![T]$T]l,GX )Gm]GA9AGBp](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/howtobeahitonyoutube-220423045155/85/How-to-Be-a-Hit-on-YouTube-pdf-1-320.jpg)
![a,;)a$a,B
]GR])XT
)TXa;]X
píĥ]ĥ‰¦
)Gm]G](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
More Related Content
Featured
Featured (20)
How to Be a Hit on YouTube.pdf
- 3. ),]GB Å¥ġđÅ Ōù¥ó …ė· Ù…đġŮœ ·ġùėå œġđÅşóùėå ƎġŮ ĈġƇÅ mT,]]B
- 4. p pGa]a
- 5. oRT] ,B
- 8. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ć uâō¾ŷŚâ ęsðĜ ³ ºēĄs Ä„ sęsðĜ hBĜe ³Äðs ĄœBº ËĢĢ œÄēðô Ä„ ę hsÄ Bðs ēÖªÄBhsh ĄÄ =Äē3ēSsÜ ; Ąœ ³Äðs ĄœBº B S ªª ĺ ēº åēs ēôsðô sęsðĜ ³ÄºĄœe Ąíô Ąœs Ąœ ðh ³ÄôĄ ēôsh ĚsSô Ąs ĺ Ąœs ÖªBºsĄ B„Ąsð ÄÄ‘ªs ôsBð]œ Bºh B]sSÄÄ©Ü ºh Ą ðsB]œsô Bª³ÄôĄ sęsðĜ ]ÄēºĄðĜ ĺ Ąœs ÖªBºsĄe Ě Ąœ xĢÛ Ä„ Ąô ĄðB„„ ] ]ij º‘ „ðij ÄēĄô hs Ąœs 51Ü ;œBĄíô ³Äðse Ąíô ºÄĚ SĜ „Bð Ąœs ³ÄôĄ ³ÖÄðĄBºĄ ĚBĜ ÖsÄÖªs „ ºh ę hsÄ ]ĺĄsºĄd º „B]Ąe „ ĜÄē Ąœ º© Ä„ Ą Bô B ôsBð]œ sº‘ ºse Ąíô ôs]ĺh ĺªĜ ĄÄ ÄÄ‘ªs Ąôsª„Ü „ ĜÄē ĚBºĄ ĄÄ ]ðsBĄs ę hsÄ ]ĺĄsºĄ Bºh œBęs ÖsÄÖªs „ ºh Ąe =Äē3ēSs ô Ąœs SsôĄ ĺª ºs ôsðę ]s BðÄēºh ~ Bºh Ss]Bēôs =Äē3ēSs ô ôēÖÖÄðĄsh SĜ BhęsðĄ ô º‘e Ąíô ÖÄôô Sªs ĄÄ ³B©s ³ÄºsĜ „ðij Ą ĄÄÄÜ 3œsðs Bðs œēºhðshô Ä„ =Äē3ēSs êôĄBðôë ‘ªÄSBªªĜ ³B© º‘ ô ěž„ ‘ēðs B³ÄēºĄô „ðij Ąœs ð ]œBººsªôe Ě Ąœ ôijs Ä„ Ąœs SsôĄ ]œBººsªô sB𺠺‘ ³ē]œ ªBð‘sð ôē³ôÜ ³BĄsēðô ĚœÄ ôĄBðĄsh ÄēĄ ]ðsBĄ º‘ ª ĄĄªs ÖðÄ‘ðB³³sô „Äð Ąœs³ôsªęsô Bºh Ąœs ð „ð sºhô œBęs sºhsh ēÖ åē ĄĄ º‘ Ąœs ð hBĜ ¨ÄSô Bºh ÖðÄhē] º‘ =Äē3ēSs ]ĺĄsºĄ „ēªªžĄ ³se Ě Ąœ ÄÄ‘ªs ‘ ę º‘ Ąœs³ Ąœs ôĄBĄēô Ä„ .BðĄºsð ]œBººsªô Bºh ÖðÄ³ÄĄ º‘ Ąœs³ ôĄ ªª „ēðĄœsðÜ 3œs B ³ Ä„ Ąœ ô SÄÄ© ô ĄÄ ‘ ęs ĜÄē Ąœs ĄÄĪô ĜÄē ºssh ĄÄ ôĄBðĄ ĺ Ąœs ðÄBh ĄÄ =Äē3ēSs ôē]]sôôe ĚœsĄœsð ĜÄēíðs Bº BôÖ ð º‘ ÖðsôsºĄsðe Äð ¨ēôĄ ĚBºĄ ĄÄ ]ðsBĄs ę hsÄ ĄÄ ÖðÄ³ÄĄs B Sēô ºsôôÜ Ą ĚÄºíĄ Ąsªª ĜÄē sęsðĜĄœ º‘ BSÄēĄ ³B© º‘ ‘ðsBĄ ę hsÄôe SēĄ Ą Ě ªª œsªÖ ĜÄē ēºhsðôĄBºh Ąœs ĚBĜô ĜÄē ]Bº Ss‘ º ĄÄ ³B©s ]ĺĄsºĄ ĄœBĄ ĚÄð©ô ĺ =Äē3ēSsÜ 0s³s³Ssðe =Äē3ēSs ôºíĄ Ąsªsę ô ĺd ĚœBĄ ªÄÄ©ô S𠪪 BºĄ ĺ 3: ³BĜ ºÄĄ BªĚBĜô hÄ ôÄ Ěsªª ĺª ºsÜ Ą Ě ªª œsªÖ ĜÄē „ ‘ēðs ÄēĄ ĚœsĄœsð ĜÄēð hsB „Äð B ]œBººsª Ě ªª B]ĄēBªªĜ Ss ÖÄÖēªBðe Bºh ĄB©s ĜÄē ĄœðÄē‘œ ]ðsBĄ º‘ ĄÜ =Äēíªª BªôÄ „ ºh ÄēĄ œÄĚ ĄÄ ēôs =Äē3ēSs „sBĄēðsô ôē]œ Bô BººÄĄBĄ ĺôe ]Bªªô ĄÄ B]Ą ĺ Bºh ]BÖĄ ĺô ĄÄ ©ssÖ ÖsÄÖªs ĚBĄ]œ º‘ ĜÄēð ]ĺĄsºĄÜ ;síªª BªôÄ ªÄÄ© BĄ Ąœs ôs]ðsĄô ĄÄ ‘sĄĄ º‘ ĄÄ Ąœs ĄÄÖ Ä„ ôsBð]œ ĺ =Äē3ēSsd ĚœBĄ Ě ªª ³B©s ĜÄēð ę hsÄô ðBº© œ ‘œsðe Bºh œÄĚ ĄÄ sº]ÄēðB‘s ēôsðô ĄÄ ]ª ]© ĺ ĜÄēð ę hsÄ º ôsBð]œ ðsôēªĄôÜ ;síªª ôĄēhĜ Ąœs BðĄ Ä„ ôsĄĄ º‘ B ÖðÄ‘ðB³³se Bºh œÄĚ ĄÄ ©ssÖ ÖsÄÖªs ]ij º‘ SB]© ĄÄ ĜÄēð ]œBººsª „Äð ³ÄðsÜ ºBªªĜe Ěsíªª BªôÄ ]Äęsð Bªª Ąœs h „„sðsºĄ ĚBĜô ĜÄē ]Bº ³B©s ³ÄºsĜ „ðij =Äē3ēSse ªÄÄ© º‘ ºĄÄ Ąœs ęBð Äēô Bh „Äð³BĄô ĄœBĄ ]Äēªh Ąēðº ĜÄēð ]œBººsª „ðij B œÄSSĜ ºĄÄ B ª ę º‘Ü ;s œÄÖs ĜÄē sº¨ÄĜ Ąœ ô SÄÄ© ~ Bºh ĄœBĄ ĜÄē ]ijs BĚBĜ „ðij Ą ºôÖ ðsh ĄÄ ĄB©s Ąœs „ ðôĄ ôĄsÖ ĄÄ ]ðsBĄ º‘ ĜÄēð ÄĚº ôē]]sôô„ēª =Äē3ēSs ]œBººsªÜ 1E ee_1- 1ƒť âȔȔâǩŀÏģâ Ļƒǯ ¦ââť ȹǩŀȔŀťģ ƒ¦ŷȱȔ Ȕâ¾ĻťŷōŷģȻ ăŷǩ ȦɃ ȻâƒǩǯÉ ƒťÏ Ļƒǯ ȹŷǩŌâÏ ŷť ¾ŷťȔâťȔ ǯȔǩƒȔâģȻ ăŷǩ ǯŷŚâ ŷă ȔĻâ ōƒǩģâǯȔ yŷȱeȱ¦â ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ŀť ȔĻâ i=Ʒ
- 9. IEeEea IC yIiei /1e ŷťȔâťȔǯ ĻƒƨȔâǩ žÆ uĻƒȔ ŀǯ yŷȱeȱ¦âNj ç /ŷȹ Ïŷ ƨâŷƨōâ ȱǯâ yŷȱeȱ¦âNj ŽĈ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ȤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤǬ žȦ ĻƒťťâōǯÉ ȸŀÏâŷǯ ƨōƒȻōŀǯȔǯ KĈ£ȞƘ ɉŤĈ È£ȤŪà ÈɦŪŽñŪƘŌ ÈŽƬàŻȤǬ žȂ _ƒťŌŀťģǯÆ ȹĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ yŷȱeȱ¦â ǯâƒǩ¾Ļ Ȕŀ¾Ō 6Ĉɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ɉƬǝ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ Ȟ£ƘŻŪƘŌȤǬ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ȦÆ CƒŌŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ȦȦ uĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ ƒ ģǩâƒȔ ¾ĻƒťťâōNj KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ÈɦŪŽñ £ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹǬ ȦĘ uĻƒȔ ŌŀťÏ ŷă ¾Ļƒťťâō ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱ ŚƒŌŀťģNj ŤƬƬȤĈ £ ɉƬǝŪà £Ƙñ ɉ£ȞŌĈɉ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈǬ Ȧç ǩâƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōÆ ƒǩȔ Ïâǯŀģť sĈɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ ȞĈȤɉǬ ȖȦ ǩâƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōÆ Ïâǯ¾ǩŀƨȔŀŷť ōŀťŌǯ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ȤĈŽŽŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ȖȂ yŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ǯȱ¦ǯ¾ǩŀ¦âÏȌ ȱťǯȱ¦ǯ¾ǩŀ¦âÏ ȸŀâȹǯ |ȤĈ ɉŤŪȤ ɉƬƬŽ ɉƬ Ō£ŪƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤǬ ĘɃ aâ¾Ȕŀŷťǯ ŷť Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ƨƒģâ |ȤĈ ȤĈàɉŪƬƘȤ ɉƬ ƬȞŌ£ƘŪȤĈ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ȖÆ CƒŌŀťģ ģǩâƒȔ ȸŀÏâŷ ĘĘ eĻâ Ȕŷŷōǯ Ȕŷ ŚƒŌâ ƒ ģǩâƒȔ ȸŀÏâŷ O£ŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ŽƬƬŻ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£ŽǬ Ęç ƒƨȔŀȸƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ƒȱÏŀâť¾â HĈĈǝ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ ćȦ ƒōōǯ Ȕŷ ƒ¾Ȕŀŷť jȞƬƌǝɉ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ƌƬȞĈǬ ćȂ ťťŷȔƒȔŀŷťǯ KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ƬɳĈȞŽ£ɹ ɉĈɷɉǬ ȂȦ ƒƨȔŀŷťŀťģ $ɷɉĈƘñ ɉŤĈ ȞĈ£àŤ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ȂĘ ƒƨȔȱǩŀťģ ȸŀÏâŷ ăǩŷŚ ƒť w¦ŷȺ pĈàƬȞñ ŪƘŧŌ£ƌĈ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈ £Ȥ ɹƬɦ ǝŽ£ɹǬ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ĘÆ [ǩŷģǩƒŚŚŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō Ȃç uĻƒȔ ŀǯ ƨǩŷģǩƒŚŚŀťģNj O£ȤɉĈȞ ɉŤŪȤ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ ǷɃ aâȔȔŀťģ ƒ ǯ¾ĻâÏȱōâ HĈĈǝ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ àƬƌŪƘŌ È£àŻ ȞĈŌɦŽ£ȞŽɹǬ ǷĘ eŀŚâōŀťâǯǯ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɉŤȞŪɳĈȤ ƬƘ ɉƬǝŪ࣎ŪɉɹǬ žɃ ćɃ ȦǷ ćĘ ĘɃ Ȃç
- 10. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ‡ ǷȂ [ōƒȻōŀǯȔǯ ɦȞ£ɉĈàƬƘɉĈƘɉɉƬŪƘàȞĈ£ȤĈɵ£ɉàŤɉŪƌĈȤǬ çɃ eâťȔĽƨŷōâ ƨǩŷģǩƒŚŚŀťģ O£ŻĈ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ÈŪŌ ĈɳĈƘɉȤǬ çĘ yŷȱeȱ¦â ?ŀȸâ KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈ £ ŽŪɳĈ ȤɉȞĈ£ƌǬ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ćÆ +ŀťÏŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ƒȱÏŀâť¾â çç IƨȔŀŚŀǯŀťģ ŚâȔƒÏƒȔƒ O£ŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ£ÈŽĈǬ ŧȦ ǩâƒȔŀťģ ¦ǩŀōōŀƒťȔ ȔĻȱŚ¦ťƒŀōǯ ȞĈ£ɉĈ ĈƘɉŪàŪƘŌ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽȤǬ ŧȂ aŷ¾ŀƒō ŚâÏŀƒ ƨǩŷŚŷȔŀŷť |ȤĈ ȤƬàŪ£Ž ƘĈɉɵƬȞŻȤ ĈĩĩĈàɉŪɳĈŽɹǬ žɃȦ iǯŀťģ -ŷŷģōâǂ O£ŻĈ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ɦƘŪǿɦĈ ɉƬƬŽȤǬ žɃȂ -ŷŷģōâǂ /ƒťģŷȱȔǯ pĈ£àŤ Ƭɦɉ ɉƬ ĩ£ƘȤ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤŪȤ ɉƬƬŽǬ žžɃ uĻŷ ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱǩ Ȕŷƨ ăƒťǯNj KĈ£ȞƘ £ÈƬɦɉ ɹƬɦȞ ĩ£ƘȤǬ žžĘ ǩŷǯǯĽƨǩŷŚŷȔŀŷť ƒťÏ ¾ŷōōƒ¦ŷǩƒȔŀŷť pĈ£àŤ Ƭɦɉ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƌǝĈɉŪɉƬȞȤǬ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ȂÆ iťÏâǩǯȔƒťÏŀťģ ƒťƒōȻȔŀ¾ǯ žžç =ťŷȹŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ȸŀâȹâǩǯ |ƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ɵŤƬ ɹƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ŪȤǬ žȦɃ /ŷȹ ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱǩ ȸŀÏâŷǯ ăŷȱťÏNj KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ĩŪƘñ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ žȦĘ ȱÏŀâť¾â ǩâȔâťȔŀŷť HĈĈǝ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ĩƬȞ ŽƬƘŌĈȞǬ žȦç iǯâǩ ¾ŷťǯȱŚƨȔŀŷť KĈ£ñ ɦȤĈȞȤ ƬƘ ɉƬ ƌƬȞĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ žȖɃ ťģƒģâŚâťȔ ŀťȔâǩƒ¾Ȕŀŷť ɦŪŽñ £ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹǬǬ žȖȦ ƒƨȔŀȸƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ƒȱÏŀâť¾â 8Ƭɵ £ȞĈ ɹƬɦ £ɉɉȞ£àɉŪƘŌ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤȀ ĻƒƨȔâǩ ǷÆ CŷťâȔŀǯŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō žȖȂ aâȔȔŀťģ ȱƨ ƒÏȸâǩȔŀǯŀťģ KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ Ĉ£ȞƘ ĩȞƬƌ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ žȖç ÏȸâǩȔŀǯŀťģ ŷƨȔŀŷťǯ |ƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ £ñ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉȤǬ žĘȦ Ļâ¾Ōŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ âƒǩťŀťģǯ ȤȤĈȤȤ ɹƬɦȞ ĩŪƘ£ƘàŪ£Ž ǝĈȞĩƬȞƌ£ƘàĈǬ žĘĘ iǯâăȱō ōŀťŌǯ KƬƬŻ ŤĈȞĈ ĩƬȞ ĩɦȞɉŤĈȞ ȞĈ£ñŪƘŌǬ Ƿć ŧȖ žɃȂ žĘć žĘž žȦɃ
- 11. Ɓ Ȕ ŀȔǯ ǯŀŚƨōâǯȔÉ yŷȱeȱ¦â ŀǯ ƒ ǯâǩȸŀ¾â ȔĻƒȔ ƒōōŷȹǯ Ȼŷȱ Ȕŷ ȱƨōŷƒÏ ƒťÏ ǯĻƒǩâ ȸŀÏâŷ ȹŀȔĻ ƒťȻŷťâ ŷťōŀťâƷ /ŷȹâȸâǩÉ ȔĻâǩâǠǯ Śȱ¾Ļ Śŷǩâ Ȕŷ ŀȔ ȔĻƒť ȔĻƒȔƷ 1ť ȔĻŀǯ ¾ĻƒƨȔâǩÉ ȹâǠōō ōŷŷŌ ƒȔ ǯŷŚâ ŷă ȔĻâ ¾ŷǩâ ƨƒǩȔǯ ŷă ȔĻâ ǯâǩȸŀ¾âÉ ǯȱ¾Ļ ƒǯ ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ƒťÏ ƨōƒȻōŀǯȔǯÉ ƒťÏ âȺƒŚŀťâ Ļŷȹ ƨâŷƨōâ ƒǩâ ȱǯŀťģ yŷȱeȱ¦âÉ ƨǩŷȸŀÏŀťģ âȺƒŚƨōâǯ ŷă ģǩâƒȔ ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ăŷǩ ťâȹǯÉ âťȔâǩȔƒŀťŚâťȔ ƒťÏ ŚŷǩâƷ uâǠōō ƒōǯŷ âȺƨōƒŀť ȔĻâ ¦ƒǯŀ¾ǯ ¦âĻŀťÏ ģâȔȔŀťģ Ȕŷ ȔĻâ Ȕŷƨ ŷă ȔĻâ ǯâƒǩ¾Ļ ǩƒťŌŀťģǯƷ uĻƒȔ ŀǯ yŷȱeȱ¦âNj IC yIiei /1e ý 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ
- 12. IC yIiei /1e ê/ŷȹ Ïŷ ƨâŷƨōâ ȱǯâ yŷȱeȱ¦âNj ŽĈ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ȤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ȤɦààĈȤȤĩɦŽ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ £Ƙñ ɵŤ£ɉ ƌ£ŻĈȤ ɉŤĈƌ ŌȞĈ£ɉǬ ƁȩĻƒťťâōǯÉ ȸŀÏâŷǯ ƒťÏ ƨōƒȻōŀǯȔǯ 4ŪƘñ Ƭɦɉ ŤƬɵ ɉŤĈ ŻĈɹ ÈɦŪŽñŪƘŌ ÈŽƬàŻȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤĈȞɳŪàĈ ɵƬȞŻǬ Ɓȅ_ƒťŌŀťģǯÆ ȹĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ yŷȱeȱ¦â ǯâƒǩ¾Ļ Ȕŀ¾Ō KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ŌĈɉ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ɉƬǝ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ȞĈȤɦŽɉȤǬ 1E e/1a /[e_ IC yIiei /1e ù
- 13. 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ /ŷȹ Ïŷ ƨâŷƨōâ ȱǯâ yŷȱeȱ¦âNj eĻâǩâ ƒǩâ ŚƒťȻ ÏŀăăâǩâťȔ ȹƒȻǯ Ȕŷ ȱǯâ yŷȱeȱ¦âƷ uâ ōŷŷŌ ƒȔ ǯŷŚâ ŷă ȔĻâ ŚŷǯȔ ǯȱ¾¾âǯǯăȱō ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ƒťÏ ȹĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ ȔĻ⌠ģǩâƒȔƷ u ŤĈƘ ɹƬɦ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë ɹƬɦ ǝȞƬȣȎɹ Ť£ɳĈ £ àĈȞɉ£ŪƘ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪƘ ƌŪƘñǬ jĈȞŤ£ǝȤ ŪɉȕȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɳŪȞ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬ Ƭĩ £ à£ɉ àŤ£ȤŪƘŌ £ Ž£ȤĈȞ ǝƬŪƘɉĈȞë ƬȞ £ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ àŤŪŽñ ĩ£ŽŽŪƘŌ ƬɳĈȞǬ jĈȞŤ£ǝȤ ŪɉȕȤ £ ɉȞ£ŪŽĈȞ ĩƬȞ £ w‹ ȤŤƬɵë ƬȞ £ ȤǝƬȞɉȤ àŽŪǝǬ ɦɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪȤ £ÈƬɦɉ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ɳŪȞ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ ;ɉȕȤ £ ǝŽ£ɉĩƬȞƌ ĩƬȞ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ £Ƙñ ñŪȤɉȞŪÈɦɉŪƘŌ źɦȤɉ £ÈƬɦɉ £Ƙɹ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ƬĩĩĈȞŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ £ÈŪŽŪɉɹ ɉƬ £ññ ŪƘɉĈȞ£àɉŪɳĈ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤǬ Ƭƌǝ£ƘŪĈȤ ƌ£ŻĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ ɉŤĈŪȞ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤë ƬȞ ĈɷǝŽ£ŪƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ɦȤĈ ɉŤĈƌǬ sǝƬȞɉȤ ɉĈ£ƌȤ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ÈĈŤŪƘñŧɉŤĈŧȤàĈƘĈȤ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɉƬ ŌŪɳĈ ĩ£ƘȤ £Ƙ ŪƘȤŪŌŤɉǬ Ƙñ ŪƘñŪɳŪñɦ£ŽȤ ɉɦȞƘ ŤƬÈÈŪĈȤ ŪƘɉƬ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ñĈɳƬɉĈñ ɉƬ £ŽƌƬȤɉ £Ƙɹ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ £àɉŪɳŪɉɹǬ ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ ŪɉȕȤ ƬĩɉĈƘ ɉŤƬɦŌŤɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ĩƬàɦȤĈȤ ƬƘ ɹƬɦƘŌ ǝĈƬǝŽĈë ɉŤ£ɉȕȤ ƘƬɉ ɉȞɦĈè ɵŪɉŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ £ ÈŪŽŽŪƬƘ ɦȤĈȞȤ Ĉ£àŤ ƌƬƘɉŤë ɉŤĈȞĈȕȤ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ĩƬȞ ĈɳĈȞɹ £ŌĈë ĈɳĈȞɹ ñĈƌƬŌȞ£ǝŤŪà £Ƙñ ĈɳĈȞɹ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉǬ ;Ƙ ƬȞñĈȞ ɉƬ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ñƬ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë ŪɉȕȤ ɵƬȞɉŤ ɉ£ŻŪƘŌ £ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉŤ£ɉ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ Ť£ɳĈ àȞĈ£ɉĈñë £Ƙñ ȤĈĈŪƘŌ ȤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ £ȞƬɦƘñǬ sª ě Bē³‘BðĄºsðíô ¨ē³Ö „ðij ĎŒ ³ ªsô ēÖ ĚBô ĚBĄ]œsh ª ęs SĜ ³Äðs ĄœBº s ‘œĄ ³ ªª ĺ ÖsÄÖªs ĺ =Äē3ēSsÜ IC yIiei /1e y
