The document provides a history of human rights, beginning with documents like the Magna Carta in 1215 and declarations of rights in the American and French revolutions. It discusses how human rights became an international concern after World War II and how human rights were introduced in the Philippines, including in the Malolos Constitution of 1899. The document then outlines the scope and nature of human rights, including that they are inherent, universal, inalienable, indivisible, and interdependent. It provides examples of historical events in the Philippines that prompted protecting human rights, such as periods of colonial rule, martial law, and recent drug wars and conflicts. The document concludes with a summary of a Supreme Court case that found human rights to
This document defines and categorizes human rights. It begins by providing definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights, emphasizing rights to life, dignity and self-development. It then lists the basic characteristics of human rights as inherent, fundamental, inalienable, etc. The document proceeds to categorize human rights such as political rights, democratic rights, rights to life and liberty, equality rights, and economic and social rights. It concludes by outlining the origin of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to post-WWII constitutions.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document defines key human rights concepts and outlines their history and sources. It discusses definitions of human rights from various individuals and organizations. Some key points include: human rights are inherent and inalienable; they include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. The document traces the development of human rights from the Enlightenment era through revolutions in America and France. It also discusses the UN Declaration of Human Rights and international covenants that form the basis of international human rights law.
Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law. I have chosen this article because it best encapsulates the balance between individual liberty and the common good that is essential in a just society.
This document discusses the Bill of Rights and classification of rights in the Philippines constitution. It outlines 22 sections of the Bill of Rights which guarantee various civil, political, and legal rights to citizens such as the right to life, liberty, due process, privacy, speech, religion, bail, speedy trial, and prohibition of ex post facto laws. It also discusses the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines beginning in the 1890s and the inclusion of civil and political rights in the 1935 and 1987 constitutions. The summary provides an overview of the key topics and rights covered in the document.
The document provides an introduction to the study of government. It discusses the importance of studying government, defines what constitutes a state, and outlines different theories on the origin of states. It also describes various forms of government such as monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. The document then summarizes key principles and policies outlined in the 1987 Philippine Constitution, including human rights protections and the structure of the Philippine government.
The document discusses why civics is important to study, including understanding one's rights and responsibilities, the role of government, the economic system, and international relations. It then provides information on civic life, the American political system's foundation in the Constitution, the levels and functions of government in America, and the principles of American democracy like rule of law and consent of the governed.
This document defines and categorizes human rights. It begins by providing definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights, emphasizing rights to life, dignity and self-development. It then lists the basic characteristics of human rights as inherent, fundamental, inalienable, etc. The document proceeds to categorize human rights such as political rights, democratic rights, rights to life and liberty, equality rights, and economic and social rights. It concludes by outlining the origin of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to post-WWII constitutions.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document defines key human rights concepts and outlines their history and sources. It discusses definitions of human rights from various individuals and organizations. Some key points include: human rights are inherent and inalienable; they include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. The document traces the development of human rights from the Enlightenment era through revolutions in America and France. It also discusses the UN Declaration of Human Rights and international covenants that form the basis of international human rights law.
Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law. I have chosen this article because it best encapsulates the balance between individual liberty and the common good that is essential in a just society.
This document discusses the Bill of Rights and classification of rights in the Philippines constitution. It outlines 22 sections of the Bill of Rights which guarantee various civil, political, and legal rights to citizens such as the right to life, liberty, due process, privacy, speech, religion, bail, speedy trial, and prohibition of ex post facto laws. It also discusses the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines beginning in the 1890s and the inclusion of civil and political rights in the 1935 and 1987 constitutions. The summary provides an overview of the key topics and rights covered in the document.
The document provides an introduction to the study of government. It discusses the importance of studying government, defines what constitutes a state, and outlines different theories on the origin of states. It also describes various forms of government such as monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. The document then summarizes key principles and policies outlined in the 1987 Philippine Constitution, including human rights protections and the structure of the Philippine government.
