Investment on water and sanitation as percentages of total plan outlay are discussed. Water and sanitation are essential services that must be prioritized and adequately funded to improve health and quality of life. However, current investment levels remain below targets and need to be increased to expand access to water and sanitation for underserved communities.
This document discusses the pollution of the Yamuna River in India. It provides background on the river, including its source and length. It then discusses how the river has become one of the most polluted in the country due to waste from Delhi. Untreated sewage and industrial waste are dumped directly into the river. The document outlines specific pollution levels and the major sources of pollution. It concludes with proposed solutions to minimize pollution, including waste treatment plants, banning certain activities, and raising awareness.
Biosand filters are a cheap, convenient solution to the problem of unsafe water. It is an inexpensive filter to produce water that is safe and potable. It is a simple filter that uses sand, gravel and living micro organisms to clean up the water. A compact, concrete or plastic body is filled with layers of prepared sand & gravel that remove pathogens & suspended solids from the contaminated drinking water.
Investment on water and sanitation as percentages of total plan outlay are discussed. Water and sanitation are essential services that must be prioritized and adequately funded to improve health and quality of life. However, current investment levels remain below targets and need to be increased to expand access to water and sanitation for underserved communities.
This document discusses the pollution of the Yamuna River in India. It provides background on the river, including its source and length. It then discusses how the river has become one of the most polluted in the country due to waste from Delhi. Untreated sewage and industrial waste are dumped directly into the river. The document outlines specific pollution levels and the major sources of pollution. It concludes with proposed solutions to minimize pollution, including waste treatment plants, banning certain activities, and raising awareness.
Biosand filters are a cheap, convenient solution to the problem of unsafe water. It is an inexpensive filter to produce water that is safe and potable. It is a simple filter that uses sand, gravel and living micro organisms to clean up the water. A compact, concrete or plastic body is filled with layers of prepared sand & gravel that remove pathogens & suspended solids from the contaminated drinking water.
THESE SLIDES ARE PREPAREED TO UNDERSTAND about communicable diseases IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPM3VTGVUXIeswKJ3XGaD2p COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPyslPNdIJoVjiXEDTVEDzs CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gANcslmv0DXg6BWmWN359Gvg FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMvGqeqH2ZTklzFAZhOrvgP HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAM7mZ1vZhQBHWbdLnLb-cH9 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPFxu78NDLpGPaxEmK1fTao COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOWo4IwNjLU_LCuhRN0ZLeb ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPkI6LvfS8Zu1nm6mZi9FK6 MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOdyoHnDLAoR_o8M6ccqYBm HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAN4L-FJ3s_IEXgZCijGUA1A ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMYv2a1hFcq4W1nBjTnRkHP facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #PEM, #solidwastedisposal,#communicablediseases,#ASSESSMENT, #APPEARENCE,#PULSE,#GRIMACE,#REFLEX,#RESPIRATION,#RESUSCITATION,#NEWBORN,#BABY,#VIRGINIA, #CHILD, #OXYGEN,#CYANOSIS,#OPTICNERVE, #SARACHNA,#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICE,#HEALTHPROBLEMS
tHESE SLIDES ARE PREPAREED TO UNDERSTAND about DISPOSAL OF WASTE IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPM3VTGVUXIeswKJ3XGaD2p COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPyslPNdIJoVjiXEDTVEDzs CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gANcslmv0DXg6BWmWN359Gvg FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMvGqeqH2ZTklzFAZhOrvgP HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAM7mZ1vZhQBHWbdLnLb-cH9 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPFxu78NDLpGPaxEmK1fTao COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOWo4IwNjLU_LCuhRN0ZLeb ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPkI6LvfS8Zu1nm6mZi9FK6 MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOdyoHnDLAoR_o8M6ccqYBm HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAN4L-FJ3s_IEXgZCijGUA1A ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMYv2a1hFcq4W1nBjTnRkHP facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #PEM, #ASHA,#DIPHTHERIA,#ICDS,#nurses,#ASSESSMENT, #APPEARENCE,#PULSE,#GRIMACE,#REFLEX,#RESPIRATION,#RESUSCITATION,#NEWBORN,#BABY,#VIRGINIA, #CHILD, #OXYGEN,#CYANOSIS,#OPTICNERVE, #SARACHNA,#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICE
Aam Aadmi Party Manifesto - Tehri Lok Sabha 2014Public Service
Today (28 April, 2014) is a historic day for Uttarakhand. For the first time in the history of Uttarakhand, manifesto has been launched for any Constituency in Uttarakhand.
