumlashtirilib, unda
allaqachon foydalanuvchilarning istaklari aniqlanadi. Bu erda aniq ko'rsatmalar
mavjud emas, chunki har qanday tahlil "sehr va ilm o'rtasidagi narsa" dir.
Yaqinlik diagrammasi
Ushbu usulning asl nomini (affinity diagramming) tematik o'xshashlik / yaqinlik
diagrammasini yaratish sifatida tarjima qilish mumkin. Usul kartalarni saralashga asoslangan,
ammo u boshqacha tarzda amalga oshiriladi: elementlarni guruhlash ishlab chiquvchilar vakillari
va buyurtmachining mutaxassislari tomonidan birgalikda muhokama davomida amalga oshiriladi.
Ishtirokchilarga elementlarni va / yoki guruhlarni qayta tuzish, yangilarini qo'shish va
keraksizlarini o'chirish imkoniyati beriladi.
Aqliy hujum
Operatsion muammolarni hal qilish uchun keng qo'llaniladigan ekspert usuli. Yechimni
izlash uch bosqichda amalga oshiriladi:
1. Muammoni shakllantirish. Ushbu bosqichda hal qilinadigan muammo aniq
shakllantirilishi kerak.
2. G'oyalar avlodi. Ishtirokchilar muammoni hal qilish uchun turli xil, ehtimol hatto
bema'ni g'oyalarni tezda taklif qilishlari kerak bo'lgan asosiy bosqich. Ushbu
13. bosqichda taklif qilingan variantlarning har qanday baholanishi chiqarib tashlanadi,
chunki bu erda asosiy narsa ularning soni.
3. Fikrlarni guruhlash, baholash va tanlash. Taklif etilgan g'oyalarning har biri
muhokama qilinadi va undan keyingi foydalanish imkoniyati to'g'risida qaror qabul
qilinadi.
Ko'pincha, aqliy hujum usuli boshqa usullardan "ichkarida" foydalaniladi, masalan,
yaqinlik diagrammasi usuli yordamida dastur tuzilishini loyihalash paytida.
Imkoniyatlar
Foydalanuvchilarni tahlil qilishning turli usullarida qo'llaniladigan bir qator vositalar
mavjud. Ular orasida off-layn echimlar (oddiy qog'ozdan boshlab) va on-layn xizmatlar mavjud.
1-jadvalda foydalanuvchi interfeyslarini ishlab chiqishda foydalaniladigan dasturlarning ba'zi bir
misollari keltirilgan.
1-jadval. Foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni uchun dasturlar.
UXSort - bu Windows-ga asoslangan dastur bo'lib, bu kartalarni saralash orqali
strukturaning ta'rifi bilan bog'liq tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirishga imkon beradi. 1000 tagacha
kartani qo'llab-quvvatlaydi, saralash chuqurligi - 2 darajagacha. MS Excel yoki MS Word-dan
kartalarni import qilishga imkon beradi.
14. Pencil Project - barcha platformalar uchun bepul (GPL v2) prototip dasturiy ta'minot.
O'rnatish va ishlatish oson. Ko'p sonli ulanadigan shablon to'plamlari mavjud. .Html, .svg, .pdf,
.odt, .png formatlariga eksport qilishni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi.
GUI Machine - bu yuqori sifatli prototiplarni tez va oson yaratish va ularni interaktiv
ko'rish imkonini beradigan ish stoli va veb-ilovalar uchun o'zaro faoliyat platformalararo
prototiplarni yaratish vositasi. Ko'p sonli mahalliy va platformadan mustaqil komponentlarni o'z
ichiga oladi.
15. Moqups – veb-sayt yoki mobil dastur prototipini yaratish uchun veb-dastur. Bu boshlash
uchun hatto ro'yxatdan o'tishni talab qilmaydigan qulay onlayn moharrir hisoblanadi. Ham bepul,
ham rivojlangan xususiyatlarga ega bo'lgan tijorat versiyasi mavjud.
2. Ishni bajarish tartibi
Quyidagi foydalanuvchi tahlil usullaridan biri haqida hisobot yozing. Tanlangan usul hal
qiladigan vazifalar, ularning tavsifi, afzalliklari va kamchiliklari va ehtimol muqobil variantlari
taqdim etilishi kerak. Hisobot oxirida - ishlatilgan ma'lumot manbalari ro'yxati keltirilsin.
O`zingizning variantingizga muvofiq, amaliy mashg`ulot vazifasini bajarish uchun:
Variant nomeri Topshiriq
1-Variant Kartalarni ochiq saralash
2-Variant Kartalarni yopiq saralash
3-Variant Foydalanuvchilarning so'rovnomalari
4-Variant Intervyu
5-Variant Kontekstli so'rov
6-Variant Vazifalarni tahlil qilish
7-Variant Evristik baholash
8-Variant " Wizard of Oz " metodikasi
9-Variant Parallel dizayn
10-Variant Fokus guruhlari
11-Variant Kuzatish kundaliklari
12-Variant Prototip yaratish
13-Variant Foydalanish imkoniyatini testlash (sinov)
Xulosa:
Foydalanuvchi tahlil qilish usullari
1. Ma'lumotlarni to'plash: Foydalanuvchilarning ma'lumotlarini to'plab, ularning amaliyotlarini va
xohishlarini tushunish.
16. 2. Ma'lumotlarni tahlil qilish: Foydalanuvchilar haqida ma'lumotlarni tahlil qilib, ularning nima uchun
sayt yoki dasturdan foydalanishini aniqlash.
3. Statistik ma'lumotlarni o'rganish: Foydalanuvchilar statistik ma'lumotlarini o'rganib, ularning sayt yoki
dasturda qanday davraniş ko'rsatganligini tushunish.
4. Anketlar va so'rovnoma o'tkazish: Foydalanuvchilar bilan anketlar va so'rovnoma o'tkazib, ularning
fikrlarini va takliflarini aniqlash.
5. Testlash va monitoring: Foydalanuvchilar bilan testlash va monitoring jarayonlari orqali ularning sayt
yoki dasturda qanday amaliyot ko'rsatganligini aniqlash.
6. Feedback qabul qilish: Foydalanuvchilardan feedback olish va ularga qulayliklar yaratish uchun
takliflarni eshitish.
17. Amaliy mashg`ulot № 8.
Interfeys turlari. Foydalanuvchi interfeysini yaratish.
Ishning maqsadi: Foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni bosqichlarini o'rganish.
1. Nazariy ma`lumotlar.
Har qanday texnik qurilmalar singari, kompyuter ham inson uchun majburiy bo'lgan
muayyan qoidalar to'plami orqali aloqa o'rnatadi. Ushbu qoidalar kompyuter adabiyotida interfeys
deb ataladi.
Interfeys, ta'rifi bo'yicha, operatsion tizimning foydalanuvchilar bilan o'zaro aloqasi
qoidalaridir. Inson-kompyuter aloqasi texnologiyasi interfeysga bog'liq.
Interfeys tasnifi.
Yuqorida aytib o'tganimizdek, interfeys birinchi navbatda qoidalar to'plamidir. Har qanday
qoidalar singari ular ham umumlashtirilishi, "kod" da to'planishi, umumiy xususiyatiga ko'ra
guruhlanishi mumkin. Shunday qilib, biz "interfeys turi" tushunchasiga odamlar va kompyuterlar
o'rtasidagi o'zaro ta'sir yo'llarining o'xshashligi bilan kombinatsiya sifatida keldik. Qisqacha
aytganda, biz inson-kompyuter aloqasining turli xil interfeyslarini quyidagi sxematik tasnifini
taklif qilishimiz mumkin.
Zamonaviy interfeys turlari quyidagilar:
1. Buyruq interfeysi.
2. WIMP - interfeys
3. SILK - interfeys
4. "Mimik interfeys"
5. Jamoat interfeysi
Foydalanuvchi interfeysini ishlab chiqishni to'rtta asosiy bosqichga bo'lish mumkin:
1) loyiha bo'yicha ishni boshlash;
2) muammolarni bayon qilish;
3) yuqori darajadagi dizayn;
4) past darajadagi dizayn.
Interfeysni rivojlantirishning to'liq tsikli quyidagi bosqichlarni o'z ichiga oladi:
1-bosqich: tadqiqot
2-bosqich: foydalanuvchi stsenariylari (skriptlar)
3 bosqich: interfeys tuzilishi
4-bosqich: interfeysning prototipini yaratish
5-bosqich: uslubni aniqlash
6-bosqich: dizayn tushunchasi
7-bosqich: barcha ekranlarni bezatish
8-bosqich: interfeysni jonlantirish (interfeys animatsiyasi)
9-bosqich: ishlab chiquvchilar uchun materiallar tayyorlash.
1- bosqich: tadqiqot
Tadqiqot bosqichida mahsulot, mijoz, uning raqobatchilari yoki yaqin analoglari, joriy
interfeys (masalan, veb-sayt yoki mobil ilova) dan foydalanish bo'yicha statistik ma'lumotlarni
yig'ish va mo'ljallangan maqsadli auditoriya qurilmalarini tahlil qilish to'g'risida ma'lumotlar
to'planadi.
Ushbu bosqich interfeys kim uchun ishlab chiqilayotganligini, qanday cheklovlar bilan
amalga oshirilishi kerakligini (ekran o'lchamlari, interaktivlik), buni qanday qilmaslik kerakligini
tushunishga yordam beradi (masalan, raqobatchilardan farq qilish).
2- bosqich: foydalanuvchi stsenariylari (Maxsus skriptlar)
Taqdim etilgan interfeys tavsifi asosida foydalanuvchi interfeys doirasida bajarishi
mumkin bo'lgan vazifalar (foydalanuvchi skriptlari) ro'yxati tuziladi. Masalan, profil rasmingizni
yangilash.
18. Barcha vazifalar muammoni hal qilish uchun bajarilishi kerak bo'lgan bosqichlarga
muvofiq yoziladi. Masalan:
1. Saytga o'tish
2. Kirish
3. Profilga o'tish
4. Avatarni bosish
5. Faylni tanlash
6. Rasmga ishlov berish yoki o'zgartirishni tasdiqlash
7. Saqlash
3 bosqich: interfeys tuzilishi
Oldingi bosqichdagi natijalar ro'yxati interfeys tuzilishining asosini tashkil etadi.
Ekranlarning soni, ularning qisqacha mazmuni va umumiy tuzilishdagi o'rni ma'lum bo'ladi.
4-bosqich: interfeysning prototipini yaratish
Ko'pgina hollarda biz ikkita sxematik prototipni yaratamiz: qoralama va yakuniy.
Istisnolarni kichik interfeyslar tashkil etadi, ya`ni judayam oddiy mobil ilovalar yoki kichik saytlar.
Prototip qoralamasi - bu Invision prototip xizmati orqali bog'langan ekranlarning sxemasi.
Qoralama versiyada diagrammalar mazkur diapazonlarning zonalarini va tavsiflarini ko'rsatadi.
Masalan, yangiliklar ro'yxati yoki veb-sayt sarlavhasi. Hammasi tafsilotlarsiz.
Prototip qoralamasi saytning qanchalik hajmli bo'lishini, har bir ekranda qancha ma'lumot
bo'lishini, kerakli sahifaga o'tish uchun qancha bosish kerakligini aniqroq tushunishga yordam
beradi.
Keyingi qadam - bu yakuniy prototip bo'lib, unda sahifalar maketlari hanuzgacha bir-biri
bilan bog'langan, ammo barcha tugmalar, matnlar, katakchalar, shakllar va boshqa elementlar
allaqachon sahifalarda ko'rinib turadi.
Prototiplarda funktsionallik, sahifa elementlarini bir-biriga nisbatan joylashishi
rejalashtirilgan, lekin dizayni emas. Ranglar, tasvirlar, piktogramma - bu dizaynning barcha
bosqichlari hisoblanadi. Loyihalash bosqichida ular bir-biri bilan qanday munosabatda
bo'lishlarini, qanday qilib bir-biriga qarashlarini aytishning iloji yo`q.
5-bosqich: uslubni aniqlash
Tadqiqot bosqichidan so'ng va dizayn bosqichlariga parallel ravishda kelajakdagi interfeys
stilistikasi aniqlanadi.
Uslubni tanlash uchun bir nechta rasm to'plamlari (moodboards) tayyorlanadi. Ushbu
to'plamlar sayt sahifalari, rasmlar, tugmachalar, shrift kompozitsiyalari bilan bir-biriga bog'langan.
6-bosqich: Dizayn tushunchasi
Dizayn konsepsiyasi sayt dizaynini ko'rsatish va butun saytning kelajakdagi ko'rinishini
aniq ko'rsatish uchun mo'ljallangan. Agar stilistikani aniqlashning oldingi bosqichi faqat yo'nalish
bergan bo'lsa, u holda dizayn kontseptsiyasi tanlangan yo'nalishni interfeysning mavjud tarkibi
bilan kesib o'tishga mo'ljallangan.
Dizayn kontseptsiyasi har qanday hajmda taqdim etilishi mumkin, ammo biz vaqtni tejash
uchun uni minimallashtirishga harakat qilamiz. Odatda kontseptsiya 1-3 interfeys ekranlari bilan
ifodalanadi. Agar biz sayt haqida gapiradigan bo'lsak, unda biz bir nechta qurilmalar uchun bitta
sahifaning ko'rinishini ko'rsatishga harakat qilamiz. Agar interfeys ekranda animatsiyani qabul
qilsa, kontseptsiyada ishtirok etsa, biz uni ham ko'rsatamiz.
7-bosqich: Barcha ekranlarni bezatish
Dizayn konsepsiyasi tasdiqlangandan so'ng, boshqa barcha interfeys ekranlarini loyihalash
vaqti keldi. Dizayn kontseptsiyasi - bu butun interfeys qanday bo'lishi mumkinligi haqidagi
taxmin. Barcha ekranlarning dizayni haqida gap ketganda, tashqi ko'rinishni yakunlash jarayoni
amalga oshiriladi: o'lcham yoki etakchi to'g'ri tanlanganmi, piktogramma chiziqlari qalinligi matn
bilan yaxshi birlashtirilganmi, shakllar (tugmalar, kirish maydonlari) dizayni ekranning boshqa
elementlari bilan zidmi yoki yo'qmi va boshqa ko'plab holatlar.
19. Barcha ekranlarning dizayni rejasi interfeysning tuzilishi va sxematik prototipidir. Biroq,
ushbu rejadan chiqib ketish odatiy hol emas. Shunday qilib, dizayn paytida, pop-up oynasi
ekranning o'rtasida joylashgan ma'lumotlarning tarqalish blokiga qaraganda ancha aniqroq va
samaraliroq bo'lishi mumkin.
Barcha ishlab chiqilgan ekranlar interaktiv prototipga yig'ilgan bo'lib, ular interfeysni
ishlab chiquvchilar xizmatiga murojaat qilmasdan foydalanishning taxminiy tajribasini yaratadi.
8-bosqich: interfeysni jonlantirish
Ko'pincha ushbu bosqich dizayni kontseptsiyasi paydo bo'lgan paytdan boshlab boshlanadi
va barcha ekranlarning dizayni butun bosqichida davom etadi.
Biz operatsion tizim tomonidan ta'minlanmagan har qanday interfeys animatsiyasining
nostandart holatlarini ko'rsatishga harakat qilamiz. Masalan, iOS uchun dastur interfeysida keyingi
ekran qanchalik tez harakatlanishini ko'rsatishning hojati yo'q. Biroq, bu ham interfeys
animatsiyasi deb hisoblanishi mumkin.
9-bosqich: Ishlab chiquvchilar uchun materiallar tayyorlash
Bizda allaqachon barcha interfeys sxemalari mavjud. Barcha interfeysni bir-biriga
bog'laydigan prototip mavjud. Animatsion videolar tayyor. Ishlab chiquvchilarga interfeysni
amalga oshirishda yordam berish uchun biz buning uchun zarur bo'lgan barcha materiallarni
tayyorlaymiz.
Bunday materiallar quyidagilar bo'lishi mumkin:
• spritlar,
• barcha belgilar bilan shrift,
• Interfeys elementlari va ularning holatlari takrorlanadigan UI to'plami.
Interfeysdagi piktogramma va boshqa grafikalar uchun barcha masofalar, chuqurliklar,
o'lchamlar uchun biz Zeplin-dan foydalanamiz, u o'z-o'zidan piktogramma va kodni tayyorlaydi.