The document discusses why civics is important to study, including understanding one's rights and responsibilities, the role of government, the economic system, and international relations. It then provides information on civic life, the American political system's foundation in the Constitution, the levels and functions of government in America, and the principles of American democracy like rule of law and consent of the governed.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like moral theory and social justice theory. The lecture also covers civil and political rights like freedom of speech versus social, economic, and cultural rights like education and healthcare.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like moral theory and social justice theory. The document also outlines civil and political rights like freedom of speech, as well as social, economic, and cultural rights like the right to education.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like the moral theory and social justice theory. The document also outlines some early influential documents on rights like the Magna Carta, Petition of Rights, and Habeas Corpus Act.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like indivisibility and non-discrimination. Theories of human rights are explored, including moral theory, social justice theory and structured theory. Civil and political rights as well as social, economic and cultural rights are defined.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like the moral theory and social justice theory. The lecture also outlines civil and political rights like freedom of speech alongside social, economic, and cultural rights such as the right to education.
This document summarizes several ancient and historical documents related to human rights:
- The Code of Ur-Nammu (2100-2050 BC) was one of the earliest known law codes, establishing capital punishment and proportional consequences. It showed a stratified Sumerian society.
- Hammurabi's Code (c. 1750 BC) contained 282 laws with specific punishments and established the accused's right to prove innocence.
- Religious texts like the Vedas, Bible and Quran outlined early human rights concepts like duties and responsibilities.
- The Magna Carta (1215) limited kingly power and influenced constitutional law in English-speaking countries. Later documents like the English Bill
The document provides a history of the evolution of human rights from ancient Greek and Roman concepts of natural law and rights to modern international agreements like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It discusses influential documents like the Magna Carta, French Declaration of Rights of Man, American Bill of Rights, and how they established principles of equality, liberty, and rule of law. The UN Charter established respect for human rights as a core purpose and led to the UDHR in 1948, which defined basic civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for all people.
The document defines human rights as those inherent rights that allow people to live as human beings, such as the right to life, dignity, and self-development. It discusses the basic characteristics of human rights, including that they are inherent, fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It also categorizes human rights into various types, such as political rights, democratic rights, mobility rights, rights to life and liberty, equality rights, economic and social rights, workers' rights, and rights of minorities and indigenous groups.
Human Rights are those basic standards without which people cannot Human rights could be generally defined as those rights which are inherent in outs which we cannot live as human beings.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of human rights from ancient codes of law to modern international agreements and bodies. It discusses the origins and foundations of basic human rights beginning in the 17th century with documents like the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and U.S. Declaration of Independence. Following World War II, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 to establish civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights for all. Since then, the UN has drafted over 80 instruments to further protect rights and established various bodies to monitor compliance.
The document outlines a course on human rights education. It covers 10 topics including fundamental concepts of human rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and human rights legal frameworks in the Philippines and internationally. It also discusses the classification of human rights according to source, aspect of life, derogability, and generations proposed by Karel Vasak. The three principles of human rights - universality, indivisibility, and interdependence - are explained.
Report gonzales and lasam filipino grievances against governor woodRechie Gonzales
The document summarizes 21 grievances that Filipino representatives lodged against Governor General Leonard Wood, accusing him of usurping powers and undermining Filipino autonomy. It served as an impeachment request for Wood, who reversed America's policy of developing the Philippines for the benefit of the Filipino people. It protests Wood's arbitrary acts like refusing assent to laws, appointing Americans over qualified Filipinos, and undermining the legislature. It was approved by the Commission on Independence in 1926 as a formal complaint against Wood's authoritarian governance.
The document summarizes 21 grievances that Filipino representatives had against Governor Leonard Wood of the Philippine Islands in the 1920s. It alleges that Wood engaged in a pattern of arbitrary and unconstitutional acts, including refusing to assent to laws passed by the Philippine legislature, appointing Americans over qualified Filipinos, interfering in the administration of justice, and attempting to exploit Philippine resources for foreign interests. It serves as an official protest against Wood's actions and a request for his impeachment, arguing that he reversed America's policy of developing the Philippines for the benefit of the Filipino people and curtailed their autonomy.
This document discusses individual rights and liberty. It begins by defining individual rights as liberties that allow individuals to pursue life and goals without interference from others or the government. Examples include rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It then discusses the difference between negative and positive liberty. Negative liberty refers to freedom from restrictive government actions or interference from others, while positive liberty involves having the capacity and resources to exercise meaningful choice. The document also covers the historic roots of individual rights in countries like the US, UK, and France, including key documents like the US Bill of Rights and discussions of liberty from philosophers like John Stuart Mill, Isaiah Berlin, and Rousseau. It concludes by briefly mentioning individual rights and liberties as addressed in
This document provides a historical overview of the development of human rights from ancient civilizations to the modern era. It discusses early codes of law from Mesopotamia, Greece, and Rome that established some basic rights but excluded many groups. Key documents that outlined fundamental rights include the English Bill of Rights of 1689, the US Declaration of Independence of 1776, and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen from 1789. The aftermath of World War 2 led to the founding of the United Nations in 1945 to promote and protect human rights globally.
Business law for the students of undergraduate level. The presentation contains the summary of all the chapters under the syllabus of State University, Contract Act, Sale of Goods Act, Negotiable Instrument Act, Partnership Act, Limited Liability Act, Consumer Protection Act.
Receivership and liquidation Accounts
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Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptxMasoudZamani13
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This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like moral theory and social justice theory. The lecture also covers civil and political rights like freedom of speech versus social, economic, and cultural rights like education and healthcare.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like moral theory and social justice theory. The document also outlines civil and political rights like freedom of speech, as well as social, economic, and cultural rights like the right to education.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like the moral theory and social justice theory. The document also outlines some early influential documents on rights like the Magna Carta, Petition of Rights, and Habeas Corpus Act.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like indivisibility and non-discrimination. Theories of human rights are explored, including moral theory, social justice theory and structured theory. Civil and political rights as well as social, economic and cultural rights are defined.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like being indivisible and non-discriminatory, and theories behind human rights like the moral theory and social justice theory. The lecture also outlines civil and political rights like freedom of speech alongside social, economic, and cultural rights such as the right to education.
This document summarizes several ancient and historical documents related to human rights:
- The Code of Ur-Nammu (2100-2050 BC) was one of the earliest known law codes, establishing capital punishment and proportional consequences. It showed a stratified Sumerian society.
- Hammurabi's Code (c. 1750 BC) contained 282 laws with specific punishments and established the accused's right to prove innocence.
- Religious texts like the Vedas, Bible and Quran outlined early human rights concepts like duties and responsibilities.
- The Magna Carta (1215) limited kingly power and influenced constitutional law in English-speaking countries. Later documents like the English Bill
The document provides a history of the evolution of human rights from ancient Greek and Roman concepts of natural law and rights to modern international agreements like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It discusses influential documents like the Magna Carta, French Declaration of Rights of Man, American Bill of Rights, and how they established principles of equality, liberty, and rule of law. The UN Charter established respect for human rights as a core purpose and led to the UDHR in 1948, which defined basic civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for all people.
The document defines human rights as those inherent rights that allow people to live as human beings, such as the right to life, dignity, and self-development. It discusses the basic characteristics of human rights, including that they are inherent, fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It also categorizes human rights into various types, such as political rights, democratic rights, mobility rights, rights to life and liberty, equality rights, economic and social rights, workers' rights, and rights of minorities and indigenous groups.
Human Rights are those basic standards without which people cannot Human rights could be generally defined as those rights which are inherent in outs which we cannot live as human beings.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of human rights from ancient codes of law to modern international agreements and bodies. It discusses the origins and foundations of basic human rights beginning in the 17th century with documents like the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and U.S. Declaration of Independence. Following World War II, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 to establish civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights for all. Since then, the UN has drafted over 80 instruments to further protect rights and established various bodies to monitor compliance.
The document outlines a course on human rights education. It covers 10 topics including fundamental concepts of human rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and human rights legal frameworks in the Philippines and internationally. It also discusses the classification of human rights according to source, aspect of life, derogability, and generations proposed by Karel Vasak. The three principles of human rights - universality, indivisibility, and interdependence - are explained.
Report gonzales and lasam filipino grievances against governor woodRechie Gonzales
The document summarizes 21 grievances that Filipino representatives lodged against Governor General Leonard Wood, accusing him of usurping powers and undermining Filipino autonomy. It served as an impeachment request for Wood, who reversed America's policy of developing the Philippines for the benefit of the Filipino people. It protests Wood's arbitrary acts like refusing assent to laws, appointing Americans over qualified Filipinos, and undermining the legislature. It was approved by the Commission on Independence in 1926 as a formal complaint against Wood's authoritarian governance.
The document summarizes 21 grievances that Filipino representatives had against Governor Leonard Wood of the Philippine Islands in the 1920s. It alleges that Wood engaged in a pattern of arbitrary and unconstitutional acts, including refusing to assent to laws passed by the Philippine legislature, appointing Americans over qualified Filipinos, interfering in the administration of justice, and attempting to exploit Philippine resources for foreign interests. It serves as an official protest against Wood's actions and a request for his impeachment, arguing that he reversed America's policy of developing the Philippines for the benefit of the Filipino people and curtailed their autonomy.
This document discusses individual rights and liberty. It begins by defining individual rights as liberties that allow individuals to pursue life and goals without interference from others or the government. Examples include rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It then discusses the difference between negative and positive liberty. Negative liberty refers to freedom from restrictive government actions or interference from others, while positive liberty involves having the capacity and resources to exercise meaningful choice. The document also covers the historic roots of individual rights in countries like the US, UK, and France, including key documents like the US Bill of Rights and discussions of liberty from philosophers like John Stuart Mill, Isaiah Berlin, and Rousseau. It concludes by briefly mentioning individual rights and liberties as addressed in
This document provides a historical overview of the development of human rights from ancient civilizations to the modern era. It discusses early codes of law from Mesopotamia, Greece, and Rome that established some basic rights but excluded many groups. Key documents that outlined fundamental rights include the English Bill of Rights of 1689, the US Declaration of Independence of 1776, and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen from 1789. The aftermath of World War 2 led to the founding of the United Nations in 1945 to promote and protect human rights globally.
Business law for the students of undergraduate level. The presentation contains the summary of all the chapters under the syllabus of State University, Contract Act, Sale of Goods Act, Negotiable Instrument Act, Partnership Act, Limited Liability Act, Consumer Protection Act.
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Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptxMasoudZamani13
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Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
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3. Origin of Human Rights
Men revolted against the concept
of the "Divine Right of Kings."
In the Middle Ages in the 1215, Magna
Carta was delivered by King John.
The Americans revolting against
the English King in 1776 declared
their own Bill of Rights.
The French in 1789 proclaimed the
Declaration of the Rights of Man where
it was declared that all men are born
free and equal and affirmed the
inalienable rights of man.
These arose from
the struggle of man
against injustices of
despotic rulers.
Eventually most democratic
countries adopted in their
respective constitutions their
own Bill of Rights.
4. Famous Documents in History that contained concepts of Human Rights
Magna Carta of 1215 First English Constitution delivered by King John, it
guaranteed personal liberties and civil rights
Bill of Rights of 1689
This document asserted by the Americans revolting from
English that all men by nature are fully free and
independent and have inherent rights such as :
• enjoyment of life and liberty;
• the means of acquiring and possessing of properties; and
• obtaining happiness.
This document guaranteed freedom from cruel and unusual
punishment and excessive fines which was laid down by the
Revolutionaries of England.
Bill of Rights of 1776
Rights of Man 1789 This document declared that all men are born free and
equal affirmed the inalienable rights of men.
5. The struggle of
the respect of
human rights was
initially a domestic
or national issue.
…but atrocities committed on mass of people during
the World War II convinced international jurists
that protection of human rights should be an
international concern.
How Human Rights Became an International Concern
6. How Was Human Rights Introduced in the Philippines
Jose Rizal wrote
about the abuses of
the Spanish
authorities in his
books and he was
executed for it.
Since 1896 the educated
Filipinos were already aware
of the American and English
Bill of Rights, and the Malolos
Constitution was adopted in
1899.
The Malolos Constitution
contained provisions that
guaranteed:
• freedom from arbitrary
arrest and detention;
• freedom from searches
and seizures;
• freedom to choose
domicile and;
• freedom of religion.
7. Historical Events in the Philippines which Prompted the Filipinos to
Protect and Promote Human Rights
Colonial Spanish Regime
Military Rule of Japan
from 1942-1944
Martial Law of President
Marcos
8. Historical Events in the Philippines which Prompted the Filipinos to
Protect and Promote Human Rights
Under Aquino, new
political detainees
again begin to fill
the jails.
In addition, military operation
intensified creating tens of
thousands of internal
refugees throughout the
country, in the late 1980s.
On another ominous note,
extra-judicial killing
continued and leading
activists were
assassinated by military
elements under the
Aquino Presidency.
9. Historical Events in the Philippines which Prompted the Filipinos to
Protect and Promote Human Rights
Estrada government with the
1998 declaration of War against
the Moro peoples in Mindanao-Sulu.
When Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo came to power
Members of legal political organizations such
as Bayan, Bayan Muna and the human rights
group Karapatan were targeted for arrest
and in some instances summary execution.
10. Historical Events in the Philippines which Prompted the Filipinos to
Protect and Promote Human Rights
Under the
government of
Rodrigo Duterte.
The war on drugs
Siege of Marawi in 2017
The declaration of Martial Law in
Mindanao
12. Scope of Human Rights
Civil Rights Civil rights are the rights which the law will enforce at the instance
of individuals without discrimination for the enjoyment of their lives,
liberty and means of happiness
Political Rights
They are generally stated as positive undertakings or obligations of
the government to ensure economic well being of the people.
Political rights are especially catering to the right to participate
directly or indirectly in the establishment or administration of
government. Political rights are rights to enable people to participate
in running the affairs of the government.
Social Rights
Economic Rights To promote high standard of living, full enjoyment and conditions of
economic and social progress and development.
Cultural Rights Rights that aim at assuring the enjoyment of culture and its
components in conditions of equality, human dignity and non
discrimination
13. Nature of Human Rights
INHERENT UNIVERSAL INALIENABLE
INDIVISIBLE INTERDEPENDENT
14. Nature of Human Rights
They attach to the
person as soon as he
or she is born.
They are our
birthright
No laws are necessary in
order for us to possess
or enjoy them.
15. Nature of Human Rights
UNIVERSAL
All human beings, regardless of
race, color, sex, language, religion,
national or social origin, or status,
are equally entitled to them.
The human rights of Filipinos
are the same as those of other
Asians, Europeans, or people of
other races.
16. Nature of Human Rights
INALIENABLE
They cannot be taken away
from us without due
process of law.
17. Nature of Human Rights
INDIVISIBLE
INTERDEPENDENT
They cannot be divided or compartmentalized.
Neither can they be ranked
in hierarchical order because
they have equal status as
rights and are intrinsically
linked to each other.
18. Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organizaton vs. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc.,
G.R. No.L-31195, 5 June 1973
The petitioner Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organization (PBMEO) is a legitimate
labor union composed of the employees of the respondent Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc., and
petitioners are officers and members of the petitioner Union. Petitioners claim that on March 1,1969,
they decided to stage a mass demonstration at Malacañang on March 4, 1969, in protest against
alleged abuses of the Pasig police, to be participated in by the workers in the 1st—3rd shifts (6am-
2pm, 7am-4am, 8am-5pm); and that they informed the respondent Company of their proposed
demonstration. Despite the pleas of the respondent Company that the first ship workers should not be
required to participate in the demonstration, a charge against petitioners and other employees who
composed the first ship, charging them with a "violation of Section 4(a)-6 in relation to Sections 13
and 14, as well as Section 15, all of Republic Act No. 875, and of the CBA providing for “No Strike
and No Lockout”.
Facts:
19. Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organization vs. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc.,
G.R. No.L-31195, 5 June 1973
The respondent Court, (CIR), ruled against herein petitioner, PBMEO, guilty of bargaining in
bad faith and found the 8 officers as directly responsible for perpetrating the said unfair labor practice
and were, as a consequence, considered to have lost their status as employees of the
respondent Company. Further, motion for reconsideration by PBMEO was denied due to the
prescription period of the filing of the said motion (procedural basis). Hence, this petition.
Facts:
Issues:
Whether the human rights—freedom of expression, of peaceful assembly and of petition for redress
of grievances—of the petitioners have been violated.
20. Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organization vs. Philippine Blooming Mills Co., Inc.,
G.R. No.L-31195, 5 June 1973
Yes, freedom of expression, of peaceful assembly and of petition for redress of grievances—
of the petitioners have been violated by the respondent Court and Company.
The rights of free expression, free assembly and petition, are not only civil rights but also
political rights essential woman's enjoyment of his life… In a democracy, the preservation and
enhancement of the dignity and worth of the human personality is the central core as well as the
cardinal article of faith of our civilization.
Property and property rights can be lost thru prescription; but human rights are
imprescriptible. In the hierarchy of civil liberties, the rights of free expression and of assembly occupy
a preferred positon as they are essential to the preservation and vitality of our civil and political
institutions; and such priority "gives these liberties the sanctity and the sanction not permitting
dubious intrusions."
Ruling: