Lecture by Prof. Hans Kaanders in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating the Cellular Response to HypoxiaMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Prof. Lorenz Poellinger in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
MAASTRO clinic is hét instituut voor radiotherapie dat de bestraling van kankerpatiënten in de provincie Limburg verzorgt.
We doen dat vanuit hoofdvestiging Maastricht en op locatie in Venlo. MAASTRO werkt intensief samen met zowel het academisch ziekenhuis Maastricht (azM) als de Universiteit Maastricht (UM).
Een samenwerkingsverband waarin we wetenschappelijk onderzoek verrichten, met o.a het azM, UM en GROW.
En dát is belangrijk om te kunnen blijven
innoveren in radiotherapie.
MAASTRO takes on cancer together with the patient and his or her relatives. Our fight against cancer is based around radiotherapy, scientific research and education. View also our general corporate presentation (on the left).The central aim of MAASTRO Clinic’s strategy is “individualised radiotherapy”. "Heading the charge for our patients!" or watch the short animation movie about Maastro's vision for cancer treatment.
Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating the Cellular Response to HypoxiaMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Prof. Lorenz Poellinger in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
MAASTRO clinic is hét instituut voor radiotherapie dat de bestraling van kankerpatiënten in de provincie Limburg verzorgt.
We doen dat vanuit hoofdvestiging Maastricht en op locatie in Venlo. MAASTRO werkt intensief samen met zowel het academisch ziekenhuis Maastricht (azM) als de Universiteit Maastricht (UM).
Een samenwerkingsverband waarin we wetenschappelijk onderzoek verrichten, met o.a het azM, UM en GROW.
En dát is belangrijk om te kunnen blijven
innoveren in radiotherapie.
MAASTRO takes on cancer together with the patient and his or her relatives. Our fight against cancer is based around radiotherapy, scientific research and education. View also our general corporate presentation (on the left).The central aim of MAASTRO Clinic’s strategy is “individualised radiotherapy”. "Heading the charge for our patients!" or watch the short animation movie about Maastro's vision for cancer treatment.
Carbonic Anhydrase IX: regulation and role in cancerMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Prof. Silvia Pastorekova in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Measuring of biological parameters of the tumor microenvironment – advantages...MAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Andreas Weltin in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Lecture by Dr. Supuran in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Lecture by Prof. Lambin in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Global & local oxygen control in in vitro systemsMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Humbert Flamm in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Tumour Hypoxia - detection and prognostic significanceMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Dr. Heidi Lyng in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Biological responses to tumor hypoxia & their potential as therapeutic targetsMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Dr. Brad Wouters in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Carbonic Anhydrase IX: regulation and role in cancerMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Prof. Silvia Pastorekova in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Measuring of biological parameters of the tumor microenvironment – advantages...MAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Andreas Weltin in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Lecture by Dr. Supuran in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Lecture by Prof. Lambin in the course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III". For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Global & local oxygen control in in vitro systemsMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Humbert Flamm in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Tumour Hypoxia - detection and prognostic significanceMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Dr. Heidi Lyng in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Biological responses to tumor hypoxia & their potential as therapeutic targetsMAASTRO clinic
Lecture by Dr. Brad Wouters in the context of the Course: "Tumour Hypoxia: From Biology to Therapy III".
For the complete e-Course see http://www.myhaikuclass.com/MaastroClinic/metoxia
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Hypoxia as a target for personalized medicine
1. ARCON for T2-4 laryngeal cancer:
a phase III randomized trial
Hans Kaanders
Department of Radiation Oncology
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
The Netherlands
2. ARCON
Accelerated Radiotherapy + CarbOgen + Nicotinamide
Tumor cell proliferation Chronic hypoxia Acute hypoxia
S
D D S S D S S S
D
S S D S S S S S D S S
D S D S S S S
D S D S S
S S D S S
S
S S
D S DS
D D S S
S
S SS S D S D S
S D S S S DS
S S S S S D S SS S
D S D D D S
S S S S D S S S
D D S D S S D S S
D D D S D S D S S S S S D
D D S D D S D S S S S
S SS D S D
S D D
S S S
SS S D S D D S S S S S S S
D
D
S S SS D D S D D
S
S S D
S SS S S D S S D
S D D SS S D S
D
S D S S SS D S
SS S D D S D S
D D D SSD S S S
S D D S
D Carbogen Nicotinamide
98% O2 + 2% CO2
Accelerated fractionation
S
D DS S D S S S
S S D S S S S S D SD
S
D S D S S S S
D S D S S
S S D S S
S
S S
S stem cell
D differentiated cell
3. ARCON in a mouse mammary carcinoma
Enhancement 2.1
ARCON
ratio at the 2
TCD50 level conventional
1.9 accelerated carbogen
- carbogen nicotinamide
1.8
relative to
conventional 1.7
conventional
radiotherapy 1.6 carbogen
in air
1.5
1.4
1.3 accelerated
1.2
1.1
1
Rojas 1996
4. ARCON, phase II trial in H&N cancer
UMC Nijmegen
Oct. 1993 – Oct. 2000
215 patients larynx: 100
Stage III-IV hypopharynx: 50
oropharynx: 52
Median follow-up:
68 months (37-127) oral cavity: 13
5. ARCON phase II trial:
high local control rates in T3-4 tumors
Local control (%)
44 patients
oropharynx
larynx
79 patients
hypopharynx
oral cavity
21 patients
12 patients
Time (months)
6. Dutch multicenter randomized trial
ARCON vs Accelerated RT
in laryngeal carcinoma
Secondary endpoints:
• larynx preservation
Primary objective: • regional control
• To improve local tumor control • toxicity
• quality of life
• disease-free survival
• overall survival
Translational side study:
Is the hypoxic status of the tumor predictive for outcome?
7. ARCON for T2-4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Randomization
Accelerated Radiotherapy Accelerated Radiotherapy
+
carbogen and nicotinamide
Fractionation schedule:
primary metastatic nodes
Acc. RT 68 Gy 68 Gy
ARCON 64 Gy* 68 Gy
*Aim: improve tumor control with equal toxicity between arms!
8. Patient characteristics (N = 345)
Standard Experimental
arm arm
Total 174 171
Female 39 30
Male 135 141
Mean age (SD) 61 (9.1) 62 (9.9)
WHO performance status
0 140 137
1 34 33
9. Tumor site and T/N-stage (UICC 1997)
Standard Experimental
arm arm
Glottic 74 74
Supraglottic 100 97
T2 (advanced) 67 55
T3 80 95
T4 27 21
N0 117 115
N1 20 23
N2 37 33
N3 - -
15. Pimonidazole: an exogenous marker of hypoxia
Hypoxic marker injection prior to biopsy
well oxygenated tumor
Immunohistochemical staining
Pimonidazole hypoxic tumor
Blood vessels
16. ARCON improves regional control in hypoxic tumors
but not local control (N = 79)
well oxygenated hypoxic
92% 93%
91%
80%
local
control
well oxygenated hypoxic
96% 100%
92%
regional 55%
control
17. ARCON vs Acc RT - Conclusions
• High local-regional control rates with ARCON and Acc RT.
• Equal levels of acute and late toxicity.
• No improvement of local tumor control rate
(4 Gy lower dose in ARCON arm).
• Significant improvement of regional control rate
(therapeutic gain).
• Oxygenation status of the primary tumor is predictive
for outcome. ARCON is only effective in hypoxic
tumors.
