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Public conscience is not outraged, despite occasional investigative media reporting and social action litigation in appellate courts in labour-surplus economy and chronic unemployment which provide passport for ruthless exploitation. According to Precht, the promotion of the basic rights of persona and nations will be successful if they will be considered from the perspective of the poor people. Among factors contributing to child labour, the important are rapid population growth, adultery unemployment, bad working conditions, lack of minimum wages, exploitation of workers, low standard of living, low quality of education, lack of legal provisions and enforcement, low capacity of institutions, gender discrimination conceptual thinking about childhood. Mindset of the people can be changed by imparting value based education and culture.
Ijciss1 april2612 A STUDY ON CELLULAR SERVICE INDUSTRY ON ITS SERVICE QUALITY...IJMR Journal
The objectives of this paper were to explore reasons why consumers prefer a specific mobile service and to explore the relationship between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Brand Loyalty. The cellular service providers are using different sales promotional methods to attract the customers towards them. For further enhancement, to measure the Customers’ Satisfaction and Service Quality towards Brand Loyalty of cellular service is important. The survey instruments used in the present study to measure Brand Loyalty were Service Quality, Price, Product Quality, Promotional Quality and Customer Satisfaction. Thus the structural equation modeling approach was necessary in order to examine the variables. The findings revealed that reliability, responsiveness in service quality, reasonable price and customer satisfaction leads to brand loyalty towards cellular communication providers. The researcher suggests that proper promotional offer with right service at the right time and enhanced product quality to make the customer satisfied and loyal to the service providers.
Keywords: Service Quality, Price, Product quality, Promotional quality, Customer satisfaction, Service/Brand loyalty.
Characterizing High-Speed Serial Communications Links Requires Some Analog Sa...Hamed M. Sanogo
The document discusses a six-step process for characterizing high-speed serial communication links at 1Gbps or higher to measure, identify, and eliminate sources of clock and data jitter. The steps include quantifying random and deterministic jitter, analyzing amplitude noise histograms, comparing eye diagrams to masks, separating jitter types and components, and diagnosing the root causes of jitter by examining the frequency domain. The goal is to understand different types of jitter, find their causes, and eliminate effects to ensure reliable data transmission.
Profil Wirausahawan Sukses - KI Ageng Widyanto Suryo BuwonoTutik SR
Teks tersebut merangkum profil Ki Ageng Widyanto Suryo Buwono, pendiri Bakso Lapangan Tembak Senayan. Bakso Lapangan Tembak Senayan didirikan pada tahun 1971 dengan modal Rp 1.200 dan kini menjadi restoran bakso terbesar di Indonesia dengan gerai yang mampu menghasilkan omset Rp 4 milyar per bulan.
This document summarizes discussions from a #scotcloud event. It includes summaries of presentations on cloud security from Vladimir Jirasek of the Cloud Security Alliance UK chapter, on MaidSafe from David Irvine of MaidSafe, and on cloud strategy considerations from Richard Higgs of brightsolid. Higgs outlined brightsolid's cloud philosophy and emphasized the importance of hybrid cloud solutions. He discussed 7 critical cloud considerations including continuous availability, resource optimization, security, and automation. The event also featured a presentation from Peter Sturrock of Skyscanner on how the company uses the cloud.
All words belong to categories called word classes (or parts of speech) according to the part they play in a sentence. The main word classes in English are:
- Noun
- Verb
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Pronoun
- Conjunction
- Determiner
- Exclamation
- Preposition
AN ANALYSIS OF CHILD ABUSE IN INDIAN SCENARIOIJMR Journal
Public conscience is not outraged, despite occasional investigative media reporting and social action litigation in appellate courts in labour-surplus economy and chronic unemployment which provide passport for ruthless exploitation. According to Precht, the promotion of the basic rights of persona and nations will be successful if they will be considered from the perspective of the poor people. Among factors contributing to child labour, the important are rapid population growth, adultery unemployment, bad working conditions, lack of minimum wages, exploitation of workers, low standard of living, low quality of education, lack of legal provisions and enforcement, low capacity of institutions, gender discrimination conceptual thinking about childhood. Mindset of the people can be changed by imparting value based education and culture.
Ijciss1 april2612 A STUDY ON CELLULAR SERVICE INDUSTRY ON ITS SERVICE QUALITY...IJMR Journal
The objectives of this paper were to explore reasons why consumers prefer a specific mobile service and to explore the relationship between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Brand Loyalty. The cellular service providers are using different sales promotional methods to attract the customers towards them. For further enhancement, to measure the Customers’ Satisfaction and Service Quality towards Brand Loyalty of cellular service is important. The survey instruments used in the present study to measure Brand Loyalty were Service Quality, Price, Product Quality, Promotional Quality and Customer Satisfaction. Thus the structural equation modeling approach was necessary in order to examine the variables. The findings revealed that reliability, responsiveness in service quality, reasonable price and customer satisfaction leads to brand loyalty towards cellular communication providers. The researcher suggests that proper promotional offer with right service at the right time and enhanced product quality to make the customer satisfied and loyal to the service providers.
Keywords: Service Quality, Price, Product quality, Promotional quality, Customer satisfaction, Service/Brand loyalty.
Characterizing High-Speed Serial Communications Links Requires Some Analog Sa...Hamed M. Sanogo
The document discusses a six-step process for characterizing high-speed serial communication links at 1Gbps or higher to measure, identify, and eliminate sources of clock and data jitter. The steps include quantifying random and deterministic jitter, analyzing amplitude noise histograms, comparing eye diagrams to masks, separating jitter types and components, and diagnosing the root causes of jitter by examining the frequency domain. The goal is to understand different types of jitter, find their causes, and eliminate effects to ensure reliable data transmission.
Profil Wirausahawan Sukses - KI Ageng Widyanto Suryo BuwonoTutik SR
Teks tersebut merangkum profil Ki Ageng Widyanto Suryo Buwono, pendiri Bakso Lapangan Tembak Senayan. Bakso Lapangan Tembak Senayan didirikan pada tahun 1971 dengan modal Rp 1.200 dan kini menjadi restoran bakso terbesar di Indonesia dengan gerai yang mampu menghasilkan omset Rp 4 milyar per bulan.
This document summarizes discussions from a #scotcloud event. It includes summaries of presentations on cloud security from Vladimir Jirasek of the Cloud Security Alliance UK chapter, on MaidSafe from David Irvine of MaidSafe, and on cloud strategy considerations from Richard Higgs of brightsolid. Higgs outlined brightsolid's cloud philosophy and emphasized the importance of hybrid cloud solutions. He discussed 7 critical cloud considerations including continuous availability, resource optimization, security, and automation. The event also featured a presentation from Peter Sturrock of Skyscanner on how the company uses the cloud.
All words belong to categories called word classes (or parts of speech) according to the part they play in a sentence. The main word classes in English are:
- Noun
- Verb
- Adjective
- Adverb
- Pronoun
- Conjunction
- Determiner
- Exclamation
- Preposition
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by providing a button to click to begin the process. The document is advertising the creation of presentations on Haiku Deck and SlideShare.
12 Months of Awesome (Content) for Socially Responsible BusinessesAndrew Boardman
Having worked with dozens of socially responsible businesses
over the years, we have learned that having access to great,
regular and informed content is key to your communications
success. And content is more important than ever in
connecting with prospective and current customers and
clients.
Your business blog and social media channels make up a
crucial part of your marketing and communications strategy.
Please use this calendar to outline or enhance your content
strategy and keep on top of your marketing goals for the
remainder of 2015 and the first eight months of 2016.
This document discusses several studies on the relationship between children, nature, and conservation. It notes that children are often excluded from conservation studies that look at factors like race, income, and location. Exposure to green spaces is important for children's cognitive, emotional, and physical development. However, studies show that urban children and those from lower-income families often have less access to nature. The document examines how social views of nature can influence children's understanding of conservation and their relationship with the natural world.
High Level Conference on Jordan’s Water Crisis - December 2, 2013Nicholas Harnish
This document summarizes a report on the impact of Syrian refugees on Jordan's water sector. It finds that the influx of refugees since 2011 has significantly strained Jordan's water resources and sanitation services. Key findings include:
- Syrian refugees are most concentrated in northern Jordanian cities like Ramtha, which are struggling to meet twice the previous demand for water.
- Jordan's groundwater basins are overexploited, and water extraction is unsustainable given the rising population.
- Sanitation networks cannot handle the increased waste generation in many cities. Expansion is needed.
- Water losses are high due to leakage and lack of reliable infrastructure in some refugee-concentrated areas.
The report quant
Design for Learning: The Future of the Web (Well, for 5 Years)Andrew Boardman
This document discusses design and content strategies for informational websites. It notes that design elements like user experience, site structure, color and typography can have an emotional impact on users. Effective content includes blogs, images, video, infographics and social media. Data shows users will abandon pages that load slowly and are less likely to return if they have a bad user experience. Successful informational websites focus on customer education, retention and loyalty through engaging content that follows inbound marketing methodology. Public relations can still be effective through telling stories that are relevant to the inbound approach.
The "top down" approach emphasizes readers bringing meaning to text based on their experiential background and interpreting text based on their prior knowledge (whole language).
Scotland's only conference devoted to ITSM (IT Service Management) attended by over 150 IT professionals. This event was held 25th October 2016, Edinburgh.
Penyewa baru pindah ke Apartemen 201. Keiko penasaran dan menempelkan telinga ke pintu untuk mendengar suara di dalam, namun tidak ada suara. Pintu tiba-tiba terbuka dan Keiko jatuh. Penyewa baru itu bertanya apakah Keiko baik-baik saja.
Scot-Tech Engagement's Cyber Security Conference for Scottish Business, held 30th April 2015, Edinburgh. For more information contact ray@scot-tech.com.
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The term ethics in simple layman’s words can be described as moral philosophy. The dictionary however says that the word “ethics” is derived from the Greek word “Ethikos” meaning customs or character. Since ethics is described as moral philosophy it could be elaborated by calling it a branch of philosophy and is considered a normative science because it is concerned with the norms of human conduct, as distinguished from formal sciences such as mathematics and logic, physical sciences such as chemistry and empirical sciences such as economics or psychology. The ethical practices in conducting the business may sounds to be difficult but in long run its fruits can be reaped by generations to come. In this paper, “Ethical Business Practices: A Key to successful export trade” an effort has been made to highlight the business practices at Tynor Orthotics Ltd having worldwide acceptability of the products which is the basic requirement for sustainability in the today’s global economy. The primary data has been collected directly through discussions with the officials related to Tynor and the secondary data has been collected from reports of Tynor and website. The ethical business practices followed at the Tynor has contributed a lot in the world wide acceptability of its products.
This document is a resume for Brian Wilson, a high school teacher and publications advisor. It outlines his extensive qualifications and experience advising award-winning student newspapers and yearbooks over 20 years. It also lists his accomplishments, such as being named journalism advisor of the year, and testimonials from former students about how his guidance and teaching helped prepare them for their current careers.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by providing a button to click to begin the process. The document is advertising the creation of presentations on Haiku Deck and SlideShare.
12 Months of Awesome (Content) for Socially Responsible BusinessesAndrew Boardman
Having worked with dozens of socially responsible businesses
over the years, we have learned that having access to great,
regular and informed content is key to your communications
success. And content is more important than ever in
connecting with prospective and current customers and
clients.
Your business blog and social media channels make up a
crucial part of your marketing and communications strategy.
Please use this calendar to outline or enhance your content
strategy and keep on top of your marketing goals for the
remainder of 2015 and the first eight months of 2016.
This document discusses several studies on the relationship between children, nature, and conservation. It notes that children are often excluded from conservation studies that look at factors like race, income, and location. Exposure to green spaces is important for children's cognitive, emotional, and physical development. However, studies show that urban children and those from lower-income families often have less access to nature. The document examines how social views of nature can influence children's understanding of conservation and their relationship with the natural world.
High Level Conference on Jordan’s Water Crisis - December 2, 2013Nicholas Harnish
This document summarizes a report on the impact of Syrian refugees on Jordan's water sector. It finds that the influx of refugees since 2011 has significantly strained Jordan's water resources and sanitation services. Key findings include:
- Syrian refugees are most concentrated in northern Jordanian cities like Ramtha, which are struggling to meet twice the previous demand for water.
- Jordan's groundwater basins are overexploited, and water extraction is unsustainable given the rising population.
- Sanitation networks cannot handle the increased waste generation in many cities. Expansion is needed.
- Water losses are high due to leakage and lack of reliable infrastructure in some refugee-concentrated areas.
The report quant
Design for Learning: The Future of the Web (Well, for 5 Years)Andrew Boardman
This document discusses design and content strategies for informational websites. It notes that design elements like user experience, site structure, color and typography can have an emotional impact on users. Effective content includes blogs, images, video, infographics and social media. Data shows users will abandon pages that load slowly and are less likely to return if they have a bad user experience. Successful informational websites focus on customer education, retention and loyalty through engaging content that follows inbound marketing methodology. Public relations can still be effective through telling stories that are relevant to the inbound approach.
The "top down" approach emphasizes readers bringing meaning to text based on their experiential background and interpreting text based on their prior knowledge (whole language).
Scotland's only conference devoted to ITSM (IT Service Management) attended by over 150 IT professionals. This event was held 25th October 2016, Edinburgh.
Penyewa baru pindah ke Apartemen 201. Keiko penasaran dan menempelkan telinga ke pintu untuk mendengar suara di dalam, namun tidak ada suara. Pintu tiba-tiba terbuka dan Keiko jatuh. Penyewa baru itu bertanya apakah Keiko baik-baik saja.
Scot-Tech Engagement's Cyber Security Conference for Scottish Business, held 30th April 2015, Edinburgh. For more information contact ray@scot-tech.com.
Please note further presentations will be added once speakers have approved
ETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICES: A KEY TO SUCCESSFUL EXPORT TRADEIJMR Journal
The term ethics in simple layman’s words can be described as moral philosophy. The dictionary however says that the word “ethics” is derived from the Greek word “Ethikos” meaning customs or character. Since ethics is described as moral philosophy it could be elaborated by calling it a branch of philosophy and is considered a normative science because it is concerned with the norms of human conduct, as distinguished from formal sciences such as mathematics and logic, physical sciences such as chemistry and empirical sciences such as economics or psychology. The ethical practices in conducting the business may sounds to be difficult but in long run its fruits can be reaped by generations to come. In this paper, “Ethical Business Practices: A Key to successful export trade” an effort has been made to highlight the business practices at Tynor Orthotics Ltd having worldwide acceptability of the products which is the basic requirement for sustainability in the today’s global economy. The primary data has been collected directly through discussions with the officials related to Tynor and the secondary data has been collected from reports of Tynor and website. The ethical business practices followed at the Tynor has contributed a lot in the world wide acceptability of its products.
This document is a resume for Brian Wilson, a high school teacher and publications advisor. It outlines his extensive qualifications and experience advising award-winning student newspapers and yearbooks over 20 years. It also lists his accomplishments, such as being named journalism advisor of the year, and testimonials from former students about how his guidance and teaching helped prepare them for their current careers.
Hot-swapping- from “band aid” to effective solution (Part 2 of 2)
1. The art of hot-swapping: from “band aid” to
effective hot-swap solution (Part 2 of 2)
Hamed Sanogo, Applications Engineering Manager
Maxim Integrated Products, Inc
“Your future system reliability issues are related to today’s choice of hot-swap circuits”
(Editor's Note: Part 1 of this article examined the overall hot-swap problem, as well as
some marginally effective solutions for it.)
“True” Inrush Peak Current Control
The best way the engineer can impact the long-term reliability of the circuit is to design a
hot-swap circuit implementation that does three key things:
1. Limits the inrush current (to the inserted card)
2. Protects against over current conditions and load transients, and
3. Maintains the long term reliability of the entire system by decreasing the number
of failure points.
There are portfolios of hot-swap controller ICs in the market that have reached higher
levels of integration (e.g.; no sense resistor needed with some controller ICs). There are
also many ICs that make implementing a hot-swap circuit an easy and very effective
solution.
For example, designers can now find the following functions supported in a single device:
under-voltage and over-voltage protection, active current limiting with constant current
source during overload, electronic circuit breaker with faulty loads disconnect before
supply dropout, reverse current protection with an additional drive FET to provide “ideal
diode”, multiple voltage sequencing, digital voltage and current monitoring, and automatic
retry after load fault, to just name a few. The features of a typical hot-swap controller are
discussed in an application note offered by Maxim [3].
Hot-swap circuit designers should seriously consider these highly integrated hot-swap
controllers. A few analog semiconductor suppliers have introduced a wide variety of hot-
swap solutions to meet a large number of system requirements. These include new
generation hot swap ICs with a wide variety of both analog and digital features, such as
the ability to continually monitor the supply current long after the card has been seated
and powered up.
This monitoring feature ensures that the card is continuously protected against short-ircuit
and over-current conditions during normal operation of the embedded card. Continuous
monitoring also allows malfunctioning cards to quickly be identified and removed from
2. the system before they can completely fail and impact the “zero downtime” aspect that
telecom carriers view as a critical system statistic.
Hot-swap solutions from Maxim Integrated Products, Analog Devices, and Linear
Technology come with digital fault and statistical data (or flight) recording features. The
term “digital hot swap”IC is also used to refer to these ADCs used to enabled hot-swap
solutions.
Table 1 shows a side-by-side comparison of some of the key specifications of hot-swap
chips from Maxim, Analog Devices, and Linear Technology. The MAX5967, although not
listed in the table, is pin- and function-compatible with the LTC4215.
LTC4215 ADM1175 MAX5961 MAX5970
ADC Resolution 8-bit 12-bit 10-bit 10-bit
Conversion Rate 10Hz Not Specified 10kHz 10kHz
Automatic or Polled? Auto Polled Auto Auto
History "Depth" 1 sample 1 sample 50 samples 50 samples
INL (LSB) 0.2 LSB, 0.5 LSB Not Specified 0.5 LSB 0.5 LSB
FS Error (volt,
current)
±5.5 LSB, ±5.0
LSB
±60.0 LSB, ±100.0 LSB ±10 LSB, ±30.0 LSB ±10 LSB, ±30.0 LSB
Interface I2
C/SMBus I2
C I2
C/SMBus I2
C/SMBus
H-S Voltage (Min,
Max)
2.9V, 15V 3.15V, 13.2V 0V, 16V 0V, 16V
GATE Pull-Up
Current
20μA 12μA 5μA 5μA
GATE Pull-Down
Current, Normal
1mA 2mA 500mA 500mA
Slow-Trip Circuit
Breaker Threshold
25mV 85mV
12.5mV, 25mV, 50mV
(& 8-bit programmable)
12.5mV, 25mV, 50mV
(& 8-bit programmable)
Fast-Trip Circuit
Breaker Threshold
N/A 115mV
125%, 150%, 175%, 200%
of programmed slow-trip
125%, 150%, 175%, 200%
of programmed slow-trip
Load UV analog 2 ea. 10-bit programmable 2 ea. 10-bit programmable
Load OV 2 ea. 10-bit programmable 2 ea. 10-bit programmable
Table 1: Digital Hot-Swap ICs Side-by-side Comparison (Courtesy of Dwight Larson)
The internal ADCs on the chips primarily give the hot-swap controllers the extended
ability to monitor and report the power-supply states, in addition to the other vital signs at
the instant the fault occurs. For example, the MAX5961 provides the added advantage to
be able to store several milliseconds of past voltage and current measurements (Figure 5).
