Mr. Husain Nadaf, Tutor

1. HEART BLOCK
Guided by: Prof. Mrs Suchitrarani Rathod
Dean & Principal
Dept. Of Medical Surgical Nursing
D.Y Patil College of Nursing

2. MEANING
Heart block is an abnormal heart rhythm where the heart beats
too slowly (bradycardia ). in this condition, the electrical
signals to the heart to contract are partially or totally blocked
between the upper chambers (atria) and the lower chambers
(ventricles)

4. CAUSES
• Some medical conditions increase the risk for developing heart block. These
medical conditions include:
• Myocardial infarction
• Heart valve surgery
• Congenital heart diseases or Heart valve abnormalities
• Prolonged use of medications – medications such as Beta blockers, calcium
channel blockers and digoxin
• Exposure to toxic substances
• Lyme disease – Occurs when bacteria enters into the tissues of heart
• Aging
• Autoimmune disorders – Lupus systemic infection is transferred from
mother to womb
• Gunshot wound or stab injury
• Hypokalemia

5. TYPES
• First-degree heart block – The electrical impulses are
slowed or delay in passage of the impulse occur at AV node
itself and PR wave relatively remain constant, but they all
successfully reach the ventricles. First-degree heart block PR
interval more than 0.20 seconds, no any symptoms seen in
first degree

7. • Second-degree heart block (Type I) – Second degree heart
blocks is a more serious, some of the impulses are conducted
and others are blocked
Mobitz type 1 block – In this type there is delay in a P wave
as PR interval gets lengthy and RR interval becomes shorter
and P wave fails to conduct to ventricles and QRS complex is
dropped, however client may experience vertigo & weakness
due to low cardiac output

9. • Mobitz type 2 block – It occurs when P wave is not
conducted and dropped QRS complex, but PR interval
remains constant without prolongation, as this is considered
as an unstable rhythm

11. • Third-degree heart block – With this condition, also called
complete heart block, none of the electrical impulses from the
atria reach the ventricles. When the ventricles (lower
chambers) do not receive electrical impulses from the atria
(upper chambers), they may generate some impulses on their
own, called junctional or ventricular escape beats, No
relationship between atria nad ventricles and no relation
between P waves and QRS complexes, greater number of P
waves than QRS complexes

13. • Bundle Branch Block – Bundle branches indicates
impairment of one of the bundle branches causing abnormal
conduction pathway through ventricles causing a wide
notched QRS complex greater than 0.20 seconds

15. SYMPTOMS
Some people with heart block will not experience any symptoms.
Others will have symptoms that may include the following:
• Chest Discomfort
• Nausea, Indigestion, Heartburn, or Stomach Pain
• Pain that spreads to the Arm
• Your Legs, Feet, and Ankles are swollen
• Irregular Heart Beat
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue