hypertention 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial Hypertention
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Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg according to the 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines. The guidelines discuss factors that influence cardiovascular risks for patients with hypertension, including categorizing 10-year risks as low, moderate, high or very high using a systematic coronary risk evaluation system.
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2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
This document provides guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension from the 2018 ESC/ESH Guideline. Some of the key changes from the previous 2013 guidelines include lowering the target systolic blood pressure to under 140 mmHg for all patients and under 130 mmHg if tolerated. For patients over 65 years old, the target is 130-139 mmHg. The diastolic target is lowered to under 80 mmHg for all patients regardless of risk factors. The guidelines also provide recommendations on confirming a diagnosis of hypertension, investigating secondary causes, assessing risk factors, monitoring blood pressure, and initiating treatment.
Hypertension Guide Lines for 2020
This document provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing hypertension, including proper blood pressure measurement techniques. It recommends using automated office blood pressure measurement as the preferred in-office method and outlines specific procedures for patient positioning, cuff size selection, and ensuring a quiet environment. It also discusses options for out-of-office monitoring like home blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to diagnose white coat hypertension or masked hypertension. The guidelines provide threshold blood pressure levels for diagnosing hypertension both in the general population and in patients with diabetes.
Hypertension management for primary health care
This lecture shows the recently updated guidelines for the management of hypertension in primary health care clinics. Moreover, it talks about secondary and resistant hypertension.
Hypertension
The document discusses hypertension, including its definition, prevalence, risk factors, categories, and guidelines for assessment and treatment. Some key points:
- Hypertension is defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg. It affects over 1 billion people globally with a prevalence of 30-45% in adults.
- Common risk factors include diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and chronic kidney disease.
- Categories range from normal BP to grade 3 hypertension based on systolic and diastolic BP levels.
- Risk assessment uses the SCORE system to estimate 10-year fatal CVD risk based on factors like age and cholesterol.
- Out-of-office BP measurements via home monitoring or amb
Hypertension 2014
The document discusses guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. It provides a history of changes to major hypertension guidelines over time, including changes in target blood pressure levels and recommendations for first-line treatment options. It also reviews compelling indications for specific antihypertensive drug classes based on concomitant diseases or conditions. The guidelines emphasize lifestyle modifications and use of diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or calcium channel blockers as preferred initial treatment options for most patients with hypertension.
2015 CHEP Hypertension Recommendations
The 2015 CHEP Recommendations document provides an annual update on evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of hypertension in Canada. Key points include:
1) Clinic blood pressures should be measured using electronic monitors rather than auscultation. The diagnosis of hypertension should be based on out-of-office measurements such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
2) The management of hypertension involves assessing global cardiovascular risk and providing vascular protection, including advising patients to quit smoking and considering medication to support smoking cessation.
3) Treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is primarily medical, as stenting offers no additional benefits over optimal medical therapy alone.
ESC/ESH 2018
The document outlines guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension from the 2018 ESC/ESH conference. It discusses definitions of hypertension, recommendations for blood pressure measurement, classifications of hypertension, screening and diagnosis, assessment of hypertension-mediated organ damage, and initiation of blood pressure-lowering treatment. Key points include defining hypertension as a blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg, outlining options for office and out-of-office blood pressure measurement, stratifying cardiovascular risk, and recommending prompt initiation of treatment for grade 2 or 3 hypertension or grade 1 hypertension with high risk or organ damage.
Hypertension- Classics Trobaugh
The document provides a history of hypertension as a disease entity and how it has been measured and treated over time. It discusses early papers linking hypertension to increased mortality and the evolution of guidelines from JNC 1 through JNC 8. JNC 8 simplified treatment recommendations, advising initiating treatment for those over 60 at 150/90 mmHg and for all others at 140/90 mmHg. It reviewed evidence from trials supporting these recommendations. JNC 8 also recommended thiazide-type diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors or ARBs as initial treatment options based on trials comparing different drug classes.
Recommended
2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
This document provides guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension from the 2018 ESC/ESH Guideline. Some of the key changes from the previous 2013 guidelines include lowering the target systolic blood pressure to under 140 mmHg for all patients and under 130 mmHg if tolerated. For patients over 65 years old, the target is 130-139 mmHg. The diastolic target is lowered to under 80 mmHg for all patients regardless of risk factors. The guidelines also provide recommendations on confirming a diagnosis of hypertension, investigating secondary causes, assessing risk factors, monitoring blood pressure, and initiating treatment.
Hypertension Guide Lines for 2020
This document provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing hypertension, including proper blood pressure measurement techniques. It recommends using automated office blood pressure measurement as the preferred in-office method and outlines specific procedures for patient positioning, cuff size selection, and ensuring a quiet environment. It also discusses options for out-of-office monitoring like home blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to diagnose white coat hypertension or masked hypertension. The guidelines provide threshold blood pressure levels for diagnosing hypertension both in the general population and in patients with diabetes.
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This lecture shows the recently updated guidelines for the management of hypertension in primary health care clinics. Moreover, it talks about secondary and resistant hypertension.
Hypertension
The document discusses hypertension, including its definition, prevalence, risk factors, categories, and guidelines for assessment and treatment. Some key points:
- Hypertension is defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg. It affects over 1 billion people globally with a prevalence of 30-45% in adults.
- Common risk factors include diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and chronic kidney disease.
- Categories range from normal BP to grade 3 hypertension based on systolic and diastolic BP levels.
- Risk assessment uses the SCORE system to estimate 10-year fatal CVD risk based on factors like age and cholesterol.
- Out-of-office BP measurements via home monitoring or amb
Hypertension 2014
The document discusses guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. It provides a history of changes to major hypertension guidelines over time, including changes in target blood pressure levels and recommendations for first-line treatment options. It also reviews compelling indications for specific antihypertensive drug classes based on concomitant diseases or conditions. The guidelines emphasize lifestyle modifications and use of diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or calcium channel blockers as preferred initial treatment options for most patients with hypertension.
2015 CHEP Hypertension Recommendations
The 2015 CHEP Recommendations document provides an annual update on evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of hypertension in Canada. Key points include:
1) Clinic blood pressures should be measured using electronic monitors rather than auscultation. The diagnosis of hypertension should be based on out-of-office measurements such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
2) The management of hypertension involves assessing global cardiovascular risk and providing vascular protection, including advising patients to quit smoking and considering medication to support smoking cessation.
3) Treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is primarily medical, as stenting offers no additional benefits over optimal medical therapy alone.
ESC/ESH 2018
The document outlines guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension from the 2018 ESC/ESH conference. It discusses definitions of hypertension, recommendations for blood pressure measurement, classifications of hypertension, screening and diagnosis, assessment of hypertension-mediated organ damage, and initiation of blood pressure-lowering treatment. Key points include defining hypertension as a blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg, outlining options for office and out-of-office blood pressure measurement, stratifying cardiovascular risk, and recommending prompt initiation of treatment for grade 2 or 3 hypertension or grade 1 hypertension with high risk or organ damage.
Hypertension- Classics Trobaugh
The document provides a history of hypertension as a disease entity and how it has been measured and treated over time. It discusses early papers linking hypertension to increased mortality and the evolution of guidelines from JNC 1 through JNC 8. JNC 8 simplified treatment recommendations, advising initiating treatment for those over 60 at 150/90 mmHg and for all others at 140/90 mmHg. It reviewed evidence from trials supporting these recommendations. JNC 8 also recommended thiazide-type diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors or ARBs as initial treatment options based on trials comparing different drug classes.
Hypertension by Dr. Mohib Ali
Hypertension is defined as blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. The document outlines classifications of hypertension and discusses essential vs secondary causes. Target organ damage from hypertension can include heart, brain, eyes and kidney effects. Lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise and limiting alcohol/sodium can help control blood pressure. Medications recommended as first-line include ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers or thiazide diuretics depending on age. Treatment goals are under 140/90 mmHg with stricter goals for diabetics or those with kidney disease. Multiple drug classes may be needed and lifestyle changes should continue throughout management.
Hypertension guidelines ESH ESC 2013
This document summarizes guidelines from the ESH/ESC 2013 on hypertension. It defines classifications of blood pressure levels and goals for treatment. It emphasizes ambulatory blood pressure monitoring which provides more measurements outside of the medical environment. Lifestyle changes like reducing salt intake, weight loss, and exercise are recommended initially for several months. Drug treatment is advised based on blood pressure level and cardiovascular risk factors. Combination drug treatment may be used for high-risk patients. Renal denervation is noted as a promising but unproven therapy requiring more study on safety and efficacy.
Hypertension
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Diagnosis management of_hypertension
This document discusses diagnosis and management of hypertension. Key points include:
1) Nearly all adults aged 55 or older will develop hypertension in their lifetime if their current blood pressure is normal. Controlling hypertension reduces health risks.
2) Many Americans have untreated or uncontrolled hypertension despite available treatments. Lifestyle modifications and multiple drug classes are often needed to control blood pressure.
3) Accurate blood pressure measurement and evaluation for secondary causes and target organ damage are important for diagnosis. Initial treatment involves lifestyle changes and single drug therapy. Most patients require two or more drugs from different classes to control hypertension.
Hypertension
Hypertension is defined as high blood pressure that is linked to increased long-term health risks. The document discusses guidelines for classifying blood pressure levels and outlines the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension worldwide. It also summarizes the risks and complications of hypertension if left untreated, including heart, brain, kidney, and eye damage, and emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications and drug therapy to reduce complications.
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This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and lists its learning objectives. It describes the epidemiology, classification, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and management of hypertension. Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Accurate measurement over multiple visits is important for diagnosis. Evaluation of patients with hypertension includes establishing baseline blood pressure, identifying secondary causes, checking for target organ damage, and determining other risk factors. Symptoms are usually absent, but may include headache or signs of end organ damage.
Hypertension
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. Blood pressure is expressed using two measurements - systolic and diastolic pressures. For most adults, normal blood pressure is within the range of 100-130 mmHg systolic and 60-80 mmHg diastolic. High blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications and medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to damage of vital organs and increase risk of
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The document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure) as a major public health problem and risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Some key points:
- Hypertension affects over 50 million Americans and 1 billion people worldwide. It is the leading cause of preventable death.
- Even small reductions in blood pressure of 2-5 mmHg can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events like stroke and heart disease.
- Lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise, weight control and limiting alcohol/sodium can help prevent and control hypertension. The DASH diet in particular has been shown to lower blood pressure.
- Guidelines recommend treating hypertension based on risk factors and blood pressure levels, starting with lifestyle changes and adding drug therapy as needed.
Guias esh 2013
The document provides guidelines from the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology on the management of arterial hypertension. It defines blood pressure levels and categories of hypertension. It also outlines strategies for evaluating patients with hypertension, including measuring office and out-of-office blood pressure, performing a medical history and physical exam, and ordering initial laboratory tests and further diagnostic tests as needed to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension, detect secondary causes, and assess cardiovascular risk.
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Hypertension
This document provides an overview of hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and normal blood pressure readings. It discusses factors that influence blood pressure like heart rate, vascular resistance, and fluid volume. It covers the etiology, epidemiology, types (essential, secondary, malignant, isolated systolic, resistant), signs and symptoms, and pathophysiology involving the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin system, and fluid volume regulation. It also addresses the diagnosis, complications, and management of hypertension through both non-pharmacological (lifestyle modifications, diet) and pharmacological (ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers) approaches.
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This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and provides normal and elevated blood pressure readings. It describes the types and causes of primary and secondary hypertension. It discusses the risk factors, mechanisms, diagnosis, clinical presentation, complications and treatment of hypertension, including lifestyle modifications and medication options. The overall goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure levels to lower the risks of complications like stroke, heart disease and kidney failure.
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hypertension and coronary artery disease
1. The new guidelines recommend treating hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) aggressively to reduce cardiovascular risk.
2. For stable CAD, the target blood pressure is <140/90 mmHg, or <130/80 mmHg for those at high risk, using a regimen including a beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and diuretic. For ACS, the target is <140/90 mmHg acutely or <130/80 mmHg upon discharge.
3. For heart failure of ischemic origin, treatments shown to improve outcomes - including ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, and
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This document summarizes guidelines from the ESH/ESC 2013 on hypertension. It defines classifications of blood pressure levels and goals for treatment. It emphasizes ambulatory blood pressure monitoring which provides more measurements outside of the medical environment. Lifestyle changes like reducing salt intake, weight loss, and exercise are recommended initially for several months. Drug treatment is advised based on blood pressure level and cardiovascular risk factors. Combination drug treatment may be used for high-risk patients. Renal denervation is noted as a promising but unproven therapy requiring more study on safety and efficacy.
Hypertension
Hypertension (HTN) is a major health problem known as the "silent killer" due to its asymptomatic nature. It is classified by the ACC/AHA and other guidelines into normal, elevated, stage 1, and stage 2 categories based on systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings. HTN can be primary (essential) or secondary to other medical conditions and is a leading cause of heart disease and stroke. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise, and weight loss as well as antihypertensive medications like thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and calcium channel blockers, often in combination therapy. Medication and treatment goals depend on the severity and type of HTN as
Diagnosis management of_hypertension
This document discusses diagnosis and management of hypertension. Key points include:
1) Nearly all adults aged 55 or older will develop hypertension in their lifetime if their current blood pressure is normal. Controlling hypertension reduces health risks.
2) Many Americans have untreated or uncontrolled hypertension despite available treatments. Lifestyle modifications and multiple drug classes are often needed to control blood pressure.
3) Accurate blood pressure measurement and evaluation for secondary causes and target organ damage are important for diagnosis. Initial treatment involves lifestyle changes and single drug therapy. Most patients require two or more drugs from different classes to control hypertension.
Hypertension
Hypertension is defined as high blood pressure that is linked to increased long-term health risks. The document discusses guidelines for classifying blood pressure levels and outlines the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension worldwide. It also summarizes the risks and complications of hypertension if left untreated, including heart, brain, kidney, and eye damage, and emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications and drug therapy to reduce complications.
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Hypertension diagnosis and management involves screening for high blood pressure, classifying a patient's blood pressure, assessing for secondary causes and target organ damage, evaluating cardiovascular risk factors, and setting treatment targets. The document discusses Malaysian clinical practice guidelines for hypertension, including definitions of optimal, normal, prehypertension and hypertension classifications. It also outlines the initial assessment, investigations and management of hypertension.
Hypertension Management - ESC/ESH 2018 guidelines
Hypertension - historical perspective, landmark trails, measurement of hypertension, management of hypertension according to ESC/EHS 2018 guidelines
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How low to aim for, and Which antihypertensive medications to use.
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Three large international hypertension trials involving over 80,000 patients will improve understanding of hypertension management. The trials compare different drug classes and treatment strategies. They found that diuretics are as effective as newer drugs in lowering blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular events. The trials also showed tight blood pressure control, below 130/80 mmHg, provides better outcomes.
L3..hypertension
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and lists its learning objectives. It describes the epidemiology, classification, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and management of hypertension. Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Accurate measurement over multiple visits is important for diagnosis. Evaluation of patients with hypertension includes establishing baseline blood pressure, identifying secondary causes, checking for target organ damage, and determining other risk factors. Symptoms are usually absent, but may include headache or signs of end organ damage.
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Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. Blood pressure is expressed using two measurements - systolic and diastolic pressures. For most adults, normal blood pressure is within the range of 100-130 mmHg systolic and 60-80 mmHg diastolic. High blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/80 or 140/90 mmHg. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications and medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to damage of vital organs and increase risk of
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The document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure) as a major public health problem and risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Some key points:
- Hypertension affects over 50 million Americans and 1 billion people worldwide. It is the leading cause of preventable death.
- Even small reductions in blood pressure of 2-5 mmHg can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events like stroke and heart disease.
- Lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise, weight control and limiting alcohol/sodium can help prevent and control hypertension. The DASH diet in particular has been shown to lower blood pressure.
- Guidelines recommend treating hypertension based on risk factors and blood pressure levels, starting with lifestyle changes and adding drug therapy as needed.
Guias esh 2013
The document provides guidelines from the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology on the management of arterial hypertension. It defines blood pressure levels and categories of hypertension. It also outlines strategies for evaluating patients with hypertension, including measuring office and out-of-office blood pressure, performing a medical history and physical exam, and ordering initial laboratory tests and further diagnostic tests as needed to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension, detect secondary causes, and assess cardiovascular risk.
Hypertension - Approach & Management
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Hypertension
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This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and provides normal and elevated blood pressure readings. It describes the types and causes of primary and secondary hypertension. It discusses the risk factors, mechanisms, diagnosis, clinical presentation, complications and treatment of hypertension, including lifestyle modifications and medication options. The overall goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure levels to lower the risks of complications like stroke, heart disease and kidney failure.
Hypertension
Systemic hypertension is a long-lasting increase in blood pressure. Primary (essential) hypertension has no known cause, while secondary hypertension is caused by another underlying disease. According to guidelines, the prevalence of hypertension increases with age, affecting over 60% of those over 70 years old. The JNC 7 classification simplified earlier systems, categorizing blood pressure into four levels of severity. Higher blood pressure levels correspond to greater risk of cardiovascular diseases like heart failure and stroke. Antihypertensive treatment can significantly reduce this risk by lowering blood pressure. Evaluation of hypertensive patients considers lifestyle factors, risks, and screening for related diseases to guide treatment.
hypertension and coronary artery disease
1. The new guidelines recommend treating hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) aggressively to reduce cardiovascular risk.
2. For stable CAD, the target blood pressure is <140/90 mmHg, or <130/80 mmHg for those at high risk, using a regimen including a beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor or ARB, and diuretic. For ACS, the target is <140/90 mmHg acutely or <130/80 mmHg upon discharge.
3. For heart failure of ischemic origin, treatments shown to improve outcomes - including ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, and
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7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
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- 1. Hypertension 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension European Heart Journal (2018) Published by European society of cardiology
- 2. • Definition of hypertension •Hypertension is defined as office SBP values >_140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) values >_90 mmHg.
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