- 14. IC yIiei /1e -II-? Ȥ ɹƬɦȕñ ĈɷǝĈàɉë 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ƌ£ŻĈȤ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ñĈ£Ž Ƭĩ ɦȤĈ Ƭĩ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ RƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ñƬĈȤ ɉŤĈ àƬƌǝ£Ƙɹ ŪɉȤĈŽĩ Ť£ɳĈ £ ñĈñŪà£ɉĈñ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë Èɦɉ Ĉ£àŤ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤ Ť£Ȥ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ $ɳĈƘɉȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ;ɁX àƬƘĩĈȞĈƘàĈ £ȞĈ ȤɉȞĈ£ƌĈñ ŽŪɳĈǬ 6ƬƬŌŽĈȕȤ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ £ȞĈƘȕɉ ɦȤĈñ ƬƘŽɹ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤǬ ;ɉ £ŽȤƬ Ť£Ȥ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ 6ƬƬŌŽĈwĈàŤw£ŽŻȤë ɵŤŪàŤ £ȞĈ ĩŪŽƌĈñ ȤǝĈĈàŤĈȤ Èɹ ĩ£ƌƬɦȤ ȤàŪĈƘɉŪȤɉȤë £ɦɉŤƬȞȤ £Ƙñ £à£ñĈƌŪàȤ ɳŪȤŪɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ àƬƌǝ£Ƙɹ ɉƬ ȤǝĈ£ŻǬ ɹ ƬǝĈƘŪƘŌ ɦǝ ȤƬ ƌɦàŤ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ȌŪƘɉĈȞƘ£Ž ŽŪĩĈȏ ŪƘ ɉŤŪȤ ɵ£ɹë 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ǝƬȤŪɉŪƬƘȤ ŪɉȤĈŽĩ £Ȥ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ǝŽ£àĈ ɉƬ ɵƬȞŻ £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ £ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹ ŽĈ£ñĈȞǬ E ŽŪɉŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ įǬȬ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ £Ƙñ ƳŁëʆʆʆ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ǝƬȤɉĈñë ɉŤĈ R àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ŤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ È£ȤŻĈɉÈ£ŽŽ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ $ɳĈȞɹ ɵĈĈŻ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤĈ£ȤƬƘ ȤĈĈȤ ƘĈɵ ŤŪŌŤŽŪŌŤɉȤ ĩȞƬƌ Ō£ƌĈȤë ŌŪɳŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ R £ ŤɦŌĈ ȞĈ£àŤ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɹƬɦɉŤ ƌ£ȞŻĈɉǬ ŽŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ R ñƬĈȤ ŪƘàȞĈñŪÈŽɹ ɵĈŽŽë ɉŤƬɦŌŤë ŪȤ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ɦƘŪǿɦĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ È£ȤĈñ ƬƘ ŪɉȤ ɳ£Ȥɉ à£ɉ£ŽƬŌɦĈ Ƭĩ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈǬ 4ƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë HƬÈĈ Ȟɹ£ƘɉȕȤ wƬǝ Ƴʆ jŽ£ɹȤ Ƭĩ ɛʆʆȬ Ĝ £ àƬƌǝŪŽ£ɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞȕȤ ÈĈȤɉ ƌƬɳĈȤ Ĝ Ť£Ȥ ÈĈĈƘ ȤĈĈƘ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ĈŪŌŤɉ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈȤë £Ƙñ Ȥǝ£ɵƘĈñ £ ŤŪɉ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌĈ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ȞĈŌɦŽ£ȞŽɹ Ť£Ȥ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ £ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ǝŽ£ɹȤ ǝĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬǬ -I[_I ;ɉ ɵƬɦŽñ ÈĈ Ĉ£Ȥɹ ĩƬȞ £ ɉĈàŤ àƬƌǝ£Ƙɹ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ 6ƬjȞƬ ɉƬ Ť£ɳĈ £ ñȞɹë ñɦŽŽ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬàɦȤŪƘŌ ƬƘ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈ ȤĈɉȤ Ĝ Èɦɉ ɉŤ£ƘŻĩɦŽŽɹë ŪɉȕȤ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈñ ɉƬ ŌƬ ĩ£Ȟ ÈĈɹƬƘñ ɉŤŪȤǬ ;ƘȤɉĈ£ñë ɉŤĈ ĩƬàɦȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ £ƌ£ʂŪƘŌ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈ ɉŤ£ɉ 6ƬjȞƬ à£ƌĈȞ£Ȥ £ŽŽƬɵ ɹƬɦ ɉƬ ɉ£ŻĈë ñĈŽŪɳĈȞŪƘŌ ŪƘȤǝŪȞ£ɉŪƬƘ ɉƬ ƬɵƘĈȞȤ £Ƙñ ǝƬɉĈƘɉŪ£Ž ƬɵƘĈȞȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝȞƬñɦàɉǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȕȤ ɛǬɛ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ £ȞĈ ɉȞĈ£ɉĈñ ɉƬ £ ƌŪɷ Ƭĩ ÈȞ£ƘñŧƬȞŪŌŪƘ£Ž £Ƙñ ɦȤĈȞŧŌĈƘĈȞ£ɉĈñ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ £ È£àŻ ĩŽŪǝ £àȞƬȤȤ £ Ȭɛĩɉ ñĈĈǝ à£ƘɹƬƘ £Ƙñ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈ Ƭĩ ĈƘñ£ƘŌĈȞĈñ ĩȞŪà£Ƙ ŽŪƬƘȤǬ a[E ȤŪñĈ ĩȞƬƌ ŪɉȤ ƌ£ŪƘ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë $sjR £ŽȤƬ ȤǝŽŪɉȤ ŪɉȤ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌŪƘŌ £àȞƬȤȤ ȤɦÈŧÈȞ£ƘñȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ $sjRƳȤɉw£ŻĈǬ Ȥ ɹƬɦȕñ ĈɷǝĈàɉë ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪȤ ŤŪŌŤŧǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹë ɵŪɉŤ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ ɳŪĈɵȤ ĩƬȞ ŪɉȤ ÈĈȤɉ ɳŪñĈƬȤ £Ƙñ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ƳǬį ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤǬ ɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ȤĈɉȤ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ŪȤ ŪɉȤ ɦȤĈ Ƭĩ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤë ɵŤŪàŤ ȞĈɳƬŽɳĈ £ȞƬɦƘñ ŻĈɹ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ǝȞĈȤĈƘɉĈȞȤ £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ àɦȞ£ɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤɦÈŧÈȞ£ƘñȤë ŪƘàŽɦñŪƘŌ 6Ȟ£ƘɉŽ£Ƙñë ŪɉȤ ȤǝƬȞɉȤ £Ƙñ ǝƬǝŧàɦŽɉɦȞĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ wŤŪȤ àɦȞ£ɉŪƬƘ ɵƬȞŻȤ ɵĈŽŽë £Ƙñ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ƌ£ŪƘ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ȞĈ ƌɦàŤ ƌƬȞĈ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ȤɦÈŧÈȞ£ƘñȤ ɉƬƬǬ _ i?? ŽŪɉŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ɋǬį ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤë pĈñ ɦŽŽ ŪȤ £ȞŌɦ£ÈŽɹ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ǝƬǝɦŽ£Ȟ ÈɦȤŪƘĈȤȤ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ƬƘŽŪƘĈǬ pĈñ ɦŽŽ ĩƬàɦȤĈȤ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ĈɷɉȞĈƌĈ ȤǝƬȞɉȤ ɉŤ£ɉ Ūɉ ȤǝƬƘȤƬȞȤ £Ƙñ ŪȤ £ȤȤƬàŪ£ɉĈñ ɵŪɉŤë ĩȞƬƌ Ȥ£ŪŽŪƘŌ ɉƬ ƌƬɉƬàȞƬȤȤ ɉƬ ȤŻ£ɉĈÈƬ£ȞñŪƘŌë ǝȞƬɳŪñŪƘŌ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£ŽŧŽĈɳĈŽ àƬɳĈȞ£ŌĈ ɵŪɉŤ ɵĈŽŽŧƬȞŌ£ƘŪȤĈñ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ ĩƬȞ Ĉ£àŤ ȤǝƬȞɉǬ ;ɉȤ ƌƬȤɉ ǝƬǝɦŽ£Ȟ ɳŪñĈƬȤë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ĈɷɉȞĈƌĈ O‘ àɹàŽŪȤɉ £ƘƘɹ O£àȤŻŪŽŽȕȤ ȌŽ£ɹ £àŻ 8ƬƌĈȏë Ť£ɳĈ ɉĈƘȤ Ƭĩ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ ǝŽ£ɹȤǬ ;Ƙ ɉĈȞƌȤ Ƭĩ ÈȞ£Ƙñ ĈɷǝƬȤɦȞĈë ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ǝȞƬȣȎɹ ȞĈ£àŤĈȤ ƌƬȞĈ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ŪƘ ŪɉȤ ɉ£ȞŌĈɉ ɹƬɦɉŤ ƌ£ȞŻĈɉ ɉŤ£Ƙ ɵŪɉŤ £Ƙɹ ƬɉŤĈȞ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ £ñɳĈȞɉŪȤŪƘŌǬ _? C_1 pĈ£Ž O£ñȞŪñ ŪȤ ƬƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈŪŌŌĈȤɉ ȤǝƬȞɉȤ ɉĈ£ƌȤ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñë£Ƙñ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪȤ £Ƙ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɵ£ɹ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ɉĈ£ƌ ɉƬ ȞĈ£àŤ ŪɉȤ ɳ£Ȥɉ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ Ƭĩ ĩ£ƘȤ ŪƘ ĈɳĈȞɹ àƬɦƘɉȞɹǬ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞ È£ȤĈ Ƭĩ ƳǬŁ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ȤɦŌŌĈȤɉȤ ŪɉȕȤ £àŤŪĈɳŪƘŌ ŪɉȤ ŌƬ£ŽǬ wŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪȤ £ ƌŪɷ Ƭĩ ƌ£ɉàŤ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈë ÈĈŤŪƘñŧɉŤĈŧ ȤàĈƘĈȤ ɳŪñĈƬȤë £Ƙñ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌĈȤ £ÈƬɦɉ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞȤ ǡŻĈɹ Ȥɉ£ȞȤ ŌĈɉ ɉŤĈŪȞ ƬɵƘ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤë ɉƬƬǤǬ OƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪȤ ŪƘ sǝ£ƘŪȤŤë £Ȥ ɹƬɦȕñ ĈɷǝĈàɉë Èɦɉ ɉŤĈ àŽɦÈ £ŽȤƬ ƌ£ŪƘɉ£ŪƘȤ £Ƙ $ƘŌŽŪȤŤ Ž£ƘŌɦ£ŌĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉǬ sƬƌĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ £ŽȤƬ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈ à£ǝɉŪƬƘŪƘŌë ɵŤŪàŤ à£Ƙ ÈĈ £ɦɉƬƌ£ɉŪ࣎Žɹ ɉȞ£ƘȤŽ£ɉĈñǬ IC[E1a E ia1Eaa a[I_ea IC yIiei /1e ½
- 15. 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ _a[_=a aei1I psǝ£ȞŻȤ sɉɦñŪƬ ñĈȤàȞŪÈĈȤ ŪɉȤĈŽĩ £Ȥ ȌɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉŧɳŪĈɵĈñ Ȟ£ñŪƬ àƬƘɉȞƬŽ ȤĈȞŪĈȤ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñȏë £Ƙñ ŪɉȕȤ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈ Ƭĩ ŤƬɵ £ ƘŪàŤĈ ŤƬÈÈɹ à£Ƙ ɉɦȞƘ ŪƘɉƬ £ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ÈɦȤŪƘĈȤȤǬ ŽŪɉŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ Łʆʆëʆʆʆ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤë ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĈȤàŤĈɵȤ ÈƬȞŪƘŌ ŤƬɵŧɉƬ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ŪƘ ĩ£ɳƬɦȞ Ƭĩ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƌƬñĈŽȤ ɉŤĈƌȤĈŽɳĈȤǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ɵĈŽŽ ƬȞŌ£ƘŪȤĈñë ɵŪɉŤ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ £ȞƬɦƘñ ȤǝĈàŪĩŪà ƌƬñĈŽȤ £Ƙñ ŤɦƘñȞĈñȤ Ƭĩ àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤ ƬƘ Ĉ£àŤ ɳŪñĈƬǬ ȞɦàŪ£ŽŽɹë ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬȤɉĈȞȤ £ ȤĈƘȤĈ Ƭĩ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹ Èɹ ĈƘŌ£ŌŪƘŌ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤë ŻĈĈǝŪƘŌ ɦȤĈȞȤ àƬƌŪƘŌ È£àŻ ĈɳĈƘ ɵŤĈƘ ɉŤĈȞĈ ŪȤƘȕɉ ƘĈɵ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ C1Eie[/ya1a wŤĈ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪƬƘ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ OŪƘɦɉĈjŤɹȤŪàȤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ £Ȥ ȤɦààŪƘàɉ £Ȥ Ūɉ ŪȤ £ààɦȞ£ɉĈè ȌsŪƌǝŽɹ ǝɦɉè àƬƬŽ ǝŤɹȤŪàȤ £Ƙñ ƬɉŤĈȞ ȤɵĈĈɉ ȤàŪĈƘàĈȏǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ť£Ȥ ŪɉȤ ƬɵƘ ñŪȤɉŪƘàɉ ȤɉɹŽĈë ĩɦȤŪƘŌ ȤɉƬǝŧƌƬɉŪƬƘ £ƘŪƌ£ɉŪƬƘ ɵŪɉŤ Ť£ƘñŧñȞ£ɵƘ ĈɷǝŽ£Ƙ£ɉŪƬƘȤ £Ƙñ ȤŪƌǝŽĈŧɉƬŧɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ɳƬŪàĈƬɳĈȞȤ ɉƬ ĈɷǝŽ£ŪƘ £ŽŽ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ȤàŪĈƘàĈǬ ŽŤĈɉŤĈȞ ɹƬɦ ɵƬƘñĈȞ ɵŤ£ɉ ɵƬɦŽñ Ť£ǝǝĈƘ Ūĩ ɉŤĈ Ĉ£ȞɉŤ ɵĈȞĈ ĩŽ£ɉë ƬȞ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ŤƬɵ ŽŪŌŤɉ ÈɦŽÈȤ ɵƬȞŻ ƬȞ ȤĈĈ £ ɉĈƘŧȤĈàƬƘñ ĈɷǝŽ£Ƙ£ɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ɵŤ£ɉ Ȟ£ñ£Ȟ ƌĈ£ƘȤë OŪƘɦɉĈjŤɹȤŪàȤ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£àĈ ɉƬ ŌƬǬ aI1? [1Ee?? ŽŤƬ ŻƘĈɵ ǝ£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽ àƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ȤƬ ŪƘɳƬŽɳŪƘŌȀ sƬàŪ£Ž j£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽ ǝȞƬɳŪñĈȤ £ ŤɦÈ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Ūɉ ñĈȤàȞŪÈĈȤ £Ȥ ȌɉŤĈ ǝȞĈŧĈƌŪƘĈƘɉ ŪƘñĈǝĈƘñĈƘɉ ǝ£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽ ƘĈɵȤë ɳŪñĈƬȤë £Ƙ£ŽɹȤŪȤ £Ƙñ ŪƘĩƬȞƌ£ɉŪƬƘ ȞĈȤƬɦȞàĈȏǬ ŽŤ£ɉ ȤĈɉȤ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈè ɉŤŪȤ ŪȤ £ ŽƬƘŌ ɵ£ɹ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ à£ƌĈȞ£ǝŤƬƘĈŧĩŪŽƌĈñ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ƌŪŌŤɉ £ȤȤƬàŪ£ɉĈ ɵŪɉŤ ǝ£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽǬ ɹ ñĈŽŪɳĈȞŪƘŌ ǝ£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌ£ɉàŤ ɉŤĈ ǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£Ž ȤǝƬȞɉȤë sƬàŪ£Ž j£ŪƘɉÈ£ŽŽ ĈŽĈɳ£ɉĈȤ ɵŤ£ɉ ƌŪŌŤɉ ÈĈ ȤĈĈƘ £Ȥ £ ŌĈĈŻɹ ŤƬÈÈɹ ɉƬ £ ƌɦàŤ ŤŪŌŤĈȞ ŽĈɳĈŽǬ aIee CE?y sàƬɉɉ O£ƘŽĈɹ ñĈȤàȞŪÈĈȤ ŤŪƌȤĈŽĩ £Ȥ ȌɉŤĈ ȤɉȞƬƘƬŌ£ƌĈȞ Ĝ £ Ȟ£ȞĈ ĩɦȤŪƬƘ Ƭĩ Ō£ƌŪƘŌ £Ƙñ ȤàŪĈƘàĈ ŪƘ ƬƘĈ ǝƬɵĈȞĩɦŽ àƬƌÈŪƘ£ɉŪƬƘǬ ÈŽĈ ɉƬ ñĈŽŪɳĈȞ £ȤɉƬƘŪȤŤŪƘŌ ȤàŪĈƘɉŪĩŪà ĩ£àɉȤ ɵŤŪŽĈ ĩŽɹŪƘŌë ƬȞ àȞ£ȤŤŪƘŌ ñŪŌŪɉ£Ž ȤŪƌɦŽ£ɉŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ Ȥǝ£àĈàȞ£ĩɉǬȏ O£ƘŽĈɹ ñĈŽŪɳĈȞȤ £ ɵŪñĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ Ȥǝ£àĈŧȤàŪĈƘàĈŧȞĈŽ£ɉĈñ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ȞŽɹ ƬƘ £ȤɉĈȞƬŪñ ñŪȤàƬɳĈȞɹǬ 8Ĉ £ŽȤƬ ƌ£ŻĈȤ £ ŽƬɉ Ƭĩ ɦȤĈ Ƭĩ HĈȞÈ£Ž sǝ£àĈ jȞƬŌȞ£ƌë £ ƌɦŽɉŪŧŌĈƘȞĈ Ō£ƌĈ ɉŤ£ɉ £ŽŽƬɵȤ ɹƬɦ ɉƬ ȤŪƌɦŽ£ɉĈ Ȥǝ£àĈĩŽŪŌŤɉ ƬƘ ɹƬɦȞ jǬ 8Ĉ ȞĈŌɦŽ£ȞŽɹ ǝƬȤɉȤ ŪƘŧñĈǝɉŤ ɉĈàŤƘŪ࣎ ɉɦɉƬȞŪ£ŽȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȌĈŌŪƘƘĈȞȤ 6ɦŪñĈ ɉƬ ŪȞàȞ£ĩɉ ĈȞƬñɹƘ£ƌŪàȤȏǬǬ es1EǢa I_1-C1 1Eae_ie1IEa ȞŪŽŽŪ£ƘɉŽɹ ĩŪŽƌĈñ ȤɉĈǝŧÈɹŧȤɉĈǝ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ƬƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ĩƬŽñ ǝ£ǝĈȞ ŪƘɉƬ £ ŤɦŌĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ ȤŤ£ǝĈȤë w£ɳŪƘȕȤ XȞŪŌ£ƌŪ ;ƘȤɉȞɦàɉŪƬƘȤ Ť£Ȥ £ ȞĈŽ£ɉŪɳĈŽɹ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞ È£ȤĈ ǡƬĩ ŁŁëʆʆʆǤë Èɦɉ ŪȤ ÈĈ£ɦɉŪĩɦŽŽɹ ĩŪŽƌĈñ £Ƙñ ǝɦɉ ɉƬŌĈɉŤĈȞë ɵŪɉŤ ŽƬɳĈŽɹ ɦȤĈ Ƭĩ ƌɦȤŪà ƬƘ ȤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ Ȥ ɵŪɉŤ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤë ɵŤ£ɉ ȤĈɉȤ w£ɳŪƘȕȤ XȞŪŌ£ƌŪ ;ƘȤɉȞɦàɉŪƬƘȤ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ȤĈƘȤĈ Ƭĩ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹ ɉŤ£ɉ w£ɳŪƘ ĩƬȤɉĈȞȤè ĈɳĈȞɹ ɳŪñĈƬ ɵŪŽŽ ȤĈĈ ŤŪƌ ȞĈǝŽɹŪƘŌ ɉƬ àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤë ɉ£ŻŪƘŌ ȤɦŌŌĈȤɉŪƬƘȤ ĩƬȞ ƘĈɵ ɳŪñĈƬȤë £Ƙñ £ƘȤɵĈȞŪƘŌ ǿɦĈȤɉŪƬƘȤ ĩȞƬƌ àƬƌƌĈƘɉĈȞȤǬ -_Ee e/IC[aIE 6Ȟ£Ƙɉ wŤƬƌǝȤƬƘ Ĝ ƬɉŤĈȞɵŪȤĈ ŻƘƬɵƘ £Ȥ ȌɉŤĈ ŻŪƘŌ Ƭĩ Ȟ£ƘñƬƌȏ Ĝ ĩƬàɦȤĈȤ ƬƘ ĈɷǝĈȞŪƌĈƘɉȤë ǝȞ£ƘŻȤ £Ƙñ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉŪƘŌ ŤƬɵŧɉƬȕȤǬ wŤƬƌǝȤƬƘȕȤ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ǝĈȞĩĈàɉ ĩƬȞ Ȍƌ£ŻĈȞȤȏ Ƭĩ £Ƙɹ £ŌĈë ɵŤĈɉŤĈȞ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ƌ£ŻĈ ĩ£Ƙàɹ Ƙ£ǝŻŪƘȤ ĩƬȞ ȤǝĈàŪ£Ž Ƭàà£ȤŪƬƘȤ ƬȞ ÈƬɉɉŽĈ ȞƬàŻĈɉȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ Ȥà£ȞĈ ĈɳĈȞɹ ñƬŌ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ƘĈŪŌŤÈƬɦȞŤƬƬñǬ XƘĈ ɉŤŪƘŌ wŤƬƌǝȤƬƘ ñƬĈȤ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ȞŽɹ ɵĈŽŽ ŪȤ àƬŽŽ£ÈƬȞ£ɉŪƬƘ Ĝ ɵŤŪàŤ à£Ƙ ÈĈ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ɵ£ɹ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë £Ȥ ɵĈ ȤŤ£ŽŽ ȤĈĈǬ 8ŪȤ ȌȬ wŤŪƘŌȤ ɉƬ ñƬ ɵŪɉŤ £ Ž£ɉĈȞ ƬɉɉŽĈȏ àƬŽŽ£ÈƬȞ£ɉŪƬƘ ÈȞƬɦŌŤɉ ɉƬŌĈɉŤĈȞ ȤĈɳĈƘ ÈŪŌ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ƬƘĈ ȤŤƬȞɉë £ƌɦȤŪƘŌ ɳŪñĈƬǬ /I1a a1E E ie1IE IC yIiei /1e Ìģ
- 16. IC yIiei /1e iEIw e/_[y |ƘÈƬɷŪƘŌ Ĝ ƬǝĈƘŪƘŌ ɦǝ £ ƘĈɵ ǝȞƬñɦàɉ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ɉŪƌĈ £Ƙñ ɉ£ŽŻŪƘŌ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤ ɉŤĈ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈ Ĝ ŪȤ ƬƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ àƬƌƌƬƘ ĩƬȞƌȤ Ƭĩ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹ ɳŪñĈƬ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë Èɦɉ |ƘÈƬɷ wŤĈȞ£ǝɹ ɉ£ŻĈȤ Ūɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ƘĈɷɉ ŽĈɳĈŽǬ RƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ñƬĈȤ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩŪƘñ ƘĈɵ £Ƙñ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉŪƘŌ ɵ£ɹȤ ɉƬ ɦƘÈƬɷ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤ Ĝ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ƬǝĈƘŪƘŌ ɦǝ ɉŤĈ ‘ÈƬɷ XƘĈ ŪƘ £ ñŪƘĈȞ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ ŤƬƌĈ ĩȞƬƌ ÈɦɹŪƘŌ Ūɉ Ĝ Ūɉ Ť£Ȥ £ŽȤƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈñ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ Ƭĩ ȌǝȞƬźĈàɉȤȏ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉ£ŻĈ ɹƬɦ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ȤɉĈǝȤ ƬƘ £ Ž£ȞŌĈȞŧȤ࣎Ĉ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹ ǝȞƬźĈàɉë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȤƬɦǝŪƘŌ ɦǝ £ O£àƬƬŻ jȞƬǬ sai ‹Ȥ£ɦàĈ ŪȤ £ àŽ£ȤȤŪà ƌŪɷ Ƭĩ £ ȤŪƌǝŽĈë ŌȞĈ£ɉ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉ ɵŪɉŤ £ àƬƌǝĈŽŽŪƘŌ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹǬ 8ƬȤɉ OŪàŤ£ĈŽ sɉĈɳĈƘȤ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ £ȤŻȤ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈƘ £ɉɉĈƌǝɉȤ ɉƬ £ƘȤɵĈȞ ǝŤŪŽƬȤƬǝŤŪ࣎ £Ƙñ ȤàŪĈƘɉŪĩŪà ǿɦĈȤɉŪƬƘȤë ƌŪɷŪƘŌ ȤɉƬàŻ ĩƬƬɉ£ŌĈ ɵŪɉŤ ñŪȞĈàɉ £ññȞĈȤȤĈȤ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ à£ƌĈȞ£Ǭ $ɳĈȞ ɵ£ƘɉĈñ ɉƬ ŻƘƬɵ ɵŤ£ɉ ɵƬɦŽñ Ť£ǝǝĈƘ Ūĩ ĈɳĈȞɹƬƘĈ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñ źɦƌǝĈñ £ɉ ƬƘàĈë ƬȞ ŤƬɵ ƌ£Ƙɹ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɦƘŪɳĈȞȤĈȀ sɉĈɳĈƘȤ Ť£Ȥ ŌƬɉ ɹƬɦ àƬɳĈȞĈñǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ť£Ȥ ÈĈĈƘ ȤƬ ȤɦààĈȤȤĩɦŽ ɉŤ£ɉ sɉĈɳĈƘȤ Ť£Ȥ ŌƬƘĈ ɉƬ Ž£ɦƘàŤ £Ƙ £ññŪɉŪƬƘ£Ž ɉŤȞĈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤë ĩƬàɦȤŪƘŌ ƬƘ ɉƬǝŪàȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ Ō£ƌŪƘŌ £Ƙñ ĩŪàɉŪƬƘ£Ž ɵƬȞŽñȤǬ e/ s_- ŽŪɉŤ ĈɷɉȞĈƌĈŽɹ ŤŪŌŤŧǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ ǝȞƬñɦàɉ ɳŪñĈƬȤë wŤĈ ‹ĈȞŌĈ Ȥɉ£ƘñȤ ŤĈ£ñ £Ƙñ ȤŤƬɦŽñĈȞȤ £ÈƬɳĈ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹ ƘĈɵȤ ȤŪɉĈ àƬƌǝĈɉŪɉƬȞȤǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈȤ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ȞŽɹ ȤɉȞƬƘŌë ɵĈŽŽŧɉŤƬɦŌŤɉŧƬɦɉ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌŪƘŌë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ŪɉȤ ɵĈĈŻŽɹ ȌwŤŪȤ ;Ȥ Oɹ RĈɷɉȏ ŌȞƬɦǝ ɉĈȤɉȤǬ wŤĈ ‹ĈȞŌĈ £ŽȤƬ ƌ£ŻĈȤ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ £ààĈȤȤ ɉƬ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ £Ƙñ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ŪɉȤ ǝȞƬƌŪƘĈƘàĈ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹ ɵƬȞŽñ ÈȞŪƘŌȤë àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ŽƬƘŌ ŪƘɉĈȞɳŪĈɵȤ £ȞƬɦƘñ ŻĈɹ Ž£ɦƘàŤĈȤë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ŪɉȤ ƳįŧƌŪƘɦɉĈ ŪƘȤŪñĈȞ ǝŪĈàĈ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ Ž£ɦƘàŤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ RĈɷɦȤ Ł ǝŤƬƘĈ £Ƙñ RĈɷɦȤ Ƴʆ ɉ£ÈŽĈɉǬ [u1[1 4ĈŽŪɷ ȞɳŪñ |Žĩ HźĈŽŽÈĈȞŌ Ĝ ÈĈɉɉĈȞ ŻƘƬɵƘ Èɹ ŤŪȤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ Ƙ£ƌĈ Ƭĩ jĈɵŪĈjŪĈ Ĝ ȤǝĈàŪ£ŽŪȤĈȤ ŪƘ ȌŽĈɉȕȤ ǝŽ£ɹȏ Ō£ƌĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤë ɵŤŪàŤ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈ ŤŪƌ ǝŽ£ɹŪƘŌ £ Ō£ƌĈ £Ƙñ àƬƌƌĈƘɉŪƘŌ ƬƘ ŤŪȤ ǝȞƬŌȞĈȤȤ £Ȥ ŤĈ ŌƬĈȤǬ ŽŪɉŤ ɉŤŪȤ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ŌĈƘĈȞŪà ĩƬȞƌ£ɉë ɳŪȞɉɦ£ŽŽɹ ĈɳĈȞɹɉŤŪƘŌ ñĈǝĈƘñȤ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹë £Ƙñ HźĈŽŽÈĈȞŌȕȤ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹ à£ȞȞŪĈȤ ɉŤĈ ȤŤƬɵǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤȕ ɛƛ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ƌ£ŻĈ HźĈŽŽÈĈȞŌ ƬƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉŧȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈñ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë ǝȞƬɳŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ǝƬɵĈȞ Ƭĩ £ ȤŪƌǝŽĈ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉ £Ƙñ £ ȤɉȞƬƘŌ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹǬ C_]ia _IuE? O£ȞǿɦĈȤ ȞƬɵƘŽĈĈ Ť£Ȥ ĩƬŽŽƬɵĈñ ɉŤĈ àŽ£ȤȤŪà ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉȞ£źĈàɉƬȞɹ ĩȞƬƌ ȤƬŽƬ Ōɦɹ ŪƘ £ ÈĈñȞƬƬƌ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤ ɉƬ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬ ǝȞƬñɦàĈȞǬ sɉ£ȞɉŪƘŌ Ƭɦɉ ɵŪɉŤ ȤŪƌǝŽĈ ǝȞƬñɦàɉ ȞĈɳŪĈɵȤë ȞƬɵƘŽĈĈȕȤ ƳǬį ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ƘƬɵ ŌŪɳĈ ŤŪƌ £ààĈȤȤ ɉƬ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤ ŤĈ àƬɦŽñ ƬƘàĈ ƬƘŽɹ Ť£ɳĈ ñȞĈ£ƌĈñ Ƭĩ Ĝ ĩƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë ŤŪȤ Ž£ɉĈȤɉ ȞĈɳŪĈɵ ŪȤ Ƭĩ £Ƙ ĈɷǝĈƘȤŪɳĈ wĈȤŽ£ pƬ£ñȤɉĈȞ ĈŽĈàɉȞŪà à£ȞǬ 8Ĉ Ť£Ȥ £ŽȤƬ ÈȞƬ£ñĈƘĈñ ŤŪȤ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ƘƬɵ ŪƘàŽɦñŪƘŌ £Ƙ Ȍ$ɷǝŽ£ŪƘĈñģȏ ȤĈȞŪĈȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉ£ŻĈȤ £ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ɉŤĈ Ž£ɉĈȤɉ ɉĈàŤ ƘĈɵȤ £Ƙñ £ɉɉĈƌǝɉȤ ɉƬ ǝɦɉ Ūɉ ŪƘɉƬ àƬƘɉĈɷɉǬ ;EE C_?a EĈƘƘ£ OƬɦȞĈɹë ÈĈɉɉĈȞ ŻƘƬɵƘ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ £Ȥ EĈƘƘ£ O£ȞÈŽĈȤë ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ɉƬǝ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Èɹ £ ɵƬƌ£Ƙë ɵŪɉŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ Ƴɋ ƌŪŽŽŪƬƘ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬàɦȤĈȤ ƬƘ £ŽŽ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ŪȤȤɦĈȤ Ƭĩ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉ ɉƬ ɹƬɦƘŌ ɵƬƌĈƘë ĩȞƬƌ ƌ£ŻĈɦǝ ɉƬ ȞĈŽ£ɉŪƬƘȤŤŪǝȤë ĩ£ȤŤŪƬƘ £Ƙñ ɉȞ£ɳĈŽǬ ŽŤ£ɉ ƌ£ŻĈȤ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɵƬȞŻ ŪȤ EĈƘƘ£ȕȤ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹè ƘƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ŪȤ ȤŤĈ ŪƘàȞĈñŪÈŽɹ àƬƌĩƬȞɉ£ÈŽĈ ŪƘ ĩȞƬƘɉ Ƭĩ à£ƌĈȞ£ë ȤŤĈ £ŽȤƬ àƬƌĈȤ £àȞƬȤȤ £Ȥ ĈƘɉŪȞĈŽɹ ŤƬƘĈȤɉ £Ƙñ £ɉ ŤƬƌĈ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ƌĈñŪɦƌǬ wŤĈ źɦƌǝŧàɦɉɉŪƘŌ ȤɉɹŽĈ £ŽȤƬ ǝȞƬɳĈȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ñƬƘȕɉ ƘĈĈñ ɉƬ ÈĈ £ÈŽĈ ɉƬ ñƬ ĈɳĈȞɹɉŤŪƘŌ ŪƘ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ɉ£ŻĈ ŪƘ ƬȞñĈȞ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉë ǝ£àɹ ɳŪñĈƬǬ e/EI?I-y [_aIE?1e1a E yIie/ IC yIiei /1e ÌÌ
- 17. 1 ĩ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ƌ£ŻĈ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈ ĩƬȞ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ Ĝ £Ƙñ ƌ£ɷŪƌŪȤĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘàĈȤ Ƭĩ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ ƌƬƘĈɹ Ƭɦɉ Ƭĩ Ūɉ Ĝ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ɉŤȞĈĈ ƌ£ŪƘ ÈɦŪŽñŪƘŌ ÈŽƬàŻȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤĈȞɳŪàĈè ɳŪñĈƬȤë àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ £Ƙñ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤǬ O£ŻŪƘŌ Ĉ£àŤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɉŤȞĈĈ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ ɵƬȞŻ ɉƬŌĈɉŤĈȞ ŪȤ ŻĈɹ ɉƬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ȤɦààĈȤȤǬ s1Ia ɹ ñĈĩ£ɦŽɉë ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ɦǝŽƬ£ñ £Ƙɹ ɳŪñĈƬ Ƭĩ ɦǝ ɉƬ Ƴį ƌŪƘɦɉĈȤ ŪƘ ŽĈƘŌɉŤǬ 8ƬɵĈɳĈȞë ƬƘàĈ ɹƬɦȕɳĈ ɳĈȞŪĩŪĈñ ɹƬɦȞ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ £ààƬɦƘɉ ǡ£ ȤŪƌǝŽĈ ǝȞƬàĈȤȤ ɦȤŪƘŌ £ ƌƬÈŪŽĈ ǝŤƬƘĈǤë ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ɦǝŽƬ£ñ ĩŪŽĈȤ Ƭĩ ɦǝ ɉƬ Ƴɛč6 ŪƘ ȤŪʂĈ Ĝ ĈƘƬɦŌŤ ɉƬ Ť£ƘñŽĈ £ ƌƬɳŪĈŧŽĈƘŌɉŤ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪƘ ŁH ȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘǬ ‹ŪñĈƬȤ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ǝŽ£ɹĈñ ĈŪɉŤĈȞ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪɉȤĈŽĩë ƬƘ ɵŤ£ɉȕȤ ࣎ŽĈñ ɉŤĈ Ȍɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈȏ ŪƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɉĈȞƌŪƘƬŽƬŌɹë ƬȞ Ĝ Ūĩ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ƬɵƘĈȞ ĈƘ£ÈŽĈȤ Ūɉ Ĝ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ ƬƘ ƬɉŤĈȞ ɵĈÈȤŪɉĈȤǬ Ȥ ŽƬƘŌ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ ɦȤŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£Ȟñ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞë ɹƬɦȕŽŽ ȤɉŪŽŽ ÈĈ £ÈŽĈ ɉƬ ȤĈĈ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ £Ƙ£ŽɹɉŪàȤ ñ£ɉ£ ĩƬȞ Ūɉë £Ƙñ ǝŽ£ɹȤ ɵŪŽŽ àƬɦƘɉ ɉƬɵ£ȞñȤ ɹƬɦȞ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ Ƭĩ ɳŪĈɵȤǬ ;ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ĈɳĈƘ à£ȞȞɹ £ñȤ Ūĩ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ ɉŤĈƌ ĈƘ£ÈŽĈñ Ĝ £ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ ƘƬɉ ĈɳĈȞɹ £ñ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ɵƬȞŻ ɦȤŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞǬ /EE? Ȥ ɉŤĈ Ƙ£ƌĈ ȤɦŌŌĈȤɉȤë £ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ £ ÈŪɉ ŽŪŻĈ £ w‹ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ |ǝ ɦƘɉŪŽ ȞĈàĈƘɉŽɹë Ĉ£àŤ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ £ààƬɦƘɉ àƬɦŽñ Ť£ɳĈ £Ƙñ £ñƌŪƘŪȤɉĈȞ ƬƘŽɹ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë Èɦɉ ɦȤĈȞȤ à£Ƙ ƘƬɵ Ť£ɳĈ ƬƘĈ ƬȞ ƌƬȞĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤë ȤƬ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ƬƘĈȤ ñĈɳƬɉĈñ ɉƬ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ ɉƬǝŪàȤ ƬȞ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɵŤŪŽĈ ɦȤŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ ŽƬŌŪƘ ñĈɉ£ŪŽȤ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈƌ £ŽŽǬ 4ƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë ɹƬɦ àƬɦŽñ Ť£ɳĈ £ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£Ž àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞŪƘŌ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈñ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ĩ£ƌŪŽɹë ǝŽɦȤ £ ÈɦȤŪƘĈȤȤ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƌǝ£Ƙɹë £Ƙñ £ƘƬɉŤĈȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ñĈɳƬɉĈñ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ Ō£ȞñĈƘŪƘŌ ɉŪǝȤ Ĝ £ŽŽ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈñ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ £ààƬɦƘɉǬ wŤ£ƘŻĩɦŽŽɹë àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ à£Ƙ Ť£ɳĈ ƌɦŽɉŪǝŽĈ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈȞȤë £ŽŽƬɵŪƘŌ ȤĈɳĈȞ£Ž ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɉƬ ȤŤ£ȞĈ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŻŽƬ£ñ Ƭĩ ɦǝŽƬ£ñŪƘŌë £ñƌŪƘŪȤɉĈȞŪƘŌ àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤë Ť£ƘñŽŪƘŌ £ñ ȤĈɉɉŪƘŌȤ £Ƙñ ȤƬ ƬƘǬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ à£Ƙ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈ ɉƬ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤǬ ŽŤĈƘ £ ɦȤĈȞ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȤë Ūɉ ñƬĈȤƘȕɉ ƌĈ£Ƙ ɉŤĈɹ £ɦɉƬƌ£ɉŪ࣎Žɹ ȤĈĈ ĈɳĈȞɹ ɳŪñĈƬ ǝƬȤɉĈñë Èɦɉ ɉŤĈɹȕŽŽ ÈĈ £ŽĈȞɉĈñ ɵŤĈƘĈɳĈȞ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ť£Ȥ ƘĈɵ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ;ĩ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬ ɉƬ ŌĈɉ ɉŤĈ ƌ£ɷŪƌɦƌ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈ ĈɷǝƬȤɦȞĈë ŪƘàȞĈ£ȤŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ Ƭĩ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ŪȤ ɳĈȞɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£ƘɉǬ wŤŪȤ ŪȤ ɵŤɹ Ūɉ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ȤǝŽŪɉ Ƭɦɉ ɉƬǝŪàȤ ɉƬ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤǬ ;Ƙ ƬɦȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈ £ÈƬɳĈë ŪɉȕȤ ɦƘŽŪŻĈŽɹ ȤƬƌĈƬƘĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘ Ō£ȞñĈƘŪƘŌ ɵƬɦŽñ £ŽȤƬ ÈĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘ ɳŪñĈƬȤ Ƭĩ £ƌɦȤŪƘŌ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ƌɹ à£ɉ ñƬĈȤǬ jɦɉɉŪƘŌ ɉŤŪȤ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ƬƘ £ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ŽŽƬɵȤ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈ ɉƬ ƬƘŽɹ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘǬ e/ [?y?1ae ĈàŪñŪƘŌ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ £ÈƬɦɉ ŪȤ ǝȞƬȣȎɹ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉ Ƭĩ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ £ àƬƘȤŪȤɉĈƘɉŽɹ ȤɉȞƬƘŌ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ ɦɉ Ūɉ ñƬĈȤƘȕɉ ƌĈ£Ƙ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ƬƘŽɹ ĈɳĈȞ ñƬ ƬƘĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ;Ƙ ĩ£àɉë ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ £ ǝƬɵĈȞĩɦŽ ɉƬƬŽ ɉŤ£ɉ ŽĈɉȤ ɹƬɦ ɳ£Ȟɹ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɹƬɦ ñƬë ŌȞƬɦǝŪƘŌ ɉŤĈƌ ɉƬŌĈɉŤĈȞ £ààƬȞñŪƘŌ ɉƬ ɉŤĈƌĈȤè ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉǬ jŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ £ȞĈ ƬƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ǝƬɵĈȞĩɦŽ ɉƬƬŽȤ ŪƘ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ £ ȤɦààĈȤȤĩɦŽ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ RƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ñƬ ɉŤĈɹ ŤĈŽǝ ɦȤĈȞȤ ĩŪƘñ ƌƬȞĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈƌë ɉŤĈɹ £ŽȤƬ ĈƘàƬɦȞ£ŌĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ ȤǝĈƘñ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŪƌĈ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë ǝŽ£ɹŪƘŌ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ àȞĈ£ɉĈñ Ĝ ɵŤŪàŤë £Ȥ ɵĈȕŽŽ ȤĈĈë ŪȤ £ Ž£ȞŌĈ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ŤƬɵ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ñĈàŪñĈȤ ɵŤŪàŤ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ £Ƙñ ĈŽȤĈɵŤĈȞĈǬ 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ sŀÏâŷǯÉ ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ƒťÏ ƨōƒȻōŀǯȔǯ eĻâǯâ ȔĻǩââ ¦ȱŀōÏŀťģ ¦ōŷ¾Ōǯ ƒǩâ ŌâȻ Ȕŷ Ȼŷȱǩ yŷȱeȱ¦â ǯȱ¾¾âǯǯƷ ?âƒǩť Ļŷȹ Ȕŷ ȱǯâ ȔĻ⌠âăăâ¾ȔŀȸâōȻ Ȕŷ ģâȔ ƨâŷƨōâ ȹƒȔ¾Ļŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ȸŀÏâŷǯ ö ƒťÏ Ȕŷ âƒǩť Ȼŷȱ ŚŷťâȻƷ yŷȱ ¾ƒť ¾ǩâƒȔâ ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ÏâȸŷȔâÏ Ȕŷ ÏŀăăâǩâťȔ Ȕŷƨŀ¾ǯ ȹĻŀōâ ȱǯŀťģ ȔĻâ ǯƒŚâ ōŷģŀť ÏâȔƒŀōǯ IC yIiei /1e Ìď
- 18. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e Ìć
