How did Darwins view of descent with modification differ from the .pdf
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How did Darwin\'s view of descent with modification differ from the common perspective about relationships among living things? A) Darwin viewed closely related species as those with shared ancestors. B) He thought that geographic distributions were not informative about relationships between species. C) Darwin did not believe in extinction. D) He determined relationships among species based on their outward forms alone. Solution D) He determined relationships among species based on their outward forms alone. The theory of descent with modification proposes that all the organisms were evolved from the pre-existing ancestors and the theory of natural selection describes how changes have occurred in some organisms during the evolution process. Darwin studied only the outward forms, but the genetic data relating the species was not included..
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Charles Darwin developmental theory of evolution
V. M. Westerberg's super brief developmental theories series.
The Darwinian revolution challenged traditional views of a young Eart.pdf
The Darwinian revolution challenged traditional views of a young Earth inhabited by
unchanging species. What were the prevailing thoughts about the Earth and the organisms on it
prior to Darwin? What was Darwin\'s big idea? How does it differ from previous ideas
explaining the diversity of life on Earth? What is the \'Scala Naturae\', who advanced this
concept and why was it so widely accepted? What is \'Systema Naturae\', who advanced this
concept and why so accepted? Who are these people did we talk about them? How are their ideas
relevant to a conversation about evolution? Malthus, Linneaus, Hutton, Lyell, cuvier, Lamarck,
Aristotle, Darwin, Mendel, Wallace What did Lamarck propose as an explanation for how
organisms change over time? Explain how Lamarck\'s ideas are not supported by evidence?
Descent with modification by means of natural selection explains the adaptations of organisms
and the unity and diversity of life What did Darwin do that most influenced his worldview (what
is a worldview)? What were the critical observations Darwin made on his voyage of discovery?
What two main ideas did Darwin develop in the \"Origin of Species\"? What is natural
selection? (Look at the lecture powerpoints to answer the question) What are three main points
and important considerations regarding natural selection? What is an adaptation? What are the
two observations and two inferences that explain how natural selection leads to adaptive
evolution? What role did artificial selection play in the development of Darwin\'s logic for
natural selection? What does the theory of evolution suggest will happen when environments
favoring one adaptation change?
Solution
Ques-1: What were the prevailing thoughts about the young Earth and the organisms on it prior
to Darwin
The prevailing thoughts about the young Earth and the organisms on it prior to Darwin are
creatures were created by supernatural power & human are going to control these creatures and
populations are unchanging on the young Earth. Theory of evolution of “Darwin” has produced
specific impact on the imperialism and biblical view of origin of the species finally affected
contemporary philosophical views of religion & creation. These views have changed socio-
economical perspectives in the society about the culture finally changed the “religious views of
humans that “human race has evolved from God’s creation & God’s image”.
Ques-2: What was Darwin\'s big idea?
Answer:
Darwin theory of evolution is completely based on genetic variations and natural selection
operating on the species to acquire adaptations followed by unfit species are going to extinct.
However, here the extinction is not based on designer as it is due to nature. Nature selects
species, which are fit into it followed by elimination that is unfit in nature. It is different from
previous ideas of Earth species diversity, in which creation was completely relies upon myths
and God, the “religious views of humans that “human race has evo.
Briely, what was Darwins explanation for the appearance of design.pdf
Briely, what was Darwin\'s explanation for the appearance of design? How does it explain the
appearance of design? (please answer this in short) thank you
Solution
Darwin\'s explanation for the appearance of design:
Darwin discovered natural selection; it is a critical phenomenon that reveals the secret behind the
“design” of organisms. It explains the orderly process of origin, complexity, adaptation and
diversity of organisms by natural laws.
According to Darwin\'s design the creative power behind of evolution are arisen due to the
interaction among chance & necessity and between the natural selection & random mutations.
Darwin\'s The Origin of Species book was published in 1859. In this he mainly explains how the
evolution is demonstrating by natural selection.
Three main aspects of evolution theory:
1. Evolution: Descent of living things with modification.
2. Evolutionary history: The reconstruction of the universal tree of life (Thesis of common
ancestry).
3. Darwinism: The mechanism behind the evolutionary change is natural selection operating on
random variations in living things.
Darwin\'snatural selection evidences:
The beaks of Darwin finches. The finches of the Galapagos Islands were adapted to the island in
different ways, but are believed to share a common ancestor..
Recommended
Charles Darwin developmental theory of evolution
V. M. Westerberg's super brief developmental theories series.
The Darwinian revolution challenged traditional views of a young Eart.pdf
The Darwinian revolution challenged traditional views of a young Earth inhabited by
unchanging species. What were the prevailing thoughts about the Earth and the organisms on it
prior to Darwin? What was Darwin\'s big idea? How does it differ from previous ideas
explaining the diversity of life on Earth? What is the \'Scala Naturae\', who advanced this
concept and why was it so widely accepted? What is \'Systema Naturae\', who advanced this
concept and why so accepted? Who are these people did we talk about them? How are their ideas
relevant to a conversation about evolution? Malthus, Linneaus, Hutton, Lyell, cuvier, Lamarck,
Aristotle, Darwin, Mendel, Wallace What did Lamarck propose as an explanation for how
organisms change over time? Explain how Lamarck\'s ideas are not supported by evidence?
Descent with modification by means of natural selection explains the adaptations of organisms
and the unity and diversity of life What did Darwin do that most influenced his worldview (what
is a worldview)? What were the critical observations Darwin made on his voyage of discovery?
What two main ideas did Darwin develop in the \"Origin of Species\"? What is natural
selection? (Look at the lecture powerpoints to answer the question) What are three main points
and important considerations regarding natural selection? What is an adaptation? What are the
two observations and two inferences that explain how natural selection leads to adaptive
evolution? What role did artificial selection play in the development of Darwin\'s logic for
natural selection? What does the theory of evolution suggest will happen when environments
favoring one adaptation change?
Solution
Ques-1: What were the prevailing thoughts about the young Earth and the organisms on it prior
to Darwin
The prevailing thoughts about the young Earth and the organisms on it prior to Darwin are
creatures were created by supernatural power & human are going to control these creatures and
populations are unchanging on the young Earth. Theory of evolution of “Darwin” has produced
specific impact on the imperialism and biblical view of origin of the species finally affected
contemporary philosophical views of religion & creation. These views have changed socio-
economical perspectives in the society about the culture finally changed the “religious views of
humans that “human race has evolved from God’s creation & God’s image”.
Ques-2: What was Darwin\'s big idea?
Answer:
Darwin theory of evolution is completely based on genetic variations and natural selection
operating on the species to acquire adaptations followed by unfit species are going to extinct.
However, here the extinction is not based on designer as it is due to nature. Nature selects
species, which are fit into it followed by elimination that is unfit in nature. It is different from
previous ideas of Earth species diversity, in which creation was completely relies upon myths
and God, the “religious views of humans that “human race has evo.
Briely, what was Darwins explanation for the appearance of design.pdf
Briely, what was Darwin\'s explanation for the appearance of design? How does it explain the
appearance of design? (please answer this in short) thank you
Solution
Darwin\'s explanation for the appearance of design:
Darwin discovered natural selection; it is a critical phenomenon that reveals the secret behind the
“design” of organisms. It explains the orderly process of origin, complexity, adaptation and
diversity of organisms by natural laws.
According to Darwin\'s design the creative power behind of evolution are arisen due to the
interaction among chance & necessity and between the natural selection & random mutations.
Darwin\'s The Origin of Species book was published in 1859. In this he mainly explains how the
evolution is demonstrating by natural selection.
Three main aspects of evolution theory:
1. Evolution: Descent of living things with modification.
2. Evolutionary history: The reconstruction of the universal tree of life (Thesis of common
ancestry).
3. Darwinism: The mechanism behind the evolutionary change is natural selection operating on
random variations in living things.
Darwin\'snatural selection evidences:
The beaks of Darwin finches. The finches of the Galapagos Islands were adapted to the island in
different ways, but are believed to share a common ancestor..
Consider the following experiment. There are 5 members of a team Jo.pdf
Consider the following experiment. There are 5 members of a team: John (J), Clara (C), George
(G), Dotty (D), Harry (H). Two members are selected at random to be the captains of the team.
Write the sample space for this experiment
Solution
From 5 members two of them can be selected in 5C2 = 10 ways.
The sample space conists of the following 10 elements:
(J,C),(J,G),(J,D),(J,H),
(C,G),(C,D),(C,H),
(G,D),(G,H),
(D,H).
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence a.pdf
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence all their children have
earned college degrees.They have consistently been asked one question:
Solution
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence all their children have
earned college degrees.They have consistently been asked one question:.
Describe how to use sanction such that a process can send a payload w.pdf
Describe how to use sanction such that a process can send a payload with the signal that can be
retrieved by the receiving process.
Solution
The kernel maintains two bit-vectors for every process
• Every type of signal has a specific bit in this bit-vector
• pending bit-vector records what signals have yet to be
delivered to the process
• Note: if multiple instances of a given signal occur before a process
receives the signal, it will see only one instance of the signal
• Signals indicate one or more events of given type have occurred
• blocked bit-vector records what signals are currently not
allowed to be delivered to the process
• Can have a signal that is both blocked and pending
• When the signal is unblocked, it will be delivered to the process
• When a signal is delivered to a process, that type of signal
is automatically blocked for the process
• Prevents a given signal handler from interrupting itself
• One kind of signal can interrupt another kind of signa
A process isn’t always running when a signal is sent to it
• e.g. kill() syscall is invoked by another process
• e.g. a child process dies, causing SIGCHLD to be sent to parent,
but a higher priority process currently preempts the parent
• Kernels make a distinction between generating a signal
and delivering the signal
Already mentioned pending / blocked signal bit-vectors
• At a coarse-grain level of detail, records which signals need to be
delivered, and which signals are currently blocked from delivery
• Each process also has a linked list of pending signals
• siginfo_t struct records relevant details of the pending signal
• Each process also has an array of “signal action” structs
• Specifies how to handle each kind of signal
• e.g. “default action,” “ignore,”
or a user-space handler
• (Flags also record other
options for handling signals
When a signal is sent to a process:
• The kernel invokes a specific function to update the process’ signal
structures, perform scheduling tasks, etc.
• e.g. Linux 2.6 has specific_send_sig_info() kernel function
• If the process already has a pending signal of that type,
the new signal is ignored
• For real-time signals, this test is skipped
• Every occurrence of a real-time signal is delivered
• If the process is ignoring
the signal, nothing is done
• No structures are updated
• No scheduling tasks oc.
based on this evidence Syconoid sponges were derived from leuconoid.pdf
based on this evidence? Syconoid sponges were derived from leuconoid ancestors. Leuconoid
sponges were derived from asconoid ancestors. Syconoid sponges were derived from syconoid
ancestors. Asconoid sponges were derived from syconoid ancestors. Leuconoid sponges were
derived from syconoid ancestors. The distinction between phagotrophs (or holozoic feeders) and
osmotrophs (or saprozoi a difference between producing your own food versus using the
chemical bonds in food molecules made diffusion of food across the membrane versus engulfing
food in a vacuole ingesting visible particles or organisms versus ingesting dissolved substances,
some from dead organisms eating living and eating dead oranic material. direct transport versus
indirect transport of food molecules The most likely mechanism for removing excess water by
contractile vacuoles is a proton pump that also pulls water into the vacuole. an ampulla that
forms suction. simple osmosis of water across the cell membrane. reverse osmosis. differential
fluid pressure. The large posterior attachment organ of the adult monogenean is a/an
opisthaptor. Cirrus rhabdite. pilidium. hydatid Nematocysts are first found in sponges, most
highly developed in cnidarians, but still found as remnants in some higher groups. formed and
used only by Cnidaria although a few other organisms may \"steal\" them. widespread among
the animal kingdom but first developed by Cnidarians. actually free-living symbionts that are
most usually taken up by cnidarians, as are many None of the choices is correct The function of
the siphonoglyph is to maintain balance or orientation. reproduction to form water currents into
the gastrovascular cavity. to aid in swimming. to sting the prey.
Solution
9.The correct answer is:C) ingesting visible particles or organisms versus ingesting dissolved
substances some from dead organisms.
Reason:Phagotrophs ingest food particles by engulfing them while osmotrophs ingest food
matter that is soluble.
10.The correct answer is: A) A proton pump that also pulls water into the vacuole.
Reason:Presence of proton pump in contractile vacuole brings a difference of ions inside the
vacuole as a result of which water is pulled into it via osmosis.
11.The correct answer is: A) opisthaptor
Reason:Opisthaptor is the posterior attachment strcuture of the monogenean adult.
12.The correct answer is:B) formed and used only in Cnidaria although a few other organisms
may steal them.
Reason:Nematocysts are found only in Cnidaria but there are marine gastropods known as
Nudibranchs that feed nematocysts of hydrozoids and store them in their dorsal body wall.These
stolen nematocysts are known as kleptocnidae.
13.The function of the siphonoglyph is: C) to form water currents into the gastrovascular cavity.
Reason: Siphonoglyph transfers water currents to the pharynx and are present at either one or
both ends of the mouth of sea anemones..
At noon Joyce drove to the lake at 30 miles per hour, but she made t.pdf
At noon Joyce drove to the lake at 30 miles per hour, but she made the long walk back home at 4
miles per hour. How long did she walk if she was gone for 17 hours? How far did she walk?
Solution
You know that d=v*t, where d is the distance and v is the speed and t is the time, the proble give
you two speeds and the total time.
Lets call t1 the time that it take her to go from his house to the lake, and lets call t2 the time that
it take her to go from the lake to his house. The distance from his house to the lake is constant, I
mean that the distance does not change. Now lets call v1 the speed of 30mph and v2 the speed of
4mph. The time t is equalt to t=d/v distance divede by speed. Now I hope that you understand the
following equation:
d/v1+d/v2=t The sum of the time that take her to go to the lake from his house and the time that
take her to go from the lake to his house it is the total time. Now we only have to use the given
data.
v1=30mph
v2=4mph
t=17hours
d/30+d/4=17 Now we only have to solve this equation to know the total distance that she
travelled.
2d+15d=1020
17d=1020
d=60 miles she travelled, and therefore the distance from his house to the lake is 30 miles..
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 a.pdf
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 adenines, how many cytosines,
guanines, and thymines must it have?
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 adenines, how many cytosines,
guanines, and thymines must it have?
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
Solution
A). Genes consist of specific sequences of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) nucleotides otherwise
called “bases,” which carry the message encoding for the synthesis of a protein. There are four
such bases, namely, adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C), which are the
building blocks of DNA’s double helical structure.
Chargaff proposed that, in a double stranded DNA, the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is always
1: 1.
Given that the number of adenines are 32, so, the number of thymines are also 32. The remaining
36 will be guanine and cytosine, each 18 in number.
B).
Gene is the physical unit of heredity that transmits information from one cell to another and
thereby one generation to another. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double helical structure; it
contains the organism’s genetic information in the genes which lie along the structure of DNA.
During cell division, the replication of DNA occurs, which is nothing but duplication of
chromosomes. DNA replication results in the formation of two new DNA helices. The
semiconservative pattern of DNA replication is demonstrated by Meselson and Stahl. In this,
each strand of parent DNA act as template for the new strand, thus producing two new DNA
strands. So, the newly formed DNA contains one old strand and one new strand.
In conservative replication, the original strands of DNA are not forwarded to the next generation,
but it act as a temple for the synthesis of new DNA. So the original double helix of DNA remains
intact..
Chapter2...22. (Problem 3) Which of the following are.pdf
Chapter2...>2>
2. (Problem 3) Which of the following are fundamental events that must take place in cell
reproduction?
A. A cell\'s genetic information must be copied.
B. The copies of the genetic information must be separated from one another.
C. The cell must divide.
D. All of the above are fundamental events that must take place in cell reproduction.
3. (Problem 4 part 1): What are three essential structural elements of a functional
eukaryotic chromosome?
A. Histone proteins, spindle fibers, and a pair of telomeres
B. Origins of replication, chromatids, and kinetochores
C. A centromere, a pair of telomeres, and origins of replication
D. A centromere, chromatids, and kinetochores
E. Spindle fibers, kinetochores, and chromatids
4. (Problem 4 part 2 ) The chromosomal structures that serve as the attachment point for
spindle fibers are the _____________________.
A. telomeres
B. origins of replication
C. centromeres
D. kinetochore proteins
E. histone proteins
5. (Problem 4 part 3) The natural ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that serve to stabilize
the ends of the chromosomes are the ______________________.
A. telomeres
B. origins of replication
C. centromeres
D. kinetochore proteins
E. histone proteins
6. (Problem 6, part 1) _______________ is the part of interphase within the cell cycle
where the cell growth and protein synthesis necessary for cell division and DNA replication take
place.
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
E. Telophase
15. (Problem 10) Why are the two cells produced by the cell cycle genetically identical?
A. An exact copy of each DNA molecule was created in S phase giving rise to the two
identical sister chromatids.
B. Chromosomal replication in prophase ensures two identical copies of each
chromosome for the two cells.
C. Mitosis ensures that each cell receives one copy of the two identical sister
chromatids created during S phase.
D. Both A and B are reasons that the two cells produced by the cell cycle are identical.
E. Both A and C are reasons that the two cells produced by the cell cycle are identical.
16. (Problem 11, part 1) For the stages of meiosis I below, which is incorrectly matched to a
major event that takes place during that stage?
A. Prophase I—synapsis
B. Metaphase I—homologous pairs of chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane of
the metaphase plate
C. Anaphase I—separation of sister chromatids
D. Telophase I—separated chromosomes reach spindle poles at opposite ends of the
cell
E. Prophase I—genetic recombination through crossing over
17. (Problem 11, part 2) For the stages of meiosis II below, which is incorrectly matched to
the major event that takes place during that stage?
A. Prophase II—spindle fibers form
B. Metaphase II—homologous pairs of chromosomes line up along the equatorial
plane of the metaphase II plate
C. Anaphase II—sister chromatids separate
D. Telophase II—spindle fibers breakdown
E. Prophase II—nuclear envelope breaks down
18. (Problem 12) What are the major results of meiosis?
A. Production of hapl.
Write a program that takes any input text and produces both a frequen.pdf
Write a program that takes any input text and produces both a frequency table and the
corresponding Huffman code. Take approximately 360 words from any English document as
your input text. Ignore all blanks, all punctuation marks, al special symbols. Create an input file
with this input text. Construct the frequency table according to the input text read from the file,
in the form: The Frequency\'s MUST be listed, in order, from largest (at the top) to smallest (at
the bottom). Only the BELOW Tablet Format will be accepted: Letter Comma Space Percentage
Example: A, 2.5% Then, using the Huffman algorithm, construct the optimal prefix binary code
for the table. Design your program to read the input from the input file \"infile.dat\" Your
program must produce the output, in the file \"outfile.dat\". consisting of the frequency table for
the source text. the Huffman code for each letter and digit in the source code, and the length of
the coded message in terms of number of bits. MUST use exact file names provided
Solution
#include \"FileLoader.h\"
#include \"CharFreqInVector.h\"
#include \"LeafNode.h\"
#include \"TreeFromListConstruction.h\"
#include \"GenerateHuffFile.h\"
#include \"Decompressor.h\"
#include
#include
#include
int main()
{
{
vector vFile;
vector cvFile;
vector charByte;
vector frequency;
FileLoader File(\"shakespeare.txt\");
vFile = File.loadFileIntoVector();
CharFreqInVector Frequency(vFile);
Frequency.calculateFrequency();
charByte = Frequency.getEachChar();//Frequency.getEachChar(); // need copies of the char
and its frequency to put to a LeafNode
frequency = Frequency.getEachFrequency();//Frequency.getEachFrequency();
TreeFromListConstruction tree(charByte, frequency);
//passing into a class that can modify the list into a binary tree
tree.formTree(); //modify the list into a binary tree
GenerateHuffFile Huff(tree.getTree(), vFile, \"compressed.txt\",charByte, frequency);
Huff.writeHuffFile();
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////decompression time
FileLoader cFile(\"compressed.txt\");
cvFile = cFile.loadFileIntoVector();
CharFreqInVector Formated(cvFile);
Formated.calcFreqInCompressed();
charByte = Formated.getEachChar();//Frequency.getEachChar(); // need copies of the char and
its frequency to put to a LeafNode
frequency = Formated.getEachFrequency();//Frequency.getEachFrequency();
TreeFromListConstruction recontructedTree(charByte, frequency);
recontructedTree.formTree();
Decompressor uncompress(recontructedTree.getTree(), cvFile, \"compressed.txt\",
\"decompressed.txt\", vFile.size());
uncompress.remakeFile();
}
cout << _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks(); //no memory leaks yay!
system(\"pause\");
return 0;
}
CharFreqInVector.h
#ifndef CHARFREQINVECTOR_H
#define CHARFREQINVECTOR_H
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class CharFreqInVector
{
public:
CharFreqInVector(vector& charVec);
~CharFreqInVector();
void clearVectors();
void calculateFrequency();
void calcFreqInCompresse.
why is reversibility an important characteristic of childrens .pdf
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
Solution
According to Piaget\'s theory of cognitive development human development involves a series of
stages and each stages prepare the chid for succeeding level.
The four stages are:
1) The Sensorimotor stage: During this period infants are buzy discovering in relationship
between there body and enviornment. The child has well developed sensory ability and with help
of touching, seeing, sucking, feeling learn things by themselves in the enviornment.
2)The Preoperational stage: In this stage child thought is transductive means, \"Child will make
inferences every identical things with same thing. as All round things with boll.
then from age of 4-7 years child go through Intutive period ( egocentrism; perception dominated
and intutive thought)
2a) egocentrism: in this stage child thinks that every one feels as they do and share there feeling.
eg: the conversation of 2 child
rohit: i love trees
nisha: i am going to school.
rohit: tree is green in color
nisha: i will go with my mom.
Here they are talking but no one is bothered what other is saying. they are just sharing there
feeling.
In this stage the child also begins to develop the use of symbols (but can not manipulate them),
and the child is able to usethe language and words to represent the new things not visible.
By the age of 4 children are developing a more complete understanding of concepts and have
stopped reasoning tranductively.
The pre-operational child can not classify things.
for example, a child has a pile of toy vehicles which are then split into trucks and cars. Next the
child is asked \'Tell me, are there more trucks than vehicles, or less, or the same number?\' the
child will almost always say there are more trucks than vehicles!
In the latter stage of the preoperational period, the child begins to understand between reality and
fantasy.
3)The Concentrate operational stage:
During this time, children begins to reason logically, and organize thoughts. In this stage there is
loss of egocentric thinking.
In this stage the child is able to coordinate two dimensions of an .
Which of the following tools is used to generate the profiles and se.pdf
Which of the following tools is used to generate the profiles and sections in the viewports created
using the Solid View tool?
Select one:
1. Solid Draw
2. Solid Edit
3. None of these
Solution
1. Solid Draw tool generates profiles and sections in the viewports that were created with the
solid view tool..
What are 2 ways that Alexander Hamilton’s ideas influenced the Unite.pdf
What are 2 ways that Alexander Hamilton’s ideas influenced the United States??
normal essay of 4 paragraph.
Solution
Alexander Hamilton (1757-1804) is with us every day, in our wallets, on the $10 bill. But he is
with us in another sense, for more than any other Founder, he foresaw the America we live in
now. He shaped the financial, political, and legal systems of the young United States. His ideas
on racial equality and economic diversity were so far ahead of their time that it took America
decades to catch up with them. There is no inevitability in history; ideals alone -- even the ideals
of the Founding Fathers -- do not guarantee success. Hamilton made the early republic work, and
set the agenda for its future. We live in the world he made; here is what he did, and how he did
it.
Hamilton spent much of his life in military uniform. From 1776 to 1781, in the Revolutionary
War, he fought in seven major battles, as a captain of artillery, a colonel on George
Washington\'s staff, and a commander of light infantry. In 1798-99, when war with France
loomed, he re-entered the military as a senior officer.
The American Revolution
When Hamilton arrived in New York, the thirteen colonies had been protesting British taxes and
commercial regulations for years. New York City was a hotbed of contending political factions,
pitting Patriots against pro-British Loyalists. While still a student at King\'s College (now
Columbia), Hamilton took up the Patriots\' cause, writing his first political article in 1774 (he
signed himself \"A Friend to America\").
Washington\'s Aide-de-Camp
In March 1777 Hamilton was promoted to colonel and appointed to George Washington\'s staff.
He performed essential tasks, saw firsthand the dire consequences of Congress\'s inability to pay
for adequate supplies or troops, and forged, with his Commander in Chief, the most important
political bond of his life. But though Hamilton\'s work on Washington\'s staff was stimulating
and important, it was also confining. He longed to return to the battlefield to win still more glory.
He did so in 1781, and fought bravely at the war\'s climactic Battle of Yorktown. In 1783 the
Revolution ended in victory -- and a load of debt for the newly independent nation.
Foreign Policy
In the 1790s, the French Revolution ignited a new series of world wars. George Washington and
Hamilton desperately wanted to keep the unprepared nation out of the conflict, as Washington
wrote (with Hamilton\'s help) in his Farewell Address: \"Why... entangle our peace and
prosperity in the toils of European ambition?\" But when war against Revolutionary France
appeared inevitable, the two veterans joined forces once again to build an effective army.
Lawmaker
Hamilton attended the Constitutional Convention in 1787, and helped persuade a skeptical public
to ratify the Constitution by launching the Federalist Papers, a series of newspaper pieces. The
first Federalist asked for laws based on \"reflection and choice,\" not .
Which of the following is a non-respiratory function of the lunga.pdf
Which of the following is a non-respiratory function of the lung?
a) It warms and moisturizes inhaled air
b) It acts as a reservoir of blood for the left ventricle
c) It acts as a blood filter (filters small emboli)
d) It is a major site of angiotensin converting enzyme production
e) All of the above are correct
Solution
e) All of the above are correct
non-respiratory function of the lung also include removal of inhaled foreign particles and
infectious organisms, olfaction and reservoir of blood.
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organizat.pdf
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organization
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organization
Solution
Performance Ratios
Calculation
What It Measures
Cash flow to revenue
CFO / Net revenue
Cash generated per dollar of revenue
Cash return on assets
CFO / Average total assets
Cash generated from all resources
Cash return on equity
CFO / Average shareholders’ equity
Cash generated from owner resources
Cash to income
CFO / Operating income
Cash-generating ability of operations
Cash flow per share
(CFO –Preferred dividends) / Number of common shares outstanding
Operating cash flow on a per-share basis
Profitability Ratios: Time Series Analysis (within company) OR Cross-Sectional Analysis
(Between Companies)
Return on Sales
Return on Investment: Performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of investment. It is
one of most commonly used approaches for evaluating the financial consequences of business
investments, decisions, or actions
Balance Sheet Ratios:
Liquidity: Ability to meet short term obligations
Solvency:Ability to meet Long term obligations
Performance Ratios
Calculation
What It Measures
Cash flow to revenue
CFO / Net revenue
Cash generated per dollar of revenue
Cash return on assets
CFO / Average total assets
Cash generated from all resources
Cash return on equity
CFO / Average shareholders’ equity
Cash generated from owner resources
Cash to income
CFO / Operating income
Cash-generating ability of operations
Cash flow per share
(CFO –Preferred dividends) / Number of common shares outstanding
Operating cash flow on a per-share basis.
what two things can system elements do with energy in the system.pdf
what two things can system elements do with energy in the system?
Solution
Systems have a structure that is defined by its parts and processes. Systems are generalizations
of reality. Systems tend to function in the same way. This involves the inputs and outputs of
material (energy and/or matter) that is then processed causing it to change in some way. The
various parts of a system have functional as well as structural relationships between each other.
The fact that functional relationships exist between the parts suggests the flow and transfer of
some type of energy and/or matter. Systems often exchange energy and/or matter beyond their
defined boundary with the outside environment, and other systems, through various input and
output processes. Functional relationships can only occur because of the presence of a driving
force. The parts that make up a system show some degree of integration - in other words the
parts work well together..
What is an Intervening Variable, Casual Prior Variable, and Partial .pdf
What is an Intervening Variable, Casual Prior Variable, and Partial Relationship? What is an
example of each and how can they be described in statistics?
Solution
An intervening variable also known as mediator transmits the effect of an independent variable
to a dependent variable. In industrial psychology the work environment is a major factor which
leads to changes in the intervening variable of job perception and which in turn affects
behavioral outcomes.
Partial relationship is the correlation between two variables while controlling for a third variable.
The purpose of partial relationship is to find the unique variance between two variables while
eliminating the variance from a third variables.
This technique is used in various experimental design where various interrelated phenomenon
are studied..
The basic functional plan of the gonads includes all of the followin.pdf
The basic functional plan of the gonads includes all of the following except:
A) Production and transport of germ cells.
B) Production of sex hormones.
C) Nurture, support and protect developing organism.
Solution
Gonads produce sex harmones.
They nurture and protect germ cells. They regulate the formation of gametes competant enough
to inherit the genome to the next generation ..
The color of the small lymphocytes cytoplasm is a very () lilac a.pdf
The color of the small lymphocyte\'s cytoplasm is a very (?) lilac and its nucleus is (?) and
occupies up to 97% of the volume of the cell. A large population of these lymphocytes are the (?)
to the whole immune system.
(?) = fill in the blank
Solution
Small lymphocytes are commonly found in normal blood. They a large, dense, round nucleus,
purple-lilac covering 97% of the cell volume.Their cytoplasm is small, reflecting cytoplasmic/
ameboid movements, and are involved in the production of antibodies. They are the predominant
form of lymphocytes, when they encounter an antigen, then their macromolecular synthesis
initiates which results in the conversion to other lymphocytic cell forms.
Therefore, the appropriate options for the fill in the blanks is:
The color of the small lymphocyte\'s cytoplasm is a very (deep) lilac and its nucleus is (large)
and occupies up to 97% of the volume of the cell. A large population of these lymphocytes are
the (predominant) to the whole immune system..
Social behavior in termites does not include the reproductive isolat.pdf
Social behavior in termites does not include the reproductive isolation of a worker caste as this
caste can mature to winged reproductives. List 4 reasons why termites still considerd \"social\".
(Notes: these traits would Not be found in solitary insects).
Solution
Insects can be either solitary or social. Among the solitary insects are the housefly, which lives
and hunts by itself. It has no social structure, except for breeding. Social insects live within an
very organized structure, and works and lives in constant co-operation with other insects. Social
insects are best exemplified by all termites (Isoptera) and ants (Formicidae) and by various bees
and wasps (Hymenoptera).
Species of insect qualifying as truly social, or eusocial, exhibit three traits. The first, and most
important, is a reproductive division of labor. Some individuals (the queens and kings) are fertile
and reproduce, whereas others (workers, or neuters) are sterile or semisterile. The workers either
do not reproduce, or reproduce to a far lesser extent. The second trait is that the workers perform
tasks of benefit to the colony, and in particular, cooperativelyrear the young. The third trait is
that the society has some permanence and, specifically, that more than one adult generation
coexists in the colony.
Social insects show reproductive isolation. They usually live in colonies.
They are usually differentiated in structure, function, and behaviour into castes, the major ones
being the reproductives (e.g., the queen) and the steriles (workers and soldiers). Besides carrying
out the basic function of reproduction, the members of the reproductive caste generally select the
site for a new colony. The workers care for the eggs and larvae, collect food for other members
of the colony, and construct and repair the nest, while the soldiers defend the colony against
predators.
The typical social insect colony is a family. In ants, bees, and wasps, the workers are all females.
Males die after mating with queens and so take no part in social life. The colony therefore
consists of a queen, her adult worker daughters, and the brood (eggs, larvae, and pupae)
produced by the queen. The job of the workers is to rear the brood to produce new workers, new
queens, and males. The new queens and males are collectively referred to as reproductives, or
sexuals. The workers carry out their job by foraging for food, building or defending a nest, and
feeding and tending the brood. Termite colonies have the same basic structure, except that
workers are of both sexes and the queen is accompanied by a reproductive male, a king.. So,
termites are called social insects..
Sam, a 27-year-old African-American male, was admitted to the hospit.pdf
Sam, a 27-year-old African-American male, was admitted to the hospital because of an
uncontrollable fever. He was transferred from a long-term care facility. He has a history of a
gunshot wound to his left chest. Following a cardiac arrest after the accident he developed
hypoxic encephalopathy. He has a tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube. He has a history of
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in his sputum.
Subjective Data:
Family says that they visit him regularly and very devoted to him.
Objective Data:
Physical Examination
• Thin, cachectic African American man in moderate respiratory distress
• Unresponsive to voice, touch, or painful stimuli
• Vital signs: temperature 104° F (40° C), heart rate 120, respiratory rate 30, O2 saturation 90%
• Chest auscultation revealed crackles and scattered rhonchi in the left upper lobe Diagnostic
Studies
• White blood cell (WBC) count 18,000/µl (18 x 109 /L)
• Sputum specimen: thick, green colored, foul smelling; cultures pending
• Stool culture positive for Clostridium difficile
• Chest x-ray: infiltrate in left upper lobe; no pleural effusions noted
Questions:
1) What risk factors for Pneumonia did Sam have? What is the possible cause of the Pneumonia?
2) What clinical manifestations of pneumonia did Sam exhibit? Explain their pathophysiologic
bases?
3)What types of infectious disease precautions should be taken related to Sam’s hospitalization?
4) What antibiotic medication is likely to be prescribed?
5) What interventions would you initiate as part of his plan of care?
6) What clinical finding would alert you that the patient is developing ARDS?
7) Based on the assessment data presented, write one or more appropriate nursing diagnoses.
Solution
1. Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease that affects the alveoli sacs present in the lung. It is
caused by a bacterial or a viral infection, along with certain non infectious conditions such as
heart failure and diseases of the lungs. The risk factors that increase the likelihood of pneumonia
in Sam are his heart condition, recent trauma, infections through long term care facility and
probably a weakened immune system. The possible cause is the MRSA infection which has
become the leading cause of pneumonia.
2. a. Fever- Any infection is associated with fever since the body tries to ward of the infection by
increasing the body temperature.
b. Increased respiratory rate (30 breaths per minute) is another symptom. The normal range of
the respiratory rate is 12-13 breath per minute. The reason for this is the inflammation of the
alveoli due to which the exchange of gases doesn’t take place and the pO2 (partial pressure of
oxygen) decreases where the partial pressure of CO2 increases leaving an increased respiratory
rate to meet the body’s oxygen demand.
c. Another symptom is the O2 saturation level. O2 saturation level in Sam is 90% which is way
below the normal 95%. This is again due to the decreased O2 levels in the body. This might be
also due t.
question 4) Which of following elements are nonmetals Na O Ar S .pdf
question 4) Which of following elements are nonmetals? Na O Ar S only And IV III, and IV
only An atom having an atomic number of 12 needs how many erected 6 9
Solution
Answer:C. II, III and IV
Explanation:
The nonmetal elements are the elements with relatively low boiling points, that are poor
conductors of heat and electricity, and that do not readily give up their electrons.
The 17 nonmetal elements are: hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon,
phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, selenium, bromine, krypton, iodine, xenon, and radon..
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptx
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
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Consider the following experiment. There are 5 members of a team Jo.pdf
Consider the following experiment. There are 5 members of a team: John (J), Clara (C), George
(G), Dotty (D), Harry (H). Two members are selected at random to be the captains of the team.
Write the sample space for this experiment
Solution
From 5 members two of them can be selected in 5C2 = 10 ways.
The sample space conists of the following 10 elements:
(J,C),(J,G),(J,D),(J,H),
(C,G),(C,D),(C,H),
(G,D),(G,H),
(D,H).
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence a.pdf
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence all their children have
earned college degrees.They have consistently been asked one question:
Solution
A prolific couple had ten children.Through hard work and diligence all their children have
earned college degrees.They have consistently been asked one question:.
Describe how to use sanction such that a process can send a payload w.pdf
Describe how to use sanction such that a process can send a payload with the signal that can be
retrieved by the receiving process.
Solution
The kernel maintains two bit-vectors for every process
• Every type of signal has a specific bit in this bit-vector
• pending bit-vector records what signals have yet to be
delivered to the process
• Note: if multiple instances of a given signal occur before a process
receives the signal, it will see only one instance of the signal
• Signals indicate one or more events of given type have occurred
• blocked bit-vector records what signals are currently not
allowed to be delivered to the process
• Can have a signal that is both blocked and pending
• When the signal is unblocked, it will be delivered to the process
• When a signal is delivered to a process, that type of signal
is automatically blocked for the process
• Prevents a given signal handler from interrupting itself
• One kind of signal can interrupt another kind of signa
A process isn’t always running when a signal is sent to it
• e.g. kill() syscall is invoked by another process
• e.g. a child process dies, causing SIGCHLD to be sent to parent,
but a higher priority process currently preempts the parent
• Kernels make a distinction between generating a signal
and delivering the signal
Already mentioned pending / blocked signal bit-vectors
• At a coarse-grain level of detail, records which signals need to be
delivered, and which signals are currently blocked from delivery
• Each process also has a linked list of pending signals
• siginfo_t struct records relevant details of the pending signal
• Each process also has an array of “signal action” structs
• Specifies how to handle each kind of signal
• e.g. “default action,” “ignore,”
or a user-space handler
• (Flags also record other
options for handling signals
When a signal is sent to a process:
• The kernel invokes a specific function to update the process’ signal
structures, perform scheduling tasks, etc.
• e.g. Linux 2.6 has specific_send_sig_info() kernel function
• If the process already has a pending signal of that type,
the new signal is ignored
• For real-time signals, this test is skipped
• Every occurrence of a real-time signal is delivered
• If the process is ignoring
the signal, nothing is done
• No structures are updated
• No scheduling tasks oc.
based on this evidence Syconoid sponges were derived from leuconoid.pdf
based on this evidence? Syconoid sponges were derived from leuconoid ancestors. Leuconoid
sponges were derived from asconoid ancestors. Syconoid sponges were derived from syconoid
ancestors. Asconoid sponges were derived from syconoid ancestors. Leuconoid sponges were
derived from syconoid ancestors. The distinction between phagotrophs (or holozoic feeders) and
osmotrophs (or saprozoi a difference between producing your own food versus using the
chemical bonds in food molecules made diffusion of food across the membrane versus engulfing
food in a vacuole ingesting visible particles or organisms versus ingesting dissolved substances,
some from dead organisms eating living and eating dead oranic material. direct transport versus
indirect transport of food molecules The most likely mechanism for removing excess water by
contractile vacuoles is a proton pump that also pulls water into the vacuole. an ampulla that
forms suction. simple osmosis of water across the cell membrane. reverse osmosis. differential
fluid pressure. The large posterior attachment organ of the adult monogenean is a/an
opisthaptor. Cirrus rhabdite. pilidium. hydatid Nematocysts are first found in sponges, most
highly developed in cnidarians, but still found as remnants in some higher groups. formed and
used only by Cnidaria although a few other organisms may \"steal\" them. widespread among
the animal kingdom but first developed by Cnidarians. actually free-living symbionts that are
most usually taken up by cnidarians, as are many None of the choices is correct The function of
the siphonoglyph is to maintain balance or orientation. reproduction to form water currents into
the gastrovascular cavity. to aid in swimming. to sting the prey.
Solution
9.The correct answer is:C) ingesting visible particles or organisms versus ingesting dissolved
substances some from dead organisms.
Reason:Phagotrophs ingest food particles by engulfing them while osmotrophs ingest food
matter that is soluble.
10.The correct answer is: A) A proton pump that also pulls water into the vacuole.
Reason:Presence of proton pump in contractile vacuole brings a difference of ions inside the
vacuole as a result of which water is pulled into it via osmosis.
11.The correct answer is: A) opisthaptor
Reason:Opisthaptor is the posterior attachment strcuture of the monogenean adult.
12.The correct answer is:B) formed and used only in Cnidaria although a few other organisms
may steal them.
Reason:Nematocysts are found only in Cnidaria but there are marine gastropods known as
Nudibranchs that feed nematocysts of hydrozoids and store them in their dorsal body wall.These
stolen nematocysts are known as kleptocnidae.
13.The function of the siphonoglyph is: C) to form water currents into the gastrovascular cavity.
Reason: Siphonoglyph transfers water currents to the pharynx and are present at either one or
both ends of the mouth of sea anemones..
At noon Joyce drove to the lake at 30 miles per hour, but she made t.pdf
At noon Joyce drove to the lake at 30 miles per hour, but she made the long walk back home at 4
miles per hour. How long did she walk if she was gone for 17 hours? How far did she walk?
Solution
You know that d=v*t, where d is the distance and v is the speed and t is the time, the proble give
you two speeds and the total time.
Lets call t1 the time that it take her to go from his house to the lake, and lets call t2 the time that
it take her to go from the lake to his house. The distance from his house to the lake is constant, I
mean that the distance does not change. Now lets call v1 the speed of 30mph and v2 the speed of
4mph. The time t is equalt to t=d/v distance divede by speed. Now I hope that you understand the
following equation:
d/v1+d/v2=t The sum of the time that take her to go to the lake from his house and the time that
take her to go from the lake to his house it is the total time. Now we only have to use the given
data.
v1=30mph
v2=4mph
t=17hours
d/30+d/4=17 Now we only have to solve this equation to know the total distance that she
travelled.
2d+15d=1020
17d=1020
d=60 miles she travelled, and therefore the distance from his house to the lake is 30 miles..
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 a.pdf
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 adenines, how many cytosines,
guanines, and thymines must it have?
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
A) If a DNA double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 adenines, how many cytosines,
guanines, and thymines must it have?
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
B) Explain what is meant by the terms conservative and Semiconservative replication
Solution
A). Genes consist of specific sequences of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) nucleotides otherwise
called “bases,” which carry the message encoding for the synthesis of a protein. There are four
such bases, namely, adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C), which are the
building blocks of DNA’s double helical structure.
Chargaff proposed that, in a double stranded DNA, the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is always
1: 1.
Given that the number of adenines are 32, so, the number of thymines are also 32. The remaining
36 will be guanine and cytosine, each 18 in number.
B).
Gene is the physical unit of heredity that transmits information from one cell to another and
thereby one generation to another. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double helical structure; it
contains the organism’s genetic information in the genes which lie along the structure of DNA.
During cell division, the replication of DNA occurs, which is nothing but duplication of
chromosomes. DNA replication results in the formation of two new DNA helices. The
semiconservative pattern of DNA replication is demonstrated by Meselson and Stahl. In this,
each strand of parent DNA act as template for the new strand, thus producing two new DNA
strands. So, the newly formed DNA contains one old strand and one new strand.
In conservative replication, the original strands of DNA are not forwarded to the next generation,
but it act as a temple for the synthesis of new DNA. So the original double helix of DNA remains
intact..
Chapter2...22. (Problem 3) Which of the following are.pdf
Chapter2...>2>
2. (Problem 3) Which of the following are fundamental events that must take place in cell
reproduction?
A. A cell\'s genetic information must be copied.
B. The copies of the genetic information must be separated from one another.
C. The cell must divide.
D. All of the above are fundamental events that must take place in cell reproduction.
3. (Problem 4 part 1): What are three essential structural elements of a functional
eukaryotic chromosome?
A. Histone proteins, spindle fibers, and a pair of telomeres
B. Origins of replication, chromatids, and kinetochores
C. A centromere, a pair of telomeres, and origins of replication
D. A centromere, chromatids, and kinetochores
E. Spindle fibers, kinetochores, and chromatids
4. (Problem 4 part 2 ) The chromosomal structures that serve as the attachment point for
spindle fibers are the _____________________.
A. telomeres
B. origins of replication
C. centromeres
D. kinetochore proteins
E. histone proteins
5. (Problem 4 part 3) The natural ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that serve to stabilize
the ends of the chromosomes are the ______________________.
A. telomeres
B. origins of replication
C. centromeres
D. kinetochore proteins
E. histone proteins
6. (Problem 6, part 1) _______________ is the part of interphase within the cell cycle
where the cell growth and protein synthesis necessary for cell division and DNA replication take
place.
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
E. Telophase
15. (Problem 10) Why are the two cells produced by the cell cycle genetically identical?
A. An exact copy of each DNA molecule was created in S phase giving rise to the two
identical sister chromatids.
B. Chromosomal replication in prophase ensures two identical copies of each
chromosome for the two cells.
C. Mitosis ensures that each cell receives one copy of the two identical sister
chromatids created during S phase.
D. Both A and B are reasons that the two cells produced by the cell cycle are identical.
E. Both A and C are reasons that the two cells produced by the cell cycle are identical.
16. (Problem 11, part 1) For the stages of meiosis I below, which is incorrectly matched to a
major event that takes place during that stage?
A. Prophase I—synapsis
B. Metaphase I—homologous pairs of chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane of
the metaphase plate
C. Anaphase I—separation of sister chromatids
D. Telophase I—separated chromosomes reach spindle poles at opposite ends of the
cell
E. Prophase I—genetic recombination through crossing over
17. (Problem 11, part 2) For the stages of meiosis II below, which is incorrectly matched to
the major event that takes place during that stage?
A. Prophase II—spindle fibers form
B. Metaphase II—homologous pairs of chromosomes line up along the equatorial
plane of the metaphase II plate
C. Anaphase II—sister chromatids separate
D. Telophase II—spindle fibers breakdown
E. Prophase II—nuclear envelope breaks down
18. (Problem 12) What are the major results of meiosis?
A. Production of hapl.
Write a program that takes any input text and produces both a frequen.pdf
Write a program that takes any input text and produces both a frequency table and the
corresponding Huffman code. Take approximately 360 words from any English document as
your input text. Ignore all blanks, all punctuation marks, al special symbols. Create an input file
with this input text. Construct the frequency table according to the input text read from the file,
in the form: The Frequency\'s MUST be listed, in order, from largest (at the top) to smallest (at
the bottom). Only the BELOW Tablet Format will be accepted: Letter Comma Space Percentage
Example: A, 2.5% Then, using the Huffman algorithm, construct the optimal prefix binary code
for the table. Design your program to read the input from the input file \"infile.dat\" Your
program must produce the output, in the file \"outfile.dat\". consisting of the frequency table for
the source text. the Huffman code for each letter and digit in the source code, and the length of
the coded message in terms of number of bits. MUST use exact file names provided
Solution
#include \"FileLoader.h\"
#include \"CharFreqInVector.h\"
#include \"LeafNode.h\"
#include \"TreeFromListConstruction.h\"
#include \"GenerateHuffFile.h\"
#include \"Decompressor.h\"
#include
#include
#include
int main()
{
{
vector vFile;
vector cvFile;
vector charByte;
vector frequency;
FileLoader File(\"shakespeare.txt\");
vFile = File.loadFileIntoVector();
CharFreqInVector Frequency(vFile);
Frequency.calculateFrequency();
charByte = Frequency.getEachChar();//Frequency.getEachChar(); // need copies of the char
and its frequency to put to a LeafNode
frequency = Frequency.getEachFrequency();//Frequency.getEachFrequency();
TreeFromListConstruction tree(charByte, frequency);
//passing into a class that can modify the list into a binary tree
tree.formTree(); //modify the list into a binary tree
GenerateHuffFile Huff(tree.getTree(), vFile, \"compressed.txt\",charByte, frequency);
Huff.writeHuffFile();
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////decompression time
FileLoader cFile(\"compressed.txt\");
cvFile = cFile.loadFileIntoVector();
CharFreqInVector Formated(cvFile);
Formated.calcFreqInCompressed();
charByte = Formated.getEachChar();//Frequency.getEachChar(); // need copies of the char and
its frequency to put to a LeafNode
frequency = Formated.getEachFrequency();//Frequency.getEachFrequency();
TreeFromListConstruction recontructedTree(charByte, frequency);
recontructedTree.formTree();
Decompressor uncompress(recontructedTree.getTree(), cvFile, \"compressed.txt\",
\"decompressed.txt\", vFile.size());
uncompress.remakeFile();
}
cout << _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks(); //no memory leaks yay!
system(\"pause\");
return 0;
}
CharFreqInVector.h
#ifndef CHARFREQINVECTOR_H
#define CHARFREQINVECTOR_H
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class CharFreqInVector
{
public:
CharFreqInVector(vector& charVec);
~CharFreqInVector();
void clearVectors();
void calculateFrequency();
void calcFreqInCompresse.
why is reversibility an important characteristic of childrens .pdf
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
why is reversibility an important characteristic of children\'s reasoning at this stage of concrete
operations? Give examples of experiments that demonstrate how children\'s her reasoning
changes from preoperational to concrete operational as a consequence of being able to perform
reversible mental actions
Solution
According to Piaget\'s theory of cognitive development human development involves a series of
stages and each stages prepare the chid for succeeding level.
The four stages are:
1) The Sensorimotor stage: During this period infants are buzy discovering in relationship
between there body and enviornment. The child has well developed sensory ability and with help
of touching, seeing, sucking, feeling learn things by themselves in the enviornment.
2)The Preoperational stage: In this stage child thought is transductive means, \"Child will make
inferences every identical things with same thing. as All round things with boll.
then from age of 4-7 years child go through Intutive period ( egocentrism; perception dominated
and intutive thought)
2a) egocentrism: in this stage child thinks that every one feels as they do and share there feeling.
eg: the conversation of 2 child
rohit: i love trees
nisha: i am going to school.
rohit: tree is green in color
nisha: i will go with my mom.
Here they are talking but no one is bothered what other is saying. they are just sharing there
feeling.
In this stage the child also begins to develop the use of symbols (but can not manipulate them),
and the child is able to usethe language and words to represent the new things not visible.
By the age of 4 children are developing a more complete understanding of concepts and have
stopped reasoning tranductively.
The pre-operational child can not classify things.
for example, a child has a pile of toy vehicles which are then split into trucks and cars. Next the
child is asked \'Tell me, are there more trucks than vehicles, or less, or the same number?\' the
child will almost always say there are more trucks than vehicles!
In the latter stage of the preoperational period, the child begins to understand between reality and
fantasy.
3)The Concentrate operational stage:
During this time, children begins to reason logically, and organize thoughts. In this stage there is
loss of egocentric thinking.
In this stage the child is able to coordinate two dimensions of an .
Which of the following tools is used to generate the profiles and se.pdf
Which of the following tools is used to generate the profiles and sections in the viewports created
using the Solid View tool?
Select one:
1. Solid Draw
2. Solid Edit
3. None of these
Solution
1. Solid Draw tool generates profiles and sections in the viewports that were created with the
solid view tool..
What are 2 ways that Alexander Hamilton’s ideas influenced the Unite.pdf
What are 2 ways that Alexander Hamilton’s ideas influenced the United States??
normal essay of 4 paragraph.
Solution
Alexander Hamilton (1757-1804) is with us every day, in our wallets, on the $10 bill. But he is
with us in another sense, for more than any other Founder, he foresaw the America we live in
now. He shaped the financial, political, and legal systems of the young United States. His ideas
on racial equality and economic diversity were so far ahead of their time that it took America
decades to catch up with them. There is no inevitability in history; ideals alone -- even the ideals
of the Founding Fathers -- do not guarantee success. Hamilton made the early republic work, and
set the agenda for its future. We live in the world he made; here is what he did, and how he did
it.
Hamilton spent much of his life in military uniform. From 1776 to 1781, in the Revolutionary
War, he fought in seven major battles, as a captain of artillery, a colonel on George
Washington\'s staff, and a commander of light infantry. In 1798-99, when war with France
loomed, he re-entered the military as a senior officer.
The American Revolution
When Hamilton arrived in New York, the thirteen colonies had been protesting British taxes and
commercial regulations for years. New York City was a hotbed of contending political factions,
pitting Patriots against pro-British Loyalists. While still a student at King\'s College (now
Columbia), Hamilton took up the Patriots\' cause, writing his first political article in 1774 (he
signed himself \"A Friend to America\").
Washington\'s Aide-de-Camp
In March 1777 Hamilton was promoted to colonel and appointed to George Washington\'s staff.
He performed essential tasks, saw firsthand the dire consequences of Congress\'s inability to pay
for adequate supplies or troops, and forged, with his Commander in Chief, the most important
political bond of his life. But though Hamilton\'s work on Washington\'s staff was stimulating
and important, it was also confining. He longed to return to the battlefield to win still more glory.
He did so in 1781, and fought bravely at the war\'s climactic Battle of Yorktown. In 1783 the
Revolution ended in victory -- and a load of debt for the newly independent nation.
Foreign Policy
In the 1790s, the French Revolution ignited a new series of world wars. George Washington and
Hamilton desperately wanted to keep the unprepared nation out of the conflict, as Washington
wrote (with Hamilton\'s help) in his Farewell Address: \"Why... entangle our peace and
prosperity in the toils of European ambition?\" But when war against Revolutionary France
appeared inevitable, the two veterans joined forces once again to build an effective army.
Lawmaker
Hamilton attended the Constitutional Convention in 1787, and helped persuade a skeptical public
to ratify the Constitution by launching the Federalist Papers, a series of newspaper pieces. The
first Federalist asked for laws based on \"reflection and choice,\" not .
Which of the following is a non-respiratory function of the lunga.pdf
Which of the following is a non-respiratory function of the lung?
a) It warms and moisturizes inhaled air
b) It acts as a reservoir of blood for the left ventricle
c) It acts as a blood filter (filters small emboli)
d) It is a major site of angiotensin converting enzyme production
e) All of the above are correct
Solution
e) All of the above are correct
non-respiratory function of the lung also include removal of inhaled foreign particles and
infectious organisms, olfaction and reservoir of blood.
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organizat.pdf
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organization
Which key numbers help you asses your performance in an organization
Solution
Performance Ratios
Calculation
What It Measures
Cash flow to revenue
CFO / Net revenue
Cash generated per dollar of revenue
Cash return on assets
CFO / Average total assets
Cash generated from all resources
Cash return on equity
CFO / Average shareholders’ equity
Cash generated from owner resources
Cash to income
CFO / Operating income
Cash-generating ability of operations
Cash flow per share
(CFO –Preferred dividends) / Number of common shares outstanding
Operating cash flow on a per-share basis
Profitability Ratios: Time Series Analysis (within company) OR Cross-Sectional Analysis
(Between Companies)
Return on Sales
Return on Investment: Performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of investment. It is
one of most commonly used approaches for evaluating the financial consequences of business
investments, decisions, or actions
Balance Sheet Ratios:
Liquidity: Ability to meet short term obligations
Solvency:Ability to meet Long term obligations
Performance Ratios
Calculation
What It Measures
Cash flow to revenue
CFO / Net revenue
Cash generated per dollar of revenue
Cash return on assets
CFO / Average total assets
Cash generated from all resources
Cash return on equity
CFO / Average shareholders’ equity
Cash generated from owner resources
Cash to income
CFO / Operating income
Cash-generating ability of operations
Cash flow per share
(CFO –Preferred dividends) / Number of common shares outstanding
Operating cash flow on a per-share basis.
what two things can system elements do with energy in the system.pdf
what two things can system elements do with energy in the system?
