Av Leif Inge Magnussen - Senterleder ved Senter for beredskap og krisehåndtering ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (HSN). Presentasjonen er fra seminar om integrert krisehåndtering 11.3.2016.
Emergency Management and Interaction during Crises – in Maritime Context.Pr...Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Av Jarle Løwe Sørensen, under seminar om integrert krisehåndtering 11.3.2016. Jarle er høgskolelektor og stipendiat ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (HSN).
Emergency Management and Interaction during Crises – in Maritime ContextHøgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Prosjektets hovedmål er å øke og utvikle forståelsen av norsk tverrsektorielt samarbeid og samvirke i maritime kriser. Av forsker Jarle Løwe Sørensen ved senter for beredskap og integrert krisehåndtering ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (HSN)
https://usn.no/sbik
• «Samvirke i maritimt krisearbeid»
o Doktorgradsprosjekt. Målet er å kartlegge graden av opplevd samvirke i maritimt krisearbeid. Datainnsamling vil foregå gjennom intervjuer. Det forventede resultatet er å kunne si noe om graden av tverrsektoriell samvirke i maritime kriser.
Sidsel Kari Solbrække (HSN) ønsker velkommen til Senter for beredskap og inte...Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Velkommen til åpning av «Senter for beredskap og integrert krisehåndtering» og Fagseminar om integrert krisehåndtering 11. mars 2016 ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge.
Emergency Management and Interaction during Crises – in Maritime Context.Pr...Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Av Jarle Løwe Sørensen, under seminar om integrert krisehåndtering 11.3.2016. Jarle er høgskolelektor og stipendiat ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (HSN).
Emergency Management and Interaction during Crises – in Maritime ContextHøgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Prosjektets hovedmål er å øke og utvikle forståelsen av norsk tverrsektorielt samarbeid og samvirke i maritime kriser. Av forsker Jarle Løwe Sørensen ved senter for beredskap og integrert krisehåndtering ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge (HSN)
https://usn.no/sbik
• «Samvirke i maritimt krisearbeid»
o Doktorgradsprosjekt. Målet er å kartlegge graden av opplevd samvirke i maritimt krisearbeid. Datainnsamling vil foregå gjennom intervjuer. Det forventede resultatet er å kunne si noe om graden av tverrsektoriell samvirke i maritime kriser.
Sidsel Kari Solbrække (HSN) ønsker velkommen til Senter for beredskap og inte...Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge
Velkommen til åpning av «Senter for beredskap og integrert krisehåndtering» og Fagseminar om integrert krisehåndtering 11. mars 2016 ved Høgskolen i Sørøst-Norge.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. Hva er Integrert krisehåndtering?
Krisehåndtering er innsatser rettet mot negative hendelser som truer vår
velferd
Kriser kan oppstå ved:
Ulykker
Havarier
Naturkatastrofer
Tilsiktede angrep
sammenbrudd av infrastruktur og vitale forsyningssystemer
Krisers natur følger ikke sosiale struktur eller organisatoriske, regionale
og nasjonale grenser
For å kunne håndtere kriser er det behov for tverrsektoriell samvirke
3. Om Senter for beredskap og integrert
krisehåndtering
Senteret er nytt og har et fokus på samhandling i
en beredskapskontekst.
Formålet til senteret er å aktualisere aktuelle
problemstillinger, samt skape nettverk mellom:
regionale og nasjonale aktører
offentlige og kommersielle virksomheter
frivillige/ humanitære organisasjoner og offentlige
myndigheter
fagmiljøer på HSN og interessenter fra andre universitet
og høgskoler
4. Ambisjon
Å inspirere til forskning og utvikling innen
krisehåndterings- og beredskapsfeltet
identifisere forskningsområder
knytte sammen praktikere og forskere i prosjekter som skal
gi nytteverdi og utvikle samvirkeøvelser i ulike
krisekontekster
vektlegge evidensskapende forskning knyttet til
krisehåndtering og øvelser
støtte utdanning på bachelor-, master- og doktorgradsnivå
Sentret bygger på frivillighet, tverrfaglighet
og utvikling!
5. Program fram til 13:00
Gjesteforeleser: Professor Glenn-Egil Torgersen, FHS
Kriseberedskap og «Det ukjente» (DU)
Jarle Løwe Sørensen – Høgskolelektor og stipendiat, HSN
Emergency Management and Interaction during Crises – in Maritime Context. Presentasjon av forskning ved HSN
Eric Carlström – Professor II - Health and Crisis management, HSN
“Samvirke mellom kriseorganisasjoner i krise og ved øvelser”
Leif Inge Magnussen – Førsteamanuensis innen ledelse og organisasjonsfag og førsteamanuensis
II ved Hærens Krigsskole
Diskusjon på tema: Hvordan kan samhandling styrkes under beredskap og ved kriser?
Avslutning og Lunsj
7. Sorbmegaisa
Alternative descent 1:
A steeper alternative is to
ski down the bowl
between the two ascent
alternatives. It gives great
options in choosing
steeper descent
alternatives. But be
aware, the angle
(inclination) is sufficient
to create avalanches.