- 19. 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ Ɓe/ s1I [?y u1EIu wŤŪȤ ŪȤ ɵŤĈȞĈ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ǝŽ£ɹȤ ƬƘ Ĉ£àŤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈǬ ;ɉ ŪƘàŽɦñĈȤ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£Ȟñ àƬƘɉȞƬŽŽĈȞȤǬ 4ȞƬƌ ŽĈĩɉ ɉƬ ȞŪŌŤɉ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ÈŽ£àŻ È£Ȟ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ÈƬɉɉƬƌè ǝŽ£ɹȩ ȤƬɦƘñ ɳƬŽɦƌĈȩ ɉŪƌĈȞȩ £ ÈɦɉɉƬƘ ĩƬȞ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈȕȤ ȌŽ£ɉàŤ K£ɉĈȞȏ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈȩ ƬǝɉŪƬƘȤȩ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞ ȤŪʂĈȩ £Ƙñ ĩɦŽŽŧȤàȞĈĈƘǬ wŤŪȤ ŪȤ àƬƘȤŪȤɉĈƘɉ £àȞƬȤȤ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞȤ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈ £Ƙñ ɵŤĈƘ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ɦȤŪƘŌ £ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£Ȟñ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ ǝŽ£ɹĈȞë £Ƙñ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤŪȤ ĩɦƘàɉŪƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹ ŪȤ £ŽȤƬ ȞĈǝŽŪà£ɉĈñ ɵŤĈƘ ɦȤŪƘŌ ƌƬÈŪŽĈ àŽŪĈƘɉȤǬ ȩs1I CE-CEe I[e1IEa wŤŪȤ £ǝǝĈ£ȞȤ ɵŤĈƘ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ŽƬŌŌĈñ ŪƘ £Ȥ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈȞǬ ;ɉ £ŽŽƬɵȤ ɹƬɦ ǿɦŪàŻ £ààĈȤȤ ɉƬ àƬƌƌƬƘ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈƌĈƘɉ ĩɦƘàɉŪƬƘȤ ĩƬȞ ĈñŪɉŪƘŌ £Ƙñ £ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬë ǝŽɦȤ ǡƬƘ ɉŤĈ ȞŪŌŤɉǤ ƬǝɉŪƬƘȤ ɉƬ ɳŪĈɵ ɉŤĈ £Ƙ£ŽɹɉŪàȤ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ £Ƙñ ŌƬ ɉƬ ŪɉȤ ǝ£ŌĈ ŪƘ ɹƬɦȞ ‹ŪñĈƬ O£Ƙ£ŌĈȞǬ ș/EE? e1?a wŤŪȤ ȤŤƬɵȤ ɹƬɦ ɉŤĈ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽ £Ƙñ Ƙ£ƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë £ŽƬƘŌ ɵŪɉŤ ǝȞƬɳŪñŪƘŌ ǿɦŪàŻ £ààĈȤȤ ɉƬ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ȤĈɉɉŪƘŌȤ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ŽƬŌŌĈñ ŪƘǬ ě[i?1 aeea wŤĈ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ Ƭĩ ɳŪĈɵȤ £Ƙñ ɉŤɦƌÈȤ ɦǝ £Ƙñ ñƬɵƘ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬǬ Ċe/iCa i[ E IuE wŤĈ ǝȞŪƌ£Ȟɹ ƌĈɉŤƬñ Ƭĩ ĩĈĈñÈ£àŻ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ ”ƬɦȕŽŽ ŽĈ£ȞƘ ɉƬ ŽƬɳĈ ɉŤĈ ɉŤɦƌÈȤŧɦǝ àƬɦƘɉĈȞģ ȅs1I e1?a w£ÈȤ ȤŤƬɵŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȕȤ ȌÈƬɦɉȏ ɉĈɷɉë ȤŤ£ȞŪƘŌ ƬǝɉŪƬƘȤë Ȍññ ɉƬėȏ ĩƬȞ £ññŪƘŌ ɉƬ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤë ñĈɉ£ŪŽĈñ Ȥɉ£ɉȤ ǡñŪȤ£ÈŽĈñ Èɹ ñĈĩ£ɦŽɉ ɦƘŽĈȤȤ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ £ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈȞ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ǝ£ŌĈǤ £Ƙñ ĩŽ£ŌŌŪƘŌ ǡɉƬ ȞĈǝƬȞɉ £ ɳŪñĈƬ £Ȥ ƬĩĩĈƘȤŪɳĈë ŪŽŽĈŌ£Ž ƬȞ ƬɉŤĈȞɵŪȤĈ ƬÈźĈàɉŪƬƘ£ÈŽĈǤǬ wŤŪȤ È£Ȟ ɵŪŽŽ £ŽȤƬ àƬƘɉ£ŪƘ £Ƙ ŪàƬƘ ĩƬȞ £ ɉȞ£ƘȤàȞŪǝɉ Ūĩ ƬƘĈ Ť£Ȥ ÈĈĈƘ ɦǝŽƬ£ñĈñ Èɹ ɉŤĈ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞǬ ǺICCEea ƬƌƌĈƘɉȤ £ȞĈ ƘƬɵ ŪƘɉĈŌȞ£ɉĈñ ɵŪɉŤ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷë 6ƬƬŌŽĈȕȤ ȤƬàŪ£Ž ƘĈɉɵƬȞŻë ɵŤŪàŤ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ɉŤĈɹ ȤŤƬɦŽñ £ǝǝĈ£Ȟ ɵŪɉŤ ȞĈ£Ž Ƙ£ƌĈȤ Ȟ£ɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ ǝȤĈɦñƬƘɹƌȤǬ ;ĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ɉŤĈ £ñƌŪƘ Ƭĩ £ ǝ£ŌĈë ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ñĈŽĈɉĈ ŪƘñŪɳŪñɦ£Ž àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤ £Ƙñ ÈŽƬàŻ ɦȤĈȞȤ ĩȞƬƌ ŤĈȞĈǬ ê1a[?y a wŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ɉɵƬ £ñȤ ŤĈȞĈǬ wŤĈ ɦǝǝĈȞ £ñ ǡŪƘ ɉŤŪȤ à£ȤĈ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ 8j ŤȞƬƌĈÈƬƬŻǤ ŪȤ £ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£Ȟñ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹ £ñë ɵŤŪàŤ ɦȤɦ£ŽŽɹ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈȤ ƬƘ ƌƬȤɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈȤë £Ƙñ ŪȤ ȞƬɦŌŤŽɹ ĈǿɦŪɳ£ŽĈƘɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£Ȟñ È£ƘƘĈȞ £ñ ɹƬɦ ȤĈĈ ƬƘ ɵĈÈȤŪɉĈȤ ĈɳĈȞɹɵŤĈȞĈǬ wŤĈ ƬƘĈ ÈĈŽƬɵ Ūɉ ŪȤ ŻƘƬɵƘ £Ȥ £ wȞɦĈ‹ŪĈɵ ŪƘŧñŪȤǝŽ£ɹ £ñ Ĝ ĈĩĩĈàɉŪɳĈŽɹë ÈƬɦŌŤɉ Ȥǝ£àĈ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ £ ɳŪñĈƬ Èɹ £ ÈȞ£Ƙñ ɉŤ£ɉ ŪȤ ŤƬȤɉĈñ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ ŽĈȕŽŽ ɉ£ŽŻ ƌƬȞĈ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ £ñ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉȤ Ž£ɉĈȞǬ Ūai--ae s1Ia wŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ÈĈŽƬɵ ɉŤĈ wȞɦĈ‹ŪĈɵ ŪƘŧñŪȤǝŽ£ɹ £ñ £ȞĈ ȤɦŌŌĈȤɉĈñ È£ȤĈñ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤŪȤ ɳŪñĈƬë ɦȤŪƘŌ £Ƙ £ŽŌƬȞŪɉŤƌ ɉŤ£ɉ ñȞ£ɵȤ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ ɉŪɉŽĈ £Ƙñ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪƬƘ ǝŽɦȤ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ Ť£ÈŪɉȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ ɳŪĈɵŪƘŌǬ e/ s1I ÷ yIiei ue/ [- y ½ Ì ď ć ‡ ù ý IC yIiei /1e Ì
- 20. IC yIiei /1e Ɓ/EE? EC Žɵ£ɹȤ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹĈñ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ɉƬǝ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝ£ŌĈë ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ƙ£ƌĈ ƘĈĈñȤ ɉƬ ÈĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉŪƘŌ £Ƙñ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪɳĈǬ wŤĈ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ɉŪàŻ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ɉŤ£ɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ť£Ȥ ÈĈĈƘ ɳĈȞŪĩŪĈñǬ ȩ/EE? 1IE E _e wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪàƬƘ ǡȤǿɦ£ȞĈë ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ŽĈĩɉǤ ŪȤ £ ŻĈɹ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ŪñĈƘɉŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ RƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ñƬĈȤ Ūɉ £ǝǝĈ£Ȟ ŤĈȞĈë Èɦɉ Ūɉ £ŽȤƬ ȤŤƬɵȤ ɵŤĈƘĈɳĈȞ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ǝǝĈ£ȞȤ £Ȥ £ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ȞĈȤɦŽɉë £Ƙñ ɵŤĈƘ ɹƬɦ àƬƌƌĈƘɉǬ ;ɉȕȤ £ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈȞ£ƘñŪƘŌ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ĝ ȤƬ ƌ£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ť£Ȥ £ ŌƬƬñ ƬƘĈǬ KŪŻĈɵŪȤĈë ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ȟɉ ǡɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞǤ ŪȤ £ ŻĈɹ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪȤɦ£Ž ŪñĈƘɉŪɉɹë ȤƬ ƌ£ŻĈ Ūɉ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ £ǝǝĈ£ŽŪƘŌǬ ș?1E=a KŪƘŻȤ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ɵĈÈȤŪɉĈ ǝŽɦȤ ȤƬàŪ£Ž ƌĈñŪ£ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤǬ ě/EE? e_1?_ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉȞ£ŪŽĈȞ ŪȤ £Ƙ ƬǝɉŪƬƘ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬ ɉŤ£ɉ £ǝǝĈ£ȞȤ ƬƘ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ǝ£ŌĈ ĩƬȞ £ƘɹƬƘĈ ɵŤƬ Ť£ȤƘȕɉ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈñë £ɦɉƬŧǝŽ£ɹŪƘŌ ɵŤĈƘ ɉŤĈɹ Ž£Ƙñ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ǝ£ŌĈǬ ;ɉȕȤ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ƬǝǝƬȞɉɦƘŪɉɹ ɉƬ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Èɹ ȤŤƬɵŪƘŌ Ƭĩĩ ɹƬɦȞ ÈĈȤɉ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ Ċ+ei_ /EE?a sĈŽĈàɉĈñ Èɹ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ƌ£Ƙ£ŌĈȞë ɉŤŪȤ ŽŪȤɉ ŪȤ £ ŌƬƬñ ƬǝǝƬȞɉɦƘŪɉɹ ɉƬ ĈŪɉŤĈȞ ǝȞƬƌƬɉĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ ȤƬƌĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ȞĈŽ£ɉŪƬƘȤŤŪǝ ɵŪɉŤë ƬȞ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ǝɦɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪƘɉƬ àƬƘɉĈɷɉǬ ȅ[?y?1ae ?I=a $£àŤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈŽƬàŻȤ ŤĈȞĈ ŪȤ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉë ŪƘàŽɦñŪƘŌ ñĈĩ£ɦŽɉ ƬƘĈȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȞĈàĈƘɉ ɦǝŽƬ£ñȤ £Ƙñ ǝƬǝɦŽ£Ȟ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ wŤĈȤĈ à£Ƙ ÈĈ £ƌĈƘñĈñ £Ƙñ ȞĈƬȞñĈȞĈñ ɉƬ ȤɦŪɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ Ǻ_?e /EE?a wŤŪȤ ŽŪȤɉ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ŪȤ £ɦɉƬƌ£ɉŪ࣎Žɹ ŌĈƘĈȞ£ɉĈñ Èɹ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ñĈǝĈƘñŪƘŌ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ Ɓ[?y?1ae e1e? ŽŤĈƘ £ ɦȤĈȞ ĈƘɉĈȞȤ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉë ɉŤĈ Ž£ɹƬɦɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈ àŤ£ƘŌĈȤ £Ƙñ ɉŤŪȤ ÈƬɷ £ǝǝĈ£ȞȤë ŪƘàŽɦñŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ɉŪɉŽĈ £Ƙñ Ƙ£ƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ ȩ[?y?1ae IEe_I?a $£àŤ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ Ť£Ȥ £ ȤĈǝ£Ȟ£ɉĈ ȤĈɉ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉȞƬŽȤë £ŽŽƬɵŪƘŌ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ ȤŻŪǝ ĩƬȞɵ£ȞñȤ £Ƙñ È£àŻɵ£ȞñȤë KŪŻĈ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ £Ȥ £ ɵŤƬŽĈë £Ƙñ ȤĈɉ Ūɉ ɉƬ Ȟ£ƘñƬƌ ƬȞ ȞĈǝĈ£ɉ ǝŽ£ɹǬ șs1I e1e?a wŤĈ ɉŪɉŽĈ £Ƙñ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞ Ƭĩ Ĉ£àŤ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ ŽŪȤɉĈñ ŤĈȞĈë £ŽŽƬɵŪƘŌ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ àŽŪàŻ ƬƘ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘǬ RƬɉĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ŪƘàŽɦñĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ĩȞƬƌ £Ƙɹ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞ ŪƘ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉë ɵŤŪàŤ ƌ£ŻĈȤ ɉŤĈƌ £ ǝƬɵĈȞĩɦŽ ɉƬƬŽ ĩƬȞ àɦȞ£ɉŪƘŌ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ĩȞƬƌ £àȞƬȤȤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ e/ /EE? e/ [?y?1ae Ì Ì ď ć ď ć ‡ ù ý IC yIiei /1e ̇
- 21. 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ uĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ yŷȱeȱ¦â ǯâƒǩ¾Ļ Ȕŀ¾ŌNj Ȥ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ŪȤ ĩƬƘñ Ƭĩ Ȥ£ɹŪƘŌë Ūĩ Ūɉ ɵĈȞĈ £ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ£ŽƬƘĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ĈƘŌŪƘĈë ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɵƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ɉŤĈ ȤĈàƬƘñŧÈŪŌŌĈȤɉ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñ £ĩɉĈȞ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ŪɉȤĈŽĩǬ O£ŻŪƘŌ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ñŪȤàƬɳĈȞĈñ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ŪȤ £ ŻĈɹ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ Ō£ŪƘŪƘŌ ɳŪĈɵȤ £Ƙñ ĩŪƘñŪƘŌ £ ŽƬƘŌŧɉĈȞƌë ĈƘŌ£ŌĈñ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈǬ sɦààĈĈñ £ɉ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ £Ƙñ ɹƬɦȕɳĈ ñƬƘĈ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŻǬ 4ŪȞȤɉë ɉŤĈ ŌƬƬñ ƘĈɵȤǬ XƘ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤë ŪɉȕȤ ŪƘàȞĈñŪÈŽɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŌĈɉȤ ɉƬ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ ƬƘĈ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ǝ£ŌĈë ɵŪɉŤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë £ ƘɦƌÈĈȞŧƬƘĈ Ȟ£ƘŻŪƘŌ ŪȤ ŽĈȤȤ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ Ĝ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ƌƬȞĈ ɵ£ɹȤ ɉƬ ÈĈ ñŪȤàƬɳĈȞĈñë ɉƬƬǬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉĈƘñ ɉƬ àŽŪàŻ ƬƘ ƌƬȞĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ŪƘ £ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ɉŤ£Ƙ ñƬ 6ƬƬŌŽĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ɦȤĈȞȤǬ wŤŪȤ ŪȤ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽɹ ÈĈà£ɦȤĈ ɉŤĈ Ƙ£ɉɦȞĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪȤ ǿɦŪɉĈ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉë ȤƬ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɵŪŽŽ ŌƬ È£àŻ £Ƙñ ĩƬȞɉŤ ÈĈɉɵĈĈƘ £ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ȞĈȤɦŽɉȤ ǝ£ŌĈ £Ƙñ ȤƬƌĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ wŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ƬɉŤĈȞ ɵ£ɹȤ ĩƬȞ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɉƬ ĩŪƘñ ɹƬɦë ɉƬƬǬ pĈƌĈƌÈĈȞ ɉŤ£ɉ ƬƘ Ĉ£àŤ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈë ɉŤĈȞĈȕȤ £ŽȤƬ £ ȤĈŽĈàɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈñ ɳŪñĈƬȤ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ȤŪñĈë ɵŤŪàŤ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ƬĩɉĈƘ àŽŪàŻ ƬƘ £ĩɉĈȞ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ñƬƘĈ ɵŪɉŤ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£Ȟ ɳŪñĈƬǬ Ĉà£ɦȤĈ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ƬɵƘȤ ɉŤĈ ɵŤƬŽĈ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈë ŪɉȕȤ ŻĈĈƘ ĩƬȞ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ £Ȥ ƌɦàŤ ɳŪñĈƬ £Ȥ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈ Ĝ ɵŤŪàŤ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ĈɳĈƘ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ƘƬɉ ƘɦƌÈĈȞ ƬƘĈ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ǝ£ŌĈë ɹƬɦ ȤɉŪŽŽ Ť£ɳĈ £ àŤ£ƘàĈǬ |ǝ ɦƘɉŪŽ O£ȞàŤ ɛʆƳɛë ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɦȤĈñ £ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ȤŪƌǝŽĈ ɵ£ɹ Ƭĩ Ȟ£ƘŻŪƘŌ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤè ɉŤĈ ƌƬȞĈ ɳŪĈɵȤ ɹƬɦ Ť£ñë ɉŤĈ ŤŪŌŤĈȞ ɹƬɦ Ȟ£ƘŻĈñǬ $ɳĈƘ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɵĈȞĈ ǝŽ£ɹĈñ ƬƘŽɹ ĩƬȞ ɉĈƘ ȤĈàƬƘñȤ Ĉ£àŤ ÈĈĩƬȞĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ È£ŪŽĈñ Ƭɦɉë ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ɳŪĈɵȤ ɵƬƘǬ RƬɉ ȤɦȞǝȞŪȤŪƘŌŽɹë ɉŤŪȤ ŽĈñ ɉƬ ƌ£Ƙɹ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ Ō£ƌŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ȤɹȤɉĈƌǬ |ƘȤàȞɦǝɦŽƬɦȤ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞȤ ɵƬɦŽñ ǝɦɉ £ ǝƬǝɦŽ£Ȟ Ūƌ£ŌĈ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽ ƬƘ £ ǝŪĈàĈ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬë ĈɳĈƘ Ūĩ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽ Ť£ñ ƘƬɉŤŪƘŌ ɉƬ ñƬ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬë £Ƙñ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵƬɦŽñ àŽŪàŻ ƬƘ ŪɉǬ wŤĈɹȕñ ɵ£ɉàŤ ĩƬȞ ɉĈƘ ȤĈàƬƘñȤë ȞĈ£ŽŪȤĈ Ūɉ Ť£ñ ƘƬɉŤŪƘŌ ɉƬ ñƬ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽë £Ƙñ ŌƬ ȤƬƌĈɵŤĈȞĈ ĈŽȤĈ Ĝ Èɦɉ £Ȥ ĩ£Ȟ £Ȥ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ɵ£Ȥ àƬƘàĈȞƘĈñë ɉŤŪȤ ɵ£Ȥ £ ɳŪĈɵ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈȞĈĩƬȞĈ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ɵƬɦŽñ Ȟ£ƘŻ ŤŪŌŤĈȞǬ XÈɳŪƬɦȤŽɹë ɉŤŪȤ ɵ£ȤƘȕɉ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ŽĈ£ñ ɉƬ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈ ĩƬȞ ɦȤĈȞȤ Ĝ ȤƬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àƬƌǝŽĈɉĈŽɹ àŤ£ƘŌĈñ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ Ūɉ Ȟ£ƘŻĈñ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ RƬɵë ɳŪñĈƬȤ £ȞĈ Ȟ£ƘŻĈñ £ààƬȞñŪƘŌ ɉƬ ŤƬɵ ɉŤĈɹ Ť£ɳĈ àƬƘɉȞŪÈɦɉĈñ ɉƬ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘȤ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ sƬë Ūĩ £ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ àƬƘȤŪȤɉĈƘɉŽɹ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ £ ŽƬƘŌ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë Ūɉ ɵŪŽŽ Ȟ£ƘŻ ŤŪŌŤĈȞ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤǬ m|; m|$sw;XRǬǬǬ ŽŤŪàŤ ɳŪñĈƬ ñƬ ɹƬɦ ɉŤŪƘŻ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɵƬɦŽñ Ȟ£ƘŻ ŤŪŌŤĈȤɉ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤȀ ƶ ĩŪɳĈŧƌŪƘɦɉĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉĈƘ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤȀ ɞ ƳɛŧƌŪƘɦɉĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉĈƘ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ ȷʆǩ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤȀ Ɏ ɉŤȞĈĈŧƌŪƘɦɉĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ɉŤ£ɉ ɛʆ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ ƬƘĈ ƌŪƘɦɉĈ Ĉ£àŤ ƬĩȀ ƘȤɵĈȞè ;ɉ ñĈǝĈƘñȤģ R” Ƭĩ ɉŤĈƌ àƬɦŽñ ĈƘñ ɦǝ ɉŤĈ ŤŪŌŤĈȤɉ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤǬ _E=1E-a 1ă Ȼŷȱ ȹƒťȔ Ȼŷȱǩ ȸŀÏâŷ Ȕŷ ¦â ȹƒȔ¾ĻâÏ ¦Ȼ ƒǯ ŚƒťȻ ƨâŷƨōâ ƒǯ ƨŷǯǯŀ¦ōâÉ Ȼŷȱ ťââÏ Ȕŷ ģâȔ Ȕŷ ȔĻâ Ȕŷƨ ŷă ȔĻâ ǯâƒǩ¾Ļ ǩƒťŌŀťģǯƷ aŷ Ļŷȹ Ïŷ Ȼŷȱ ƒ¾Ļŀâȸâ ȔĻƒȔNj ⾃ȱǯâ yŷȱeȱ¦â ŷȹťǯ ȔĻâ ȹĻŷōâ âȺƨâǩŀâť¾âÉ ŀȔǠǯ Ōââť ăŷǩ ȱǯâǩǯ Ȕŷ ȹƒȔ¾Ļ ƒǯ Śȱ¾Ļ ȸŀÏâŷ ƒǯ ƨŷǯǯŀ¦ōâ IC yIiei /1e Ìý
- 22. IC yIiei /1e u/e IiEea a aaa1IEǍ ƬĈȤƘȕɉ ɉŤŪȤ ƌĈ£Ƙ ŽƬƘŌ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉŤ£ɉ £ȞĈ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ ĩƬȞ £ ŤŪŌŤĈȞ £ɳĈȞ£ŌĈ ǝĈȞàĈƘɉ£ŌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈŪȞ ŽĈƘŌɉŤ ɵŪŽŽ Ȟ£ƘŻ ƌƬȞĈ ŤŪŌŤŽɹȀ RƬɉ ƘĈàĈȤȤ£ȞŪŽɹǬ ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ ŽƬƘŌ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ £ ŽƬɉ Ƭĩ ɵŪŽŽ ñƬ ɵĈŽŽë ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɉ£ŻĈȤ ŪƘɉƬ àƬƘȤŪñĈȞ£ɉŪƬƘ ɉŤĈ ɵŤƬŽĈ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈë ƘƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ɉŤ£ɉ Ƭĩ £Ƙ ŪƘñŪɳŪñɦ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬǬ 4ƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë Ūƌ£ŌŪƘĈ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ £ ȤŤƬȞɉ ɳŪñĈƬ Ĝ Ȥ£ɹ ɉɵƬ ƌŪƘɦɉĈȤ ŽƬƘŌǬ wŤŪȤ ɳŪñĈƬ Ť£Ȥ £Ƙ £ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƬƘ ƬƘ Ūɉ ɉŤ£ɉë ɵŤĈƘ àŽŪàŻĈñ ƬƘë ɉ£ŻĈȤ ɦȤĈȞȤ ƬƘ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ƘĈɷɉ ĈǝŪȤƬñĈ ŪƘ £ ȤĈȞŪĈȤë ɵŤŪàŤ ŪȤ ĩŪɳĈ ƌŪƘɦɉĈȤ ŽƬƘŌǬ |ȤĈȞȤ ɉŤĈƘ ɉĈƘñ ɉƬ ŌƬ ƬƘ ɉƬ £ƘƬɉŤĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬ £ĩɉĈȞ ɉŤŪȤ ƬƘĈǬ $ɳĈƘ ɉŤƬɦŌŤ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ ǿɦŪɉĈ ȤŤƬȞɉë ɉŤĈ £ɳĈȞ£ŌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ Ĝ ɉŤĈ ɉŪƌĈ ȤǝĈƘɉ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ Ĝ àƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ŽƬƘŌǬ ;ĩ ɉŤŪȤ ɵĈȞĈ ɉŤĈ à£ȤĈë ɉŤĈ ȤŤƬȞɉ ɳŪñĈƬ àƬɦŽñ ƬɦɉȞ£ƘŻ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ŽƬƘŌĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬǬ C=1E- yIi_ s1Ia _E= ee_ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ Ƙ£ŽɹɉŪàȤ ŌŪɳĈȤ ɹƬɦ ǝŽĈƘɉɹ Ƭĩ ɉƬƬŽȤ ɉƬ ŤĈŽǝ ɹƬɦ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ŤƬɵ ɵĈŽŽ £ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ǝĈȞĩƬȞƌ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤǬ wŤĈ ŻĈɹ ɉƬƬŽ ŪȤ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈë ɵŤŪàŤ ŽĈɉȤ ɹƬɦ ȤĈĈ £ ɉƬɉ£Ž Ƭĩ ƌŪƘɦɉĈȤ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ ĩƬȞ Ĉ£àŤ ɳŪñĈƬǬ wŤŪȤ ȤŤƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ɉŤĈ ŻĈɹ ǝĈȞĩƬȞƌ£ƘàĈ ŪƘñŪà£ɉƬȞ ĩƬȞ £ŽŽ ɹƬɦȞ ɵƬȞŻè ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈë ƘƬɉ ɳŪĈɵȤë ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɉŤŪƘŌ ɉƬ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉǬ wŤĈ È£ñ ƘĈɵȤ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈ ŪȤ ƬƘŽɹ £Ƙ ŪƘñŪà£ɉƬȞë ƘƬɉ £Ƙ £ÈȤƬŽɦɉĈŽɹ ȞĈŽŪ£ÈŽĈ ƌĈ£ȤɦȞĈ Ƭĩ ŤƬɵ ɵĈŽŽ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ɵŪŽŽ ñƬǬ pĈƌĈƌÈĈȞ ɉŤ£ɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŽƬƬŻȤ £ɉ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈë ƘƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ŤƬɵ ƌɦàŤ Ƭĩ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵ£ɉàŤǬ 8ƬɵĈɳĈȞë ɦƘɉŪŽ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ £ŽŽƬɵȤ ɦȤ ɉƬ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈ Ƭĩ £ ɳŪñĈƬ Ĝ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ Ūɉ ƌŪŌŤɉ ñƬ ŪƘ ĩɦɉɦȞĈ Ĝ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ ƌĈɉȞŪà ɵĈ Ť£ɳĈ ĩƬȞ ƌĈ£ȤɦȞŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ǝĈȞĩƬȞƌ£ƘàĈ Ƭĩ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ǝŪĈàĈȤ Ƭĩ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ɦɉ ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ñƬ ɉƬ ŤĈŽǝ ÈɦŪŽñ ɦǝ ɉŤĈ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈ ƬƘ ĈɳĈȞɹ ɳŪñĈƬ ɹƬɦ ǝƬȤɉǬ uƒȔ¾Ļ ȔŀŚâÉ ťŷȔ ȸŀâȹǯÉ ǯĻŷȱōÏ ¦â ȔĻâ ŌâȻ ƨâǩăŷǩŚƒť¾â ŀťÏŀ¾ƒȔŷǩ ăŷǩ ƒōō Ȼŷȱǩ ȹŷǩŌ IC yIiei /1e Ìù
- 23. 1Ee_Iie1IE ƶ Ɓee_e s1u_a e/ _1-/e uy wŤŪȤ ƌ£ɹ ȤƬɦƘñ ƬÈɳŪƬɦȤë Èɦɉ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȞĈ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɹƬɦ £ɉɉȞ£àɉ ɉŤĈ ÈĈɉɉĈȞǬ 8ƬɵĈɳĈȞë £ɉɉȞ£àɉŪƘŌ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ Èɹ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɉȞŪàŻȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵƬȞŻĈñ È£àŻ ɵŤĈƘ ɳŪĈɵȤ ɵĈȞĈ ɉŤĈ ƬƘŽɹ ƌĈɉȞŪà ɉŤ£ɉ àƬɦƘɉĈñ ŪȤ ƘƬɵ àƬɦƘɉĈȞǝȞƬñɦàɉŪɳĈè Ūĩ ɹƬɦ ǝȞƬƌŪȤĈ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɵŪɉŤ ɹƬɦȞ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽ Ūƌ£ŌĈ £Ƙñ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪƬƘ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈƘ ñƬƘȕɉ ñĈŽŪɳĈȞ Ūɉ ŪƘ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɵŪŽŽ ǿɦŪàŻŽɹ ŌƬ £ɵ£ɹ £Ƙñ ɹƬɦȞ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ Ȥƌ£ŽŽǬ pĈƌĈƌÈĈȞ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽȤ £Ƙñ ɉŪɉŽĈ £ȞĈ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ɉŤŪƘŌ £ ɳŪĈɵĈȞ ɵŪŽŽ ȤĈĈ ɵŤĈƘ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪȤ ȤɦŌŌĈȤɉĈñ ɉƬ ɉŤĈƌ Èɹ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪɳĈ £Ƙñ £ɉɉȞ£àɉŪɳĈ ɉŤɦƌÈƘ£ŪŽȤë £Ƙñ ŌŪɳĈ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ àƬƌǝĈŽŽŪƘŌ ɉŪɉŽĈȤ Ĝ Èɦɉ ƌ£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɉŤĈɹ £ààɦȞ£ɉĈŽɹ ȞĈǝȞĈȤĈƘɉ ɉŤĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ȩ[?y?1aea XȞŌ£ƘŪȤŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪƘɉƬ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ ŪȤ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ɵ£ɹ ɉƬ ŻĈĈǝ ȤƬƌĈƬƘĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ÈĈɹƬƘñ ɉŤĈ ĈƘñ Ƭĩ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ɳŪñĈƬǬ ɦɉ ƌ£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦ ǝɦɉ ȤƬƌĈ ɉŤƬɦŌŤɉ ŪƘɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤè Ūɉ ŪȤƘȕɉ ĈƘƬɦŌŤ ɉƬ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ȤŤƬɳĈŽ ŽƬɉȤ Ƭĩ ɳĈȞɹ ñŪĩĩĈȞĈƘɉ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ŪƘɉƬ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ŤƬǝĈ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵŪŽŽ ŻĈĈǝ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌǬ ;ƘȤɉĈ£ñë Ūƌ£ŌŪƘĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ àɦȞ£ɉŪƘŌ £ ȤĈɉ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ ŽŤĈƘ ɹƬɦ ǝɦɉ ƬƘĈ ɳŪñĈƬ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉë Ūƌ£ŌŪƘĈ ɹƬɦȞȤĈŽĩ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£àĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɳŪĈɵĈȞë £Ƙñ £ȤŻ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹ ɵƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘ ƘĈɷɉǬ 4ƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë Ūĩ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ £ŽŽ £ÈƬɦɉ ǝȞƬñɦàɉ ȞĈɳŪĈɵȤë ǝɦɉ ɉƬŌĈɉŤĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ Ƭĩ àƬƌǝĈɉŪƘŌ ǝȞƬñɦàɉȤ ŪƘɉƬ £ ȤŪƘŌŽĈ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ĩƬȞ ɉŤ£ɉ ǝȞƬñɦàɉ à£ɉĈŌƬȞɹǬ ŽĈȕŽŽ ŌƬ ŪƘɉƬ ƌƬȞĈ ñĈɉ£ŪŽ ƬƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ŌĈɉ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ŪƘɉƬ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ £Ƙñ ƬǝɉŪƌŪȤĈ ɉŤĈŪȞ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈ Ž£ɉĈȞǬ ș=[ [I[? ue/1E- XÈɳŪƬɦȤŽɹë ɉŤĈ ŽƬƘŌĈȞ ȤƬƌĈƬƘĈ ɵ£ɉàŤĈȤ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉŤĈ ÈĈɉɉĈȞǬ ɦɉ ɉŤŪȤ ŪȤƘȕɉ ƬƘŽɹ £ÈƬɦɉ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ àƬƌǝĈŽŽŪƘŌ àƬƘɉĈƘɉè ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ £ŽȤƬ ÈƬȞȞƬɵ £ ĩĈɵ ɉȞŪàŻȤ ĩȞƬƌ w‹Ǭ wŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ Ž£Ȥɉ ɉŪƌĈ ɹƬɦ ɵ£ɉàŤĈñ w‹ ɵŪɉŤ £ñȤǬ Ūñ £ƘɹƬƘĈ Ȥ£ɹ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȌĩŪƘñ Ƭɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ Ť£ǝǝĈƘȤ £ĩɉĈȞ ɉŤĈ ÈȞĈ£Żȏ ƬȞ ȌŽ£ɉĈȞ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌĈë ɵĈȕŽŽ ɉĈŽŽ ɹƬɦ ŤƬɵėȏȀ wŤĈȤĈ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɳĈȞÈ£Ž ǝȞƬƌǝɉȤ £ȞĈ ñĈȤŪŌƘĈñ ɉƬ ŻĈĈǝ ɹƬɦ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌë ŻĈĈǝŪƘŌ ɹƬɦ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ɵŪɉŤƬɦɉ ŌŪɳŪƘŌ £ɵ£ɹ ɵŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ Ť£ǝǝĈƘǬ $ɳĈƘ ɉŤƬɦŌŤ ŪɉȕȤ Ĉ£Ȥɹ ɉƬ ȤŻŪǝ £ŤĈ£ñ ŪƘ £ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ɳŪñĈƬë ɉŤŪȤ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ɳĈȞÈ£Ž ƬȞ ɳŪȤɦ£Ž ǝȞƬƌǝɉ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ɵƬȞŻȤǬ sƬ ɦȤĈ ĈɳĈȞɹ ɉȞŪàŻ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ɉƬ ŻĈĈǝ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌģ ȹƒȻǯ Ȕŷ ¦ȱŀōÏ ȱƨ Ȼŷȱǩ ǯâǯǯŀŷť ȔŀŚâ sâǩ¦ƒō ƒťÏ ȸŀǯȱƒō ƨǩŷŚƨȔǯ ǩâƒōōȻ ȹŷǩŌÆ ȱǯâ âȸâǩȻ Ȕǩŀ¾Ō Ȼŷȱ ¾ƒť IC yIiei /1e Ìy Bę º‘ Bº BĄĄðB]Ą ęs Ąœē³SºB ª Bºh hsĄB ªsh hsô]ð ÖĄ ĺ ³B©sô ĜÄēð ]ĺĄsºĄ ôĄBºh ÄēĄ º ôsBð]œ ðsôēªĄôÜ
- 24. IC yIiei /1e ě[_I-_CC yIi_ IEeEe jȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌŪƘŌ ŪȤ £ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ £ àƬƌǝĈŽŽŪƘŌ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ɵŤŪàŤ ɵĈȕŽŽ àƬɳĈȞ Ž£ɉĈȞǬ $ȤȤĈƘɉŪ£ŽŽɹë Ūɉ ŪƘɳƬŽɳĈȤ àȞĈ£ɉĈñ £ ȞĈŌɦŽ£Ȟ ȤàŤĈñɦŽĈë ŽĈɉɉŪƘŌ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ŻƘƬɵ ŪƘ £ñɳ£ƘàĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕŽŽ ÈĈ ñƬŪƘŌ àĈȞɉ£ŪƘ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ £ɉ àĈȞɉ£ŪƘ ɉŪƌĈȤǬ ;ɉ ɵƬȞŻȤ ÈĈà£ɦȤĈ Ūɉ ÈɦŪŽñȤ ĈɷǝĈàɉ£ɉŪƬƘ £ƌƬƘŌ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤè Ūĩ ɉŤĈɹ ŽŪŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ɉŤĈɹȕŽŽ àƬƌĈ È£àŻ ĈɳĈȞɹ ƌƬƘɉŤë ɵĈĈŻ ƬȞ ñ£ɹ ɉƬ ȤĈĈ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ñƬŪƘŌǬ ȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɉŤŪȤ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ȤàŤĈñɦŽĈ ĈƘàƬɦȞ£ŌĈȤ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ ȤĈɉȤ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ wŤŪƘŻ Ƭĩ ɉŤŪȤ £Ȥ ȌɉŤĈ ÈƬɷŧȤĈɉ ĈĩĩĈàɉȏ Ĝ ɵŤĈƘ ȤƬƌĈƬƘĈ ȤŪɉȤ ñƬɵƘ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ĈǝŪȤƬñĈ Ƭĩ £ ÈƬɷ ȤĈɉë £Ƙñ ĈƘñȤ ɦǝ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ ĩŪɳĈ ŪƘ £ ȞƬɵǬ ”Ƭɦ à£Ƙ ĈɷǝŽƬŪɉ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ ĈĩĩĈàɉǬ wŤŪƘŻ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ £Ȥ ĈǝŪȤƬñĈȤë Ȟ£ɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ ƬƘĈŧƬĩĩȤǬ £Ƙ ɹƬɦ ĈƘàƬɦȞ£ŌĈ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɉƬ Ȍɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŤĈ ƘĈɷɉ ĈǝŪȤƬñĈȏȀ Ċ?1E= u1e/ EEIee1IEa 4ŪƘ£ŽŽɹë ñƬƘȕɉ ĩƬȞŌĈɉ ɉƬ ɦȤĈ £ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƬƘȤ ɉƬ ŽŪƘŻ ɉƬ ƬɉŤĈȞ ȞĈŽĈɳ£Ƙɉ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƬƘȤ £ȞĈ £ññĈñ ɉƬ ɳŪñĈƬȤ £ĩɉĈȞ ɹƬɦȕɳĈ ɦǝŽƬ£ñĈñ ɉŤĈƌë £Ƙñ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ɦȤĈñ ɉƬ ŽŪƘŻ ɉƬ £Ƙɹ ǝƬŪƘɉ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬë È£àŻ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ɵĈÈȤŪɉĈë ƬȞ Ĝ £Ƙñ ɉŤŪȤ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ÈŪɉ Ĝ ɉƬ £Ƙɹ ƬɉŤĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬ ƬȞ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ ŽĈȕŽŽ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ɵŤĈȞĈ ɉƬ ǝɦɉ £ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƬƘȤ Ž£ɉĈȞ ƬƘë Èɦɉ ĩƬȞ ƘƬɵ ȞĈƌĈƌÈĈȞ ɉŤ£ɉ ɦȤŪƘŌ £ƘƘƬɉ£ɉŪƬƘȤ ɉƬ ŌĈɉ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ƬƘ ɉƬ ƬɉŤĈȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɵŤĈƘ ɉŤĈɹ ƌŪŌŤɉ ƬɉŤĈȞɵŪȤĈ ŽĈ£ɳĈ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪȤ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ ɵ£ɹ ɉƬ ŪƘàȞĈ£ȤĈ ɹƬɦȞ ȤĈȤȤŪƬƘ ɉŪƌĈǬ Ƙñ Ūĩ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ŽŪƘŻ ɉŤĈƌ ɉƬ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ĈƘàƬɦȞ£ŌĈȤ ɉŤĈƌ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ƬƘĈ ƌƬȞĈ ɳŪñĈƬë ĈɳĈƘ ÈĈɉɉĈȞģ 1ă ȸŀâȹâǩǯ ōŀŌâ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ŷťȔâťȔÉ ȔĻâȻǠōō ¾ŷŚâ ¦ƒ¾Ō âȸâǩȻ ŚŷťȔĻÉ ȹââŌ ŷǩ σȻ IC yIiei /1e ̽ .ēĄĄ º‘ ĄÄ‘sĄœsð Ąœs³BĄ ] ÖªBĜª ôĄô ôē]œ Bô Ąœsôs BªĚBĜô œsªÖô ĄÄ sěĄsºh ôsôô ĺ Ą ³sÜ ;œÄ hÄsôºíĄ ĚBºĄ ĄÄ ĚBĄ]œ ªÄĄô Ä„ hðB‘ ðB]sôæ =Äē3ēSs BºBªĜĄ ]ô ô Ąœs ÖªB]s ĄÄ „ ºh ÄēĄ ĜÄēð ÄęsðBªª ĚBĄ]œ Ą ³s ~ Bºh Ąœ ô ę hsÄ ºsshô ôijs ĚÄð©‚ .BðĄ Ä„ B ÖªBĜª ôĄe Bºh Ě Ąœ Bº BººÄĄBĄ ĺ ĄÄ sº]ÄēðB‘s ĜÄē ĄÄ ĚBĄ]œ ³Äðs ~ Ąœ ô ę hsÄ ô ª ©sªĜ ĄÄ º]ðsBôs ÄęsðBªª ôsôô ĺ Ą ³sÜ