19. Pre-treatment Hb is associated with poor prognosis
(larynx carcinomas)
high Hb
low Hb
p = 0.007
Haugen et al., Clin Cancer Res 2004
20. Randomized trial with EPO
in H&N cancer patients with anemia
Locoregional
tumor control (%)
100
80
p = 0.04
60
placebo
40
20 Epoetin β
0
0 12 24 36 48 60 72
Time after treatment (months)
Henke et al, Lancet 2003
21. Randomized trial with blood transfusions
in H&N cancer patients with anemia (DAHANCA 5)
100
Locoregional
tumor control (%)
75
p = 0.04
50
25
0
0 12 24 36 48 60
Time after treatment (months)
Hoff et al, Radiother. Oncol. 2011
22. ARCON for T2-4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Randomization
Accelerated Radiotherapy Accelerated Radiotherapy
+
carbogen and nicotinamide
Fractionation schedule:
primary metastatic nodes
Acc. RT 68 Gy 68 Gy
ARCON 64 Gy* 68 Gy
23. Anemic patients have a worse outcome
Accelerated RT
100
80
20%
60
40
20 normal Hb
p < 0.01 low Hb
0
0 12 24 36 48 60
months
24. ARCON improves loco-regional control in anemic patients
Accelerated RT ARCON
100 100
80 80
20%
60 60
40 40
20 normal Hb 20 normal Hb
p < 0.01 low Hb low Hb
0 0
0 12 24 36 48 60 0 12 24 36 48 60
months months
26. …but not overall survival.
Accelerated RT ARCON
100 100
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 normal Hb 20 normal Hb
p < 0.01 low Hb p = 0.03 low Hb
0 0
0 12 24 36 48 60 0 12 24 36 48 60
months months
27. Other prognostic clinical parameters
lysis: N-stage
WHO performance status
Locoregional Disease-free Overall
control survival survival
Multivariate analysis
(p-value) AR ARCON AR ARCON AR ARCON
N-stage: N0 vs. N+ < .01 .11 < .01 .02 < .01 .14
Hemoglobin: low vs. normal < .01 .91 < .01 .21 .06 .02
WHO perf.: 0 vs. 1 .54 .72 .99 .67 < .01 .15
28. Other prognostic clinical parameters
lysis: N-stage
WHO performance status
Locoregional Disease-free Overall
control survival survival
Multivariate analysis
(p-value) AR ARCON AR ARCON AR ARCON
N-stage: N0 vs. N+ < .01 .11 < .01 .02 < .01 .14
Hemoglobin: low vs. normal < .01 .91 < .01 .21 .06 .02
WHO perf.: 0 vs. 1 .54 .72 .99 .67 < .01 .15
29. Pimonidazole: an exogenous marker of hypoxia
Hypoxic marker injection prior to biopsy
well oxygenated tumor
Immunohistochemical staining
Pimonidazole hypoxic tumor
Blood vessels
30. No correlation between Hb and pimonidazole…
1 Normal values
M: 8.5 – 11.0
F: 7.5 – 10.0
0.1
0.01
0.0001
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
HB (mmol/ml)
31. Effect of carbogen breathing
air breathing carbogen breathing
HF=16,3% HF=5,3%
hypoxia vessels hypoxia vessels
Ljungkvist et al., Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000
32. “Reduced cord radius theory” (D. Hirst 1986)
Normal Hb
air breathing carbogen breathing
Anemic
blood transfusion or erythropoietin
Anemic
air breathing carbogen breathing
Hirst, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1986
33. ARCON in anemic patients - Conclusions
• ARCON is the first treatment modality to demonstrate improved outcome
in anemic patients.
34. ARCON in anemic patients - Conclusions
• ARCON is the first treatment modality to demonstrate improved outcome
in anemic patients.
• But…, patients with low Hb do not have more hypoxic tumors.
35. ARCON in anemic patients - Conclusions
• ARCON is the first treatment modality to demonstrate improved outcome
in anemic patients.
• But…, patients with low Hb do not have more hypoxic tumors.
• Suggested mechanism:
- shorter O2 diffusion distances in tumors of anemic patients.
- no compensatory increase of tumor cord thickness with ARCON.
