psychiatry in forensic medicine

3. Psychiatry: It is that branch of medical science,
which deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment and
prevention of mental illness and behavioral disorders.
Forensic psychiatry: It deals with the application
of knowledge of psychiatry in the administration
of justice.

4. i. Delusion
ii. Hallucination
iii. Illusion
iv. Impulse
v. Obsession

5. Definition: False belief, based on incorrect inference
about external reality that is firmly held, despite
objective
and obvious contradictory proof or evidence.

6. Types of Delusions
i. Delusion of grandeur or
exaltation
ii. Delusion of poverty
iii. Delusion of infidelity/jealousy
(Othello syndrome)

7. iv. Delusion of reference
v. Delusion of persecution
vi. Delusion of
influence/control

8. vii. Hypochondriacal delusion
viii. Delusion of self-reproach or self-criticism
ix.Nihilistic delusion
x. Delusion of doubles (doppelganger)

9. Other types
• Delusion of replacement of
significant others(Capras
syndrome)
• Delusion of disguise (Fregoli’s
phenomenon)
• Ekbom syndrome(delusion of
parasitosis)

10. • Folie a deux
• Cotard delusion/syndrome

11. Definition: Hallucination (Latin hallucinere: to wander in
mind) is false perception by senses without any external
object or stimulus. They are seen in insanity and in
conditions, like high fever, drug intoxication and during
withdrawal from drug addiction

12. Types of Hallucinations
i. Visual hallucination
ii. Auditory hallucination
iii. Olfactory hallucination

13. iv. Gustatory hallucination
v. Tactile/haptic hallucination
vi. Psychomotor hallucination
vii. Lilliputian hallucination
(micropsia)

14. Definition: It is a false
interpretation by the senses of
an external object or stimulus
which has a real existence.
„Illusions can be universal and
personal.

15. „Universal illusions or permanent illusions are
found in
all individuals as they do not change with
experience
or practice, e.g. the rail tracks appear to be
converging
to all of us.
„Personal illusions differ from individual to
individual.
For example, when a person mistakes his doctor/
nurse for his father or mother or for the devil coming

17. Definition: This is a sudden and irresistible force
compelling a person to the conscious performance of
some act without motive or forethought

18. Types of impulse
i. Kleptomania
ii. Dipsomania
iii. Pyromania

19. iv. Mutilomania
v. Oniomania
vi. Trichotillomania

20. vii. Suicidal impulse
viii. Homicidal impulse

21. Definition: Persistent and recurrent idea, thought, or
emotion that cannot be eliminated from consciousness
by logic or reasoning
„It is a disorder of content of thought and is regarded
as senseless by the patient (insight is present).
This is a sort of compulsive phenomenon which
is involuntary and ego-dystonic (foreign to one’s
personality).
„For example, a person while going to sleep, bolts
the door from inside, but after going to the bed he
needs to verify and does so, to see if he has bolted

22. • DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PSYCHOSIS AND NEUROSIS
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRUE INSANITY AND FAINT
INSANITY
• LUCID INTERVAL

23. Neurosis and Psychosis
* Neurosis is when a patient suffers from emotional or
intellectual disorders which causes subjective distress,
but does not lose touch with reality.
* Psychosis is characterized by gross impairment in
reality-testing (withdrawal from reality), as if living
in a world of fantasy

24. Lucid Interval
Definition: It is a period in insanity during which all
the signs and symptoms of insanity disappear, and
behavior is like that of a normal person.
* Lucid interval is common in mania and melancholia.
* The person is responsible for all his acts performed
during the period of lucid interval.
* Lucid interval is also seen in head injuries (e.g.
extradural hemorrhage)

25. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PSYCHOSIS AND
NEUROSIS

27. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRUE INSANITY AND
FEIGNED INSANITY
THANK YOU

28. Some tests for feigned insanity
• M-FAST(Miller Forensic Assessment of
Symptoms Test)
10 mins test with 25 questions that intermix
phony and real symptoms
• SIRS(Structured Interview of Reported
Symptoms)
• MEMORY TEST

29. CIVIL RESPONSIBILITIES OF INSANE
DR.SPOORTHI RAO
INTERN
HIMS HASSAN

30. CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY OF INSANE
• Management of Property :The court may appoint a guardian to take
care of mntally ill person and may appoint a manager to manage the
property. The court may order the sale of the mentally ill person’s
propertyfor the payment of his debts and expenses.
• Contracts:A contract is invalid , if one of the parties at the time of making
it was, by reason of mental illness, incapable of understanding it and
forming a rational judgement as to its effect upon his interests.However, it
is valid when made during the lucid interval.

31. Marriage and divorce: As per Hindu Marriage Act, marriage can be declared
null and void, if one of the parties, at the time of ceremony, was incapable of
giving valid consent or was unfit for marriage due to unsoundness of mind
Adoption: Under Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, taking/giving adoption of
a child is not allowed, if either of the parents is mentally ill.
Competency as a witness: Under Sec. 118 IEA, a mentally ill person is not
competent to give evidence, if he is prevented by his illness from understanding
the questions put to him and giving rational answers to them.
•

32. • Validity of consent: The consent given by an insane or intoxicated person,
who is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which
he gives his consent is invalid (Sec. 90 IPC)
• Testamentary capacity: This means the capacity of a person to make a
valid will.79 The law defines it as the possession of a sound disposing
mind(compos mentis) which must be certified by a doctor.
• HOLOGRAPH WILL: Will written by testator in his own handwritin. The
testaot must be major, shoul understand the consequences.Should be
executed voluntarily and in the presence of two witnesses.
• Will is invalid whe made by imbecile or drunk persons or under insane
delusions.

33. CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF INSANE
DR.SIDDU C
INTERN
HIMS HASSAN

34. Responsibility, in the legal sense, means the liability
of a person for his acts or omissions.
why?
The law presumes that every person is mentally sound, until
the opposite is proved.
Burden of proving mental unsoundness lies on the accused
Plea of insanity is taken:
-CONVICTION
-TRIAL
-CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

35. Daniel McNaughten
Scotsman
Delusion of
persecution
Tory party
Pm ; Sir robert peel
Security; Mr Edward
drummond
PUBLIC OUTCRY
QUEEN VICTORIA
14-JUDGES
5-HYPOTHETICAL
QUESTIONS
19TH, JUNE 1843
McNaughten rule
Tests for determining criminal responsibility;
Mc Naughten rule / Right or Wrong test / Legal test
20TH, JAN 1843

36. Mc Naughten rule / Right or Wrong test / Legal test
An accused person is not legally responsible ,if it is clearly proved
,that at the time of committing the crime , he was suffering from
such a defect of reason from abnormality of mind , that he did not
know the nature and quality of the act he was doing, or that what
he was doing was wrong.

37. DELUSION
COMMITS CRIME
NOT PUNISHABLE PUNISHABLE

38. SANE
INSANE
ACTUS
REUS
MENS
REA
CRIME
PUNISHABLE NOT PUNISHABLE

39. .
Durham’s rule (1954):
An accused person is not criminally responsible, if his unlawful act is
the product of mental disease or mental defect.
Curren’s rule (1964):
This rule states that an accused person is not criminally responsible, if
at the time of committing the act, he did not have the capacity to
regulate his conduct to the requirements of the law as a result of
mental disease or defect.

40. The Irresistible Impulse test
A person is not responsible for criminal conduct, even if he
know the nature and quality of the act and know that it is wrong,
if he is incapable of restraining himself from committing the act
due to mental disease.
American Law Institute test (1970):
A person is not responsible for criminal conduct, if at the time of
such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect, the person
lacked adequate capacity either to appreciate the wrongfulness
of his conduct or to adjust his conduct to the requirements of
law.

41. In India
Sec. 84 IPC deals with the criminal responsibility of insane persons.
It states that:
“Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who,
at the time of doing it, by reason of unsoundness of mind,
is incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or what he is
doing is either wrong or contrary to the law”.