- 25. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ďģ
- 26. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ďÌ e Ļâ ¾Ļƒťťâō ŀǯ ȔĻâ ăŷȱťÏƒȔŀŷť ŷă âȸâǩȻȔĻŀťģ ŷť yŷȱeȱ¦âÉ ƒťÏ ăŷǩ ŀȔ Ȕŷ ǯȱ¾¾ââÏ Ȼŷȱ ťââÏ Ȕŷ Ȕȱǩť ŀȔ ŀťȔŷ ƒ ¾ŷŚŚȱťŀȔȻƷ /âǩâÉ ȹâǠōō ōŷŷŌ ƒȔ ȹĻƒȔ Ȼŷȱ ťââÏ Ȕŷ Ïŷ ¦âăŷǩâ Ȼŷȱ ǯȔƒǩȔ ȱƨōŷƒÏŀťģ Ƭŷǩ âȸâť ¾ǩâƒȔŀťģƯ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ŷťȔâťȔÉ ƒťÏ âȺƒŚŀťâ ȔĻâ ăâƒȔȱǩâǯ ȔĻƒȔ ǯâƨƒǩƒȔâ ŷǩÏŀťƒǩȻ ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ăǩŷŚ ȔĻâ ǯȱ¾¾âǯǯăȱō ŷťâǯƷ uâǠōō ǩȱť ȔĻǩŷȱģĻ ȔĻâ ŚŷǯȔ ŀŚƨŷǩȔƒťȔ ƒǯƨâ¾Ȕǯ ŷă ¾Ļƒťťâō ¾ǩâƒȔŀŷť ö ŷťâǯ ȔĻƒȔ ƒǩâ ŷăȔâť ťâģōâ¾ȔâÏ ŀť ȔĻâ ǩƒ¾â Ȕŷ ȱƨōŷƒÏ ȔĻâ ¾ŷťȔâťȔ ö ƒťÏ ȱť¾ŷȸâǩ ȔĻâ ǯâ¾ǩâȔǯ Ȕŷ ŚƒŌŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ōŷŷŌ ƒǯ ŀă ŀȔ ȹâǩâ ƨȱȔ ȔŷģâȔĻâǩ ¦Ȼ ƒ yŷȱeȱ¦â âȺƨâǩȔƷ ȩȩuĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ ƒ ģǩâƒȔ ¾ĻƒťťâōNj KĈ£ȞƘ ŤƬɵ ɉƬ ÈɦŪŽñ £ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ĩ£ƘȤ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ ȩěuĻƒȔ ŌŀťÏ ŷă ¾Ļƒťťâō ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱ ŚƒŌŀťģNj ŤƬƬȤŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ȞŪŌŤɉ ɉƬǝŪà £Ƙñ ɉ£ȞŌĈɉ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ŪȤ ɳŪɉ£Ž ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ȤɦààĈȤȤǬ ȩêǩâƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōÆ ƒǩȔ Ïâǯŀģť sĈɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ ȞĈȤɉ ɵŪɉŤ ŤŪŌŤŧǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ £ȞɉɵƬȞŻǬ șȩǩâƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōÆ Ïâǯ¾ǩŀƨȔŀŷť ōŀťŌǯ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ñĈȤàȞŪǝɉŪƬƘ ŪȤ £ààɦȞ£ɉĈŽɹ ȤĈŽŽŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉǬ șȅyŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ǯȱ¦ǯ¾ǩŀ¦âÏȌ ȱťǯȱ¦ǯ¾ǩŀ¦âÏ ȸŀâȹǯ |ȤĈ ɉŤŪȤ ɉƬƬŽ ɉƬ ŤĈŽǝ ɹƬɦ àƬƘɳĈȞɉ à£Ȥɦ£Ž ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ŪƘɉƬ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤǬ ěɆaâ¾Ȕŀŷťǯ ŷť Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ƨƒģâ ȞŪɳĈ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ ƬƘɉƬ ƌƬȞĈ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ Èɹ ɦȤŪƘŌ ȤĈàɉŪƬƘȤǬ 1E e/1a /[e_ CƒŌŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ȩ
- 27. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ďď uĻƒȔ ŚƒŌâǯ ƒ ģǩâƒȔ ¾ĻƒťťâōNj eĻâ ¦âǯȔ yŷȱeȱ¦â ¾Ļƒťťâōǯ ģŷ ¦âȻŷťÏ ǯŀŚƨōȻ ƨǩŷȸŀÏŀťģ ģǩâƒȔ ¾ŷťȔâťȔƷ ?âƒǩť Ļŷȹ Ȼŷȱ ¾ƒť ¦ȱŀōÏ ƒ ƨƒǯǯŀŷťƒȔâ ¾ŷŚŚȱťŀȔȻ ŷă ăƒťǯ ăŷǩ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōƷ ŌȞĈ£ɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ŽŪŻĈ £ ŌȞĈ£ɉ w‹ ǝȞƬŌȞ£ƌƌĈë ŪȤ ƌɦàŤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ £ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ɳŪñĈƬȤǬ ;ɉȕȤ £ŽŽ £ÈƬɦɉ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ £ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹë ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȤ à£Ƙ ŪñĈƘɉŪĩɹ ɵŪɉŤ £Ƙñ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ÈĈ £ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩë àƬƌŪƘŌ È£àŻ ɉƬ Ūɉ £Ō£ŪƘ £Ƙñ £Ō£ŪƘǬ w£ŻŪƘŌ £Ȥ ɹƬɦȞ Ȥɉ£ȞɉŪƘŌ ǝƬŪƘɉ ɉŤĈ ŪñĈ£ Ƭĩ ÈɦŪŽñŪƘŌ £ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹë Ȟ£ɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ źɦȤɉ ɉŤȞƬɵŪƘŌ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ƬƘ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ŪƘɉĈȞƘĈɉë à£Ƙ ÈȞŪƘŌ ɹƬɦ £ ʂĈ£ŽƬɦȤ ȤĈɉ Ƭĩ ĩ£ƘȤ ɵŤƬ £àɉ £Ȥ ɹƬɦȞ ÈĈȤɉ £ñɳƬà£ɉĈȤ ƬƘŽŪƘĈ Ĝ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ŽĈ£ñ ɉƬ ŽƬƘŌŧɉĈȞƌ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ŌȞƬɵɉŤ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪȤ ĩɦƘñ£ƌĈƘɉ£ŽŽɹ £ ȤƬàŪ£Ž ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈë £Ƙñ ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ƌ£Ƙɹ ɉƬƬŽȤ ÈɦŪŽɉ ŪƘ ɉƬ ĈƘàƬɦȞ£ŌĈ ĈƘŌ£ŌĈƌĈƘɉ £Ƙñ ŌȞƬɵɉŤǬ ĈĩƬȞĈ ɹƬɦ ĈɳĈƘ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ǝƬȤɉŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ ĩŪȞȤɉ ɳŪñĈƬë àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ȟɉë ƬȞ ñĈȤŪŌƘŪƘŌ ȤƬƌĈ ŻŪŽŽĈȞ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤë ɹƬɦ ȤŤƬɦŽñ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ĩƬɦƘñ£ɉŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ŽƬƬŻŪƘŌ ɉƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈǬ
- 28. Bº]s ]œBººsª
- 29. 1Ď
- 30. % ĚsºĄ Bô „Bð Bô ]ðsBĄ º‘ B ę hsÄ ĄBª© º‘ BSÄēĄ Ąô ]ðsshÜ
- 31. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ďć Ɓ/s _e1IE aeI_y ÷ E a/_ 1e $ɳĈȞɹ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ƘĈĈñȤ £ àȞĈ£ɉŪƬƘ ȤɉƬȞɹ Ĝ ɉŤĈ ŪƘȤŪñĈ ȤɉƬȞɹ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦ £Ƙñ ɵŤɹ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ KĈɉɉŪƘŌ ɦȤĈȞȤ ŪƘɉƬ ɉŤĈ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈȤ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ÈȞŪƘŌŪƘŌ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ȞĈ£ȤƬƘȤ ĩƬȞ ŪɉȤ ĈɷŪȤɉĈƘàĈ ŌŪɳĈȤ ɉŤĈƌ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘàĈ ɉƬ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈ ɉƬ ɹƬɦ £Ƙñ £ñƬǝɉ ɹƬɦ £Ȥ ȌƬƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈƌȏǬ ;ɉ £ŽŽƬɵȤ ɉŤĈƌ ɉƬ ȤĈĈ ɹƬɦȞ £ɦɉŤĈƘɉŪàŪɉɹ £Ƙñ ɹƬɦȞ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ ĩƬȞ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ àƬƌƌɦƘŪà£ɉŪƘŌǬ ȩ+1E _ +I_ yIi_ /EE? ŽŤ£ɉ ñƬĈȤ ɹƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ÈĈŽŪĈɳĈ ŪƘȀ ŽŤ£ɉ ñƬ ɹƬɦ ÈĈŽŪĈɳĈ ŪƘȀ 8Ƭɵ ñƬĈȤ ɉŤŪȤ ƬɳĈȞŽ£ǝȀ ;ĩ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ Ť£ɳĈ £ ȤɦȤɉ£ŪƘ£ÈŽĈ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹë ɉŤĈƘ ɹƬɦ ƘĈĈñ ɉƬ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ÈĈŽŪĈĩȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ñȞŪɳĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽè ŪɉȤ ȌàȞĈĈñȏǬ $ɳĈȞɹƬƘĈ Ť£Ȥ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ £ÈƬɦɉë Èɦɉ £ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ɉŪƘŌ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈȤĈ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘȤ £ȞĈë £ɉ ŽĈ£Ȥɉ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞȤĈŽĩë ŌŪɳĈȤ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ ȞĈ£ȤƬƘ ɉƬ ĈɷŪȤɉǬ wŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ŪƘȤǝŪȞĈȤ ɹƬɦë £Ƙñ ŪŽŽɦȤɉȞ£ɉĈ ɉŤŪȤ ĩĈĈŽŪƘŌ ŪƘ ĈɳĈȞɹɉŤŪƘŌ ɹƬɦ ñƬ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƌƌɦƘŪɉɹǬ ș/s ?_ ?_a/1[ jĈƬǝŽĈ ŽƬɳĈ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵŤƬ ŻƘƬɵ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ɉ£ŽŻŪƘŌ £ÈƬɦɉë ɵŤƬ àƬƌĈ £àȞƬȤȤ £Ȥ ŽĈ£ñĈȞȤ ŪƘ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹ ñƬǬ wŤŪȤ ñƬĈȤƘȕɉ ƌĈ£Ƙ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ Ť£ɳĈ ȤƬƌĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ȤŤƬɦɉɹ ȌŽĈ£ñĈȞ ĩŪŌɦȞĈȏ ƬƘ ȤàȞĈĈƘ Ĝ Èɦɉ ɉŤĈȞĈ ƘĈĈñȤ ɉƬ ÈĈ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉŪĈȤë ŽĈ£ñĈȞȤë ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ à£Ƙ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈ ɉƬǬ wŤŪȤ àƬɦŽñ ÈĈ ɹƬɦë £ ǝȞĈȤĈƘɉĈȞë ƬȞ £ ŌȞƬɦǝ Ƭĩ ǝĈƬǝŽĈè Èɦɉ ɉŤĈɹ ƌɦȤɉ Ť£ɳĈ £ àƬƘȤŪȤɉĈƘɉ ɳƬŪàĈǬ ƬƘȤŪñĈȞ ɵ£ɹȤ ŪƘ ɵŤŪàŤ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ȤŤƬɵà£ȤĈ ŽĈ£ñĈȞȤŤŪǝ £Ƙñ £ɦɉŤƬȞŪɉɹ £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ñƬë ĈɳĈȞɹ ɉŪƌĈ ɹƬɦ àȞĈ£ɉĈ £ ɳŪñĈƬǬ ě/s _1ei?a e/e yIi +I??Iu -1Eñ E -1EƷƷƷ jĈƬǝŽĈ £ȞĈ àȞĈ£ɉɦȞĈȤ Ƭĩ Ť£ÈŪɉë £Ƙñ ȤƬ ŪɉȕȤ ƘƬ ȤɦȞǝȞŪȤĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵĈ ŽƬɳĈ ȞŪɉɦ£ŽȤǬ pŪɉɦ£ŽȤ £ȞĈ ȞĈǝĈ£ɉĈñ £àɉŪɳŪɉŪĈȤ ƬȞ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ à£Ƙ àƬƌĈ ɉƬ ȞĈàƬŌƘŪȤĈ £Ƙñ ŽƬƬŻ ĩƬȞɵ£Ȟñ ɉƬ £Ō£ŪƘ £Ƙñ £Ō£ŪƘǬ wŤŪƘŻ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ w‹ ȤŤƬɵȤ ɹƬɦ ŽŪŻĈè ñƬ ɹƬɦ ƘƬɉŪàĈ ŤƬɵ ɉŤĈɹ Ť£ɳĈ ŽŪɉɉŽĈ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ ɉŤ£ɉ £ȞĈ ȞĈǝĈ£ɉĈñ ĈɳĈȞɹ ɉŪƌĈ ɉŤĈɹ £ŪȞȀ w£ŻĈ wƬǝ 6Ĉ£Ȟ £Ȥ £Ƙ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈè ƘƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ñƬĈȤ ɉŤĈ ȤŤƬɵ Ť£ɳĈ ȞĈǝĈ£ɉĈñ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉȤ ǡȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ŪɉȤ ȌȤɉ£Ȟ ŪƘ £ ȞĈ£ȤƬƘ£ÈŽɹ ǝȞŪàĈñ à£Ȟȏ ȤĈŌƌĈƘɉǤë Èɦɉ ɉŤĈ ǝȞĈȤĈƘɉĈȞȤ Ť£ɳĈ ŪƘɉȞƬñɦàĈñ ɉŤĈŪȞ ƬɵƘ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ Ƭĩ ȞŪɉɦ£Žë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ EĈȞĈƌɹ Ž£ȞŻȤƬƘȕȤ ĈƘñŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ȤŤƬɵ Èɹ Ȥ£ɹŪƘŌ Ȍė£Ƙñ ƬƘ ɉŤ£ɉ ÈƬƌÈȤŤĈŽŽȏǬ ɦŪŽñ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ ŽŪŻĈ ɉŤŪȤ ŪƘɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ƬɵƘ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ɵŤĈɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£ɉȕȤ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦ ȤŤ£ȞĈ ɹƬɦȞ ɦǝŽƬ£ñ ȤàŤĈñɦŽĈë ƬȞ £ññŪƘŌ ŪƘ £ ȌÈŽƬƬǝĈȞȏ £ĩɉĈȞ ɉŤĈ ȞĈŌɦŽ£Ȟ ĈƘñ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ȤŤƬɵǬ Ċ_e yIi_ IuE ?E-i- ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ŪȤ £ ɳĈȞɹ àƬƘɳĈȞȤ£ɉŪƬƘ£Ž ƌĈñŪɦƌë ɵŪɉŤ £ ŽƬɉ Ƭĩ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹŧñȞŪɳĈƘ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ȤƬ ŪɉȕȤ ƘƬ ȤɦȞǝȞŪȤĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ȤƬƌĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞȤ Ť£ɳĈ ŌƬƘĈ £Ȥ ĩ£Ȟ £Ȥ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈŪȞ ƬɵƘ ȤǝĈàŪ£Ž Ž£ƘŌɦ£ŌĈë ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ ɉŤĈŪȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ĩĈĈŽ £Ȥ Ūĩ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ £ àŽɦÈǬ wŤŪȤ ƌ£ɹ ȤƬɦƘñ £Ȥ Ūĩ Ūɉ ɵƬɦŽñ ɵƬȞŻ ƬƘŽɹ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦɉŤŧƬȞŪĈƘɉ£ɉĈñ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë Èɦɉ ŪɉȕȤ £àɉɦ£ŽŽɹ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£Ž ɳŪñĈƬ àȞĈ£ɉƬȞȤ ñƬ £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ɉŪƌĈè ɉŤŪƘŻ Ƭĩ ɉĈŽĈɳŪȤŪƬƘ ȤŤƬɵȤë £Ƙñ ŤƬɵ ƌ£Ƙɹ Ť£ɳĈ ɉŤĈŪȞ ƬɵƘ à£ɉàŤǝŤȞ£ȤĈȤ ǡȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ £ĩƬȞĈƌĈƘɉŪƬƘĈñ wƬǝ 6Ĉ£Ȟë ɵŤŪàŤ Ť£Ȥ £ññĈñ ǝŤȞ£ȤĈȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ Ȍ£ǝɉ£ŪƘ sŽƬɵȏ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ǝƬǝɦŽ£Ȟ ŽĈɷŪàƬƘǤǬ ŽŤĈƘ ɹƬɦ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɹƬɦȞ ƬɵƘ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ɵŤ£ɉ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ Ž£ƘŌɦ£ŌĈ ƌŪŌŤɉ ɹƬɦ àȞĈ£ɉĈȀ eĻâǩâ ƒǩâ ăŀȸâ ģȱŀÏŀťģ ƨǩŀť¾ŀƨōâǯ ȔĻƒȔ yŷȱeȱ¦â ǩâ¾ŷŚŚâťÏǯ ȔĻŀťŌŀťģ ƒ¦ŷȱȔ ȹĻâť ȔǩȻŀťģ Ȕŷ ¦ȱŀōÏ ƒ ¾ŷŚŚȱťŀȔȻ ŷť ȔĻâ ƨōƒȔăŷǩŚ ;s ‘œĄžªÄôô ]œBººsª 1œBĜ Äôô Ss‘Bº Ě Ąœ B ôĄðĺ‘ ]ðsBĄ ĺ ôĄÄðĜd Ąœs SBĄĄªs Ä„ Ąô ]ðsBĄÄð ĄÄ ªÄôs Ěs ‘œĄe ôijsĄœ º‘ œs ôœBðsh h ðs]ĄªĜ Ě Ąœ „BºôÜ
- 32. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ď uĻƒȔ ŌŀťÏ ŷă ¾Ļƒťťâō ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱ ŚƒŌŀťģNj ōŚŷǯȔ ƒťȻ ťŀ¾Ļâ ŀťȔâǩâǯȔ ¾ƒť ¦â ŚƒÏâ ŀťȔŷ ƒ ǯȱ¾¾âǯǯăȱō yŷȱeȱ¦â ¾Ļƒťťâō ö ¦ȱȔ ŚƒŌâ ǯȱǩâ Ȼŷȱ ¾Ļŷŷǯâ ȔĻâ ǩŀģĻȔ Ȕŷƨŀ¾ ƒťÏ ȔƒǩģâȔ ƒȱÏŀâť¾â ăŷǩ ȻŷȱƷ B©s ôēðs ĜÄē ôÖsºh ôijs Ą ³s ðsôsBð]œ º‘ Ąœs ]ijÖsĄ Ą ĺ ~ ôĄBðĄ º‘ SĜ ôsBð]œ º‘ „Äð ÄĄœsð ]œBººsªô ēºhsð Ąœs ôB³s ĄÄÖ ]Ü
