Peter Drucker suggested that corporate objectives should cover eight key areas: market standing, innovation, productivity, physical and financial resources, profitability, management, employees, and public responsibility. The document then discusses the basic factors to consider when starting a business, including selecting a line of business, determining the business size, choosing an ownership form, selecting a location, financing, physical facilities, plant layout, workforce, tax planning, and launching the enterprise. It provides details on each of these factors.

1. ‘Management by Cycling Around’
shown in the Movie “Intern”
How to Start Your own Business

2. Area Examples
1.Market standing Market share, customer satisfaction, product range
2.Innovation New products, better processes, using technology
3.Productivity Optimum use of resources, focus on core activities
4.Physical &
Financial Resources
Factories, business locations, finance, supplies
5.Profitability Level of profit, rates of return on investment
6.Management Management structure; promotion & development
7.Employees Organisational structure; employee relations
8.Public
Responsibility
Compliance with laws; social and ethical behavior
Peter Drucker suggested that corporate
objectives should cover eight key areas:

3. Peter
Ferdinand
Drucker
was an Austrian-
American
management
consultant,
educator, and
author,
whose writings
contributed to
the
philosophical
and practical
foundations of
the modern
business
corporation.

4. The basic
factors to be
considered
while starting a
business.

5. How to
Start
Your own
Business

6. Professor & Lawyer
Puttu Guru Prasad
B.Com., M.Com., M.Phil., M.B.A., PGDFTM., AP.SET.,
M.Phil., DRMS., L.L.B., ICFAI TMF., DIRM., L.L.M.,
Pre PhD (PhD)from JNTUK.,
“Diploma in Psychology from YALE
University”
MHRDI’s IIC Ambassador
NSS Certified Program Officer, (A.U)
Senior Faculty for Business Studies, Economics, Accounts
Head, Board of Administration & Management Science,
Bhagavad Gita & CLAT Program Coordinator,
Commerce Department, VIVA-VVIT, Nambur,
My Blog: puttuguru.blogspot.in

7. Important Topics from Chapter 1, Foundation
of Business and History of Trade and Commerce
1.1 Introduction, 1.7.2 Auxiliaries To Trade,
1.2 Concept Of Business, 1.8 Objectives Of Business,
1.3 Characteristics Of Business
Activities,
1.8.1 Multiple Objectives Of
Business,
1.4 Comparison Of Business,
Profession And Employment,
1.8.2 Business Risks, Pure &
Speculative, Human Errors
1.5 Classification Of Business Activities, 1.9 Nature Of Business Risks,
1.6 Industry 1.9.1 Causes Of Business Risks,
1.7 Commerce,
1.7.1 Trade,
1.9.2 Starting A Business —
Basic Factors

8. Professor & Lawyer
Puttu Guru Prasad

9. Peter
Ferdinand
Drucker
was an Austrian-
American
management
consultant,
educator, and
author,
whose writings
contributed to
the
philosophical
and practical
foundations of
the modern
business
corporation.

11. Management
By
Waking Around
Management
By
Cycling Around

12. ‘Management by Cycling Around’
shown in the Movie “Intern”

13. Area Examples
1.Market standing Market share, customer satisfaction, product range
2.Innovation New products, better processes, using technology
3.Productivity Optimum use of resources, focus on core activities
4.Physical &
Financial Resources
Factories, business locations, finance, supplies
5.Profitability Level of profit, rates of return on investment
6.Management Management structure; promotion & development
7.Employees Organisational structure; employee relations
8.Public
Responsibility
Compliance with laws; social and ethical behavior
Peter Drucker suggested that corporate
objectives should cover eight key areas:

14. Importance of Profit in the Business

15. A BUSINESS MUST EARN ADEQUATE PROFITS BECAUSE
OF THE FOLLOWING REASONS:-
• 1. Interest on Capital – 30%
• 2. Business expenses – 20%
• 3. Salaries to the employees--- 30%
• 4. Shop Electricity and Maintenance Expenses— 10%
• 5. GST, Income tax, Corporation Tax and other etc - 25%
• 6. Profit sharing to partners or Share holders---- 20%
• 7. Capital savings for future expansion of Business— 25%
• 8. Insurance expenses for Risk Coverage--- 20%
• 9. Health insurance , Pension, Gratuity, Retirement benefits and perks to the employees—20%
• 10. Advertisement expenses---20%
• 11. Stock points, Transportation , Octroi Tax expenses– 20%
• 12. Discounts and Bumper Offers (1+1) to the customers--- 15%
• 13. Pilferage , Damage, obsolete, evaporation , ware and tear --15%
• 14. Renovation expenses– 20%
• 15. Contingency expenses – 30%
• TOTAL = 300% So if you sell a product you have to add all these expenses to the
cost , If the cost of the product Rs.100 you have to add 300% as margin. The sale
price is 100+300= Rs.400.

16. The basic
factors to be
considered
while starting a
business.

17. 1.9.2 Starting a Business
• Basic Factors Starting a business enterprise is similar
to any other human effort in which resources are
employed to achieve certain objectives.
•Successful results in business depend largely upon the
ability of the entrepreneurs or the starters of a new
business to anticipate problems and solve them with
minimum cost.
• This is especially true of the modern business world
where competition is very tough and risks are high.
Some of the problems, which business firms
encounter, are of a basic nature.

