This document contains responses to 5 questions about HTML, XML, the commercialization of the internet, and email protocols. It describes how HTML uses tags to format documents and was developed by Tim Berners-Lee. It compares XML and HTML, noting differences in case sensitivity, tag requirements, and nesting. It discusses how the internet was commercialized through TCP/IP, trade shows, and companies incorporating internet technology. Finally, it compares the POP and IMAP email protocols, describing advantages and disadvantages of each for different access situations.

1. Lida Mae Labial
BSBA/4th
year
1. Describe in two paragraphs the origin of HTML. Explain how mark-up tags work in HTML, and
describe the role of at least one person involved with HTML’s development.
Answer: HTML is used to indicate how documents should be formatted, a coding system where it
contains a text file containing tags that is used by web browsers to format a document, display multimedia
objects and creates hyperlinks. Further, according to (1995), HTML uses special characters or sequences
of characters to indicate structure, formatting or other often hidden aspects of a text. One of the people
involved in the development of HTML is Berners Lee , who envision an independent computer
platform to have a common language for easier communication to be scattered world-wide (“”, 1996)
Mark-up tags works in HTML as it defines what format to apply or what action to make. There
are 3 basic types of tags in any mark-up language: structural markup, stylistic markup and the descriptive
markup. All of which are to be used to specify the structure of document, specifically alter appearance of
some elements and the description of the nature of the content of an HTML document.
2. In about 400 words, describe the similarities and differences between XML and HTML. Provide
examples of at least two situations in which you would use XML and two situations in which you would
use HTML.
A preview of HTML has already been given; let us now describe the nature of XML. XML is a
way of making markup languages that simply describes a text. Founded in 1998, it was developed as a
subset of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and was created to provide management of
information on the web and databases, publishing documents and the usage of business-to-business (B-to-
B) dealings. XML and HTML languages may have had similarities but they differ in many respects.

2. Among the differences between XML and HTML is that in regards to the case sensitivity, in HTML is it
not very particular in terms of the case wherein in XML it very particular and the type of case typed
would matter. There are also differences in the use of the tags wherein in HTML not all tags need both an
opening and a closing tag but in XML all tags must have an opening and closing tag and would complain
if not properly closed. In HTML there is no need for a outermost tag whereas in XML one outermost tag
will be required to enclose all the others. There is no need for formal nesting in HTML; however, in
XML there is a need for all tags to be nested properly. In short, HTML is a forgiving language although
due to its forgiving nature, it may at times cause confusions to web browsers such that there is not much
specifications in the tags and XML, on the other hand is generally strict since is does not negotiate any
missing or mismatched tags.
The use of HTML may be more recommendable in some situations and in some situations, XML
may be more recommendable to use. An example in the use of XML would be, in the use of open
applications group that includes the leading business software companies wherein they would be required
to develop document type definitions to make business transactions application reliable. XML can also
be used in financial institutions such as banks in the creation of knowledge systems and third-party
service providers. Meanwhile, an example of HTML use would be, it is very useful for distance learning
students as a means of learning communications method in which they can have access to the web sites
essential for their learning and as a means that they can keep track with course. Another example, closely
related to the first example is that it can be used as a research material and updated information essential
to keep up with the latest developments especially in the field of science and technology.
4. What were the main forces that led to commercialization of internet?
The concept of internet begins with the vision set by of MIT in 1962 about his "
Network" concept. (a packet-switching network), was introduced in 1969 whose aims was the process of
information sharing among researchers but the impact of the project benefited a bigger scale and its

3. functions and applicability has also increased. In 1983, came up with TCP/IP and were then hook-
up to the connected machines. The commercialization of internet flourish as some of the companies
incorporated internet technology with the development of their products. It was in 1988 the first Interop
trade show was born that proved the interoperability of the use of internet link into business.
5. In about 200 words, compare the POP e-mail protocol to the IMAP e-mail protocol. Describe
situations in which you would prefer to use one protocol or the other and explain the reasons.
POPand IMAP Modwest allows users to access their email using either POP (Post Office Protocal) or
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol). Most modern email clients (Outlook, Entourage, Thunderbird,
and Apple Mail) support both of these protocols.
POP (POP3)
The advantages:
 POP is somewhat simpler to manage. If you see a message,it is on your computer.
 You can view all of your messages even if you are not connected to the internet.
 More software supports the POP protocol.
The disadvantages:
 If you download a message it is only available on that computer.
 You cannot access your account if someone else is accessing it at the same time.
POP is often best if you are only going to view the messages from a single computer and your Internet
connection is not always available.
Instructions for configuring Outlook Express using POP that include pictures and screenshots.
Instructions for configuring Entourage 2004 using POP that include pictures and screenshots.
IMAP
The advantages:
 Messages reside on the mail server. Therefore:
o You can view these messages from any computer with your web browser.
o If selected, we create archivalbackups of these messages daily.
 You can move messages from one IMAP account to another IMAP account,or from the mail
server to your personal computer.
The disadvantages:

4.  Unless you move messages to your local computer, you can only view your messages while
connected to the internet.
 Storing messages on the server will use some of your hosting disk space
For me I will use both protocol so I can have choices or another way to view my file if there is
unexpected problems with those protocols.