Foydalanuvchi interfeysini loyihalashda quyidagilarni aniqlash kerak:
Dialog tuzilishi;
Dialogni rivojlantirishning mumkin bo'lgan ssenariysi;
Inson va ilova o'rtasida almashinish mumkin bo'lgan nazorat xabarlari va
ma'lumotlarning mazmuni (xabarlar semantikasi);
Namoyish etilgan ma'lumotlarning vizual atributlari (xabarlar sintaksisini).
2. Ishni bajarish tartibi.
1. Nazariy materiallarni o'rganish.
2. Nazorat savollariga javob berish.
3. Hisobot tayyorlash
O`zingiz tanlagan variantga muvofiq, amaliy ish vazifasini bajarish uchun:
Variant № Topshiriqlar
Variant 1
Foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni bosqichlari bilan tanishib chiqing.
Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
Variant 2
Loyihada ishlashni boshlash bosqichining batafsil tavsifini tuzing.
Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
Variant 3
Muammoni hal qilishning tarkibiy bosqichlarini aniqlang. Hisobotni chop
eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
Variant 4
Yuqori darajadagi dizayn bilan tanishing. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy
qismni himoya qiling.
Variant 5
Yuqori darajadagi dizayn bilan tanishing. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy
qismni himoya qiling.
Variant 6 Interfeysni rivojlantirishning to'liq tsikli bilan tanishib chiqing. Uni
20. bosqichlarga ajratib oling. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya
qiling.
Xulosa:
foydalanuvchilarni tahlil qilish usullari, ularning onlayn faoliyatlarini, sayt yoki
ilovalarini o'rganish va tahlil qilishni o'z ichiga oladi. Bu usullar quyidagilar bo'lishi
mumkin:
1. Ma'lumotlar analitikasi: Foydalanuvchilar statistik ma'lumotlari, sayt yoki ilova
foydalanuvchilarining davr-harakatlarini va ularga qanday ta'sir ko'rsatishlari haqida
ma'lumotlarni o'rganish orqali tahlil qilinadi.
2. Anketalar va so'rovnomalar: Foydalanuvchilar bilan anketalar yoki so'rovnomalar
orqali suhbatlashib, ularning fikrlarini va mulohazalarini olish va tahlil qilish.
3. Foydalanuvchi interfeysi testlash: Foydalanuvchilar bilan interfeysni testlash orqali
ularning sayt yoki ilova ishlash usullarini va muammolarini aniqlash.
4. A/B sinovlari: Foydalanuvchilar orasida A/B sinovlari (bir-biriga nisbatan farqli
variantlar) o'tkazib, ularning xohishlarini va reaktsiyalarini tahlil qilish.
5. Sotsial media monitoring: Foydalanuvchilar sotsial mediadagi faoliyatlarini kuzatib
borish orqali ularning fikrlarini, mulohazalarini va reaktsiyalarini tahlil qilish.
Bu usullar foydalanuvchilar haqidagi ma'lumotlarni to'plab, tahlil qilib, ularning
talablariga mos keladigan xizmatlarni takomillashtirish uchun muhimdir.
21. Amaliy mashg`ulot № 9.
Foydalanuvchi interfeysi elementlarining tasnifi. Buyruq tugmalari: hajmi,
maydoni, matn va piktogrammalar.
Ishning maqsadi: Grafik foydalanuvchi interfeysi elementlarini o'rganish.
1. Nazariy ma'lumotlar.
Grafik foydalanuvchi interfeysi elementlari
Boshqaruv elementlari haqida suhbatni eng sodda, ya'ni tugmachalardan boshlash
qulayroqdir.
Tugmalar.
Tugma - bu variantni tanlash yoki hodisani boshlashga imkon beradigan (masalan, pastki
dasturni ishga tushirish) imkon beradigan boshqaruv elementi. Foydalanuvchining tugma bilan
barcha o'zaro ta'siri bosish bilan cheklanadi.
Buyruq tugmalari (Push Buttons) - bunday tugmachani bosish bilan aniq harakatlar
boshlanadi (to'g'ridan-to'g'ri harakat tugmalari). Ular to'rtburchaklar shaklida tasvirlangan, o'rtada
qaysi voqea tugmachani bosishini tushuntiradigan qisqa matnli xabar (so'z) mavjud. Buyruq
tugmachasida uchta holat mavjud: normal (tugma mavjud, lekin foydalanuvchi tomonidan hali
faollashtirilmagan), bosilgan (faollashtirilgan) va kirish imkoni bo'lmagan (faol bo'lmagan) (agar
tugmachaga tayinlangan funktsiya mavjud bo'lmasa yoki tugma fon oynasida joylashgan bo'lsa).
1-rasm. Bularning barchasi buyruq tugmachalari, ular to'g'ridan-to'g'ri harakat tugmalari (shu jumladan,
o'ngdagi gipermatnli havola)
-rasmda quyidagi belgilar ishlatiladi:
• составить новый план: yangi loyixa boshlash.
• открыт план: ochiq reja
•сохранит план: rejani saqlash
• Настройки: Sozlamalar.
•Невозможно отменит изменения: O‘zgarishlarni bekor qilib bo‘lmaydi
• Невозможно повторить изменения: O'zgarishlarni takrorlab bo'lmaydi.
• Вырезать выбранное: Kesish tanlangan.
• Копировать выбранное: Tanlovni nusxalash.
• Вставить: Kiritmoq
•Добавит к плану выбранную мебель из каталога. Katalogdan tanlangan mebelni rejaga
qo'shing
• Выбор объектов на плане: Reja bo'yicha ob'ektlarni tanlash.
• Прокрутка плана: O'tkazish rejasi:
• Создать стены: Devorlarni yarating.
• Создать комнату: Xona yarating.
22. -изменить графические параметры
grafik parametrlarni o'zgartirish
Birinchi qadam, rejani yuklash (fon rasmi) ixtiyoriy, ammo mavjud uyning devorlarini chizishni
sezilarli darajada tezlashtiradi. Shuning uchun uni topishga harakat qiling va agar topmagan
bo'lsangiz, skanerlang. Reja to'g'ri joylashtirilganligiga ishonch hosil qiling. Katta o'lchamdagi va
sifatli faylni dasturga yuklamang, bu chizma sizga uyni tezroq chizishga yordam beradi, ammo
mahorat bilan emas.
23. Uy rejasidagi devorlarni (yoki boshqa narsalarni) siljitish uchun ularni sichqoncha bilan
sudrab olib boring yoki klaviaturadagi slayd tugmalaridan foydalaning. Bitta devorni
tanlashda uning boshlang'ich va tugash nuqtalarini o'zgartirish yoki Reja > Devorni ajratish
menyu bandi yordamida devorni qismlarga bo'lish mumkin. Devorga yoki Reja > Devorlarni
o'zgartirish menyu bandiga ikki marta bosish devor parametrlarini o'rnatish uchun dialog
oynasini ochadi.
24. rasmda ko'rsatilganidek, dialog oynasi devorning chap va o'ng tomonining rangi yoki
tuzilishi, qalinligi, balandligi, nishabligi, devorning boshlang'ich va tugash nuqtalari kabi
devor parametrlarini sozlashda yordam beradi. Agar siz o'zingizning teksturangizdan
foydalanmoqchi bo'lsangiz, tekstura tanlash dialog oynasidagi Import tugmasini bosing va
teksturani import qilish bo'yicha yordamchining ko'rsatmalariga amal qiling.
Uyingizga mebel namunasini qo'shish uchun, rasmda ko'rsatilganidek, kerakli modelni
mebel katalogidan uy rejasi maydoniga yoki mebel namunalari ro'yxatiga sudrab olib
boring. 8. Asboblar panelidagi "Mebel qo'shish" tugmasidan foydalanib, tanlangan
namunani uyingiz rejasiga ham qo'shishingiz mumkin.
Loyihaga qo'shilgan barcha ob'ektlar bir vaqtning o'zida namunalar ro'yxatida, 2D rejasida
va 3D oynasida aks ettiriladi.
Birinchidan, eshik va derazalarni qo'shing. Agar siz dastur sozlamalarida magnitlanish
funksiyasini o'chirmagan bo'lsangiz, u holda eshiklar va derazalar avtomatik ravishda
devorning joylashishi va o'lchamiga mos ravishda yo'naltiriladi va sozlanadi.
Keyin joyni, nishabni va o'lchamlarni moslashtirib, mebel namunalarini qo'shing. Agar
magnitlanish funksiyasi yoqilgan bo'lsa, modellar avtomatik ravishda orqa tomoni devorga
o'rnatiladi va agar siz bir ob'ektni ikkinchisining ustiga qo'ysangiz, o'lchami kattaroq va
pol darajasida joylashgan bo'lsa, u avtomatik ravishda pastki qismidan yuqoriga
joylashtiriladi.
Tanlangan apparat namunasining ko'rsatkichlari
1.Aylanish indikatori: ob'ektni kerakli burchakka aylantirish uchun sichqoncha kursorini
uning ustiga olib boring va sichqonchaning chap tugmasini bosib turing. 15 ° burchak
ostida aylantirish uchun Alt tugmachasini bosib ushlab turing.
2.Balandlik indikatori ob'ektning pol sathidan balandligini o'zgartirishga imkon beradi.
3.Balandlik ko'rsatkichi tanlangan namunaning balandligini o'zgartirishga imkon beradi.
4 Hajmi ko'rsatkichi mebelning o'lchamlarini o'zgartiradi.
25. Tanlangan ob'ekt yoki Mebel > O'zgartirish menyu bandiga ikki marta bosish mebel
parametrlarini o'rnatish uchun dialog oynasini ochadi. Armaturalarni o'zgartirish uchun
dialog oynasini ochib (rasmga qarang) siz nom, burilish burchagi, joylashuv, pol sathidan
balandlik, o'lcham, rang, rejadagi ko'rinish kabi parametrlarni sozlashingiz mumkin,
shuningdek, ob'ektni aks ettirish.
Agar siz virtual tashrifchi nomidan ko'rishni tanlagan bo'lsangiz, uning figurasi 2D rejada
aks ettiriladi, unda siz uning joylashuvini ham o'zgartirishingiz mumkin. Tashrifchining
joylashuvi bir vaqtning o'zida 2D rejasida ham, 3D oynasida ham yangilanadi. Virtual
27. Virtual tashrifchi ko'rsatkichlar
1 Boshning egilishi ko'rsatkichi
2 Ko'rish maydoni indikatori
3 Tananing aylanish ko'rsatkichi (chap/o'ng)
Virtual tashrifchini batafsilroq sozlash uchun 3D ko'rinishi > 3D ko'rinishini o'zgartirish
menyu buyrug'idan foydalaning. Ochilgan dialog oynasida siz ko'rish maydoni, tashrif
buyuruvchining balandligi, er va osmonning rangi yoki tuzilishi, yorug'lik yorqinligi va
devorlarning shaffofligi kabi parametrlarni sozlashingiz mumkin.
Ochiladigan ro'yxatlar
28. Eng oddiy ro'yxat opsiyasi - ochiladigan ro'yxat. Ochiladigan ro'yxatlarning muhim
afzalliklaridan biri shundaki, ro'yxatning past balandligi komponentlardan yig'ilgan buyruqlarni
vizual ravishda namoyish etishni osonlashtiradi.
Bitta tanlovli ro'yxatlar
Yagona tanlov ro'yxati radio tugmalari guruhi va ochiladigan ro'yxat o'rtasida oraliqdir. U
bir xil sonli elementlarga ega bo'lgan radio tugmalari guruhidan kichikroq, ammo ochiladigan
ro'yxatdan kattaroqdir. Shunga ko'ra, undan faqat ekran makonining "dangasa iqtisodiyoti"
sharoitida foydalanish kerak.
3- rasm. Yagona tanlov ro'yxati. Shuni esda tutish kerakki, vaziyatlarda barcha narsalar
ro'yxatiga aylantirilmasdan joylashtirilgan, ro'yxat xuddi radio tugmalari guruhi singari
ishlaydi.
Ko'p tanlovli ro'yxatlar
Interfeys dizayni nuqtai nazaridan, ko'p tanlovli ro'yxatlar, avvalambor, qiziqarli, chunki
ular aslida Internetda yo'q. Texnik jihatdan ko'p tanlovli ro'yxatni yaratish muammo emas; HTML
da bu uchun maxsus yorliq (teg) ham mavjud.
Muammo shundaki, brauzerdagi bunday ro'yxat bitta tanlov ro'yxatiga o'xshaydi,
shuningdek, bir nechta elementni tanlash uchun foydalanuvchi Ctrl tugmachasini bosib turishi
kerak. Bu shuni anglatadiki, tinglovchilarning ozgina qismi bunday ro'yxatdan foydalana oladi (va
hatto ro'yxatdagi ishora ham vaziyatni tuzatmaydi). Ro'yxatlarning brauzerlar tomonidan juda
yomon bajarilishi sababli ulardan foydalanish odatda mumkin emas. Biz tasdiqlash kataklaridan
foydalanishimiz kerak.
4- rasm. Belgilash katakchalari bilan bir nechta tanlovli ro'yxat
Komboks qutilari
29. Kombobokslar (combo box) - bu kirish maydoniga ega bo'lgan ro'yxatning gibridlari:
foydalanuvchi mavjud narsani tanlashi yoki o'zi kiritishi mumkin.
Komboks qutilari ikki xil bo`ladi: ochiladigan va kengaytirilgan. Ikkala turda ham
muammolar mavjud.
5- rasm. Kiritish fokusi o`rnatilgan (chapda) va kengaytirilgan (o`ngda) ochiladigan kombobokslar.
Ochiladigan Kombobokslarda muammolar mavjud. Birinchidan, bunday Kombobokslar
xuddi ochiladigan ro'yxatlarga o'xshaydi, vizual ravishda ulardan faqat kirish fokus indikatori
mavjudligi bilan ajralib turadi (shunda ham faqat element tanlanganda). Bu shuni anglatadiki, faqat
nisbatan rivojlangan foydalanuvchilargina ulardan to'liq foydalanishi mumkin. Bunda hech qanday
alohida muammo yo'q, chunki Komboboks odatdagi ro'yxat kabi ishlatilishi mumkin. Ikkinchidan,
bundan ham yomoni, ochiladigan Kombobokslar Internetda sinf sifatida mavjud emas. Ular na
brauzerlarda, na HTML-da qo'llab-quvvatlanmaydi.
Boshqa tomondan kengaytirilgan Kombobokslar bilan bog'liq muammolar butunlay
boshqacha. Ularni qiyin, ammo Internetda (JavaScript orqali) amalga oshirish mumkin. Ularning
o'ziga xos ko'rinishi, ularni boshqa boshqaruv elementlaridan ajratib turadi. Biroq, ularni dasturiy
ta'minotga kiritish nisbatan qiyin (garchi Internetga qaraganda ancha oson bo'lsa ham). Shu bilan
birga, kengaytirilgan Komboboks ekranning ko'p joylarini egallaydi.
Aylantirishlar
Aylantirishlar (spinner, little arrow) - odatdagi kabi ko'p qirrali emas, balki kirish
maydonidir, chunki u matnli ma'lumotlarni kiritishga imkon bermaydi, lekin u ikkita foydali
xususiyatga ega.
6- rasm. Aylantirish
Birinchidan, aylantirish(spinner)ga qiymat kiritish uchun foydalanuvchiga sichqonchani
tashlab, qo'lini klaviaturaga siljitish kerak emas (oddiy kirish maydonidan farqli o'laroq). Qo'lni
joydan joyga ko'chirish nisbatan uzoq vaqtni (o'rtacha yarim soniya) davom etishi va diqqat
markazida bo'lishini bezovta qilganligi sababli, klaviaturaga ehtiyoj yo'qligi juda ham katta
yordam bo`ladi. Qanday bo'lmasin, aylantirish(spinner)ga klaviaturadan qiymat kiritish holati juda
kam uchraydi, ya'ni foydalanuvchilar aylantirish(spinner)ni to'liqligicha ijobiy qabul qilishadi.
Ikkinchidan, sichqoncha yordamida qiymat kiritishda tizim foydalanuvchilarga faqat to'g'ri
ma'lumotlarni, va ayniqsa, qimmatli bo'lgan ma'lumotlarni to'g'ri formatda kiritishga imkon
beradi. Bu inson xatosi ehtimolini keskin kamaytiradi. Shunday qilib, har qanday raqamli
qiymatlarni kiritish uchun aylantirish(spinner)dan foydalanish ko'proq o`zini oqlaydi.
