The document provides information about and comparisons of the healthcare systems of the United Kingdom and India. The UK has a largely tax-funded national healthcare system called the NHS that provides free care at the point of access. Healthcare responsibilities are devolved to the four constituent countries. Primary care is the main point of contact and acts as a gatekeeper to more specialized secondary and tertiary care provided in hospitals. In contrast, India has a fee-for-service system where out-of-pocket expenses account for 80% of costs and there are fewer doctors, hospital beds and overall healthcare spending per capita than in the UK.

1. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM OF UK
&
COMPARISON WITH INDIAN HEALTH SYSTEM

2.  United Kingdom is one of the European
developed leading countries located in the north
western coast of Europe.
 The landmass of the UK covers 243,610 sq.
kilometres.
 It is a sovereign state formed of a union of four
countries:
 England
 Scotland
 Wales
 Northern Ireland.

6.  The United Kingdom’s healthcare system is largely
funded by taxes and is mostly free at point of
access.
 Legal residents of UK may use the service of the
National Health Service (NHS), and they are also
free to purchase private health insurance if the
wish.
 Health care in UK is mainly a devolved matter.
 Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland make their
own decisions about the way in which health
services are organised.

7.  The UK health system was never a singular
whole.
 All 4 sovereign state can determine their own
spending plans within allocations although the
financial responsibility has remained in the
domain of UK.

12.  The English National Program for Information
Technology.
 NHS mail
 GP payment system
 Choose and Book
 Health and Wellbeing Boards
 Department of Health

13.  Creating an NHS Care Records Service to improve
the sharing of patient records across the NHS with
their consent;
 Making it easier and faster for GPs and other
primary care staff to book hospital appointments
for patients;
 Providing a system for the electronic trans
mission of prescriptions, and
 Ensuring that the IT infrastructure can meet NHS
needs now and in the future.

15.  The key elements of public health in the UK are:
 Health protection programs
 Health improvement programs
 Reducing health inequalities.
 Primary care in UK serves three main roles:
 First point of contact when a person has a health
concern.
 Provides on going care for common conditions
and injuries.
 Serves as a gatekeeper to more specialized care,
which is generally provided in hospitals.

16.  Most secondary care is provided by salaried
specialist doctors and others who work in state-
owned hospitals.
 Tertiary services offer more specialized care, and
are often linked to medical schools or teaching
hospitals.

17.  Financial protection and Equity in Financing
Financial protection
 User Equity and Experience
 Equity of access to Healthcare
 Health service outcome and quality of care
 Transparency and Accountability

20.  In the UK, the whole population is covered by the
National Health System (NHS), which is financed
through general taxation and run by the
Department of Health.
 Despite this coverage, there is an increasing trend
towards private care and coverage, with 12% of
the population contracting additional private
health insurance.
 Primary care services are provided mainly by
General Practitioners (GPs), who also act as
“gatekeepers” in providing access to secondary
care.

21.  3.1 million healthcare and social assistance
employees.
 11% of national employment.
 1.4 million employees in the hospital sector.
 67% of all physicians working in hospitals.
 Regulation of the healthcare system is
decentralised.

22.  How to cope up with the needs of an ageing
population.
 How to manage population with poor health
behaviours associated chronic conditions.
 How to meet patient expectations of access to
the latest available medicines and technologies.
 How to adopt a system that has limited
resources to expand its workforce and
infrastructural facilities.

23. India and the UK:
Partners in
healthcare

24. Primary care: the foundation of healthcare
The primary care systems for the 21st century are built on the
foundations of:
 multi-disciplinary teams of healthcare professionals trained for
family medicine
 suitable facilities and infrastructure, integrating digital
healthcare, to provide a range of access options and support
dispersed populations
 clinical pathways for consistent and effective care, with referral
processes for specialist consultations
 information systems including electronic patient records to
optimize clinical activity
 Primary care includes: Clinical, People, Management and The
Built environment

27. INDIA UK
1. HEALTHCARE
DELIVERY SYSTEM
Fee- for- service
system
UK NHS free at the
point of service
2. GDP 1.3% of GDP 9% of GDP
3. POPULATION 64 million 1.3 billion
4. ‘OUT OF POCKET’
EXPENSE
80% 15.1%
5. HEALTHCARE
SPENDING PER PERSON
Rs.4,475 Rs.2,07,423

28. INDIA UK
6. HEALTHCARE
PROVIDERS
Physicians, Specialists,
Nurses, