- How are corporate hierarchies related to the systems concept-Solutio.docx
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- How are corporate hierarchies related to the systems concept? Solution The concept of corporate hierarchies and the concept of systems is simpilar to eachother. The arrangement of individuals within a corporation according to power, status and job function. In a public company, usually the board of directors will be at the top, followed by the CEO, who may also be the chairman of the board of directors as well as the president. Below the CEO will be other C-level executives, such as the CFO, CIO and COO, followed by upper management (vice-presidents/managers/directors), then the employees in each department who are further broken down into levels of experience and authority. Similarly, A system is a set of interacting or interdependent component parts forming a complex/intricate whole. [1] Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose and expressed in its functioning. The term system may also refer to a set of rules that governs structure or behavior. Alternatively, and usually in the context of complex social systems, the term is used to describe the set of rules that govern structure or behavior. .
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![- How are corporate hierarchies related to the systems concept?
Solution
The concept of corporate hierarchies and the concept of systems is simpilar to eachother.
The arrangement of individuals within a corporation according to power, status and job function.
In a public company, usually the board of directors will be at the top, followed by the CEO, who
may also be the chairman of the board of directors as well as the president. Below the CEO will
be other C-level executives, such as the CFO, CIO and COO, followed by upper management
(vice-presidents/managers/directors), then the employees in each department who are further
broken down into levels of experience and authority.
Similarly,
A system is a set of interacting or interdependent component parts forming a complex/intricate
whole. [1]
Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal boundaries, surrounded and
influenced by its environment, described by its structure and purpose and expressed in its
functioning.
The term system may also refer to a set of rules that governs structure or behavior. Alternatively,
and usually in the context of complex social systems, the term is used to describe the set of rules
that govern structure or behavior.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/howarecorporatehierarchiesrelatedtothesystemsconcept-solutio-230130232640-f308e353/85/How-are-corporate-hierarchies-related-to-the-systems-concept-Solutio-docx-1-320.jpg)
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(Internal controls for plant assets) Harris, CPA, has accepted an engagement to audit the financial statements of Grant Manufacturing Co., a new client. Grant has an adequate control environment and a reasonable segregation of duties. Harris is about to assess control risk for the assertions related to Grant\'s property and equipment.
Required
Describe the key internal control structure policies and procedures related to Grant\'s property, equipment, and related transactions (additions, transfers, major maintenance and repairs, retirements, and dispositions) that Harris may consider in assessing control risk.
Solution
Grant manufacturing claims: Grant has an adequate control environment and a reasonable segregation of duties.
Property and Equipment - Policy for scraping of equipment, maintenance frequency, proper evironmental disposal. All to these are kep policy / information for the audit.
Additions and Transfers - Standard for receiving additions. Ensure that the standard has a seperation of responsibility from the receiving and purchasing processes.
Retirements and Dispositions - Looks at standard for when and how material and machines are scrapped. Is the salvage value accounted for correctly, etc.
.
- What is continuous linked settlement and how does it operate- - What.docx
- What is continuous linked settlement and how does it operate?
- What is a quotation and how does it work in cross currency?
Solution
What is continuous linked settlement and how does it operate?
Continuous Linked Settlement
Continuous Linked Settlement is a process by which a number of the world\'s largest banks manage settlement of foreign exchange amongst themselves, their customers and other third-parties. It is an industry initiative to eliminate the settlement risk in foreign exchange transactions. This is achieved by using a \'payment versus payment\' method, which provides a simultaneous exchange of currency values through Continuous Linked Settlement Bank International (CLS)
How is CLS managed?
Settlement Members have direct links to CLS to input deals on their own and their customers\' behalf. They effect settlement on the due dates through accounts held at the CLS Bank. User Members have the same direct access, but use a Settlement Member to handle their settlement on the due dates. Third Parties have no direct links to CLS, and their trades must be sent to CLS via a Settlement or User Member. Most banks (as well as major corporates with their own FX departments), that wish to use CLS, do so as Third Parties)
How does Continuous Linked Settlement work?
When a foreign exchange deal is struck between banks, each counterparty transmits the details to CLS Bank, where they are matched and held until the settlement date. At the start of day, each Settlement Member
.
- What is a right-to-work state- What are the advantages or disadvanta.docx
. What is a right-to-work state? What are the advantages or disadvantages of doing business in a right-to-work state?
Solution
A Right to Work law secures the right of employees to decide for themselves whether or not to join or financially support a union. However, employees who work in the railway or airline industries are not protected by a Right to Work law, and employees who work on a federal enclave may not be. Moreover, a Right to Work law does not prohibit limitations on when a dues deduction authorization card can be revoked.
The Advantages of the Right to Work
Right-to-work laws prevent union organizations from monopolizing work opportunities. An outgrowth of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, right-to-work laws prohibit employers from creating exclusive relationships with labor unions. Right-to-work laws guarantee that nonunion employers and nonunion workers can bid on jobs that would otherwise be restricted for union labor
The Disadvantages of Right to Work States
Right-to-work states prohibit unions and employers from forcing employees to join a union or pay union dues as a condition of employment. These states also prevent denial of employment to non-union members or requiring a fee for the right to work. Nearly half of all states are \"right-to-work\" states. Advocates of right-to-work laws claim stronger economic growth indicators, such as lower unemployment rates, interstate migration and higher gross domestic product (GDP) growth. However, right-to-work can potentially weaken collective bargaining, inhibit worker wage growth and allow for employee termination without just cause
.
(b) Ionization energy generally increases from left to right across th.docx
(b) Ionization energy generally increases from left to right across the second period element, but boron, which is to the right of beryllium, has a lower ionization energy than beryllium. Explain. Bor on has a lower Ionization energy Beryllium than be cause He D Øshell only contains one ele ce von which makes it less stable the Beryllium which has a tulis oy bital. Muh s
Solution
Generally in the periods from left to right Ionisation Energy increases... Because decrease in atomic radii.
But Boron having less Ionisation Energy compare to Beryllium it\'s neighbour element,
reason:
BORON electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p1
Beryllium electronic configuration 1s2 2s2
Beryllium contains completely filled 2s orbital, so it gives extra stability. That is why it needs more energy to remove the electron.
Where as Boron has 2p1 electron in its valence shell it can be easily removed, so it has low Ionisation Energy
.
- Describe in one or two paragraphs what is Web (8-10 lines) Your desc.docx
. Describe in one or two paragraphs what is Web (8-10 lines) Your description should include, definition, evolution, starting history, protocols and creation of web pages, browsing, searching, managing organization, future of the web
Solution
Web is basically a system of Internet servers that support formatted documents. HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is used to format them. It consists of videos,audio and graphics.
We can access or browse the web pages with the help of web browsers.
Web browsers examples: Mozilla, chrome
Evolution of web :
On the thirtieth of April 1993 The European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN) released the source code of WorldWideWeb into the public domain, so anyone could use or build upon the software without charge.
Marc Andreessen left NCSA and together with Jim Clark founded Mosaic Communications, later renamed to Netscape Communications Corporation, and started work on what was to become Netscape Navigator.
Version 1.0 of the software was released in December 1994.
In August 1995 Spyglass Inc. licensed their Mosaic technology to Microsoft to form the basis of Internet Explorer and the version 1.0 of internet explorer was released.
Protocals:
TCP/IP : The Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) was introduced as the standard networking protocol on the ARPANET in 1982.
Http : Development of HTTP was initiated by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989. The first definition of HTTP/1.1 occurred in RFC 2068 in 1997.Http/2 was standardized into 2015.
.
- Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture- if.docx
. Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture; if it is a mixture, state whether it or homogeneous: (a) concrete, (b) tomato juice, (c) marble, (d) seawater, and (e) iron. 2. Sugge st a way to determine whether a colorless liquid is pure water or a salt solution without tasting it. 3. What distinguishes a mixture from an impure substance? 4. Define the process of sublimation. 5. How do decantation and filtration differ? Which should be faster? 6. Why should you never weigh a hot object?
Solution
1. Only iron is pure substance, rest all are homogeneous mixture .
2 .Pure water will be clear and and salt solution will have some colloidal particles suspended in water and these can be seen with naked eye .
3.A mixture is made while impure substance is self made .
Mixture is a combination of two different substance for any purpose but impure substance have undesirable foreign substance in a pure substance .
4.Sublimatio ; when upon strong heating any solid directly changes into the gas without undergoing liquid phase , is called sublimation .
.
- Below are nominal GDP and GDP deflators for four years- Calculate re.docx
.  Below are nominal GDP and GDP deflators for four years. Calculate real GDP in each year:
Year
Nominal GDP in billions
GDP Deflator
2010
$12,000
100
2011
13,000
104
2012
14,490
105
2013
14,800
110
Solution
Year Nominal GDP Index Real GDP=Nominal GDP*100/Index(Base Year 2010) 2010 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â $12,000 100 12000 2011 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 13,000 104 12500 2012 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 14,490 105 13800 2013 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 14,800 110 13454.55
.
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