(Kolderup et al., 2011,
Toppturer i Norge)
8. The Accident
• A group of twelve
people, ten guests, two
mountain guides
• Six persons buried by the
avalanche
• One person survived
(partly buried – to the
neck)
• Five persons deceased,
including a mountain
guide
ENORMT SNØSKRED: Seks personer i turfølget ble tatt av snøskredet mandag
ettermiddag. Kun én overlevde. Foto: Jan Arild Hansen / Framtid i Nord
Photo: www.vg.no
9. Chronology
• 14.30: Avalanche was reported to the
police
• 15.00: Organized rescue is at site
• 15.20: Group with three other Mountain
Guides arrives and starts digging, several
victims were buried at a depth of 5-6
meters.
• 16.00: Shouting from surviving skier are
heard
• 18.30: All casualties are dug out
• 21.00: All rescue personnel (a total of 220
pax, 50 persons in the avalanche area)
are out of the area and their mission
ended
Photo: www.vg.no
10. «Samvirkeprinsippet
Myndigheter, virksomheter og etater har et
selvstendig ansvar for å sikre et best mulig samvirke
med relevante aktører og virksomheter i arbeidet
med forebygging, beredskap og krisehåndtering.»
Hva skal «vi» forske på og hva kan «vi» samarbeide
om?
- Hvorfor virker samvirket godt i Vestfold?
- Øvelser (Effekter?, evaluering, læring)
- Sammenhenger mellom beredskap og
krisehåndtering – Operasjonalisering av DU
- Språket vi bruker under samvirke? DARF, PBHB
- Hva fungerer – hva skal vi gjøre mer av og hva skal
vi gjøre mindre av?
- Samsvar i planverk, plananalyser
- Forskningssøknader
- Osv
11. Neste seminar – 22. September
Ny forskning og erfaring i beredskapsfeltet
• Oppfølging av sårbarhetsutvalget – Hva er status?
• Mass gatherings, - erfaringer med implikasjoner for beredskap og
trening
• Fenomenet skolemassakre - belyst med aktuelt case fra Sverige
• Beslutningsprosesser ved ulykker langs kysten – AMK som case
• Behov for mer forskning? – Diskusjon
13. Preliminary NGI report
There will be an English version available soon
at source: www.snoskred.no
Avalanche area inspected on
Wednesday 21.03.12, report by
Brattlien and Sandersen;
Norwegian Geotechnical Institute
(NGI)
Inclination at photo: 36 degrees
Firstly the area of the victimised was mapped. The six persons taken by the
avalanche were found spread over 530 meters (between the upper and lower
person found in the avalanche). The slide area was between 50 and two hundred
meters wide.
14. Preliminary NGI report
• Observations indicates that the 4 persons buried in the bottom of the avalanche
were buried at depths of 3-6 meters. The two persons higher up in the
mountainside were not buried that deep, one of them to the neck.
• The avalanche continued ahead of the area of the victims and down to a lake,
where it broke the ice and slush continued further.
• The avalanche halted at an altitude of approximately 600 meters, vertical fall of
avalanche was 570 meters, slide inclination from top down 21,6 degrees. The
avalanche runout was about two kilometers.
• Near the top, the shear (bruddkant) was up to two meters high, at an angle of 36
degrees.
• Avalanche was triggered by a weak and very loose layer of faceted crystals
(begerkrystaller) that probably collapsed. This layer was about 5 cm thick and was
found between two layers of ice crust (skarelag).
15. Preliminary NGI report
• Skiing tracks from the group were traversing towards [climbers] left, just
above the 2 m high shear. Tracks went onwards for 200 meters. At this
point the fracture line was only 10 cm thick, increasing fast to 1,5 meters,
and at an angel of 32 degrees
• The shear «spread» [bruddforplantningen] may have started here and
resulted in an avalanche spread 200-400 meters on both sides at the same
height
• It is approximately 20 different fracture lines that is not connected along
the side of the mountain. The shear spread contributed to the extent of the
avalanche
• It is assumed that the people involved in the avalanche where distributed
along the face when the avalanche started. One of the victims utilized ABS,
and was found at 6 meters, second from the bottom of the avalanche
16. Videos from inspection by NGI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DZPTVsxhgk&list=UUMy9SdaGsyY-
bvo5LudBR0w&index=1&feature=plpp_video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BTS8X0-F_o&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYPiYZfrCd4&feature=relmfu
17. Some comments/evaluation from Brattlien
NGI (unofficial statements, e-mail)
• I have tried to figure out where the different skiers were when the avalanche
started. I have no clear answers. I assume that some were further down the slope
than others. Maybe the guide and one of the guests were halfway down when
the avalanche started???
I do not know whether the skiers at the bottom or at the top triggered the
avalanche.
A short summary of the factors that caused the accident:
- Avalanche risk was too high to ski in such a steep terrain
- The terrain formed a terrain trap, with fatal consquences of an avalanche
• «Pattern of descent» made 6 persons exposed at the same time
• The last 6 persons were also going into the same area, had they skied one minute
before more people would have been caught by the avalanche
• I am puzzled by the decisions and choices made by the guides