This data can be used to ease system debugging and failure analysis afterwards.
3. Figure 5: Advanced system-monitoring features on the MAX5961 include buffers to hold
several milliseconds of past voltage and current measurements
The addition of an ADC to these latest-generation hot-swap controller ICs has also created
opportunities for OEMs to become more creative with their products. Companies and add
more “value-added” features to their systems to enhance their advanced board
management control to perform one or more of the following functions:
Information gathering: A designer can use today’s current system vital data to define his
next generation systems in terms of efficiencies as well as how best to optimize the
efficiencies curve for the system.
Constant monitoring: During normal operation of these high-availability systems, there
could be a desire to log certain “vital statistics” of the power levels of the card through a
constant monitoring of the power temperature levels. This can be used later for predicting
certain specific faults.
Power budget: This can also be used to ensure that no embedded card is using more than
its share of the total power budget (by reading past and current fault conditions). This will
facilitate early identification of abnormal operating conditions and to help mitigate or
eliminate its effects on the rest of the system.
The I2
C interface of the controller can be used by card’s microprocessor to collect the
system’s vital statistics. This interface is also the means by which the controller is
configured to behave, latch off or continuous restart, and how a problem card is identified
early-on by the system’s management firmware. This is essentially the chassis’s warning
display to the service technician similar to the service-engine-soon light seen on a
dashboard of a car.
Conclusions
An engineer would generally find tracing an inrush caused malfunction of a PC board
back to any insertion event a very challenging task. The so-called ”band aid” hot-swap
solutions will create more of a negative impact on your system’s long-term performance
than the engineer can ever imagine. There are, though, a variety of highly-integrated hot-
swap solutions that will ensure that a hot-plug event in a system or product does not cause
4. data transmission errors or resetting of the cards already in the system. These solutions
will help keep your system’s long-term reliability intact. Don’t forget, it is all about
meeting and exceeding the 5-NINEs.
References
[1] Application Note 1785, “Flexible Hot-Swap Current Limiter Allows Thermal
Protection”, Maxim Integrated Products, available at http://www.maxim-
ic.com/appnotes.cfm/an_pk/1785
[2] A complete product brief for the MAX5961 can be found at http://www.maxim-
ic.com/quick_view2.cfm/qv_pk/5853
[3] Application Note 2736, “Understanding, Using, and Selecting Hot-Swap
Controllers”, Maxim Integrated Products, available at http://pdfserv.maxim-
ic.com/en/an/AN2736.pdf
Acknowledgment
The author would like to thank Dennis Wommack and Dwight Larsen for their assistance
in capturing the scope images and creating the Hot-Swap IC table, respectively.
About the Author
Hamed M. Sanogo is an applications engineering manager with Maxim Integrated
Products. He graduated from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), and then
earned an MSEE at the University of Michigan (Dearborn) and an MBA in technology
management at the University of Dallas Graduate School of Management. Before joining
Maxim, Hamed was a senior staff design engineer for Motorola, working on hot-swap
enabled embedded telecomm cards for cellular base-transceiver stations (BTS) in
Motorola’s UMTS, CDMA, and WiMax systems. Hamed can be reached at
hamed.sanogo@maxim-ic.com.