- 33. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ď‡ ĈĩƬȞĈ ɹƬɦ ñŪɳĈ ŪƘɉƬ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ŪɉȕȤ ɉŪƌĈ ɉƬ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤɹ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ñƬŪƘŌ Ūɉ £Ƙñ ɵŤ£ɉ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌǬ ŽĈȕɳĈ ȤĈĈƘ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ǝȞĈɳŪƬɦȤ àŤ£ǝɉĈȞ ɉŤĈ ŤɦŌĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ƬƘ ƬĩĩĈȞë ĩȞƬƌ ŤƬÈÈŪĈȤ ɉƬ ƘĈɵȤ ɉƬ ȤǝƬȞɉȤ £Ƙñ ƌɦàŤ ƌƬȞĈǬ ɦɉ ɵŤɹ ñƬ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ƌ£ŻĈ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȀ wŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ Ȥɉ£ȞɉŪƘŌ ǝƬŪƘɉ ŪȤ £Žɵ£ɹȤ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ £ŽȞĈ£ñɹ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ £ÈƬɦɉǬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ £Ȥ £ ƌĈñŪɦƌ ɉŤȞŪɳĈȤ ƬƘ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘë £Ƙñ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ƘƬɉ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ȞŽɹ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘ ɵŤ£ɉĈɳĈȞ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ɉ£ŽŻŪƘŌ £ÈƬɦɉë ɹƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ɵŪŽŽ ȤǝƬɉ Ūɉ ŪƌƌĈñŪ£ɉĈŽɹ Ĝ £Ƙñ ñĈȤĈȞɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ÈĈĩƬȞĈ ɹƬɦ ŌĈɉ £ àŤ£ƘàĈ ɉƬ ɵŪƘ ɉŤĈƌ ƬɳĈȞǬ sɉ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩĩ Èɹ ɉŤŪƘŻŪƘŌ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌ£ŻĈ ɹƬɦ ĈɷàŪɉĈñǬ ;Ȥ Ūɉ £ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£Ȟ £ȤǝĈàɉ Ƭĩ ɉĈàŤƘƬŽƬŌɹȀ ;Ȥ Ūɉ ÈƬƬŻȤë ŽŪɉĈȞ£ɉɦȞĈë ǝĈɉȤ Ĝ ƬȞ źɦȤɉ ĩɦƘƘɹ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ñƬƘĈ Èɹ ƬɉŤĈȞ ǝĈƬǝŽĈȕȤ ǝĈɉȤȀ ŽŽ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈȤĈ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ɉɦȞƘĈñ ŪƘɉƬ £ ɳŪ£ÈŽĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽë ÈĈà£ɦȤĈ Ūĩ ɉŤĈȞĈȕȤ ƬƘĈ ɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ ŤŪȤɉƬȞɹ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ŪƘɉĈȞƘĈɉ Ť£Ȥ ɉ£ɦŌŤɉ ɦȤë ŪɉȕȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ƘƬ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ ŪȤ ŤĈŽñ Èɹ ƬƘŽɹ ƬƘĈ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ Ĝ ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ǝŽĈƘɉɹ Ƭĩ ƬɉŤĈȞ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ Ƭɦɉ ɉŤĈȞĈ ɵŤƬ à£ȞĈ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɹƬɦ ñƬë £Ƙñ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ĩŪƘñ ƌƬȞĈ Ȥɉɦĩĩ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ £ÈƬɦɉǬ XƘàĈ ɹƬɦȕɳĈ ñĈàŪñĈñ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ £ÈƬɦɉë ñƬ ȤƬƌĈ ȞĈȤĈ£ȞàŤǬ sĈ£ȞàŤ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ĩƬȞ ƬɉŤĈȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ ɉŤ£ɉ àƬɳĈȞ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ £ȞĈ£ ǡƘƬ ƌ£ɉɉĈȞ ɵŤ£ɉ Ūɉ ŪȤë ɉŤĈȞĈ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ ȤƬƌĈǤë £Ƙñ ȤǝĈƘñ ȤƬƌĈ ɉŪƌĈ ɵ£ɉàŤŪƘŌ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈŪȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ƬɦɉǝɦɉǬ ŽŤ£ɉ £ȞĈ ɉŤĈ ȤɉȞĈƘŌɉŤȤ £Ƙñ ɵĈ£ŻƘĈȤȤĈȤ Ƭĩ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹ ñƬ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ ɉŤĈɹ ñƬ ŪɉȀ ȞĈ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɉŤĈƌȤĈŽɳĈȤ ĈƘŌ£ŌŪƘŌë £Ƙñ Ūĩ ȤƬ ɵŤɹȀ Ƭ ɉŤĈɹ àƬƌĈ £àȞƬȤȤ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ £ɦɉŤƬȞŪɉɹ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ɉŤŪƘŻ ɹƬɦ ƌŪŌŤɉ Ť£ɳĈ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ȤɦÈźĈàɉȀ wŤŪƘŻë ĈȤǝĈàŪ£ŽŽɹë £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹ ñƬ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌŪŌŤɉ ŻĈĈǝ ɹƬɦ àƬƌŪƘŌ È£àŻ £Ō£ŪƘ £Ƙñ £Ō£ŪƘǬ RĈɷɉë ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ Ūɉ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ƌ£ŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɦƘŪǿɦĈǬ Ȥ ɹƬɦȕŽŽ ŻƘƬɵ ĩȞƬƌ ɹƬɦȞ ȞĈȤĈ£ȞàŤë ɉŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ɉƬƘƘĈȤ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ Ƭɦɉ ɉŤĈȞĈë àƬɳĈȞŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɉƬǝŪàȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ɉ£ŽŻ £ÈƬɦɉǬ ŽŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ɹƬɦ ÈȞŪƘŌ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤë £Ƙñ ɵŤ£ɉ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ȤŤƬɦŽñ ɹƬɦ £ɳƬŪñ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ƘƬɉ ŌƬŪƘŌ ɉƬ ǝɦȤŤ ɉŤĈƌ £ɵ£ɹ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȀ ”ƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ƌŪŌŤɉ ÈĈ £ ÈȞƬ£ñ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ ǝĈƬǝŽĈë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ĩŪȞȤɉŧɉŪƌĈ ƌƬɉŤĈȞȤǬ XȞ Ūɉ ƌŪŌŤɉ ÈĈ £ ƘŪàŤĈ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ Ƭĩ ĩ£ƘȤ Ƭĩ £ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£Ȟ £ƘŪƌĈ àŤ£Ȟ£àɉĈȞǬ ŽŤ£ɉĈɳĈȞ £Ƙñ ɵŤƬĈɳĈȞ ɉŤĈɹ £ȞĈë ŌĈɉ ɉƬ ŻƘƬɵ ɉŤĈƌ £Ȥ ɉŤƬȞƬɦŌŤŽɹ £Ȥ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈǬ jŪàŻ ɦǝ £Ȥ ƌɦàŤ £Ȥ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈŪȞ ŽŪŻĈȤ £Ƙñ ñŪȤŽŪŻĈȤë ɉŤĈ ǝŽ£àĈȤ ɉŤĈɹ Ť£ƘŌ Ƭɦɉ ƬƘŽŪƘĈë £Ƙɹ à£ɉàŤǝŤȞ£ȤĈȤ ƬȞ Ž£ƘŌɦ£ŌĈ ɉŤĈɹ ɦȤĈǬ ;ƘàƬȞǝƬȞ£ɉĈ £ŽŽ ɉŤŪȤ ŪƘɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ŪñĈ£ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽè Ūĩ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ŽĈɳĈȞ£ŌĈ ȤƬƌĈ ǝȞĈŧĈɷŪȤɉŪƘŌ Ž£ƘŌɦ£ŌĈ £Ƙñ ŻƘƬɵŽĈñŌĈ ŪƘɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ɹƬɦȕŽŽ Ť£ɳĈ £ ÈĈɉɉĈȞ àŤ£ƘàĈ Ƭĩ ɵŪƘƘŪƘŌ ƬɳĈȞ £Ƙ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ƌƬȞĈ ǿɦŪàŻŽɹǬ 4ŪƘ£ŽŽɹë ɵƬȞŻ Ƭɦɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ȤɦààĈȤȤ ɵŪŽŽ ŽƬƬŻ ŽŪŻĈ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ wŤŪȤ ñƬĈȤƘȕɉ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ ƌĈ£Ƙ £ƌÈŪɉŪƬɦȤ ƘɦƌÈĈȞȤ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ɳŪĈɵȤ ƬȞ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤ ɹƬɦȕŽŽ Ť£ɳĈ £ĩɉĈȞ ȤŪɷ ƌƬƘɉŤȤȩ àƬƘàĈƘɉȞ£ɉĈ ŪƘȤɉĈ£ñ ƬƘ ɵƬȞŻŪƘŌ Ƭɦɉ ɵŤŪàŤ ƌĈɉȞŪàȤ £ȞĈ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ɹƬɦǬ ;Ȥ Ūɉ ȞĈàĈŪɳŪƘŌ ǝŽĈƘɉɹ Ƭĩ àƬƌƌĈƘɉȤ ƬƘ Ĉ£àŤ ɳŪñĈƬȀ ;Ȥ Ūɉ Ť£ɳŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ĈƌÈĈññĈñ Èɹ ƬɉŤĈȞ ȤŪɉĈȤȀ XȞ ŪȤ Ūɉ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ĈŽȤĈȀ wŤŪȤ ɵŪŽŽ £ĩĩĈàɉ ĈɳĈȞɹɉŤŪƘŌ £ÈƬɦɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ƙñ ŪɉȤ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë ȤƬ ƌ£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ àŽĈ£Ȟ ƬƘ ɵŤ£ɉ ȤɦààĈȤȤ ɵŪŽŽ ŽƬƬŻ ŽŪŻĈ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦǬ 1ă ȻŷȱǠǩâ ťŷȔ ŀťȔâǩâǯȔâÏ ŀť ȹĻƒȔâȸâǩ ȻŷȱǠǩâ ȔƒōŌŀťģ ƒ¦ŷȱȔÉ Ȼŷȱǩ ƒȱÏŀâť¾â ȹŀōō ǯƨŷȔ ŀȔ ŀŚŚâÏŀƒȔâōȻ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵŪŽŽ ƌ£ŻĈ ɹƬɦ Ȥɉ£Ƙñ ƬɦɉȀ ŽŪŽŽ Ūɉ ÈĈ ÈĈɉɉĈȞ ǝȞƬñɦàɉŪƬƘ ɳ£ŽɦĈȤȀ ”ƬɦȞ ǝĈȞȤƬƘ£ŽŪɉɹȀ ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£Ȟ ĩƬȞƌ£ɉ ĩƬȞ ɹƬɦȞ ȤŤƬɵȀ OƬȞĈ ȞĈŌɦŽ£Ȟ àƬƘɉĈƘɉȀ XȞ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ƘƬŧƬƘĈ Ť£Ȥ ĈɳĈȞ ɉŤƬɦŌŤɉ £ÈƬɦɉ ÈĈĩƬȞĈȀ ŽŤ£ɉĈɳĈȞ Ūɉ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌ£ŻĈȤ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɦƘŪǿɦĈ ĩƬȞƌȤ ɉŤĈ ŤĈ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ɵŤ£ɉ ŪɉȕȤ £ŽŽ £ÈƬɦɉǬ wŤĈȞĈȕȤ ƘƬ ǝƬŪƘɉ ŪƘ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɹĈɉ £ƘƬɉŤĈȞ ȌƌĈŧɉƬƬȏ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉŤ£ɉ ñƬĈȤ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈ ɉŤŪƘŌ £Ȥ ĈɳĈȞɹƬƘĈ ĈŽȤĈǬ yIi_ i1E XƘàĈ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ £ àŽĈ£Ȟ ŪñĈ£ Ƭĩ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ £ÈƬɦɉ £Ƙñ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ ɦƘŪǿɦĈ £ƘŌŽĈ ŪȤ ŌƬŪƘŌ ɉƬ ÈĈë ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɵŤƬ ɹƬɦȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ £ȞĈǬ ŽŤƬ ñƬ ɹƬɦ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ɵ£ɉàŤ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤȀ ƬƘȕɉ ɉŤŪƘŻ ȤɉȞŪàɉŽɹ ŪƘ ɉĈȞƌȤ Ƭĩ Ȍ£ ñĈƌƬŌȞ£ǝŤŪàȏ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥë Ȥ£ɹë Ƴčŧ ɉƬ ɛƳŧɹĈ£ȞŧƬŽñ ƌ£ŽĈȤë Èɦɉ ŪƘȤɉĈ£ñ ɉŤŪƘŻ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ ŻŪƘñ Ƭĩ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɉŤĈɹ £ȞĈǬ Ƭ ɉŤĈɹ ŽŪŻĈ ŤɦƌƬɦȞë £Ƙñ Ūĩ ȤƬ ɵŤ£ɉ £ÈƬɦɉȀ ŽŤ£ɉ ŻŪƘñȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ñƬ ɉŤĈɹ ŽŪŻĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌ£ɹ ñȞ£ɵ ɉŤĈƌ ɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ
- 34. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ďý eaeC w£ȤɉĈƌ£ñĈ £ñɳĈȞɉŪȤĈȤ ŪɉȤĈŽĩ £Ȥ ȌɹƬɦȞ ñ£ŪŽɹ ñĈȤɉŪƘ£ɉŪƬƘ ĩƬȞ ɉŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ ĩƬƬñ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈȤ ĩȞƬƌ £ȞƬɦƘñ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñȏë £Ƙñ Ūɉ ñĈŽŪɳĈȞȤë ĩĈ£ɉɦȞŪƘŌ ĩƬƬñ £Ƙñ ȞĈàŪǝĈȤ ĩȞƬƌ £ŽŽ ƬɳĈȞ ɉŤĈ ŌŽƬÈĈǬ ;ɉȕȤ ñĈȤŪŌƘĈñ ɉƬ £ǝǝĈ£Ž ɉƬ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵŤƬ £ȞĈ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ£ɉĈ £ÈƬɦɉ ĩƬƬñë £Ƙñ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉĈñ ŪƘ £ ɵŪñĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ ɉ£ȤɉĈ ĈɷǝĈȞŪĈƘàĈȤǬ 8ƬɵĈɳĈȞë w£ȤɉĈƌ£ñĈ àŽĈ£ȞŽɹ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£ƘñȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ȤŤƬɵŪƘŌ Ƭĩĩ £ ÈɦƘàŤ Ƭĩ ȞĈàŪǝĈȤ ɵƬƘȕɉ ÈĈ ĈƘƬɦŌŤ ɉƬ à£ǝɉŪɳ£ɉĈ ɉŤĈ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈǬ ;Ƙ £ññŪɉŪƬƘ ɉƬ ȞĈàŪǝĈ àƬƘɉĈƘɉë Ūɉ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈȤ ɵĈŽŽŧƌ£ñĈë ŤŪŌŤŧǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞŪƘŌ ȤƬƌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ÈŪŌŌĈȤɉ ƬƘŽŪƘĈ Ȥɉ£ȞȤ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ĩƬƬñ ɵƬȞŽñë £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ ɉȞ£ɳĈŽ ĩĈ£ɉɦȞĈȤ ȤŤƬɵŪƘŌ Ƭĩĩ ñŪȤŤĈȤ ŪƘ ɉŤĈŪȞ Ƙ£ɉŪɳĈ àƬɦƘɉȞŪĈȤǬ ;ɉ Ť£Ȥ ÈĈĈƘ àŽĈ£ȞŽɹ ɉŤƬɦŌŤɉ ɉŤȞƬɦŌŤ £Ȥ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ɉŤ£ɉ £ǝǝĈ£ŽȤ ƘƬɉ ƬƘŽɹ ɉƬ àƬƬŻȤë Èɦɉ £ŽȤƬ ɉƬ ɉŤƬȤĈ ɵŤƬ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ŪƘñɦŽŌĈ ɉŤĈŪȞ ǝ£ȤȤŪƬƘ ĩƬȞ ĩƬƬñ £Ƙñ ɉȞ£ɳĈŽǬ [e/uyau_Eaa j£ɉŤɵ£ɹȤɵ£ȞĈƘĈȤȤ ŪȤ £ ŽƬƘŌŧ ĈȤɉ£ÈŽŪȤŤĈñ àŤ£ȞŪɉɹ ɉŤ£ɉ £ŪƌȤ ɉƬ ŤĈŽǝ ƘĈɵ ǝ£ȞĈƘɉȤ £Ƙñ ŤĈ£ŽɉŤ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£ŽȤ ɵŪɉŤ ŻƘƬɵŽĈñŌĈ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ Ĉ£ȞŽɹ Ȥɉ£ŌĈȤ Ƭĩ £ àŤŪŽñȕȤ ñĈɳĈŽƬǝƌĈƘɉë ǝ£ȞɉŪàɦŽ£ȞŽɹ £ȞƬɦƘñ ȤĈƘȤĈȤë ƌƬɉƬȞ ȤŻŪŽŽȤ £Ƙñ àƬƌƌɦƘŪà£ɉŪƬƘǬ O£Ƙɹ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ĩƬàɦȤ ƬƘ ȤŤƬɵà£ȤŪƘŌ ɵŤ£ɉ ɉɹǝŪ࣎ £Ƙñ £ɉɹǝŪ࣎ ñĈɳĈŽƬǝƌĈƘɉ £àɉɦ£ŽŽɹ ŽƬƬŻȤ ŽŪŻĈ ĩƬȞ £ È£Èɹ Ĝ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ŪȤ ŪñĈ£ŽŽɹ ȤɦŪɉĈñ ɉƬ ɳŪñĈƬǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ àŽĈ£ȞŽɹ £ŽȤƬ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£ƘñȤ ɉŤĈ ɉɹǝŪ࣎ ÈĈŤ£ɳŪƬɦȞ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ ɉ£ȞŌĈɉ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈë ɵŤŪàŤ ŪȤ ĩƬàɦȤĈñ £ȞƬɦƘñ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ Ȟ£ɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ ȤɦÈȤàȞŪÈĈȞȤǬ RĈɵ ǝ£ȞĈƘɉȤ ɵŪŽŽ ɉɹǝŪ࣎Žɹ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ĩƬȞ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɉŤ£ɉȕȤ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈñ ɉƬ £ŌĈ ɉŤĈŪȞ È£Èɹ ŪȤ £ɉë ȤƬ j£ɉŤɵ£ɹȤɵ£ȞĈƘĈȤȤ Ť£Ȥ ƬǝɉŪƌŪȤĈñ ŪɉȤ àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ɉƬ £ǝǝĈ£Ž ɉƬ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ÈĈŤ£ɳŪƬɦȞë ÈĈŌŪƘƘŪƘŌ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ £ŌĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àŤŪŽñ ŪƘ Ĉ£àŤ ɉŪɉŽĈ Ĝ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɉŤ£ɉ ȞĈĩŽĈàɉȤ ɉŤĈ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ɉĈȞƌȤ ɉŤĈŪȞ ɳŪĈɵĈȞ ɵŪŽŽ ɦȤĈǬ _1e1a/ [e/ ȞŪɉŪȤŤ j£ɉŤĉ Ť£Ȥ £ ɦƘŪǿɦĈ ŤĈȞŪɉ£ŌĈ Ƭĩ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ čįëʆʆʆ ƘĈɵȤȞĈĈŽȤ ñ£ɉŪƘŌ È£àŻ £ŽƌƬȤɉ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ŪƘɳĈƘɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ĩŪŽƌ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ƳčƛʆȤǬ ;ɉ ĩƬȞƌȤ £ ŽŪÈȞ£Ȟɹ Ƭĩ ɳŪȞɉɦ£ŽŽɹ ĈɳĈȞɹ £ȤǝĈàɉ Ƭĩ ŌŽƬÈ£Ž àɦŽɉɦȞĈ ȤŪƘàĈ ɉŤĈƘë ɵŤŪàŤ ƌ£ŻĈȤ Ūɉ £ àŤ£ŽŽĈƘŌĈ ɉƬ àɦȞ£ɉĈ ŪƘ £ ɵ£ɹ ɉŤ£ɉ ȞĈĩŽĈàɉȤ ɉŤĈ ĈƘɉŪȞĈ ǝƬɉĈƘɉŪ£Ž £ɦñŪĈƘàĈǬ sĈȞɳŪƘŌ £ ñŪɳĈȞȤĈ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ŽĈ£ƘŪƘŌ ŤĈ£ɳŪŽɹ ƬƘ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ àɦȞ£ɉŪƬƘë £Ƙñ ɉŤŪȤ ŪȤ ɵŤ£ɉ ȞŪɉŪȤŤ j£ɉŤĉ Ť£Ȥ ñƬƘĈ ĈɷɉȞĈƌĈŽɹ ɵĈŽŽǬ Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ ȤɉȞ£ŪŌŤɉĩƬȞɵ£Ȟñ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ £ȞƬɦƘñ ŤŪȤɉƬȞŪ࣎ ĈɳĈƘɉȤë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȌŪȤ£ȤɉĈȞȤ à£ɦŌŤɉ ƬƘ à£ƌĈȞ£ȏë Ūɉ Ť£Ȥ àȞĈ£ɉĈñ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ ñĈȤŪŌƘĈñ ɉƬ £ǝǝĈ£Ž ɉƬ £ ÈȞƬ£ñĈȞ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ɵŤƬ £ȞĈ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ȤŤ£ȞĈ ɳŪ£ ȤƬàŪ£Ž ƌĈñŪ£ë ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ȌƘŪƌ£Žè ɉŤĈ àɦɉĈë ɉŤĈ ÈŪʂ£ȞȞĈ ¯ ɉŤĈ ĈɷɉȞ£ƬȞñŪƘ£ȞɹȏǬ sŪƘàĈ ȞŪɉŪȤŤ j£ɉŤĉ ŪȤ ɦƘŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ǝȞƬñɦàĈ ƌɦàŤ £ññŪɉŪƬƘ£Ž àƬƘɉĈƘɉ ƘƬɵ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ ĩɦŽŽ £ȞàŤŪɳĈ ŪȤ uĻŀ¾Ļ ¾Ļƒťťâō ƒǩâ Ȼŷȱ ōŀŌâNj .BðsºĄ º‘ ]œBð ĄĜ .BĄœĚBĜôĚBðsºsôô œBô ÄÖĄ ³ ôsh Ąô ]ĺĄsºĄ ĄÄ BĄĄðB]Ą ôsBð]œ ĄðB„„ ]Ü
- 35. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ďù £ɳ£ŪŽ£ÈŽĈ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈë ɉŤŪȤ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉŪƘŌ ÈĈàƬƌĈȤ ŪƘàȞĈñŪÈŽɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ŻĈĈǝ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩȞĈȤŤ £Ƙñ £ŽŪɳĈǬ 1aEyI??eI_ ”Ƭɦ ƌ£ɹ ɉŤŪƘŻ ɉŤ£ɉ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƘŌ ŪȤƘĈɹŧ ɉŤĈƌĈñ ɉƬɹȤ ɵ£Ȥ ǝɦȞĈŽɹ £ ŤƬÈÈɹ ĩƬȞ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ àŤŪŽñȞĈƘë Èɦɉ £Ȥ ɵŪɉŤ ƌƬȤɉ ɉƬɹ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƘŌë ŪɉȕȤ £àɉɦ£ŽŽɹ £ ȤĈȞŪƬɦȤ ŤƬÈÈɹ ɉŤ£ɉ £ɉɉȞ£àɉȤ ǿɦŪɉĈ £Ƙ £ñɦŽɉ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈǬ ŪȤƘĈɹƬŽŽĈàɉƬȞ ȞĈĩŽĈàɉȤ ɉŤŪȤ Ĝ ŪɉȕȤ £ààĈȤȤŪÈŽĈ ĩƬȞ ŻŪñȤë Èɦɉ ɉ£ŻĈȤ ɉŤĈ ŤƬÈÈɹ ȤĈȞŪƬɦȤŽɹ ĈƘƬɦŌŤ ĩƬȞ £Ƙ £ñɦŽɉ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈ ɵŤƬ ɵ£Ƙɉ ɉƬ ȤĈĈ ɉŤĈ Ž£ɉĈȤɉ ŪȤƘĈɹ ɉƬɹȤǬ ;ɉ £ŽȤƬ ȞĈàƬŌƘŪȤĈȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ĩĈɵ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɵŪŽŽ ñŪɳĈ ŪƘ ɉƬ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƘŌ ŪȤƘĈɹȕȤ ĈƘɉŪȞĈ ǝƬȞɉĩƬŽŪƬ £ɉ ɉŤĈ Ȥɉ£Ȟɉë £Ƙñ ȤƬ àȞĈ£ɉĈȤ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉȤ £ȞƬɦƘñ ȤǝĈàŪĩŪà Ȟ£ƘŌĈȤ ñĈȤŪŌƘĈñ ɉƬ £ǝǝĈ£Ž ɉƬ ɉŤƬȤĈ ɵŤƬ £ȞĈ ƘĈɵ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞŽñ Ƭĩ ɉƬɹ àƬŽŽĈàɉŪƘŌǬ Iy e?= 1?y Ƭñɹ w£ŽŻ £ŪŽɹ ÈŪŽŽȤ ŪɉȤĈŽĩ £Ȥ £ ȌŽŪĩĈȤɉɹŽĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬȞ ÈɦȤɹ ɵƬƌĈƘë ĩƬàɦȤŪƘŌ ƬƘ ŤĈ£ŽɉŤɹ ŽŪɳŪƘŌȏǬ wŤŪȤ ɵŪñĈ ȞĈƌŪɉ ƌĈ£ƘȤ Ūɉ ƘĈĈñȤ ɉƬ àƬɳĈȞ £ ŽƬɉ Ƭĩ ŌȞƬɦƘñë ĩȞƬƌ ɹƬŌ£ £Ƙñ ĩŪɉƘĈȤȤ ɵƬȞŻƬɦɉȤ ɉƬ ŤĈ£ŽɉŤ £Ƙñ ȤɉɹŽĈ £ñɳŪàĈǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹȤ ɉɵƬ àŽĈ£Ȟ ǝŪĈàĈȤ Ƭĩ ŪƘȤŪŌŤɉ £ÈƬɦɉ ɉŤĈ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈè £ ñŪɳĈȞȤĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ ŪƘɉĈȞĈȤɉȤ ȞĈŽ£ɉĈñ ɉƬ ŤĈ£ŽɉŤë £Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ĩ£àɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈɹȕȞĈ ɉŪƌĈŧǝƬƬȞǬ ŽŽ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɳŪñĈƬȤ £ȞĈ ȤŤƬȞɉë ɵŪɉŤ ĈɳĈƘ ɵƬȞŻƬɦɉȤ ÈĈŪƘŌ ɉĈƘ ƌŪƘɦɉĈȤ ƬȞ ȤŤƬȞɉĈȞë £Ƙñ ȞĈàŪǝĈȤ £ŽŽ ĩƬàɦȤ ƬƘ ĩƬƬñ ɉŤ£ɉ à£Ƙ ÈĈ ǝȞĈǝ£ȞĈñ ĈɷɉȞĈƌĈŽɹ ǿɦŪàŻŽɹǬ wŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £ŽȤƬ ȞĈàƬŌƘŪȤĈȤ ɉŤĈ ǝƬɵĈȞ Ƭĩ àƬŽŽ£ÈƬȞ£ɉŪƬƘ ǡȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ɵĈȕŽŽ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ŪƘ ƌƬȞĈ ñĈɉ£ŪŽ Ž£ɉĈȞǤë Èɹ ɦȤŪƘŌ ƬɉŤĈȞ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ǝȞĈȤĈƘɉĈȞȤ ɉƬ ĩȞƬƘɉ ȤǝĈàŪĩŪà ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉĈñ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ Ĝ ĩƬȞ Ĉɷ£ƌǝŽĈë ɉŤĈ jŪɷŪɵƬƬ ɉĈ£ƌ ŤƬȤɉŪƘŌ £ ŽŪĩĈȤɉɹŽĈ £Ƙñ ƌ£ŻĈɦǝ àŤ£ɉ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉë £Ƙñ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ÈŽƬŌŌĈȞȤ EŪƌ Ť£ǝƌ£Ƙ £Ƙñ KɹñŪ£ ȞŪŌŤɉ ŤƬȤɉŪƘŌ £ ǝŽ£ɹŽŪȤɉ ƬƘ ñ£ɉŪƘŌ ñŪŽĈƌƌ£ȤǬ $ŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉŤŪȤ ƌĈ£Ƙ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ à£Ƙ £ɉɉȞ£àɉ £ àƬȞĈ ɹƬɦƘŌ £ɦñŪĈƘàĈë £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ £ǝǝĈ£ŽŪƘŌ ɉƬ ȤŽŪŌŤɉŽɹ ƬŽñĈȞ ɵƬƌĈƘǬ ôē]]sôô„ēª =Äē3ēSs ]œBººsª œBô B ]ªsBð ēºhsðôĄBºh º‘ Ä„ Ąô ĄBð‘sĄ Bēh sº]sÜ
- 36. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ďy I ƘĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ Ť£ŽŽƌ£ȞŻȤ Ƭĩ £ ŌƬƬñ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ Ƭĩ ŪɉȤ £ȞɉǬ 8ŪŌŤŧ ǿɦ£ŽŪɉɹ £Ȟɉ ȤĈɉȤ ɉŤĈ ŌȞĈ£ɉ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽȤ £ǝ£Ȟɉ ĩȞƬƌ ɉŤĈ ȞĈȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ǝ£àŻǬ sǝĈƘñŪƘŌ £ ŽŪɉɉŽĈ ɉŪƌĈ £Ƙñ ĈĩĩƬȞɉ ƬƘ ŌĈɉɉŪƘŌ ɉŤĈ £Ȟɉ ȞŪŌŤɉ ŪȤ £ ŌƬƬñ ǝŽ£àĈ ɉƬ Ȥɉ£Ȟɉ ɵŪɉŤ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǬ wŤĈ ĩŪȞȤɉ ɉŤŪƘŌ ɉƬ ɦƘñĈȞȤɉ£Ƙñ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɉŤĈ £Ȟɉ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ ȤĈĈƘ £àȞƬȤȤ £ ŤɦŌĈ Ȟ£ƘŌĈ Ƭĩ ȤàȞĈĈƘ ȤŪʂĈȤë £ŽŽ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɹ ĩȞƬƌ ɉĈŽĈɳŪȤŪƬƘȤ ñƬɵƘ ɉƬ ƌƬÈŪŽĈ ǝŤƬƘĈȤǬ ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ £ɦɉƬƌ£ɉŪ࣎Žɹ ɉ£ŻĈȤ à£ȞĈ Ƭĩ ƌƬȤɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àȞƬǝǝŪƘŌ £Ƙñ ȞĈȤŪʂŪƘŌë ɹƬɦȞ £Ȟɉ Ť£Ȥ ɉƬ ɵƬȞŻ ɵĈŽŽ £ɉ ɳ£ȞŪƬɦȤ ȤŪʂĈȤë £Ƙñ ŪɉȕȤ ƘƬɉ Ȥ£ĩĈ ɉƬ ǝɦɉ ɉŤŪƘŌȤ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉĈɷɉ ŪƘ ĈɳĈȞɹ £ȞĈ£Ǭ sƬ ɵŤŪàŤ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ Ƭĩ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ȟɉ à£Ƙ ɹƬɦ àƬƘɉȞƬŽȀ ǩâƒȔŀťģ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾ĻƒťťâōÆ eĻâ ȹƒȻ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ōŷŷŌǯ ȹŀōō ǯâǩŀŷȱǯōȻ ƒăăâ¾Ȕ Ļŷȹ ȻŷȱǠǩâ ƨâǩ¾âŀȸâÏ ¦Ȼ ƒť ƒȱÏŀâť¾âƷ +ŀťÏ ŷȱȔ Ļŷȹ Ȕŷ ŚƒŌâ Ȼŷȱǩ ¾Ļƒťťâō ƨƒģâ ōŷŷŌ ƨǩŷăâǯǯŀŷťƒōƷ _e a1-E wŤĈȞĈ £ȞĈ ɉɵƬ ƌ£ŪƘ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉȤ ɉƬ ɉŤĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ȟɉè ɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞ ǡŽ£ÈĈŽŽĈñ Ì Ǥȩ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈ ŪàƬƘ ǡŽ£ÈĈŽŽĈñ ď ǤǬ wŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ƌƬȤɉ ñŪĩĩŪàɦŽɉ ɉƬ ŌĈɉ ȞŪŌŤɉë ȤƬ ŽĈɉȕȤ ɉ£ŻĈ £ ŽƬƬŻ £ɉ ɉŤ£ɉ ĩŪȞȤɉǬ Ì ď
- 37. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ď½ e/ EE_ ÷ a11E- e ŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞ Ūƌ£ŌĈ Ť£Ȥ ɉƬ ɵƬȞŻ ƬƘ Ž£ȞŌĈŧȤàȞĈĈƘ ɉĈŽĈɳŪȤŪƬƘȤ £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ ŤŪŌŤŧȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹȤë ȤƬ ɉŤĈ ȤŪʂĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ Ūƌ£ŌĈ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ɦȤĈ ŪȤ £àɉɦ£ŽŽɹ ǿɦŪɉĈ Ž£ȞŌĈè ɛëįȷʆ ‘ Ƴ룣ʆ ǝŪɷĈŽȤǬ w£ŻĈ ɉŤŪȤ £Ȥ ɹƬɦȞ Ȥɉ£ȞɉŪƘŌ ǝƬŪƘɉǬ wŤŪȤ ŪȤ £ ŤɦŌĈ ŪƘàȞĈ£ȤĈ ƬɳĈȞ ɵŤ£ɉ ɵ£Ȥ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈ ɵŪɉŤ ƬŽñĈȞ ɳĈȞȤŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ Ĝ ŪƘ ĩ£àɉë ŪɉȕȤ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ ñƬɦÈŽĈñë ƌ£ŪƘŽɹ ɉƬ ɉ£ŻĈ £ààƬɦƘɉ Ƭĩ ŤŪŌŤŧȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹȤǬ XƘ £ ŽƬɵĈȞŧȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹë ƬƘŽɹ £ ȤŽŪàĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ àĈƘɉȞĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ Ūƌ£ŌĈ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹĈñë àȞƬǝǝĈñ ɉƬ ɛëįȷʆ ɷ Łɛɋ ǝŪɷĈŽȤǬ Ȥ ɉŤĈ ȤŪʂĈ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ɵŪƘñƬɵ ŌĈɉȤ Ȥƌ£ŽŽĈȞë ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ £ɉɉĈƌǝɉȤ ɉƬ ŪƘɉĈŽŽŪŌĈƘɉŽɹ àȞƬǝ ɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞ ñƬɵƘë ɦƘɉŪŽ Ūɉ ȞĈ£àŤĈȤ £ ƌŪƘŪƌɦƌ Ƭĩ ƳëįŁȷ ɷ Łɛɋë £ɉ ɵŤŪàŤ ǝƬŪƘɉ Ūɉ ȞĈȤƬȞɉȤ ɉƬ £ññŪƘŌ £ ȤàȞƬŽŽ È£ȞǬ wŤŪȤ ƌĈ£ƘȤ ɉŤĈ àĈƘɉȞ£Ž ƳëįŁȷ ɷ Łɛɋ ǝŪɷĈŽȤ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ Ūƌ£ŌĈ ɵŪŽŽ £Žɵ£ɹȤ ÈĈ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹĈñë ƘƬ ƌ£ɉɉĈȞ ɉŤĈ ȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘǬ wŤŪȤ £ȞĈ£ë ɉŤĈƘë ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ƬƘŽɹ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ Ūƌ£ŌĈ ŪƘ ɵŤŪàŤ ŪɉȕȤ Ȥ£ĩĈ ɉƬ ǝɦɉ ɉĈɷɉë £ ŽƬŌƬ ƬȞ £Ƙɹ ƬɉŤĈȞ ŌȞ£ǝŤŪ࣎ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉ ɹƬɦ ƘĈĈñ ǝĈƬǝŽĈ ɉƬ ȤĈĈ ǡȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ ĩ£àĈȤ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ ǝȞĈȤĈƘɉĈȞȤǤǬ ƘɹɉŤŪƘŌ ƬɦɉȤŪñĈ ɉŤŪȤ £ȞĈ£ ŪȤ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ÈĈ àȞƬǝǝĈñ Ƭɦɉ ñĈǝĈƘñŪƘŌ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ ȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ ɳŪĈɵĈȞȕȤ ȤàȞĈĈƘǬ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦ ɉ£ŻĈ £ŽŽ ɉŤŪȤ ŪƘɉƬ £ààƬɦƘɉ ɵŤĈƘ ñĈȤŪŌƘŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ È£ƘƘĈȞǬ wŤĈ ÈĈȤɉ ɵ£ɹ ɉƬ ñƬ ɉŤŪȤ ŪȤ ɉƬ ɦȤĈ £Ƙ ñƬÈĈ jŤƬɉƬȤŤƬǝ ɉĈƌǝŽ£ɉĈ ɉƬ Ž£ɹ Ƭɦɉ ɹƬɦȞ Ūƌ£ŌĈ Ĝ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ǝȞƬɳŪñĈȤ ƬƘĈ £ɉ ŤɉɉǝèɁɁÈŪɉǬŽɹɁƳĩ6ɦĩƬȤǬ ŽŤ£ɉ £ÈƬɦɉ ƌƬÈŪŽĈȀ wŤĈ ŌƬƬñ ƘĈɵȤ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦ ñƬƘȕɉ ƘĈĈñ ɉƬ ñĈȤŪŌƘ £ ȤĈǝ£Ȟ£ɉĈ È£ƘƘĈȞ ɉƬ ĩŪɉ ƬƘɉƬ ƌƬÈŪŽĈ ǝŤƬƘĈ ȤàȞĈĈƘȤ Ĝ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ Ȥɉ£ȞɉȤ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ ȌȤ£ĩĈ £ȞĈ£ȏ ǡƳëįŁȷ ɷ Łɛɋ ǝŪɷĈŽȤǤ £Ƙñ ɉŤĈƘ Ȥ࣎ĈȤ Ūɉ ñƬɵƘ £ǝǝȞƬǝȞŪ£ɉĈŽɹǬ sðsíô Bº sěB³Öªs Ä„ œÄĚ B SBººsð ]Bº ô]Bªse „ðij „ēªª Ě hĄœ ĺ B œ ‘œžðsôĪēĄ ĺ ªBÖĄÄÖ hÄĚº ĄÄ B ³ē]œ ô³Bªªsð Ě hĄœÜ #ÄĄs Ąœs ]ðÄÖÖ º‘‚ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦ àȞĈ£ɉĈ ɹƬɦȞ È£ƘƘĈȞ ŪƘ £ààƬȞñ£ƘàĈ ɵŪɉŤ ɉŤĈ ȤŪʂĈ ȞɦŽĈȤ £ÈƬɳĈǬ w£ŻĈ ɉŤĈ ɉŪƌĈ ɉƬ ƌ£ŻĈ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ŽƬƬŻ ǝȞƬĩĈȤȤŪƬƘ£ŽǬ wŤŪƘŻ à£ȞĈĩɦŽŽɹ £ÈƬɦɉ ɦȤŪƘŌ ɉĈɷɉǬ ;ĩ ŪɉȕȤ ǝŽ£àĈñ ƬɦɉȤŪñĈ ɉŤĈ ȌȤ£ĩĈ £ȞĈ£ȏë ȤƬƌĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɵƬƘȕɉ ȤĈĈ ŪɉǬ OƬÈŪŽĈ ɦȤĈȞȤ ɵŪŽŽ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ ȞĈ£ñ Ūɉ ƬƘ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ȤàȞĈĈƘȤë ȤƬ Ūɉ ƌɦȤɉ ÈĈ ŽĈŌŪÈŽĈǬ wŤŪƘŻ à£ȞĈĩɦŽŽɹ £ÈƬɦɉ àƬŽƬɦȞȤǬ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɉŤĈ àƬŽƬɦȞȤ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ɦȤŪƘŌ ñƬƘȕɉ àŽ£ȤŤ ɵŪɉŤ ɹƬɦȞ ŽƬŌƬǬ ƬƘȕɉ ƌ£ŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ È£ƘƘĈȞ ɉƬƬ ĈŽ£ÈƬȞ£ɉĈǬ wŤĈ ƌƬȞĈ àƬƌǝŽĈɷë ɉŤĈ ŽĈȤȤ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ Ūɉ ŪȤ ɉƬ ɵƬȞŻ ƬƘ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ȤàȞĈĈƘȤǬ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŽ£ŪƌȤ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌƬȞĈ ɉŤ£Ƙ Łʆǩ Ƭĩ ŌŽƬÈ£Ž ɵ£ɉàŤ ɉŪƌĈ ŪȤ ƬƘ ƌƬÈŪŽĈë ȤƬ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ ɹƬɦȞ È£ƘƘĈȞ ɵƬȞŻ ƬƘ £ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ȤàȞĈĈƘ ŪȤ ȞĈ£ŽŽɹ ŪƌǝƬȞɉ£ƘɉǬ ƬƘȕɉ ɉŤŪƘŻ ɹƬɦ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ ǝŽ£àĈ ɹƬɦȞ ŽƬŌƬ ƬƘ ɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞǬ ;ĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ñĈȤŪŌƘŪƘŌ £ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ĩƬȞ £Ƙ ƬȞŌ£ƘŪȤ£ɉŪƬƘ ɵŪɉŤ £ ŽƬŌƬë ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ǝɦɉ Ūɉ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ŪàƬƘë ɵŤŪàŤ ŪȤ ȤŤƬɵƘ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ƬɳĈȞ£ŽŽ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŤĈ£ñĈȞǬ e/ EE_ ÷ Iǯ E IEǢeǯ w$‘w R KX6X s4$ p$ ĝ ƶëIJńȺ ɷ ńɞɎ w‹ s;$ ĝ ɞëIJȺʉ ɷ ƶëńʉʉ $sHwXj s;$ ĝ ɞëIJȺʉ ɷ ńɞɎ wK$w s;$ ĝ ƶëĐIJIJ ɷ ńɞɎ
- 38. C=1E- yIi_ /EE? ɞ IC yIiei /1e ćģ e ŤĈ ȤĈàƬƘñ ƌ£źƬȞ ĈŽĈƌĈƘɉ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ £Ȟɉ ŪȤ ɉŤĈ ŪàƬƘë £Ƙñ ŤĈȞĈȕȤ ɉŤĈ ŌƬƬñ ƘĈɵȤè ŪɉȕȤ ƌɦàŤ ȤŪƌǝŽĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ ɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞǬ wŤĈ ŪàƬƘ ŪȤ ȤŤƬɵƘ ƬɳĈȞŽ£Ūñ ƬƘ ɉƬǝ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ È£ƘƘĈȞë £Ƙñ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ ɵ£ɉàŤ ǝ£ŌĈ ŪàƬƘ ĩƬȞ ɳŪñĈƬȤ ɵŤĈƘ ɳŪĈɵĈñ ƬƘ ɉŤĈȞĈǬ ;ɉȕȤ £ŽȤƬ ȤĈĈƘ ŪƘ ȤĈ£ȞàŤ ȞĈȤɦŽɉȤ ɵŤĈƘ ȤƬƌĈƬƘĈ ȤĈ£ȞàŤĈȤ ĩƬȞ £ ǝŤȞ£ȤĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ƌ£ɉàŤĈȤ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ Ƙ£ƌĈǬ ;àƬƘȤ £ȞĈ àɦȞȞĈƘɉŽɹ ȞĈƘñĈȞĈñ £ɉ ƛč ɷ ƛč ǝŪɷĈŽȤë Èɦɉ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ȞĈàƬƌƌĈƘñȤ ɹƬɦ ɦǝŽƬ£ñ ɉŤĈ Ūƌ£ŌĈ £ɉ čʆʆ ɷ čʆʆ ǝŪɷĈŽȤ ɉƬ ȌĩɦɉɦȞĈŧǝȞƬƬĩȏ ɉŤĈƌ ĩƬȞ ŤŪŌŤĈȞŧȞĈȤƬŽɦɉŪƬƘ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹȤǬ Ej$6ë 6;4ë Oj £Ƙñ jR6 ĩŪŽĈȤ £ȞĈ ȤɦǝǝƬȞɉĈñ ǡ£ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ £ƘŪƌ£ɉĈñ 6;4Ȥ £ȞĈƘȕɉǤë £Ƙñ ɹƬɦ à£Ƙ ɦȤĈ ɉȞ£ƘȤǝ£ȞĈƘàɹ £Ȥ ǝ£Ȟɉ Ƭĩ ɉŤĈ ;àƬƘ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ ɦȤŪƘŌ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ £ àƬȞǝƬȞ£ɉĈ ŽƬŌƬ ɉŤ£ɉ ŪȤƘȕɉ ǿɦŪɉĈ Ȥǿɦ£ȞĈǬ 8ƬɵĈɳĈȞë ɵĈȕñ ȞĈàƬƌƌĈƘñ ƌ£ŻŪƘŌ £ ȤƬŽŪñ Ȥǿɦ£ȞĈ ɳĈȞȤŪƬƘ Ūĩ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈë ȤŪƘàĈ ɉŤĈȤĈ ɉĈƘñ ɉƬ ĩŪɉ ÈĈɉɉĈȞ ɵŪɉŤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ È£ƘƘĈȞȤ £Ƙñ £ȞĈ ƌƬȞĈ ȞĈ£ñ£ÈŽĈǬ 4ŪƘ£ŽŽɹë ƌ£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘ ñƬĈȤƘȕɉ ŪƘàŽɦñĈ £Ƙɹ àƬǝɹȞŪŌŤɉĈñ Ūƌ£ŌĈȤ ɦƘŽĈȤȤ ɹƬɦ ƬɵƘ ɉŤĈ àƬǝɹȞŪŌŤɉǬ jŪàɉɦȞĈȤ Ƭĩ àĈŽĈÈȞŪɉŪĈȤë ƘɦñŪɉɹ ƬȞ ɵƬȞŻȤ Ƭĩ £Ȟɉ £ȞĈ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ÈĈ ȞĈźĈàɉĈñ ƬȞ ŌĈɉ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ È£ƘƘĈñǬ XƘĈ £ññŪɉŪƬƘ£Ž ɉŤŪƘŌ ɉƬ ƘƬɉĈ ŪȤ ɉŤ£ɉ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȞ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪȤ ƌĈȞŌĈñ ɵŪɉŤ £ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷ ǝȞƬĩŪŽĈ ƬȞ j£ŌĈ ǡɵŤŪàŤ Ūɉ ɵŪŽŽ ÈĈ Ūĩ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ Ȥɉ£ȞɉŪƘŌ £ ƘĈɵ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽǤë ɉŤĈƘ ɹƬɦȞ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àŤ£ƘƘĈŽ ŪàƬƘ £Ƙñ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷ ǝȞƬĩŪŽĈ Ūƌ£ŌĈ Ť£ɳĈ ɉƬ ÈĈ ɉŤĈ Ȥ£ƌĈǬ O£ŻĈ ȤɦȞĈ ɉŤ£ɉ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȕȞĈ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ ɵƬȞŻȤ £ɉ ɉŤĈ Ȥƌ£ŽŽĈȞ ȤŪʂĈȤ £Ƙñ ȞƬɦƘñ ȤŤ£ǝĈ £ȤȤƬàŪ£ɉĈñ ɵŪɉŤ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷ £Ȥ ɵĈŽŽ £Ȥ ƬƘ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ e/ 1IE ÷ a11E- ȞĈ£ɉĈ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘ £ɉ ɉŤĈ Ž£ȞŌĈȤɉ ǝƬȤȤŪÈŽĈ ȤŪʂĈǬ ŽɉŤƬɦŌŤ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ àɦȞȞĈƘɉŽɹ ȞĈƘñĈȞȤ ɉŤĈ ŪàƬƘ ǿɦŪɉĈ Ȥƌ£ŽŽë ɉŤŪȤ ɵŪŽŽ àŤ£ƘŌĈ ŪƘ ɉŤĈ ĩɦɉɦȞĈë £Ƙñ ɹƬɦȕŽŽ Ȥ£ɳĈ ɹƬɦȞȤĈŽĩ ɉŪƌĈ Ž£ɉĈȞ Èɹ àȞĈ£ɉŪƘŌ Ūɉ £ɉ £ Ž£ȞŌĈȞ ȤŪʂĈ ƘƬɵǬ O£ŻĈ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘ ȤƬƌĈɉŤŪƘŌ ȤŪƌǝŽĈǬ wŤĈ ƌƬȞĈ àƬƌǝŽĈɷ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘ ŪȤë ɉŤĈ ɵƬȞȤĈ ŪɉȕȤ ŽŪŻĈŽɹ ɉƬ ŽƬƬŻ ɵŤĈƘ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹĈñ ƬƘ £ Ȥƌ£ŽŽ ȤàȞĈĈƘ ȤɦàŤ £Ȥ ɉŤĈ ƬƘĈ ƬƘ £ ƌƬÈŪŽĈ ǝŤƬƘĈǬ O£ŻĈ Ūɉ ȤŪƌǝŽĈǬ :ôBē]s ô B ‘ðsBĄ sěB³Öªs Ä„ B ô ³Öªs Bºh œ ‘œªĜ ðs]Ä‘º ôBSªs ]ĺ ~ Ąíô ô ³ÖªĜ Ąœs „B]s Ä„ œÄôĄ ]œBsª 1Ąsęsºôe Bºh Ą ĚÄð©ô sęsðĜĚœsðsÜ e/ 1IE ÷ Iǯ E IEǢeǯ
- 39. IC yIiei /1e IC yIiei /1e ćÌ . .ðÄíô ]ĺ ēôsô ĄðBºôÖBðsº]Ĝ ĄÄ ‘sĄ B ôª ‘œĄªĜ ºÄºžôåēBðs „ssª ĺ Ąœs ĚBĄ]œ ÖB‘sÜ ŤĈàŻ ɵŤ£ɉ ɹƬɦȞ ŽƬŌƬ ŽƬƬŻȤ ŽŪŻĈ ƬƘ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷǬ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷ £Ƙñ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈ ȤŤ£ȞĈ £Ƙ ŪàƬƘ ñĈȤŪŌƘë Èɦɉ ƬƘ 6ƬƬŌŽĈǷ ŪɉȕȤ ñŪȤǝŽ£ɹĈñ ŪƘ £ àŪȞàŽĈ Ȟ£ɉŤĈȞ ɉŤ£Ƙ ŪƘ £ Ȥǿɦ£ȞĈǬ ;ĩ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘ ŪȤ ȤŪƌǝŽĈë ɉŤŪȤ ȤŤƬɦŽñƘȕɉ ÈĈ £ ǝȞƬÈŽĈƌ Ĝ Èɦɉ àŤĈàŻ Ūɉ źɦȤɉ ŪƘ à£ȤĈǬ ƬƘȕɉ ɉȞɹ £Ƙñ àȞ£ƌ ŽƬɉȤ Ƭĩ ɉĈɷɉ ŪƘɉƬ ɹƬɦȞ ŪàƬƘǬ ;àƬƘȤ £ȞĈ ŌȞ£ǝŤŪ࣎ ȞĈǝȞĈȤĈƘɉ£ɉŪƬƘȤ Ƭĩ ɹƬɦȞ ÈȞ£Ƙñë ƘƬɉ £ Ȥɉ£ɉĈƌĈƘɉǬ ɳƬŪñ ɦȤŪƘŌ ȤɉȞ£ǝŽŪƘĈȤ ŪƘ ɉŤĈƌë ȤŪƘàĈ ɉŤĈɹ ȤŪƌǝŽɹ ɵƬƘȕɉ ÈĈ ȞĈ£ñ£ÈŽĈ £ɉ ɉŤĈ ȤŪʂĈȤ ɦȤĈñ Èɹ ”ƬɦwɦÈĈǬ