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1. History of Jharkhand

2. Details:
Name: D. Abhighnraj
class: 10th
Section: PLR[Pinnacle raman]
OMR No:310074
School Name: Paramita Heritage School

3. Introduction
• harkhand, the 28th state of India was formed on November 15,
2000 after a long standing tribal movement for statehood.
• Jharkhand was earlier a part of Bihar, precisely it was then
South Bihar, a highly mineral rich area with a substantial tribal
population.
• harkhand is one of the Indian states which is located in the
northeastern part of the country.
• Also known as the land of forest, the area of Jharkhand is
79,716 km2 making it the 15th largest state in terms of area.
• Ranchi is the Jharkhand capital, and Dumka is its sub-capital.

5. Festivals
Sarhul
• Sarhul is distinguished during the spring season and Saal trees obtain new flowers on
their branches.
• It is a reverence of the village god who is regarded to be the guardian of the clan.
People dance and sing when the fresh flowers come out.
• The Gods are worshiped with the Saal flowers. The Pahan or priest of village fasts for
some days. In dawn, the priests take bath and puts on dhoti made of kachha dhaga
(virgin cotton).
• The preceding dusk, the priests take 3 new earthen pots and fill them with water;
the subsequent morning they observe these earthen pots and water level within.
• If the level of water decreases they predict that there would be less rain or famine
and if the level of water is average, that is an indication of a good rain.
• Before the pooja initiates, the Preist’s wife washes his feet and seeks blessings from
the priest. During the pooja, people envelop the Sarna place.

7. Karam
• This festival is the worship of Karam devta (God of power as well as
youthfulness).
• Karam festival is held on the 11th of moon in the month of Bhadra.
Factions of villagers go to the jungle and accumulate wood, flowers and
fruits.
• These are requisite during the Puja of God Karam. During this period,
people dance and sing in groups.
• The complete valley seems to be boogieing with the drum beat.
• This festival is distinguished by Baiga, Oraon,
Majhwar and Binjhwari tribes of Jharkhand.
Jawa
• This festival is held primarily for the anticipation of first-rate fertility
and healthier household.

8. Languages
• Although Hindi is the state language, the people of Jharkhand speak a number of
languages belonging to three major language families:
• the Munda languages which includeSanthali, Mundari, Ho, Kharia, Bhumij; the
Indo-Aryan languages which includes Bengali, Oriya, Maithili, Nagpuri, Sadri,
Khortha, Kurmali and Panchpargania; and the Dravidian languages which include
Oraon (Kurukh), Korwa, and Paharia (Malto).
• Santali is spoken predominantly in Dumka, Jamtara, Pakur, Godda, Sahibganj and
in parts of East Singhbhum and Saraikela-Kharsawan distrcits.
• Mundari is spoken mainly in Khunti and parts of Ranchi, West Singhbhum, Gumla,
Simdega and Latehar districts. Ho is mainly spoken in West Singhbhum and
Saraikela-Kharswan districts.
• These three languages can be considered as sister languages as all of them are
grammatically similar and 80%–90% of the words used are same.

9. Culture
• Being a tribe dominated state, nature has been given utmost
importance in every sphere of life and culture.
• Branches of sacred trees are brought and ceremonially planted in the
courtyards. Devotees then worship these tree parts associated with
gods/goddesses.
• Karma puja, Jitia Puja, Sarhul are a few examples. Poush Mela or Tusu
Fair is a significant occasion celebrated during the Makar Sankranti
wherein brightly coloured excellently decorated symbolic artefacts of
folk deity are carried by the People.
• This is a folk harvesting festival. Tusu is a folk belief, not about any
God or Goddess, but about a sweet little girl of the tribal folk.
• The festival takes place as new crops are harvested. The entire

10. Conclusion
• It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population.
Hindi is the official language of the state.
• The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital.
• The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath
Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites.
• Jharkhand is one of the Indian states which is located in the
northeastern part of the country.
• Also known as the land of forest, the area of Jharkhand is 79,716
km2 making it the 15th largest state in terms of area.