36. ARCON in anemic patients - Conclusions
• ARCON is the first treatment modality to demonstrate improved outcome
in anemic patients.
• But…, patients with low Hb do not have more hypoxic tumors.
• Suggested mechanism:
- shorter O2 diffusion distances in tumors of anemic patients.
- no compensatory increase of tumor cord thickness with ARCON.
• Other potential mechanisms:
- increased plasma flow with low hematocrit (increased effect of
carbogen, glycolytic switch).
- different effect of ARCON on red blood cell 2,3-DPG and
subsequent O2 unloading in anemic patients.
- carboxyhemoglobin deblocking by carbogen in smokers.
41. Accelerated radiotherapy can improve outcome
of high EGFR expressing tumors
Bentzen SM et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2005
42. Accelerated radiotherapy can improve outcome
of high EGFR expressing tumors
Accelerated arm of larynx study
100
75
50
25
EGFR low
EGFR high
0
0 12 24 36 48 60
months
Bentzen SM et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2005
43. ARCON can improve outcome
of low EGFR expressing tumors
100
75
AR arm 50
25
EGFR low
EGFR high
0
0 12 24 36 48 60
months
100
75
ARCON arm 50
25
EGFR low
p = 0.02 EGFR high
0
0 12 24 36 48 60
months
44. ARCON can improve LRC and DFS
of low EGFR expressing tumors
100 100
75 75
50 50
25 25
EGFR low EGFR low
p = 0.02 EGFR high p = 0.05 EGFR high
0 0
0 12 24 36 48 60 0 12 24 36 48 60
months months
45. ARCON can improve LRC and DFS
of low EGFR expressing tumors
100 100
75 75
50 50
25 25
EGFR low EGFR low
p = 0.02 EGFR high p = 0.05 EGFR high
0 0
0 12 24 36 48 60 0 12 24 36 48 60
months months
Independent prognostic factor in MV analysis (age, sex, T, N, subsite, grade, Hb, EGFR)
HR 2.43 (1.01 – 5.87), p = 0.05.
46. ARCON can improve LRC and DSS
of low EGFR expressing tumors
100 100
75 75
50 50
25 25
EGFR low EGFR low
p = 0.02 EGFR high p = 0.05 EGFR high
0 0
0 12 24 36 48 60 0 12 24 36 48 60
months months
Independent prognostic factor in MV analysis (age, sex, T, N, subsite, grade, Hb, EGFR)
HR 2.43 (1.01 – 5.87), p = 0.05.
Why are high expressing EGFR tumors resistant to ARCON?
•better defense mechanisms after “O2-shock” and simultaneous radiotherapy?
•induction of HIF-1 pathway by EGFR through hypoxia-independent mechanisms?
•more rapid activation of DNA-repair processes?
47. Acknowledgements
• Nijmegen UMC St. Radboud • Groningen UMC
G. Janssens H. Bijl
S. Rademakers
• Maastro Clinic
I. Hoogsteen
P. van den Ende
P. Span
J. Bussink • Leiden UMC
• Utrecht UMC A. Chin
Ch. Terhaard • London Mt Vernon
• Amsterdam VUMC M. Saunders
P. Doornaert
R. De Bree
Financial support:
Dutch Cooperative Head and Neck
Oncology Group
Editor's Notes
Mercury
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
Mercury
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.
The EGFR expression was limited to the cell membrane. We found a large variation of the EGFR fractions between the biopsies. Here you can see examples of tumorcells with no expression of EGFR, intermediate expression and high expression. Besides a variation in overall fractions, we also observed a variation in the intensity of the staining.
But overall, we found a good correlation between intensity and fraction EGFR. Biopsies with high overall expression also showed a mean high intensity. Therefore, patients were dichotomized in two groups based on low and high EGFR fractions and correlated with outcome. We did not found a correlation bewteen EGFR fraction and clinical parameters such as T&N stage and differentiation.