18. •For example, to start a factory, plans must be made
and implemented about such problems as the
location of the business, the possible number of
customers, the kind and amount of equipment, the
shop layout, purchasing and financing needs, and
hiring of workers.
•These problems become more complex in a big
business. However, some of the basic factors,
which must be considered by anybody who is to
start the business are as follows:
1.9.2 Starting a Business

19. The basic factors to be considered
while starting a business
• (1) Selection of line of business:
• (2) Size of the firm:
• (3) Choice of form of ownership:
• (4) Location of business enterprise:
• (5) Financing the proposition:
• (6) Physical facilities:
• (7) Plant layout:
• (8) Competent and committed worked force:
• (9) Tax planning:
• (10) Launching the enterprise:

20. 1.9.2 Starting a Business
• (i) Selection of line of business: The first thing to be decided by any
entrepreneur of a new business is the nature and type of business to be
undertaken. He will obviously like to enter that branch of industry and
commerce, which has the possibility of greater amount of profits. The
decision will be influenced by the customer requirements in the market and
also the kind of technical knowledge and interest the entrepreneur has for
producing a particular product.
Industry Small Scale Industry
Large Scale Industry
Service Sector

21. • (ii) Size of the firm: Size of the firm or scale of its operation is another
important decision to be taken at the start of the business. Some factors
favour a large size whereas others tend to restrict the scale of operation. If
the entrepreneur is confident that the demand for the proposed product is
likely to be good over time and he can arrange the necessary capital for
business, he will start the operation at a large scale. If the market
conditions are uncertain and risks are high, a small size business would be
better choice.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

22. • (iii) Choice of form of ownership: With respect to ownership, the
business organisation may take the form of a sole proprietorship,
partnership, or a joint stock company. Each form has its own merits
and demerits. The choice of the suitable form of ownership will
depend on such factors as the line of business, capital requirements,
liability of owners, division of profit, legal formalities, continuity of
business, transferability of interest and so on.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

23. • (iv) Location of business enterprise: An important factor to be considered at
the start of the business is the place where the enterprise will be located. Any
mistake in this regard can result in high cost of production, inconvenience in
getting right kind of production inputs or serving the customers in the best
possible way. Availability of raw materials and labor; power supply and
services like banking, transportation, communication, warehousing, etc., are
important factors while making a choice of location.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

25. 1.9.2 Starting a Business
• (v) Financing the proposition: Financing is concerned with providing
the necessary capital for starting as well as for continuing the proposed
business.
• Capital is required for investment in fixed assets like land, building,
machinery and equipment and in current assets like raw materials, book
debts, stock of finished goods, etc.
• Capital is also required for meeting day-to-day expenses.
•Proper financial planning must be done to
determine
• (a) the requirement of capital, (Anticipation)
• (b) source from which capital will be raised and ( Acquiring )
• (c) the best ways of utilizing the capital in the firm. (Allocation)

27. (vi) Physical facilities: Availability of physical facilities including
machines and equipment, building and supportive services is a very
important factor to be considered at the start of the business. The
decision relating to this factor will depend on the nature and size of
business, availability of funds and the process of production.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

28. 1.9.2 Starting a Business
• (vii) Plant layout: Once the requirement of physical facilities has been
determined, the entrepreneur should draw a layout plan showing the
arrangement of these facilities. Layout means the physical arrangement of
machines and equipment needed to manufacture a product.

29. • (viii) Competent and committed worked force: Every enterprise needs
competent and committed work force to perform various activities so that
physical and financial resources are converted into desired outputs. Since
no individual entrepreneur can do everything himself, he must identify
the requirement of skilled and unskilled workers and managerial staff.
Plans should also be made about how the employees will be trained and
motivated to give their best performance.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

30. •(ix) Tax planning: Tax planning has
become necessary these days because
there are a number of tax laws in the
country and they influence almost every
aspect of the functioning of modern
business.
•The founder of the business has to
consider in advance the tax liability under
various tax laws and its impact on
business decisions.
1.9.2 Starting a Business

34. 1.9.2 Starting a Business
•(x) Launching the enterprise: After the
decisions relating to the above mentioned
factors have been taken, the entrepreneur can
go ahead with actual launching of the
enterprise which would mean mobilizing
various resources, fulfilling necessary legal
formalities, starting the production process
and initiating the sales promotion campaign.

36. How to
Start
Your own
Business

38. Professor & Lawyer
Puttu Guru Prasad

39. Professor & Lawyer
Puttu Guru Prasad
B.Com., M.Com., M.Phil., M.B.A., PGDFTM., AP.SET.,
M.Phil., DRMS., L.L.B., ICFAI TMF., DIRM., L.L.M.,
Pre PhD (PhD)from JNTUK.,
“Diploma in Psychology from YALE
University”
MHRDI’s IIC Ambassador
NSS Certified Program Officer, (A.U)
Senior Faculty for Business Studies, Economics, Accounts
Head, Board of Administration & Management Science,
Bhagavad Gita & CLAT Program Coordinator,
Commerce Department, VIVA-VVIT, Nambur,
My Blog: puttuguru.blogspot.in

41. Professor & Lawyer
Puttu Guru Prasad