Afsuski, Internetda maxsus aylantirish(spinner) elementi yo'q. Bitta elementli ko'p tanlovli
ro'yxatni yaratib, elementni aylantirish(spinner)ga o'xshatib qo'yishingiz mumkin, ammo unga
klaviaturadan qiymat kiritish imkoni bo'lmaydi. Yaxshiyamki, aylantirish(spinner)ni Macromedia
Flash dasturida nisbatan arzon narxlarda tayyorlash mumkin.
Slayderlar
Ilgari tavsiflangan boshqaruv elementlarida bo'lgani kabi, slayderlar foydalanuvchilarga
ixtiyoriy qiymat kiritishga ruxsat bermasdan ro'yxatdagi qiymatni tanlashga imkon beradi. O'rinli
savol tug'iladi: nega yana bitta nazorat kerak, agar shunga o'xshash elementlar juda ko'p bo'lsa.
30. Javob oddiy: agar foydalanuvchilar yaxshi tartiblangan qatorda qiymatni tanlashi kerak bo'lsa,
slayderlar ajralmas hisoblanadi:
■ qatorda juda ko'p qiymatlar mavjud (7-rasmga qarang).
■ foydalanuvchilarga qiymatlarning tartibliligini etkazishingiz kerak.
7- rasm. Slayderlarga misollar. Ko'rinib turibdiki, slayderdagi parametrlar soni juda muhim bo'lishi
mumkin.
■ foydalanuvchilarga ularning ko'pchiligidan tezda qiymatni tanlashga imkon berish
kerak (bunday hollarda slayder eng samarali element bo'lib chiqadi, garchi bu mumkin bo'lgan
inson xatolari uchun xavfli bo'lsa).
Slayderlarning qiziqarli tomoni bor. Ular matn parametrlarini tanlash uchun ham
ishlatilishi mumkin, ammo faqat ushbu parametrlarni aniq tartibga solish mumkin bo'lgan hollarda.
Bunday holatlar juda ko'p, masalan, "nonushta", "tushlik" va "kechki ovqat", tashqi aloqalar
bo'lmaganida, reyting juda mos keladi.
Menyu
Termin menyusining interfeysida aytib o'tilganida, ko'pchilik odamlar darhol ochiladigan
menyularni darhol tasavvur qilishadi.
Aslida menyu tushunchasi ancha kengroq. Menyu - bu foydalanuvchi tizimga o'z
buyrug'ini berish o'rniga, foydalanuvchi taklif qilingan variantlardan tanlab oladigan
foydalanuvchi va tizim o'rtasidagi o'zaro ta'sirning usuli.
8- rasm. Standart ochiladigan menyu.
Shunga ko'ra, bir nechta tugmachali (va bitta kirish maydonisiz) dialog oynasi ham menyu
hisoblanadi.
31. 9- rasm. Bu ham menyu
Hozirda menyuni u yoki bu shaklda ishlatmaydigan tizimlar deyarli qolmagan.
Tushuntirish oddiy. Menyu foydalanuvchilar miyasidagi yukni kamaytirishga imkon beradi,
chunki buyruqni tanlash uchun qaysi buyruq kerakligini va uni qanday aniq ishlatish kerakligini
eslashning hojati yo'q - kerakli ma'lumotlarning barchasi (yoki deyarli barchasi) allaqachon
ekranda. Bundan tashqari, menyu foydalanuvchi harakatlarining doirasini cheklaganligi sababli,
ushbu qatordan xato harakatlarni katta darajada olib tashlash mumkin bo'ladi. Bundan tashqari,
menyular foydalanuvchilarga ushbu tizim tufayli amalga oshirishi mumkin bo'lgan harakatlarni
ko'rsatadi va shu bilan foydalanuvchilarga ta'lim beradi (bitta tadqiqotda menyular eng samarali
o'quv vositasi ekanligi aniqlandi). Shunday qilib, aksariyat tizimlarda menyu ob'ektiv tovar
hisoblanadi (ular asosan tashqi muhit yoki vaqt o'tishi bilan tizimlarda samarasiz).
Menyu turlari
Bir nechta turli xil menyu taksonomiyalari mavjud, ammo faqat ikkitasi asosiy ahamiyatga
ega. Birinchi taksonomiya menyularni ikki turga ajratadi:
■ Statik menyu, ya'ni ekranda doimiy ravishda mavjud bo'lgan menyu. Asboblar paneli
ushbu turdagi menyuga odatiy misoldir.
■ Dinamik menyular, unda foydalanuvchi elementni tanlash uchun menyu chaqirishi
kerak. Masalan, odatdagi kontekst menyusi.
Ba'zi hollarda, ushbu ikki turdagi menyu birlashtirilishi mumkin, ham statik
(foydalanuvchilar tugmachalarni bosadi), ham dinamik (foydalanuvchilar menyuni chaqiradi)
sifatida ishlashi mumkin.
Ikkinchi taksonomiya menyularni ikki turga ajratadi:
■ Kosmosda ochiladigan menyular (masalan, oddiy ochiladigan menyu). Foydalanuvchi
har doim pastki darajadagi elementni tanlaganida, yuqori darajadagi elementlar ko'rinadigan bo'lib
qoladi.
■ Vaqt o'tishi bilan ochiladigan menyu. Bunday menyulardan foydalanganda yuqori
darajadagi elementlar (yoki keng ma'noda, allaqachon o'tgan elementlar) u yoki bu sabablarga
ko'ra ekrandan yo'qoladi.
Ikkala taksonomiyadagi har bir menyu turi ma'lum kamchiliklarga ega. Birinchi
taksonomiyadagi statik menyular tezroq ishlaydi, foydalanuvchilarga yaxshiroq ma'lumot beradi,
lekin ekran maydonini egallaydi. Vaziyat dinamik menyular bilan o'zgartiriladi. Ikkinchi
taksonomiyada birinchi tur (kosmosda ochiladigan menyular) foydalanuvchilarning o'zaro
aloqalari kontekstini ko'proq qo'llab-quvvatlaydi, ammo bu qo'llab-quvvatlash isrof qilingan ekran
maydoni hisobiga amalga oshiriladi. Ikkinchi turi bo'sh joydan foydalanishda ko'proq konservativ,
ammo kontekstni saqlashda yomonroq.
Shuning uchun har xil turdagi menyularning ta'sirini va interpenetratsiyasini tahlil qilishni
o'rganish, shuningdek ularning interfeysdagi o'rnini anglash juda foydali. Masalan,
abstraktsiyaning boshqa darajasidagi kontekst menyusi vaqtinchalik (ya'ni dinamik) dialog oynasi
bo'lib chiqadi, faqat nostandart tuzilishga ega. Ushbu tuzilmani tushunish, menyuda ham, dialog
oynasining fazilatlarini ham qo'lga kiritishi uchun tugmachalardan tashqari qaysi menyuda
menyudan foydalanish mumkinligini aniqlashga imkon beradi. Afsuski, ushbu kitobning hajmi
ushbu mavzuni to'liqroq tavsiflashga imkon bermaydi. Shuning uchun, ushbu bo'lim faqat asosiy
va kontekst menyularini tavsiflaydi.
Oynalar
32. Oyna - bu bir vaqtning o'zida ishlaydigan jarayonlarni vizual ravishda ajratib turadigan
ekranning maxsus maydoni.
Hozirgi vaqtda quyidagi turdagi oynalar ajratilgan:
dasturning asosiy oynalari
hujjatlar oynalari
rejimidagi dialog oynalari
modelsiz dialog oynalari
palitralar
brauzer oynalari (Internetda qo'llaniladigan texnologiya dasturiy ta'minot
texnologiyalaridan sezilarli darajada farq qilishi sababli, ushbu turdagi oynalar bir-
biridan bir-biridan ajralib turadi).
Oyna elementlari
Windows-da, boshqaruv elementlari bo'lgan maydonlardan tashqari, ba'zi bir umumiy
elementlar mavjud, ularning asosiylari oynaning sarlavha satrlari, holat satrlari, asboblar paneli va
aylantirish paneli.
Sarlavha satri. Matn va unchalik katta bo'lmagan darajada sarlavha belgisi dasturiy
ta'minotda muhim rol o'ynaydi (ular vazifalarni almashtirishni boshqaradi) va Internetda juda
muhim (navigatsiyani boshqarish). Vazifani almashtirish bilan hamma narsa oddiy va bir vaqtning
o'zida qiyin. Oddiy, chunki bu erda qoida sodda "Birinchi o'rinli ko'rsatiladi." Foydalanuvchiga
oddiy dastur emas, balki ma'lum bir dasturning ma'lum bir hujjati kerak bo'lganligi sababli (vazifa
almashinuvchisiga tushmaydigan hujjat oynalari yaxshi emas), avval hujjatlarning nomlari ko'proq
mos keladigan sifatida ko'rsatilishi kerak. Aksincha, qiyinchilik shundaki, Windows-ning qattiq
interfeysi tufayli siz ko'p ish qila olmaysiz. Shunga qaramay, dastur nomini qisqartirish juda zarur.
Sarlavha satridan faqat eng tajribali auditoriyaga kerak bo'lgan funktsiyalarni chaqirish
uchun foydalanish mumkin: sarlavha satridagi belgini bosish orqali ochiladigan menyu paydo
bo'ladi. Bu rivojlangan foydalanuvchilar uchun menyuni umumiy maqsadlar menyusidan ajratadi,
bu esa yangi boshlanuvchilar tomonidan chaqirilish ehtimolini pasaytiradi (ular hatto bunday
menyu borligi haqida bilmasligi ham mumkin).
Shuni ham anglash kerakki, foydalanuvchilar oynaning sarlavhalarini kamdan-kam
o'qishlari, foydalanuvchilarga sarlavhalar kerak emasligini anglatmaydi. Aksincha, yaxshi
sarlavha suhbatni tushunishni juda osonlashtirishi mumkin. Shuning uchun ekranda taniqli va
etarli sarlavha satriga ega bo'lish ko'pincha juda foydali bo'ladi. Buning uchun odatiy Windows
interfeysida joy yo'qligi achinarli.
Holat satri, ehtimol interfeysning eng kam baholangan elementidir (har holda, uni
Internetda ishlatish usuli statistikani sezilarli darajada buzadi). Aslida, vaziyat satri ikki narsaga
mo'ljallangan: u haqiqiy holat satri bo'lishi mumkin, ya'ni. tizimning joriy holatini aks ettiring yoki
rivojlangan foydalanuvchilar uchun asboblar paneli bo'ling (yoki ikkalasini ham bajaring). Keling,
buni batafsil ko'rib chiqaylik.
Tizimning hozirgi holatini aks ettirish. Deyarli har bir tizim hujjatlarga xos yoki vaqt
o'tishi bilan o'zgarib turadigan xususiyatlarga ega. Masalan, illyustratsion dasturlarda ob'ektlar
ba'zi xususiyatlarga ega va bu xususiyatlarning barchasi ko'rsatilmagan. Yana bir misol: tizim uzoq
vaqt band bo'lganda, foydalanuvchiga rivojlanish satrini ko'rsatishi kerak. Va nihoyat, eng oddiy
misol: matn protsessori foydalanuvchisi hujjatning qaysi sahifasida ekanligini bilish huquqiga ega.
Bularning barchasini holat satrida aks ettirish eng samarali hisoblanadi.
Vaziyat paneli, ayniqsa, rivojlanish satrini namoyish qilish joyi sifatida juda qiziq.
Qiziqarli naqsh mavjud: taraqqiyot satri ko'rsatiladigan joy bo'yicha siz tizim interfeysining sifatini
aniqlashingiz mumkin: agar indikator holat satrida ko'rsatilsa, u holda tizim odatda yaxshi
interfeysga ega, agar indikator boshqa joyda ko'rsatilsa, u yomon.
Ilg'or foydalanuvchilar uchun asboblar paneli. Ko'pincha, tizim bir tomondan muhim
bo'lgan funktsiyaga ega, ikkinchidan, tayyor bo'lmagan foydalanuvchini aqldan ozdirishi
33. mumkin. Odatda bu funktsiyalarning o'zi emas, balki tizimning ishlash rejimlariga tegishli.
Bunday hollarda, vaziyat paneli muammoni hal qilish uchun ajoyib echimdir. Bir tomondan, rejim
tugmachalarini chiqish maydonlaridan farq qilishi (masalan, MS Word holat satridagi REC0,
ISPR, VDL va ZAM yorliqlari nafaqat ko'rsatkichlar ekanligini bilasizmi?) Siz noto'g'ri
almashtirish ehtimolini kamaytira olasiz. Boshqa tomondan, agar foydalanuvchi tasodifan
o'chirgichni bosgan bo'lsa, u darhol tashqi ko'rinishidagi o'zgarishlarni ko'radi va keyinchalik
orqaga qaytishi mumkin. Boshqa tomondan, tajribali foydalanuvchi asboblar paneli orqali
o'tayotgandek rejimlarni osonlikcha o'zgartirishi mumkin.
O'tkazish paneli - bu uning tarkibida aylanadigan oyna elementi. Foydalanish nuqtai
nazaridan juda muvaffaqiyatli emas, interfeys elementi. O'tkazish g'ildiragi sichqonchasining
kiritilishi bilan aylantirish chizig'iga bo'lgan ehtiyoj juda kamaydi.
O'tkazish satrini yaratishda quyidagi talablarni hisobga oling.
• Slayderning kattaligi varaqlanadigan hujjatning umumiy hajmini ko'rsatishi kerak.
• Yo'llar ustidagi o'qlar juftlashtirilishi kerak; ikkala o'q ham chiziqning qarama-qarshi
tomonlarida emas, yonma-yon bo'lishi kerak. Bu interfeysning barqarorligi samaradorlikka zid
keladigan holatlardan biridir. Agar aylantirish paytida xatoga yo'l qo'yilgan bo'lsa, bog'langan
tugmachalar kursorning harakatini teskari yo'nalishda o'qga kamaytirishga imkon beradi.
• Ko'rish oynasini siljitish paytida dinamik ravishda o'zgartirish imkoni bo'lmasa,
foydalanuvchi havolasida foydalanuvchining hozirgi holatini ko'rsatish kerak. E'tibor bering,
kursorni siljitish paytida asboblar joylashuvi o'zgarmasdan qolishi kerak.
• Kursorning harakatlanish xatosini boshqarish kerak. Agar foydalanuvchi hujjatni ko'rib
chiqayotganda slayderni kursor bilan siljitganda, kursor chiziqdan chiqib ketishi mumkin.
Muayyan nuqtaga qadar (30-70 piksel bilan ofset) tizim bunday ofsetga e'tibor bermasligi kerak.
Asboblar paneli - bu piktogrammalar to'plami, ularning tanlovi harakatni boshlaydi.
Barcha panellar quyidagi afzalliklarga ega:
ular foydalanuvchilarga sichqoncha yordamida kerakli funktsiyalarga tezda
kirishga imkon beradi
ular foydalanuvchilarga kamroq xotiradan foydalanishga imkon beradi
ular interfeysning vizual boyligini oshiradi
ular ko'proq ko'rish imkoniyati tufayli o'rganish egri chizig'ini tezlashtiradilar
(ochiladigan menyular bilan taqqoslaganda).
Ammo ularning kamchiliklari ham bor: ular juda ko'p ekran maydonini egallaydilar,
shuning uchun ularga kerakli hamma narsani kiritish mumkin emas. Ushbu muammoni hal
qilishning ikki yo'li mavjud. Birinchidan, panelda faqat eng ko'p ishlatiladigan buyruqlarni
joylashtirishingiz mumkin (va kerak) (foydalanuvchi tomonidan panelni sozlash qobiliyati).
Ikkinchidan, panel foydalanuvchi harakatlarining kontekstiga bog'liq bo'lishi mumkin. Ikkala
usuldan ham foydalanish mumkin, chunki ular bir-biriga zid kelmaydi.
Asboblar panelini funktsiyani chaqirishning yagona usuliga aylantirish kerak emas.
Hozirda panelga o'zboshimchalik bilan boshqarish vositalarini joylashtirishda hech qanday
texnik muammolar mavjud emas (faqat bitta chegara qoldi - joylashtirilgan elementlarning
kattaligi), shuning uchun murakkab panellarni yasashga to'sqinlik qilgan so'nggi to'siqlar yo'qoldi.
Buni ishlatishga arziydi, chunki u dialog oynalarini ochish va yopish vaqtini tejaydi va tizim bilan
o'zaro aloqalarning ajralmas sifatini yaxshilaydi (foydalanuvchilar murakkab panellardan
foydalanishni yaxshi ko'radilar).
