Global warming is being caused by human activities that increase greenhouse gases. The Earth is warming, especially over the last 50 years, causing changes to precipitation patterns and rising sea levels. While technologies exist now to address global warming, individuals also need to take action to protect the environment. Sustainable technologies like solar energy can provide clean power without maintenance costs while saving money over time.
The document discusses Thermax's Renewable Energy Growth Unit which provides turnkey cooling and heating solutions utilizing solar energy. The unit aims to be a pioneering player in developing affordable solar energy solutions. It has manufacturing facilities in Pune and has implemented several demonstration projects across India integrating solar thermal technology with heating and cooling applications for customers in industries like hotels, automotive, and research. The document outlines Thermax's product offerings and technology details, and provides descriptions of three solar thermal projects for cooling applications in Chennai, Gurgaon, and Pune.
Geothermal heat pumps use the constant temperature of the Earth's subsurface to provide heating and cooling for buildings. They work by using a heat pump to transfer heat between the ground and a building through pipes buried underground in a loop. This allows geothermal systems to take advantage of the Earth's natural solar heating to provide renewable heating and cooling with less energy usage and costs compared to traditional fossil fuel systems. A typical residential geothermal system can save 50% on heating bills compared to natural gas and provide over $1,000 in annual savings.
Urban agriculture will be necessary to feed the world's growing population as 80% will live in cities by 2050 and over 80% of suitable land is already used for crops. Vertical farming in urban areas uses less land and water while increasing yields. The Plantagon system recycles waste as inputs for organic food production in vertical greenhouses. It works with partners around the world to build sustainable indoor farms that can grow food locally with less emissions and transportation needs.
sound wave moving producing Refrigeration process
Thermo acoustic refrigeration systems operate by using sound waves and a non-flammable mixture of inert gas (helium, argon, air) or a mixture of gases in a resonator to produce cooling.. The temperature difference is used to remove heat from the cold side and reject it at the hot side of the system.
Thermo acoustic refrigeration (TAR) is a phenomenon that uses high intensity sound waves in a pressurized gas tube to pump heat from one place to other to produce refrigeration effect
Presented at the 2013 Utah Green Conference sponsored by the Utah Nursery and Landscape Association, 28 January 2013.
This lecture was recorded and you can see it at: http://youtu.be/79oNfUG43XA
Thermodynamics of energy conservation and maintenance, Laws of Thermodynamics, First law of thermodynamics, Second law of thermodynamics, Kelvin - planck statement, Clausis statement, Reversible and irreversible process, Causes of irreversibility, Thermal Insulation, Classification Types of energy sources, Prime movers, Waste Heat Recovery, Source and Quality, Type of Waste Heat Recovery, Convective recuperators,Regenerator
Maintenance,Breakdown maintenance,Planned Maintenance,Preventive Maintenance,Corrective Maintenance, Maintenance Audit, Steps of Maintenance Planning,Maintenance and Energy conservation,Friction,Types of Lubricant - Physical,Methods of lubrication,Energy efficient houseKeeping,Housekeeping – Water Reduction,Housekeeping – energy Reduction,Housekeeping – Waste Minimisation,Thermal Energy Audit(Energy Conservation in HVAC Systems),Energy Saving Tips,HVAC initiative,Interesting Facts,Quick wins, ASHRAE
This document discusses renewable energy systems for commercial buildings and their control using building automation systems. It provides tutorials on solar hot water and photovoltaic/wind systems. It recommends monitoring renewable energy production with the BAS and controlling solar hot water systems based on temperature differences between the collectors and storage. Case studies demonstrate control sequences for various solar hot water configurations. Key lessons learned are to locate sensors properly and prevent overheating or re-radiation of collected energy.
The document discusses Thermax's Renewable Energy Growth Unit which provides turnkey cooling and heating solutions utilizing solar energy. The unit aims to be a pioneering player in developing affordable solar energy solutions. It has manufacturing facilities in Pune and has implemented several demonstration projects across India integrating solar thermal technology with heating and cooling applications for customers in industries like hotels, automotive, and research. The document outlines Thermax's product offerings and technology details, and provides descriptions of three solar thermal projects for cooling applications in Chennai, Gurgaon, and Pune.
Geothermal heat pumps use the constant temperature of the Earth's subsurface to provide heating and cooling for buildings. They work by using a heat pump to transfer heat between the ground and a building through pipes buried underground in a loop. This allows geothermal systems to take advantage of the Earth's natural solar heating to provide renewable heating and cooling with less energy usage and costs compared to traditional fossil fuel systems. A typical residential geothermal system can save 50% on heating bills compared to natural gas and provide over $1,000 in annual savings.
Urban agriculture will be necessary to feed the world's growing population as 80% will live in cities by 2050 and over 80% of suitable land is already used for crops. Vertical farming in urban areas uses less land and water while increasing yields. The Plantagon system recycles waste as inputs for organic food production in vertical greenhouses. It works with partners around the world to build sustainable indoor farms that can grow food locally with less emissions and transportation needs.
sound wave moving producing Refrigeration process
Thermo acoustic refrigeration systems operate by using sound waves and a non-flammable mixture of inert gas (helium, argon, air) or a mixture of gases in a resonator to produce cooling.. The temperature difference is used to remove heat from the cold side and reject it at the hot side of the system.
Thermo acoustic refrigeration (TAR) is a phenomenon that uses high intensity sound waves in a pressurized gas tube to pump heat from one place to other to produce refrigeration effect
Presented at the 2013 Utah Green Conference sponsored by the Utah Nursery and Landscape Association, 28 January 2013.
This lecture was recorded and you can see it at: http://youtu.be/79oNfUG43XA
Thermodynamics of energy conservation and maintenance, Laws of Thermodynamics, First law of thermodynamics, Second law of thermodynamics, Kelvin - planck statement, Clausis statement, Reversible and irreversible process, Causes of irreversibility, Thermal Insulation, Classification Types of energy sources, Prime movers, Waste Heat Recovery, Source and Quality, Type of Waste Heat Recovery, Convective recuperators,Regenerator
Maintenance,Breakdown maintenance,Planned Maintenance,Preventive Maintenance,Corrective Maintenance, Maintenance Audit, Steps of Maintenance Planning,Maintenance and Energy conservation,Friction,Types of Lubricant - Physical,Methods of lubrication,Energy efficient houseKeeping,Housekeeping – Water Reduction,Housekeeping – energy Reduction,Housekeeping – Waste Minimisation,Thermal Energy Audit(Energy Conservation in HVAC Systems),Energy Saving Tips,HVAC initiative,Interesting Facts,Quick wins, ASHRAE
This document discusses renewable energy systems for commercial buildings and their control using building automation systems. It provides tutorials on solar hot water and photovoltaic/wind systems. It recommends monitoring renewable energy production with the BAS and controlling solar hot water systems based on temperature differences between the collectors and storage. Case studies demonstrate control sequences for various solar hot water configurations. Key lessons learned are to locate sensors properly and prevent overheating or re-radiation of collected energy.
The energy-saving audit project in Malaysia aimed to implement advanced energy-saving technologies from Japanese companies at selected model companies in Malaysia to help reduce energy costs and carbon emissions, with the project selecting 2-3 large processed food or beverage companies to conduct free audits and provide recommendations, and requesting MGTC's help in recommending model companies and linking the project to Malaysia's Green Technology Financing Scheme.
This project report summarizes the design of an energy efficient green building with optimized energy use. The building uses various techniques to minimize carbon consumption from electricity usage, including insulating walls and windows, using geothermal cooling systems, installing rainwater harvesting and solar photovoltaic systems. The CAD prototype shows the building layout and design criteria focus on minimizing operational carbon emissions and energy usage/waste. A key feature is the use of geothermal heating and cooling, which can reduce energy consumption by up to 72% compared to traditional systems. The report analyzes costs and energy usage of the building over its lifetime.
Alternative Heating Opportunities For Heating GreenhousesSteven Newman
This document discusses alternative heating options for greenhouses including natural gas, propane, various fuel oils, wood, coal, and alternative fuels like biodiesel. It also discusses using solar energy for heating through solar panels, earth sheltering, and thermal energy storage. Methods to improve insulation like polyethylene film, rigid board insulation, and automated heat curtains are presented along with preliminary results showing that heat curtains significantly reduce heating needs.
The old method of residential heating and cooling involved burning expensive oil or gas in a furnace to heat air sent through ducts. However, much of the heat went up the chimney rather than heating the home. A new method called geothermal heating and cooling uses heat pumps and underground pipes (closed loops) to extract stable 55 degree energy from the earth to both heat and cool homes efficiently. Geothermal systems provide heating and cooling for around 25% of the cost of fossil fuels and require little maintenance over their 30 year lifespan.
This document provides information on NIBE ground source heat pumps, including:
1) It introduces NIBE's new generation of heat pumps, the F1145, F1245, and F1345, which offer improved displays, passive cooling options, and modular designs.
2) It describes the four main types of ground sources for heat pumps: rock, surface soil, groundwater, and lakes. Local installers can advise on the best option for each home.
3) It highlights key features and accessories for the F1145/F1145 PC and F1245/F1245 PC models, such as integrated tanks, passive cooling modules, and ventilation recovery units.
The document discusses solar thermal technology and its applications for rural India. It begins by explaining how solar thermal works by heating a liquid using sunlight. It then classifies solar thermal systems based on achievable temperature (low, medium, high) and concentration type (concentrating vs. non-concentrating). The main solar thermal devices discussed are flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, compound parabolic concentrators, and cylindrical parabolic trough collectors. Applications include water heating, space heating, cooking, and industrial processes. The document also examines thermal energy needs across different sectors like household, industry, agriculture, and provides temperature ranges for various processes.
The document outlines One Planet Renovations' approach to sustainable building and retrofitting through their BuildGreen Solutions consulting services. It discusses their focus on zero carbon, zero waste, and local sustainable materials principles. Sample projects are highlighted that achieved net zero energy and waste goals through super insulation, solar thermal, photovoltaics, and on-site wastewater treatment. Lessons learned emphasize assembling an experienced team committed to ambitious sustainability targets, allowing extra time for design and procurement, and clearly defining contractual responsibilities.
Nathan Hurst describes an experiment using car radiators as a low-cost active heat storage system for a greenhouse. The radiators collect excess heat from the greenhouse during the day and use fans to transfer the heat to a water tank, keeping the tank at 25°C to heat the greenhouse and fish tank at night. Temperature sensors show the system collects about 10MJ of heat per hour of sunshine, maintaining stable day and night temperatures in the greenhouse.
The document discusses several green buildings and their energy performance. It summarizes:
1) The Green on the Grand office building that achieved 50% energy reduction and minimal environmental impact through features like airtight insulation, high-performance windows, daylighting, and radiant heating/cooling.
2) A LEED gold certified fire station that saw 30% energy savings over a comparable non-LEED station through upgrades like heat recovery ventilation and more efficient lighting and furnaces.
3) A residence for nuns that is on track to achieve over 50% energy savings through a ground source heat pump and other water and energy efficiency measures.
The document discusses how Thermatras insulation can provide energy savings, cost reduction, and safety improvements for breweries by insulating non-insulated valves, flanges, pumps and other equipment in steam, hot water and thermal systems. Thermatras performs heat loss calculations for brewery systems to determine potential energy savings and payback periods, and works with breweries to develop customized insulation plans and reports. Examples are provided of insulation projects completed at various international breweries across Africa, Russia and Europe.
1) The document describes an integrated solar assisted heat pump (ISAHP) system that uses unglazed solar collectors as the evaporator in a refrigeration cycle to increase panel efficiency and heat pump COP.
2) A prototype was built using an R600a refrigerant in a vapor compression cycle coupled to a water storage tank. Testing showed the ISAHP achieved higher solar panel efficiencies of 0.7-0.9 and higher heat pump COPs of 6-8.5 compared to traditional solar systems.
3) The ISAHP provides energy savings over traditional solar thermal systems due to the higher solar collector efficiency keeping panel temperatures lower and the higher evaporator temperatures increasing heat pump performance. The use of
This Patio Heater is known in particular with the names of the Patio heater (or outdoor heater ), pyramid heater, mushroom heater, etc. by The shape, the height and the length of this unit vary according to the model: it can be mushroom-shaped, pyramid and so on.Gas or electrical.
This document provides information about BROAD, a Chinese company that manufactures non-electric chillers and combined heat and power (CHP) systems. It discusses BROAD's history and achievements, product lines, applications of CHP technology, and case studies of BROAD CHP installations around the world. The case studies describe how BROAD systems utilize waste heat from on-site power generation to provide cooling and heating in an efficient manner, reducing energy costs and carbon emissions significantly compared to conventional systems.
The document discusses pulverized coal combustion for electricity generation. It is the dominant technology for domestic coal use, with 85-90% used for power generation. A PC-fired power plant involves three major energy conversions: 1) Chemical to thermal via coal combustion, 2) Thermal to mechanical via high-pressure steam driving a turbine, and 3) Mechanical to electrical via a generator coupled to the turbine. The plant has numerous components and processes that impact efficiency, such as coal pulverization, combustion, steam generation, pollution control systems, and heat transfer and losses.
The document summarizes Daewoo Enertec's electric floor heating system. It discusses how the system provides warm floors using electric cables or films instead of a boiler, saving on oil and gas costs. The system is easy to install, provides comfort and warmth, and allows homeowners to enjoy reduced utility bills through maximized energy efficiency. Daewoo Enertec guarantees their heating systems meet high standards.
An Introduction to Air to water, Air Source, Heat Pump SystemsSpaceAir
The document provides an introduction to air to water heat pump systems. It discusses how air to water heat pumps work, different system types and layouts, industry standards, case studies, and benefits of air to water heat pumps. It also covers topics like controls, installation requirements, efficiencies, and examples of outdoor/indoor unit installations.
The document summarizes ClimateWell's solar-powered indoor climate solution. It describes ClimateWell's proprietary triple-phase absorption heat pump technology, which uses a salt-based energy storage system to provide continuous heating and cooling that is powered by solar energy or waste heat. The technology has been implemented in residential and commercial projects in Spain, providing free heating, cooling, and hot water while reducing CO2 emissions.
This document discusses ways to make homes more energy efficient through insulation, replacing old boilers, and solar panels. It notes that proper insulation can reduce heating costs by 20-35%, replacing a boiler by up to 30%, and that some home renovations are over 90% covered by subsidies. It promotes contacting Neologik for an energy audit and renovation plans to maximize savings and subsidies.
The document summarizes Daewoo Enertec's electric floor heating system. It describes how the system provides a healthy and energy efficient heating alternative to traditional gas or oil heating. The floor heating system uses electric cables under floors to circulate heat and can reduce utility costs compared to other styles of western heating. Installing the system is described as easy and it allows homeowners to enjoy warm floors and a cozy environment.
This document provides an overview of heat pipes, including their working principle, key components, types, advantages, and applications. A heat pipe transfers heat using an evaporation-condensation cycle within a sealed container consisting of a working fluid and capillary wick. Heat is absorbed at the evaporator section where the fluid evaporates, transferring heat through the vapor to the condenser section where it condenses, releasing heat and returning via the wick to the evaporator. Heat pipes can transfer heat very efficiently over long distances with minimal temperature difference due to the phase change process. Common applications include electronics cooling, aerospace systems, and industrial heat exchangers.
A heat pipe is a heat-transfer device that combines the principles of both thermal conductivity and phase transition to efficiently manage the transfer of heat between two solid interfaces.
The energy-saving audit project in Malaysia aimed to implement advanced energy-saving technologies from Japanese companies at selected model companies in Malaysia to help reduce energy costs and carbon emissions, with the project selecting 2-3 large processed food or beverage companies to conduct free audits and provide recommendations, and requesting MGTC's help in recommending model companies and linking the project to Malaysia's Green Technology Financing Scheme.
This project report summarizes the design of an energy efficient green building with optimized energy use. The building uses various techniques to minimize carbon consumption from electricity usage, including insulating walls and windows, using geothermal cooling systems, installing rainwater harvesting and solar photovoltaic systems. The CAD prototype shows the building layout and design criteria focus on minimizing operational carbon emissions and energy usage/waste. A key feature is the use of geothermal heating and cooling, which can reduce energy consumption by up to 72% compared to traditional systems. The report analyzes costs and energy usage of the building over its lifetime.
Alternative Heating Opportunities For Heating GreenhousesSteven Newman
This document discusses alternative heating options for greenhouses including natural gas, propane, various fuel oils, wood, coal, and alternative fuels like biodiesel. It also discusses using solar energy for heating through solar panels, earth sheltering, and thermal energy storage. Methods to improve insulation like polyethylene film, rigid board insulation, and automated heat curtains are presented along with preliminary results showing that heat curtains significantly reduce heating needs.
The old method of residential heating and cooling involved burning expensive oil or gas in a furnace to heat air sent through ducts. However, much of the heat went up the chimney rather than heating the home. A new method called geothermal heating and cooling uses heat pumps and underground pipes (closed loops) to extract stable 55 degree energy from the earth to both heat and cool homes efficiently. Geothermal systems provide heating and cooling for around 25% of the cost of fossil fuels and require little maintenance over their 30 year lifespan.
This document provides information on NIBE ground source heat pumps, including:
1) It introduces NIBE's new generation of heat pumps, the F1145, F1245, and F1345, which offer improved displays, passive cooling options, and modular designs.
2) It describes the four main types of ground sources for heat pumps: rock, surface soil, groundwater, and lakes. Local installers can advise on the best option for each home.
3) It highlights key features and accessories for the F1145/F1145 PC and F1245/F1245 PC models, such as integrated tanks, passive cooling modules, and ventilation recovery units.
The document discusses solar thermal technology and its applications for rural India. It begins by explaining how solar thermal works by heating a liquid using sunlight. It then classifies solar thermal systems based on achievable temperature (low, medium, high) and concentration type (concentrating vs. non-concentrating). The main solar thermal devices discussed are flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, compound parabolic concentrators, and cylindrical parabolic trough collectors. Applications include water heating, space heating, cooking, and industrial processes. The document also examines thermal energy needs across different sectors like household, industry, agriculture, and provides temperature ranges for various processes.
The document outlines One Planet Renovations' approach to sustainable building and retrofitting through their BuildGreen Solutions consulting services. It discusses their focus on zero carbon, zero waste, and local sustainable materials principles. Sample projects are highlighted that achieved net zero energy and waste goals through super insulation, solar thermal, photovoltaics, and on-site wastewater treatment. Lessons learned emphasize assembling an experienced team committed to ambitious sustainability targets, allowing extra time for design and procurement, and clearly defining contractual responsibilities.
Nathan Hurst describes an experiment using car radiators as a low-cost active heat storage system for a greenhouse. The radiators collect excess heat from the greenhouse during the day and use fans to transfer the heat to a water tank, keeping the tank at 25°C to heat the greenhouse and fish tank at night. Temperature sensors show the system collects about 10MJ of heat per hour of sunshine, maintaining stable day and night temperatures in the greenhouse.
The document discusses several green buildings and their energy performance. It summarizes:
1) The Green on the Grand office building that achieved 50% energy reduction and minimal environmental impact through features like airtight insulation, high-performance windows, daylighting, and radiant heating/cooling.
2) A LEED gold certified fire station that saw 30% energy savings over a comparable non-LEED station through upgrades like heat recovery ventilation and more efficient lighting and furnaces.
3) A residence for nuns that is on track to achieve over 50% energy savings through a ground source heat pump and other water and energy efficiency measures.
The document discusses how Thermatras insulation can provide energy savings, cost reduction, and safety improvements for breweries by insulating non-insulated valves, flanges, pumps and other equipment in steam, hot water and thermal systems. Thermatras performs heat loss calculations for brewery systems to determine potential energy savings and payback periods, and works with breweries to develop customized insulation plans and reports. Examples are provided of insulation projects completed at various international breweries across Africa, Russia and Europe.
1) The document describes an integrated solar assisted heat pump (ISAHP) system that uses unglazed solar collectors as the evaporator in a refrigeration cycle to increase panel efficiency and heat pump COP.
2) A prototype was built using an R600a refrigerant in a vapor compression cycle coupled to a water storage tank. Testing showed the ISAHP achieved higher solar panel efficiencies of 0.7-0.9 and higher heat pump COPs of 6-8.5 compared to traditional solar systems.
3) The ISAHP provides energy savings over traditional solar thermal systems due to the higher solar collector efficiency keeping panel temperatures lower and the higher evaporator temperatures increasing heat pump performance. The use of
This Patio Heater is known in particular with the names of the Patio heater (or outdoor heater ), pyramid heater, mushroom heater, etc. by The shape, the height and the length of this unit vary according to the model: it can be mushroom-shaped, pyramid and so on.Gas or electrical.
This document provides information about BROAD, a Chinese company that manufactures non-electric chillers and combined heat and power (CHP) systems. It discusses BROAD's history and achievements, product lines, applications of CHP technology, and case studies of BROAD CHP installations around the world. The case studies describe how BROAD systems utilize waste heat from on-site power generation to provide cooling and heating in an efficient manner, reducing energy costs and carbon emissions significantly compared to conventional systems.
The document discusses pulverized coal combustion for electricity generation. It is the dominant technology for domestic coal use, with 85-90% used for power generation. A PC-fired power plant involves three major energy conversions: 1) Chemical to thermal via coal combustion, 2) Thermal to mechanical via high-pressure steam driving a turbine, and 3) Mechanical to electrical via a generator coupled to the turbine. The plant has numerous components and processes that impact efficiency, such as coal pulverization, combustion, steam generation, pollution control systems, and heat transfer and losses.
The document summarizes Daewoo Enertec's electric floor heating system. It discusses how the system provides warm floors using electric cables or films instead of a boiler, saving on oil and gas costs. The system is easy to install, provides comfort and warmth, and allows homeowners to enjoy reduced utility bills through maximized energy efficiency. Daewoo Enertec guarantees their heating systems meet high standards.
An Introduction to Air to water, Air Source, Heat Pump SystemsSpaceAir
The document provides an introduction to air to water heat pump systems. It discusses how air to water heat pumps work, different system types and layouts, industry standards, case studies, and benefits of air to water heat pumps. It also covers topics like controls, installation requirements, efficiencies, and examples of outdoor/indoor unit installations.
The document summarizes ClimateWell's solar-powered indoor climate solution. It describes ClimateWell's proprietary triple-phase absorption heat pump technology, which uses a salt-based energy storage system to provide continuous heating and cooling that is powered by solar energy or waste heat. The technology has been implemented in residential and commercial projects in Spain, providing free heating, cooling, and hot water while reducing CO2 emissions.
This document discusses ways to make homes more energy efficient through insulation, replacing old boilers, and solar panels. It notes that proper insulation can reduce heating costs by 20-35%, replacing a boiler by up to 30%, and that some home renovations are over 90% covered by subsidies. It promotes contacting Neologik for an energy audit and renovation plans to maximize savings and subsidies.
The document summarizes Daewoo Enertec's electric floor heating system. It describes how the system provides a healthy and energy efficient heating alternative to traditional gas or oil heating. The floor heating system uses electric cables under floors to circulate heat and can reduce utility costs compared to other styles of western heating. Installing the system is described as easy and it allows homeowners to enjoy warm floors and a cozy environment.
This document provides an overview of heat pipes, including their working principle, key components, types, advantages, and applications. A heat pipe transfers heat using an evaporation-condensation cycle within a sealed container consisting of a working fluid and capillary wick. Heat is absorbed at the evaporator section where the fluid evaporates, transferring heat through the vapor to the condenser section where it condenses, releasing heat and returning via the wick to the evaporator. Heat pipes can transfer heat very efficiently over long distances with minimal temperature difference due to the phase change process. Common applications include electronics cooling, aerospace systems, and industrial heat exchangers.
A heat pipe is a heat-transfer device that combines the principles of both thermal conductivity and phase transition to efficiently manage the transfer of heat between two solid interfaces.
This document provides an overview of conventional and modern heat pipes. It discusses the basic working principles of heat pipes, including how heat is transferred from the evaporator to the condenser via evaporation and condensation of a working fluid. It also describes the key components of heat pipes - the container, working fluid, and wick structure. Finally, it outlines several types of heat pipes such as thermosyphons, loop heat pipes, micro heat pipes, and variable conductance heat pipes.
A heat pipe is a device that efficiently transports thermal energy from one point to another using the latent heat of vaporized working fluid. It has a higher effective thermal conductivity than solid conductors. A heat pipe consists of a container, working fluid, and wick structure. Heat is absorbed in the evaporator section, vaporizing the fluid. The vapor moves through the container and condenses in the condenser section, releasing heat. Capillary action in the wick pumps the condensed fluid back to the evaporator. Heat pipes are used to cool electronics and aerospace components due to their high conductivity and ability to dissipate large heat fluxes over long distances.
This document provides an overview of heat pipes, including their history, components, working principles, applications, and limitations. Some key points:
- Heat pipes transfer heat through a process of evaporation and condensation of a working fluid inside a sealed container.
- Components include a container, wicking structure, and working fluid like water or liquid metals. Heat is absorbed by evaporating the fluid and released by condensing it.
- They have a wide range of applications in electronics cooling, aerospace, and heat exchangers due to their high heat transfer efficiency.
- Limitations include dry-out if capillary pressure cannot return enough liquid to the evaporator section or if vapor velocities become too
Solar thermal systems use solar energy to heat a fluid that is then used for applications like water and space heating. There are two main types of solar thermal collectors: non-concentrating and concentrating. Non-concentrating collectors absorb sunlight directly while concentrating collectors use mirrors to focus sunlight onto a receiver. Common examples are flat plate collectors and parabolic trough collectors. Key factors in evaluating performance include efficiency, operating temperature range, and cost per square meter. Solar thermal can be used for applications such as water heating, space heating, cooking, and industrial processes.
A parabolic reflector is a device that collects or projects energy such as light, sound, or radio waves by altering incoming plane waves traveling along the same axis as the parabola into a spherical wave focused at a single point. Parabolic reflectors have been used since antiquity and Archimedes is said to have used one to set fire to enemy ships. They work based on the geometric properties of the parabolic shape and the principle that any ray parallel to the dish is reflected to the central focus point. Common applications include satellite dishes, telescopes, microphones, and solar cookers.
This document discusses different types of solar collectors used to collect solar energy and convert it to heat. It describes flat-plate collectors that can collect both direct and diffuse sunlight to produce temperatures under 90°C for heating buildings and drying crops. Air collectors are also discussed that use air rather than liquid as the heat transfer medium. Concentrating collectors that focus sunlight are also covered, including parabolic cylindrical collectors and Fresnel lens collectors, which allow for higher concentration ratios. Advantages include higher efficiency and reduced material needs, while disadvantages include sensitivity to sun orientation and higher costs.
Cooling applications of solar system pptvikramdangi
This document provides an overview of solar cooling applications using absorption systems. It describes the basic components and processes of simple and practical vapour absorption systems using examples like ammonia-water. It discusses properties of ideal refrigerants, absorbents, and their combinations. Some advantages of absorption systems over compression systems are their lack of moving parts, ability to operate on thermal energy alone, suitability for large capacities, and controllability. Passive cooling techniques to reduce heat transfer and remove unwanted heat from buildings are also briefly covered.
IRJET- Optimization of Flat Plate Solar Collector with Novel Heat Collect...IRJET Journal
This document discusses optimizing a flat plate solar collector with novel heat collecting components through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation. It focuses on applying an optimization technique to a flat plate solar collector using an aluminium heat collecting component consisting of a flat plate absorber integrated with heat pipes made of aluminium. The CFD simulation investigates the effect of water mass flow rate on the collector's collection efficiency. The results show that maximum efficiency is observed at an optimized flow rate of 0.15 kg/s. Temperature profiles from the simulation are presented and compared to experimental results, showing good agreement between the simulated and experimental variation of efficiency with water mass flow rate.
The document describes a solar-powered vapor absorption refrigeration system. It has a generator that uses solar energy to heat an ammonia solution, an absorber, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. Solar energy is a renewable energy source that can power the system without pollution. The vapor absorption process replaces compression with heating, pumping, and absorbing, requiring fewer moving parts than vapor compression refrigeration. Applications include air conditioning, food processing, and other industries.
1. basic solar thermal training v3 robert cooleymoeshahram
This document provides an overview of Module 1 of an installer training course on basic solar thermal technologies. The module covers introductions to solar hot water, the components of SHW systems including different collector types, and types of SHW systems. It also outlines the steps to becoming a HelioPartner installer, including training, certification, insurance, and successful system installation. The goal is to train installers to effectively promote, install, and support Heliodyne solar hot water products.
This document describes a modified solar power refrigerator. It has components like a solar panel, generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber. The solar panel provides electricity to heat the generator and separate ammonia vapor. The vapor condenses and expands, causing cooling in the evaporator. This allows refrigeration without pollution from energy sources. It can be used for applications like food processing and commercial refrigeration with benefits of low maintenance costs and clean energy.
The document provides an overview of refrigeration systems, including:
1) It describes the basic principles and types of refrigeration systems, including vapor compression, absorption, and natural/mechanical refrigeration.
2) It explains common refrigerants used in primary and secondary systems, and discusses factors like thermal conductivity, viscosity, and thermodynamic properties that influence refrigerant selection.
3) It provides an overview of the main components in a typical vapor compression refrigeration system, including the evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.
The document summarizes a technical seminar on solar vapour absorption refrigeration systems. It discusses the components, process, advantages and disadvantages. The system uses solar energy to power an absorption refrigeration cycle that is similar to vapor compression, but uses a generator, absorber, and pump instead of a compressor. Ammonia is used as the refrigerant. It provides refrigeration with low maintenance costs while using a renewable energy source with no pollution.
The document provides information about a training session on solar thermal and heat pump systems for industrial applications. It discusses solar thermal and heat pump technologies for various industrial processes like canteen cooking, plate washing, boiler feed, and process treatment. Load estimations are presented for a canteen cooking application using both solar thermal and heat pump systems. The solar thermal system requires a 126 kW capacity while the heat pump requires 42 kW due to different operating hours.
The document provides specifications for Carrier Asia Co., Ltd.'s single effect hot water and steam absorption chillers. It includes performance data such as cooling capacity, dimensions, weight, and inlet/outlet temperatures for chilled water, cooling water, and hot water or steam. Key features listed are that the chillers use lithium bromide and water as natural refrigerants, require low maintenance due to few moving parts, and offer cost-effective cooling as an alternative to electric chillers.
Geothermal heat pump systems use the earth as a heat source and heat sink. They work by transferring heat from the building to the ground in the summer and from the ground to the building in the winter. This allows geothermal systems to lower energy costs by 30-60% and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40-70% compared to traditional HVAC systems. Geothermal systems have higher upfront installation costs but paybacks of 5-12 years due to long term energy savings and tax credits.
This document summarizes the benefits and operation of Midea hot water heat pump systems. It notes that heat pumps use 65% less energy than conventional water heaters by transferring thermal energy from surrounding air into water. They can produce over 4 kW of heat output for every 1 kW of power input. The document provides an overview of the HP170 and HP280 models, including their capacities, operating temperatures, efficiencies, and features like automatic disinfection. It indicates that heat pumps qualify for government incentives in Australia to reduce their purchase price.
ETP AC Gas Chiller for Middle East in Kw- Oct 2015 dispos V1Christian Moreau
This document discusses a reversible gas heat pump system called ETP that provides cooling, heating, and hot water for commercial and industrial applications. It can operate in various climates from 0-58°C and sources energy from natural gas, electricity, photovoltaics, and wind power. The system provides optimized and cost efficient energy usage through automatic arbitration between gas and electric networks. It also offers options for increased capacity through absorption modules or connection to desalination.
"Replacement of vapor compression system of domestic refrigerator by an eject...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on replacing vapor compression refrigeration systems with ejector refrigeration systems. It discusses how ejector refrigeration systems use low-grade waste heat as the power source, have fewer moving parts than compressors, and can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The document provides details on the design and testing of ejector refrigeration systems using various working fluids. It analyzes the performance of these systems and the impact of parameters like heat source temperature, refrigerant type, and ejector design on the system coefficient of performance.
Air2o introduction Cairo May 17th 2016 v.1.2TAQAMISR
This document discusses indirect-direct evaporative cooling (IDEC) technology from AIR2O. IDEC uses a two-stage process: first indirect evaporative cooling cools air without adding moisture, then direct evaporative cooling further cools and humidifies the air. IDEC can achieve 125% of wet bulb temperature cooling with 50% less moisture than direct-only systems. The document provides details on IDEC components, applications, performance advantages over other cooling methods, and example installations.
SOLAR POWER VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMaj12345ay
USE OF SOLAR POWER IN REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
The power incident from the sun to the earth has very much amount of energy that the present consumption rate of all the commercial and general uses. We utilize only 0.1% of total incident sun energy on the surface of earth. Thus solar energy can fulfill our present as well as future needs of energy. That is a reason it called renewable sources of energy. It is also environmental clean source of energy and available at whole part of world where people live. Using of solar energy in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning system it become very economical.
In our project we provide solar heat in generator for heating purpose of vapor compression refrigeration system.
For past few decades, energy has played a prominent role in the development of technology and economy. Energy has now become inevitable factor for production as well. The objective of this project is to develop an environment friendly vapour absorption system. Vapour absorption system uses heat energy, instead of mechanical energy as in vapour compression system, in order to change the condition of refrigerant required for the operation of the cycle. R 717(NH3) and water are used as working fluids in this system. The basic idea of this project is derived from the solar heating panel to obtain heat energy, instead of using any conventional source of heat energy. In this project various observations are done by varying operating conditions related to heat source, condenser, absorber and evaporator temperatures. The drawback of this system is that, it remains idle in the cloudy weather conditions.
COMPONENTS USED IN SOLAR POWERED AQUA-AMMONIA VAPOUR ABSORPTION SYSTEM
• ABSORBER
• PUMP
• HEAT EXCHANGER
• GENERATOR
• SOLAR PANEL
• CONDENSER
• EXPANSION VALVE
• EVAPORATOR
• DC BATTERY
• FAN
It designed for an Econet system especially for the use in the greenhouses of nurseries or the farms to protect the plants from excess of sunlight. It is one of the energy saving product which works on the process of adiabatic cooling.
This document provides an overview of air to water heat pump technology. It discusses how air to water heat pumps work by capturing heat from the outside air and transferring it inside to heat or cool a building. The document also covers the benefits of air to water heat pumps such as using renewable energy, providing heating, cooling and hot water from one system, and significant savings in energy costs compared to gas or oil systems. It provides details on the components of air to water heat pump systems including inverters, compressors, and controls.
2. Global Warming
Earth is warming! With most of the warming in the last 50 Years
attributes to human activities (That is emission of green house
effect) precipitation pattern are changing and sea level are rising.
Human activity have significantly increased the atmospheric
concentration of numerous green house gasses.
UN report on Global Warming – April 2007
Global warming leads to
“Climate Change”
3. Good News
The good news is, we have everything we need now to respond to
the challenge of global warming.
We have all the technologies we need, more are being developed,
and as they become available and become more affordable when
produced in scale, they will make it easier to respond.
,
What have YOU done for OUR Mother Earth?
4. Sustainable ‘GREEN’ Technology
Why Solar?
• Solar is a fixed cost hedged against rising energy costs.
• Solar provides a compelling return on investment.
• Solar energy systems are highly reliable and have low
maintenance costs.
• Solar is a clean, completely silent energy generation
technology.
• Finally solar energy is abundant
5. Salient Features
• Savings in Operating Cost in the form of fuel/power.
• 80% Accelerated Depreciation Benefit for ALL solar solutions
under MNRE scheme.
• Sturdy and proven technology since many years.
• Can work for 300+ days/year in Indian conditions.
• Modular design for easy and safe O and M.
• The system can be incorporated easily with existing backup
system.
6. Available Energy Efficient Solutions
• Air Water Heater
• Solar Dehydration
• Solar Hot Water Solutions
• Solar Street Lighting Solutions
• Solar PV Power Packs
• Solar Home Lighting Solutions
7. Air Water Heater
It is an instrument/concept where the heat from atmospheric
air is absorbed, and is transferred to water through the
mechanism for water heating using thermodynamic principle,
saving up to 80% energy.
Air Water Heater can extract heat even from Himalayan air i.e.
sub-zero temp (up to -30 oC.).
8. Air Water Heater - Schematic
Heating Fluid Heating Fluid Water storage
In In Hot
Vapor Form Gas Form Or
Heating
Ambient as Or
Heat Source Swimming Pool
Ambient Air
Inlet
Up to (-) 30º C
Hot Water
Outlet
Compressor
Cold Water
Inlet
Cool-Byproduct
Air Outlet
Evaporator Heating Fluid Condenser
Heating Fluid
In In Partial Hot
Liquid Form
Expansion Valve Liquid Form
9. Benefits - Air Water Heater
• Suitable for hard water
• System auto cut-off due to any component failure
• Independent LED’s for individual component & control
• Possibility of installing Monitoring panel anywhere in the
building (advantageous as system is installed at terrace)
• Up to 100% hot water availability with Dual Tank Design
• Low heat losses from hot water tank as the insulation is
decided based on the particular climatic conditions
10. Operating Cost of Various
Water Heating Technologies for
o
Temp Rise of 35 C
Fuel Type Paisa / Liter
Air Water Heater 5
Electric Geyser 23
L.P.G. 37
H.S.D. 22
L.D.O. 20
P.N.G. 18
F.O. 16
Fire Wood 12
11. WHY SOLAR THERMAL?
THE 80-20 PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR ENERGY:
20% 80%
AS AS
LIGHT ENERGY HEAT ENERGY
•EASE OF STORAGE •HIGH EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY ABSORPTION (50 - 75%)
•INTEGRATES WITH EXISTING REQUIREMENTS •INSUFFICIENT PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE
•LOW EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY ABSORPTION (15%) •DIFFICULT TO INTEGRATE WITH EXISTING REQUIREMENTS
EFFECTIVE SOLAR THERMAL EFFICIENCY
EFFECTIVE SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFICIENCY
3% 56%
12. Solar Dehydration Solution
• Use the power of SUN for commercial Dehydration
• 24 hour Operation
• Eliminate the biggest cost from Dehydration process – Fuel
Cost
• Increase the profit margin many folds
• Stay ahead in the competition
• Promote your business as Green Business
• Use 80% Accelerated Depreciation Benefit & Save Tax!
13. Solar Dehydration - Schematic
DRYING CHAMBER
70oC
55-
98oC
60oC
EXHAUST
FAN
MOISTURE
REMOVAL
14. Solar Hot Water Solutions
ETC Solar collectors is made of Three target selective
coated borosilicate glass tube evacuated for
providing insulation. The outer wall of the inner tube
is coated with selective absorbing materials.
This helps absorption of solar radiation and transfers
the heat to water through the inner tube.
15. Solar ETC Specifications
Particulars Specifications
Evacuated Tube Dimension Outer diameter-58+/-0.8 mm, inner
diameter-48+/-0.8mm
Total tube length 1500. +/-5mm.
Type of tube selective coating Grade AL-N with copper under
coating
Configuration of Glass Tube Two concentric Borosilicate glass
Coating
Solar absorbance >.0.93
Solar Emmitance <.0.06.
Evacuation between Outer & Inner 5 x 10-3 Pa.
Tubes
Rated Pressure 0.1 .Mpa. (1.kg/Cm2).
Stagnation Temperature < 300.Deg.C.
16. All Glass Tube Collectors
Complete System
Solar Collector (ETC)
17. All Glass Heat Pipe Collectors
• Latest Revolutionary Technology
• Gives Hot Water Up to 980C
• Excellent for Industrial Application
• 80% Accelerated Depreciation Benefit
• No Moving Parts – No Hazels
• Minimum Maintenance
21. Solar LED Street Lights
• Zero electricity running cost
• 80% depreciation benefits
• Autonomous Operations
• Close to a month’s time saved in
newly constructed places as a result
of easy installation (feedback from
builders)
• Cleaner and Greener environment
to breathe!
22. Solar LED Street Lights
• No laying down electrical wires and digging hassles required
which usually consume close to a month’s time for completion
• Significant cost savings in avoiding to lay down electrical
wires, distribution points, employing labor and doing away
with digging hassles
• Less heat emission and easy disposal due to absence of
harmful substances like mercury
23. Solar Home Lighting System
Benefits:
• Ideal for rural area
• Works as hedge against raising
electricity cost.
• Store Power at Zero running cost
• LED Bulbs Consume less Power,
hence longer working life for
Backup Battery