Aam Aadmi Party launched its Manifesto for Tehri LokSabha Constituency today morning in Dehradun. We are committed to development of Uttarakhand!
Here is a way to ease the MAKE IN INDIA initiative possible. We can attract investment on our terms, if there is demand of consumables in the economy and this could only be possible, if we energized the rural economy, and can create a middle class over there like the urban India.
In this report you can find the way to do it. Kindly go through the presentation carefully and oblige us with your comments and suggestions.
बड़े शहरों में मल का पुनरुपयोगः दक्षिण भारत के एक शहर बैंगलौर की केस स्टडी। तकनीकी मैला ढोने की प्रथा को खत्म कर सकती है। पूरे देश में हो सकती है- चलती फिरती तकनीकी। बिजनेस और सेनिटेशन की दृष्टि से देश में विद्यमान बेहतर मॉडल।
The document discusses the major lakes in Udaipur, India - Fatehsagar Lake and Pichola Lake. It notes that while these lakes were historically scenic beauty spots, in recent years pollution levels have increased significantly from sources like untreated chemical waste and solid waste. This pollution poses risks to aquatic life and humans, increasing disease incidence. The document also describes Udaipur's water purification process and calls for additional public cooperation and suggestions to address the city's water pollution problems.
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the Ganga River. [1] In the past, the Ganga flowed through 5 states and comparison data from each state showed pollution levels varied. [2] Currently, the Ganga Action Plan was implemented in phases to treat sewage in cities along the river to reduce pollution levels. [3] For the future, citizens need to refuse, reduce, reuse to help conserve the river as it is important culturally and spiritually to India.
The rivers of India play an important role in the lives of Indians. They provide irrigation, water, transportation, electricity, and livelihoods. Nearly all major Indian cities are located on river banks. The main river systems are the Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Sutlej. The Indus has 5 major tributaries that flow through India and Pakistan. The Ganges is considered holy in Hinduism and supports a high population density along its basin. It flows southeast through India and into Bangladesh where it empties into the Bay of Bengal. The Brahmaputra flows from Tibet through India and into Bangladesh, merging with the Ganges to form the world's largest delta. The Sutle
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the Ganga River. [1] In the past, the Ganga flowed through 5 states and comparison data from each state showed pollution levels varied. [2] Currently, the Ganga Action Plan was implemented in phases to treat sewage in cities along the river to reduce pollution levels. [3] For the future, citizens need to refuse, reduce, reuse to help conserve the river as it is important spiritually and emotionally to India.
THESE SLIDES ARE PREPAREED TO UNDERSTAND about communicable diseases IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPM3VTGVUXIeswKJ3XGaD2p COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPyslPNdIJoVjiXEDTVEDzs CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gANcslmv0DXg6BWmWN359Gvg FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMvGqeqH2ZTklzFAZhOrvgP HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAM7mZ1vZhQBHWbdLnLb-cH9 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPFxu78NDLpGPaxEmK1fTao COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOWo4IwNjLU_LCuhRN0ZLeb ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPkI6LvfS8Zu1nm6mZi9FK6 MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOdyoHnDLAoR_o8M6ccqYBm HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAN4L-FJ3s_IEXgZCijGUA1A ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMYv2a1hFcq4W1nBjTnRkHP facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #PEM, #solidwastedisposal,#communicablediseases,#ASSESSMENT, #APPEARENCE,#PULSE,#GRIMACE,#REFLEX,#RESPIRATION,#RESUSCITATION,#NEWBORN,#BABY,#VIRGINIA, #CHILD, #OXYGEN,#CYANOSIS,#OPTICNERVE, #SARACHNA,#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICE,#HEALTHPROBLEMS