Solution
Systems have a structure that is defined by its parts and processes. Systems are generalizations
of reality. Systems tend to function in the same way. This involves the inputs and outputs of
material (energy and/or matter) that is then processed causing it to change in some way. The
various parts of a system have functional as well as structural relationships between each other.
The fact that functional relationships exist between the parts suggests the flow and transfer of
some type of energy and/or matter. Systems often exchange energy and/or matter beyond their
defined boundary with the outside environment, and other systems, through various input and
output processes. Functional relationships can only occur because of the presence of a driving
force. The parts that make up a system show some degree of integration - in other words the
parts work well together..
What is an Intervening Variable, Casual Prior Variable, and Partial .pdf
What is an Intervening Variable, Casual Prior Variable, and Partial Relationship? What is an
example of each and how can they be described in statistics?
Solution
An intervening variable also known as mediator transmits the effect of an independent variable
to a dependent variable. In industrial psychology the work environment is a major factor which
leads to changes in the intervening variable of job perception and which in turn affects
behavioral outcomes.
Partial relationship is the correlation between two variables while controlling for a third variable.
The purpose of partial relationship is to find the unique variance between two variables while
eliminating the variance from a third variables.
This technique is used in various experimental design where various interrelated phenomenon
are studied..
The basic functional plan of the gonads includes all of the followin.pdf
The basic functional plan of the gonads includes all of the following except:
A) Production and transport of germ cells.
B) Production of sex hormones.
C) Nurture, support and protect developing organism.
Solution
Gonads produce sex harmones.
They nurture and protect germ cells. They regulate the formation of gametes competant enough
to inherit the genome to the next generation ..
The color of the small lymphocytes cytoplasm is a very () lilac a.pdf
The color of the small lymphocyte\'s cytoplasm is a very (?) lilac and its nucleus is (?) and
occupies up to 97% of the volume of the cell. A large population of these lymphocytes are the (?)
to the whole immune system.
(?) = fill in the blank
Solution
Small lymphocytes are commonly found in normal blood. They a large, dense, round nucleus,
purple-lilac covering 97% of the cell volume.Their cytoplasm is small, reflecting cytoplasmic/
ameboid movements, and are involved in the production of antibodies. They are the predominant
form of lymphocytes, when they encounter an antigen, then their macromolecular synthesis
initiates which results in the conversion to other lymphocytic cell forms.
Therefore, the appropriate options for the fill in the blanks is:
The color of the small lymphocyte\'s cytoplasm is a very (deep) lilac and its nucleus is (large)
and occupies up to 97% of the volume of the cell. A large population of these lymphocytes are
the (predominant) to the whole immune system..
Social behavior in termites does not include the reproductive isolat.pdf
Social behavior in termites does not include the reproductive isolation of a worker caste as this
caste can mature to winged reproductives. List 4 reasons why termites still considerd \"social\".
(Notes: these traits would Not be found in solitary insects).
Solution
Insects can be either solitary or social. Among the solitary insects are the housefly, which lives
and hunts by itself. It has no social structure, except for breeding. Social insects live within an
very organized structure, and works and lives in constant co-operation with other insects. Social
insects are best exemplified by all termites (Isoptera) and ants (Formicidae) and by various bees
and wasps (Hymenoptera).
Species of insect qualifying as truly social, or eusocial, exhibit three traits. The first, and most
important, is a reproductive division of labor. Some individuals (the queens and kings) are fertile
and reproduce, whereas others (workers, or neuters) are sterile or semisterile. The workers either
do not reproduce, or reproduce to a far lesser extent. The second trait is that the workers perform
tasks of benefit to the colony, and in particular, cooperativelyrear the young. The third trait is
that the society has some permanence and, specifically, that more than one adult generation
coexists in the colony.
Social insects show reproductive isolation. They usually live in colonies.
They are usually differentiated in structure, function, and behaviour into castes, the major ones
being the reproductives (e.g., the queen) and the steriles (workers and soldiers). Besides carrying
out the basic function of reproduction, the members of the reproductive caste generally select the
site for a new colony. The workers care for the eggs and larvae, collect food for other members
of the colony, and construct and repair the nest, while the soldiers defend the colony against
predators.
The typical social insect colony is a family. In ants, bees, and wasps, the workers are all females.
Males die after mating with queens and so take no part in social life. The colony therefore
consists of a queen, her adult worker daughters, and the brood (eggs, larvae, and pupae)
produced by the queen. The job of the workers is to rear the brood to produce new workers, new
queens, and males. The new queens and males are collectively referred to as reproductives, or
sexuals. The workers carry out their job by foraging for food, building or defending a nest, and
feeding and tending the brood. Termite colonies have the same basic structure, except that
workers are of both sexes and the queen is accompanied by a reproductive male, a king.. So,
termites are called social insects..
Sam, a 27-year-old African-American male, was admitted to the hospit.pdf
Sam, a 27-year-old African-American male, was admitted to the hospital because of an
uncontrollable fever. He was transferred from a long-term care facility. He has a history of a
gunshot wound to his left chest. Following a cardiac arrest after the accident he developed
hypoxic encephalopathy. He has a tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube. He has a history of
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in his sputum.
Subjective Data:
Family says that they visit him regularly and very devoted to him.
Objective Data:
Physical Examination
• Thin, cachectic African American man in moderate respiratory distress
• Unresponsive to voice, touch, or painful stimuli
• Vital signs: temperature 104° F (40° C), heart rate 120, respiratory rate 30, O2 saturation 90%
• Chest auscultation revealed crackles and scattered rhonchi in the left upper lobe Diagnostic
Studies
• White blood cell (WBC) count 18,000/µl (18 x 109 /L)
• Sputum specimen: thick, green colored, foul smelling; cultures pending
• Stool culture positive for Clostridium difficile
• Chest x-ray: infiltrate in left upper lobe; no pleural effusions noted
Questions:
1) What risk factors for Pneumonia did Sam have? What is the possible cause of the Pneumonia?
2) What clinical manifestations of pneumonia did Sam exhibit? Explain their pathophysiologic
bases?
3)What types of infectious disease precautions should be taken related to Sam’s hospitalization?
4) What antibiotic medication is likely to be prescribed?
5) What interventions would you initiate as part of his plan of care?
6) What clinical finding would alert you that the patient is developing ARDS?
7) Based on the assessment data presented, write one or more appropriate nursing diagnoses.
Solution
1. Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease that affects the alveoli sacs present in the lung. It is
caused by a bacterial or a viral infection, along with certain non infectious conditions such as
heart failure and diseases of the lungs. The risk factors that increase the likelihood of pneumonia
in Sam are his heart condition, recent trauma, infections through long term care facility and
probably a weakened immune system. The possible cause is the MRSA infection which has
become the leading cause of pneumonia.
2. a. Fever- Any infection is associated with fever since the body tries to ward of the infection by
increasing the body temperature.
b. Increased respiratory rate (30 breaths per minute) is another symptom. The normal range of
the respiratory rate is 12-13 breath per minute. The reason for this is the inflammation of the
alveoli due to which the exchange of gases doesn’t take place and the pO2 (partial pressure of
oxygen) decreases where the partial pressure of CO2 increases leaving an increased respiratory
rate to meet the body’s oxygen demand.
c. Another symptom is the O2 saturation level. O2 saturation level in Sam is 90% which is way
below the normal 95%. This is again due to the decreased O2 levels in the body. This might be
also due t.
question 4) Which of following elements are nonmetals Na O Ar S .pdf
question 4) Which of following elements are nonmetals? Na O Ar S only And IV III, and IV
only An atom having an atomic number of 12 needs how many erected 6 9
Solution
Answer:C. II, III and IV
Explanation:
The nonmetal elements are the elements with relatively low boiling points, that are poor
conductors of heat and electricity, and that do not readily give up their electrons.
The 17 nonmetal elements are: hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon,
phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, argon, selenium, bromine, krypton, iodine, xenon, and radon..
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The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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