Rasmlar (ikonkalar)
To'g'ridan-to'g'ri manipulyatsiya interfeysida foydalanuvchilar to'g'ridan-to'g'ri
ko'rinadigan ob'ektlarda harakatlarni amalga oshiradilar. Ushbu ob'ektlar tugmalar, yorliqlar,
menyular yoki rasmlar (ikonkalar) bo'lishi mumkin.
Barcha piktogrammalar ularning funktsiyalarini qanchalik to'g'ri ifodalashiga qarab
tasniflanishi mumkin.
34. O'xshashlik piktogrammasi - piktogramma ular ko'rsatadigan narsalarga o'xshaydi
(masalan, "kesish" operatsiyasini namoyish qilish uchun qaychi);
Naqshli piktogramma ob'ekt turiga misol keltiradi (masalan, bo'yoq vositasini ko'rsatish
uchun chiziqni ko'rsatuvchi piktogramma);
Ramziy piktogramma - harakatni yoki holatni ramziy shaklda ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi
(masalan, uzilgan tarmoq ulanishini ko'rsatish uchun ikkita kompyuter orasidagi uzilgan chiziq);
Ixtiyoriy ikonkalar - ularning taqdimoti haqida hech qanday ma'lumot bermang, shuning
uchun ularning maqsadi tasvirlangan bo'lishi kerak (masalan, "oxirgi buyruqni bekor qilish"
harakatini aks ettiruvchi teskari dumaloq o'q)
Piktogrammalar
Piktogrammalarning hayotdagi o'rni. An'anaviy dasturlarda piktogramma juda ko'p
ishlatiladi:
■ tizim belgisi
■ foydalanuvchilar har qanday tarzda o'zgartirishi mumkin bo'lgan alohida tizim
fayllarining piktogrammasi
■ tizim tomonidan yaratilgan va tahrir qilingan hujjatlarning ikonkalari
■ tizim vositalarining piktogrammasi (har doim ham emas, ko'p tizimlar ularsiz yaxshi
yashaydi)
■ asboblar paneli va menyu ikonkalari
■ to'g'ridan-to'g'ri manipulyatsiyani amalga oshirish uchun foydalaniladigan ob'ektlar
piktogrammasi (kamdan-kam, afsuski)
■ menyu belgisi.
Kursorlar
Kursorlar - bu teskari aloqa qilishning ajoyib usuli. Masalan, foydalanuvchi har doim
kursorni oynaning bir burchagiga olib borganida, foydalanuvchi oynaning shakli kattalashishi
mumkinligini kursor o'zgartiradi.
Afsuski, kursorlarning salbiy tomoni bor: foydalanuvchilar chirkin piktogramma bilan
kelisha oladilar, chunki ular unga qarashga qodir emaslar, chirkin kursor bilan kelisha olmaydilar,
chunki ular ekranda har doim unga qarashlari kerak.
Shuning uchun kursorlardan foydalanish qoidasi quyidagicha: ko'rsatgichni istalgan vaqtda
uni estetik jihatdan yoqimli qila olasiz; aks holda, hatto kursorlar haqida o'ylamang.
2. Ishni bajarish tartibi
1. Nazariy materialni o'rganish.
2. Variant bo'yicha kamida 10 ta interfeys elementlarini o'z ichiga olgan "do'stona"
interfeysli dastur ishlab chiqish.
3. Nazorat savollariga javob berish.
4. Hisobot yozish.
Vazifa. Variantingizga muvofiq, amaliy ish vazifasini bajarish uchun:.
Variant nomeri Topshiriq
1-Variant Grafik foydalanuvchi interfeysi elementlari bilan tanishing. Hisobotni chop
eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
2-Variant Tugmalarning asosiy turlarini tavsiflang. Tugmalar uchun bir nechta
variantlarni ishlab chiqing. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya
qiling.
3-Variant GUIning asosiy elementlaridan biri sifatida menyu bilan tanishib chiqing.
Menyu turlaridan birini ishlab chiqing. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy
qismni himoya qiling.
4-Variant Belgilarga tavsif bering. Piktogrammalar tasnifini bering. Piktogramma
uchun bir nechta variantni ishlab chiqing. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy
qismni himoya qiling.
35. 5-Variant Belgilash katakchalari va radio tugmalariga tavsif bering. Belgilash
katakchalari yoki radio tugmalari uchun bir nechta variantni ishlab chiqing.
Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
6-Variant Piktogrammalarga tavsif bering. Piktogrammalarning har xil turlarini
loyihalash. Hisobotni chop eting va nazariy qismni himoya qiling.
Hisobotning tarkibiy tuzilishi
1. Sarlavha sahifasi
2. Ishning mavzusi va maqsadi
3. Variantingiz bo'yicha topshiriqni bajarish
4. Nazorat savollariga javoblar
Xulosa:
Foydalanuvchi interfeysi yoki inson-kompyuter interfeysi - inson-kompyuter
hamkorlikning bir yo'li. U foydalanuvchi ehtiyojlariga javob va uning zaif tomonlarini
biladi bo'lsa, u kishiga qaratilgan. interfeys mashina qismi - bu imkoniyatlarni
foydalanib, mashinada amalga oshiriladi qismidir kompyuter
texnologiyalari. foydalanuvchi interfeysi zaif, ehtiyojlari, odatlar nuqtai va o'rganish
qobiliyati va boshqa omillar bilan odam tomonidan amalga oshiriladi qismidir.
36. Amaliy mashg`ulot № 10.
Vizual dizayn. Vizual dizaynni qo'llash.
Ishning maqsadi: vizual flat dizayni asoslarini, afzalliklarini va amaliy qo'llanilishini
o'rganish.
1. Nazariy ma`lumotlar.
Flat dizayni: tarixi, afzalliklari va amaliy qo'llanilishi
Bugun biz o'z e'tiborimizni zamonaviy grafik vizual dizaynning eng mashhur
yo'nalishlaridan biri ya`ni Flat dizayniga qaratamiz..
Taniqli rassom Edgar Degas bir vaqtlar: "San'at siz ko'rgan narsada emas, balki siz
boshqalarga qanday ko'rsata olishingizda" degan edi. Bu grafik vizual dizaynga ham tegishli bo'lib,
uni ma'lum bir vazifani hal qiladigan san'at deb ham aytish mumkin. Grafik vizual dizayn shakllar
va soyalar, harflar va oraliqdagi eng kichik o'zgarishlar orqali kayfiyatni va xabarni o'zgartirishi
mumkin. Kundalik hayotning ajralmas qismiga aylangan ushbu yo'nalish tendentsiyalari ularning
qaror qabul qilish jarayoni va zamonaviy mahsulot taqdimotidagi muammolarni hal qilish,
shuningdek foydalanuvchilarning didini shakllantiradi.
Flat dizaynni aniqlash
Bugungi kunda "Flat dizayn" atamasi grafikada umumiy uslubiy xususiyatlarga ega bo'lgan
turli xil maqsad va vazifalarda qo'llaniladi. Flat dizayn - bu vizual ekspresif vositalardan lakonik
foydalanish tufayli raqamli mahsulotlar sohasida ko'plab namoyon bo'lgan tendentsiyadir.
Ushbu yondashuv asosidagi uyg'un soddaligi sababli ushbu atama hozirda boy dizaynning
teskarisi sifatida keng qo'llanilmoqda. Ushbu tendentsiyaga o'z nomini bergan eng diqqatga
sazovor xususiyati - bu juda realistik va batafsil skeomorfik tasvirlardan farqli o'laroq, tekis (2
o'lchovli) vizual tafsilotlardan foydalanish. Flat dizayn so'nggi yillarda jadal rivojlanib bordi va
veb-va mobil interfeyslar uchun keng va xilma-xil raqamli dizayn dasturlarini topadigan grafik
dizaynning tobora ko'proq sohalarini qamrab oldi. Ushbu yondashuv foydalanuvchi
interfeyslarining qulayligi va vizual uyg'unligini oshiradigan uslub sifatida qaralishi mumkin.
Flat dizayn tarixi
Flat dizaynining kelib chiqishi odatda shveytsariyalik uslub deb hisoblanadi. Shveytsariya
uslubi, shuningdek Xalqaro tipografik uslub yoki qisqacha Xalqaro uslub deb nomlangan bu 20-
asrning 20-yillarida paydo bo'lgan, ammo katta tanqidlarga uchragan va 1940-50-yillarda
Shveytsariyada grafika dizaynida jonli qayta tiklangan trend. yillari, bu butun dunyo bo'ylab 20-
asr o'rtalarida grafik dizaynning mustahkam poydevoriga aylandi. Ushbu ijodiy harakatning
asoschilari Jozef Myuller-Brokman va Armin Xofmannlar edi.
37. Design Is History-ga ko'ra, ushbu uslubning asosiy xususiyatlarining qisqacha tavsifi
quyidagicha: «... uslub soddaligi, o'qilishi va xolisligiga qaratilgan edi. Ushbu uslubning merosi
sans serif shriftlari, katakchalari va assimetrik maketlardan foydalanishdir. Vizual aloqa vositasi
sifatida tipografiya va fotosuratlarning kombinatsiyasi ham ajralib turadi. Asosiy nufuzli asarlar
ma'lumotlarning eng samarali vositasi hisoblangan plakatlar sifatida ishlab chiqilgan. "
Ushbu uslub bosma nashrlar uchun vizual dizayn sohasida ko'plab iboralarni olgan bo'lsa-
da: plakatlar, shtamplar, postkartalar, kitob muqovalari, jurnallar va boshqalar, raqamli dizayn
davrida, ayniqsa, foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni sohasida ufqlarini sezilarli darajada kengaytirdi.
Veb-saytlar va mobil ilovalar dizayn echimlariga ushbu minimalistik va funktsional
yondashuv uchun ajoyib va foydali istiqbolni ochdi. Uslub "Flat dizayn" deb nomlandi, u darhol
ommalashdi va grafik dizaynda yangi yo'nalishni boshladi.
Raqamli mahsulotlarda tekis foydalanuvchi interfeysining mashhurligini oshirishga birinchi
qadam Microsoft tomonidan qo'yildi, bu harakat 2000-yillarning boshlarida boshlandi va 2010
yilgi mahsulotlarda, xususan, Windows Phone 7 uchun mobil interfeyslarni ishlab chiqishda keng
tarqaldi. Flat dizaynning asosiy xususiyatlari, masalan intuitiv oddiy shakllar, qalin aniq
tipografiya, yorqin qarama-qarshi ranglar, uzun soyalar, murakkab detallar va to'qimalarning
mavjudmasligi, yaxshi qabul qilingan. Flat dizayni uchun mashhurlikning navbatdagisi 2013 yilda
bo'lib, Apple iOS 7-ni yassi grafik printsiplariga asoslanib, foydalanuvchilar uchun qulay, intuitiv
interfeyslar uchun asos sifatida chiqardi. Flat dizayndagi ba'zi bir asosiy printsiplar Google-ning
Material Design-da o'z ifodasini topgan deb aytish mumkin.
38. Shunday qilib, Flat dizaynning asosiy xususiyatlari:
• shakllar va elementlarning soddaligi;
• minimalizm;
• funksionallik;
• qalin va yaxshi o'qiladigan tipografiya;
• aniq va qat'iy vizual iyerarxiya;
• tezkor vizual idrokni ta'minlovchi, qarama-qarshi ranglarning kombinatsiyasi;
• tekstura, gradient va murakkab shakllardan saqlanish;
• geometrik yondashuvni va vizual muvozanatni qo'llash.
Yassi dizayn afzalliklari
Flat dizayni raqamli dizayndagi mashhurligi va xilma-xilligini aniqlagan bir qator
afzalliklarga ega. Eng muhimlari orasida:
• o'qish qobiliyati;
• shakllar, ranglar va shriftlar yordamida aniq vizual iyerarxiya;
• veb va mobil interfeyslarda tezkor va intuitiv navigatsiyani samarali tashkil etish;
• sezgir dizayn uchun qulay o'lchov;
• raqamli tizim uchun ahamiyatsiz yuk.
39. Yuqorida aytilganlarning barchasi bilan tekis dizayn ijodiy izlanish va uslubiy
tushunchalar uchun keng imkoniyatlar yaratadi.
Flat dizayni - amaliyotda qo'llanilishi
Bugungi kunda mavjud va rivojlanib kelayotgan dizayn tendentsiyalarining xilma-xilligi
moslashuvchanligi va badiiy erkinligi tufayli Flat dizayniga yaxshi mos keladi.
Foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni
Umumiy tartib, mantiq va o'tishlarni rejalashtirishning dastlabki bosqichlarida ham tekis
dizayn tamoyillari qo'llanilishi mumkin. Ushbu muhim bosqichda ishlatiladigan raqamli dizayn
vositalari va dasturiy ta'minotlari dasturchilarga dastur yoki veb-sahifadagi barcha ekranlar uchun
bitta tartib bilan mijozlarga va jamoalarga taqdim etish imkoniyatini beradi va hattoki ushbu asosiy
maket ham tekis dizaynga xos asosiy vizual xususiyatlarga ega. Ushbu bosqichda dizayn
qarorlarini oddiy monoxrom sxemada tez va samarali namoyish qilish uchun juda mos keladi.
40. Foydalanuvchi interfeysi dizayni
Foydalanuvchi interfeyslari, albatta, tekis dizayni uchun keng va qulay maydonga aylandi.
U o'z rivojlanishini foydalanuvchi o'zaro ta'sirining mavhum tushunchalarida ham, ko'plab original
interfeyslarda, ikonkalarda, interfeys elementlarida va rasmlarda ham topdi.
Tematik illyustratsiyalar
Bu kabi illyustratsiyalar raqamli mahsulotlar uchun qo'shimcha yordam beradi va ma'lum
bir mavzu bilan bir zumda bog'lanib, foydalanuvchilarga batafsil va estetik jozibasi jihatidan
yanada murakkabroq bo'ladi.
41. Chop etilgan rasmlar (illyustratsiyalar)
Zamonaviy Flat dizayndagi maqsadlarning xilma-xilligi va uning raqamli mahsulotlarda
tobora ommalashib borishi dizaynning boshqa sohalariga, xususan, ushbu yondashuv kelib
chiqqan plakatlar va kitob muqovalari kabi bosma mahsulotlarning dizayniga ham ta'sir ko'rsatdi.
Brendlash
Brend dizayni, shuningdek, moslashuvchanligi tufayli bugungi kunda Flat dizayn
tamoyillarini muvaffaqiyatli qo'llamoqda, chunki ko'plab mahsulotlar qurilmalarda namoyish
42. etilmoqda yoki onlayn ravishda raqamli qo'llab-quvvatlanmoqda. Brendlashdagi Flat dizayn
ko'pincha logotiplarda va dastur piktogrammalarida namoyish etiladi.
Flat dizayni haqida aytib o'tilgan barcha dalillar va afzalliklar, albatta, ushbu uslub boshqa
dizayn yondashuvlarini engib chiqishini anglatmaydi. Har qanday uslub va dizayn yo'nalishi
o'zining afzalliklari va kamchiliklariga ega. Biroq, Flat dizayn yangi istiqbollarni ochdi, ayniqsa
go'zallik va funktsionallikning uyg'un muvozanatini ta'minlaydigan maxsus echimlar sohasida.
2. Ishni bajarish tartibi
Swet home programmasida dizayn
43. Avvalo, biz foydalanadigan ranglar xaqida qaror qabul qilib olaylik.
kreslo belgisi (ikonka).
qadam. Canva dasturida yang list ochamz
48. Xulosa:
Canva bu grafik dizayn platformasi boʻlib, odamlar undan SMM
posterlar, taqdimotlar, hujjatlar va boshqa vizual ishlarni yaratishda
foydalanishadi. Saytda tayyor dizayn qoliplari mavjud. Platformani ishlatish
bepul boʻlib, qoʻshimcha imkoniyatlarni taqdim qiluvchi pullik obunalar —
Canva Pro and Canva for Enterprise ham mavjud.
Canva dasturi, onlayn dizayn va grafika tahrirlash uchun mo'ljallangan
dasturdir. Bu dastur orqali foydalanuvchilar istalgan turdagi dizaynlar
yaratishlari mumkin, shu jumladan logotiplar, plakatlar, sertifikatlar, ijro
etish kartalari va boshqa ko'plab narsalar. Canva dasturi oson va sodda
interfeysga ega bo'lib, foydalanuvchilarga bir qancha tahrirlovchi vositalar
taqdim etadi. Ushbu dastur onlayn tarzda ishlaydi va istalgan qurilmada
(kompyuter, planshet yoki smartfon) ishlatilishi mumkin.