tHESE SLIDES ARE PREPAREED TO UNDERSTAND about DISPOSAL OF WASTE IN EASY WAY Important links- NOTES- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ youtube channel https://www.youtube.com/c/MYSTUDENTSU... CHANEL PLAYLIST- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPM3VTGVUXIeswKJ3XGaD2p COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPyslPNdIJoVjiXEDTVEDzs CHILD HEALTH NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gANcslmv0DXg6BWmWN359Gvg FIRST AID- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMvGqeqH2ZTklzFAZhOrvgP HCM- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAM7mZ1vZhQBHWbdLnLb-cH9 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPFxu78NDLpGPaxEmK1fTao COMMUNICABLE DISEASES- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOWo4IwNjLU_LCuhRN0ZLeb ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAPkI6LvfS8Zu1nm6mZi9FK6 MSN- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAOdyoHnDLAoR_o8M6ccqYBm HINDI ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAN4L-FJ3s_IEXgZCijGUA1A ENGLISH ONLY- https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL93S13oM2gAMYv2a1hFcq4W1nBjTnRkHP facebook profile- https://www.facebook.com/suresh.kr.lrhs/ FACEBOOK PAGE- https://www.facebook.com/My-Student-S... facebook group NURSING NOTES- https://www.facebook.com/groups/24139... FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG – BLOGGER- https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/ Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsu... Twitter- https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08 #PEM, #ASHA,#DIPHTHERIA,#ICDS,#nurses,#ASSESSMENT, #APPEARENCE,#PULSE,#GRIMACE,#REFLEX,#RESPIRATION,#RESUSCITATION,#NEWBORN,#BABY,#VIRGINIA, #CHILD, #OXYGEN,#CYANOSIS,#OPTICNERVE, #SARACHNA,#MYSTUDENTSUPPORTSYSTEM, #rashes,#nursingclasses, #communityhealthnursing,#ANM, #GNM, #BSCNURING,#NURSINGSTUDENTS, #WHO,#NURSINGINSTITUTION,#COLLEGEOFNURSING,#nursingofficer,#COMMUNITYHEALTHOFFICE
Aam Aadmi Party Manifesto - Tehri Lok Sabha 2014Public Service
Today (28 April, 2014) is a historic day for Uttarakhand. For the first time in the history of Uttarakhand, manifesto has been launched for any Constituency in Uttarakhand.
Aam Aadmi Party launched its Manifesto for Tehri LokSabha Constituency today morning in Dehradun. We are committed to development of Uttarakhand!
Here is a way to ease the MAKE IN INDIA initiative possible. We can attract investment on our terms, if there is demand of consumables in the economy and this could only be possible, if we energized the rural economy, and can create a middle class over there like the urban India.
In this report you can find the way to do it. Kindly go through the presentation carefully and oblige us with your comments and suggestions.
बड़े शहरों में मल का पुनरुपयोगः दक्षिण भारत के एक शहर बैंगलौर की केस स्टडी। तकनीकी मैला ढोने की प्रथा को खत्म कर सकती है। पूरे देश में हो सकती है- चलती फिरती तकनीकी। बिजनेस और सेनिटेशन की दृष्टि से देश में विद्यमान बेहतर मॉडल।
The document discusses the major lakes in Udaipur, India - Fatehsagar Lake and Pichola Lake. It notes that while these lakes were historically scenic beauty spots, in recent years pollution levels have increased significantly from sources like untreated chemical waste and solid waste. This pollution poses risks to aquatic life and humans, increasing disease incidence. The document also describes Udaipur's water purification process and calls for additional public cooperation and suggestions to address the city's water pollution problems.
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the Ganga River. [1] In the past, the Ganga flowed through 5 states and comparison data from each state showed pollution levels varied. [2] Currently, the Ganga Action Plan was implemented in phases to treat sewage in cities along the river to reduce pollution levels. [3] For the future, citizens need to refuse, reduce, reuse to help conserve the river as it is important culturally and spiritually to India.
The rivers of India play an important role in the lives of Indians. They provide irrigation, water, transportation, electricity, and livelihoods. Nearly all major Indian cities are located on river banks. The main river systems are the Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Sutlej. The Indus has 5 major tributaries that flow through India and Pakistan. The Ganges is considered holy in Hinduism and supports a high population density along its basin. It flows southeast through India and into Bangladesh where it empties into the Bay of Bengal. The Brahmaputra flows from Tibet through India and into Bangladesh, merging with the Ganges to form the world's largest delta. The Sutle
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the Ganga River. [1] In the past, the Ganga flowed through 5 states and comparison data from each state showed pollution levels varied. [2] Currently, the Ganga Action Plan was implemented in phases to treat sewage in cities along the river to reduce pollution levels. [3] For the future, citizens need to refuse, reduce, reuse to help conserve the river as it is important spiritually and emotionally to India.
2. अंशतः एक शोध आधा रत
बड़े शहर म मल का पु न पयोगः
द ण भारत का एक शहर
Elisabeth Kvarnström, Vectura Consulting, Inc.
Joep Verhagen, IRC
Mats Nilsson, MN Context
Vishwanath Srikantaiah, Biome (responsible for this slide show)
Karan Singh, Biome
Shubha Ramachandran, Biome
Minakshi Arora, Projected in Hindi
4. भारतीय से नटे शन(जनगणना 2011)
सेि टक टक पट शौचालय
• ( म लयन) • ( म लयन)
• शहर 30.09 • शहर 55.97
• ामीण 24.67 • ामीण 17.68
• कल
ु 54.76 • कल
ु 73 .65
• कल
ु 128.41
5. सेि टक टक और पट शौचालय
भ व य म ामीण इलाक म 113
म लयन और शहर इलाक म 14
म लयन शौचालय बनाए जाएंगे उनम
भी अ धकांश पट शौचालय ह ह गे
यह अपने आप म मल बंधन क े
लये बड़ी चु नौती है
6. बगलौर शहर म से नटे शन(जनगणना 2011)
सेि टक टक 169,406 पट शौचालय 325,175
•
• कल
ु 494,581
7. से नटे शन क वतमान नयम
े
द ए लॉयमट ऑव मैनु अल कवजस एंड क
े ं शन ऑव ाई
लैटर स ( ो ह बशम) ए ट 1993
• कनाटक ने इस अ ध नयम को 1997 म अपनाया।
• सभी शौचालय म कम से कम 20 सेमी. क वाटर सील होनी
चा हये।
• हाथ से कसी भी मनु य का मैला नह ं उठाया जाएगा।
• 208,323 + 586,087 = 794,410 लोग इस काम म लगे थे
8. शहर सु वधाओं क उपयो गता
• 100 एमएलडी सीवेज म से मा 400
एमएलडी को ह इक ा कया जाता है।
• इक ा कये गए 400 एमएलड़ी म से मा
180 एमएलडी को ह प र कृ त कया जाता है।
• से नटे शन पर सि सडी है लोग को सीवेज के
लये मा 15 ह चु काने पड़ते ह।
• नतीजतन दन दन बढ़ता न दय का दू षण
33. बगलोर वाटर स लाई एंड सीवेज बोड
(बोड क एसट पी
े ांगण म ि थत सीवर म हनीसकस क मा यम से घरे ल ू अप श
े जल –मल क न तारण
े
सं बं धी दशा नदश)
• 6 माह म एसट पी म दये जाने वाले जल-मल क बराबर 50
े
. त कलो ल . क अनु पात म नॉन रफडेबल धनरा श जमा
े ं
करना।
• 50 . त कलो. ल . तमाह
• घरे लू अप श जल जो एसट पी ांगण क सीवर म न ता रत
े
कया जाएगा उस पर बोड ारा तय कये गए मानक लागू
ह गे।
• अभी तक 1एमएलडी क लये 75 पर मट दये गए ह।
े
(जब क 494,581 घर म सेि टक टक या पट शौचालय ह)
37. क पो ट 2500 से 3500 तक बकता है
एक े टर म (4 क.मी.) लोड होता है
38. पर ण क लये क पो ट क नमू ने
े े
इक ा कये जाते ह
39. सीवेज मल का उवरक के प म
मह व
पोषक त व औसत पोषक त व
1000 kg of sewage sludge 1000 kg of farm yard
(10% TS) grams manure grams
N 5.5 17.5
P2O5 17.5 17.5
K2 O 0.75 65
S (Total) 12.5 25
MgO 30 15
Cu (Total) 1.2 0.03
Zn (Total) 1.5 0.15
Mn (Total) 0.6 0.4
Mo (Total) 0.01 0.001
B (Total) 0.03 0.035
Source: Ludwig Sasse, BORDA, 1998, DEWATS Decentralised Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries
46. अथशा
क क लये
े
• एक हनी सकर क क मत 800,000 /-
• त प पर 1500 क वसू ल
• एक दन म 5 प कर सकते ह
• एक दन म आय 7500 मा सक आय 225,000
• वाषक आय 2.7 म लयन
• बंधन आ द पर खचा - 400,000
• 6 मह ने म ह नवे शत धन क वसू ल
• एक क 20,000 क जनसं या क लये काम कर
े
सकता है (बशत ग ढा त दे वष पर खाल करना हो)
47. अथशा
येक घर क लये
े
• 1500 त 2 वष पर
• लगभग 60 तमाह
• सीवेज से जु ड़ा होने पर मा 15
48. अथशा
कसान क लये
े
• मु त उवरक
• मजदू र पर खच 5000
• त एकड़ बचतः 20,000 से 50,000
तक कवल खाद से ( त वष त एकड़ म
े
10-25 े टर लोड होते ह)
49. पोषक क ा ता क लये जमीन क
े
आव यकता
• त हे टे यर म 250 क लोड होते ह
• एक हे टे यर म 2500 लोग क पोषक त व
े
• 50,000 क जनसं या क लये 20 हे. जमीन
े
• 100,000 - 40 हे .
• 1 म लयन या 10 लाख- 400 हे टे यर
50. अब आगे…
• बजनेस और से नटे शन क से दे श म
व मान अनु भव क बेहतर समझ बनाना
• सभी शहरवा सय को से नटे शन सेवा उपल ध
कराने क लये इस अनु भव को सरकार तर
े
पर वीकायता दे ना
51. अब आगे…
• भारत म गैर-सीवरे ज या जमीन आधा रत
से नटे शन यव था को शा मल करने करने के
लये ोटोकोल वक सत करना
• जमीन आधा रत से नटे शन यव था से पोषक क े
रखरखाव, प रवहन, कपोि टं ग और इ तेमाल क
ं े
लये कानू नी ेमवक और ोटोकोल वक सत
करना
• पोषक त व क पु न पयोग क लये पोषक -
े े
रोगाणु ओं क बेहतर समझ और सु र त इ तेमाल
क लये शोध काय
े
52. अब आगे…
• अ धका रय ारा भवन योजनाओं क वीकृ त क े
समय सीवेज नपटान यव था को शा मल करना
• जमीन उपयोग क योजनाओं म जल-मल क
कपोि टं ग क लये थान का च ह करण करना
ं े
• शौचालय और े-वाटर क लये अलग-अलग
े
यव था
• ग ढे और भू मगत जल क संबंध को समझना
े
और गैर- दू षण आधा रत डजाइन यव था
बनाना
53. Guidelines for the safe use of
wastewater, excreta and grey water
Cost-effective strategies for controlling negative health impacts
• Treatment of wastewater, excreta and greywater is used to prevent the contaminants
from entering the environment.
• Crop/produce restriction is used to minimize health risks to product consumers.
• Waste application techniques (e.g. drip irrigation) and withholding periods aim to reduce
contamination of the products or allow sufficient time for pathogen dieoff in the
environment prior to harvest.
• Exposure control methods (e.g. protective equipment, good hygiene) will prevent
environmental contamination from reaching exposed groups.
• Produce washing/rinsing/disinfection and cooking reduce exposures for product
consumers.
• Vector control reduces exposures for workers and local communities.
• Chemotherapy and immunization can either prevent illness for those who are exposed or
treat those who are ill and thus reduce future pathogen inputs into the wastewater,
excreta or greywater.
Source: WHO 2006
54. ध यवाद!
Minakshi Arora/ Siraj Kesar
Yamuna Waterkeeper
Trust For Research on Earth & Environment- TREE
Delhi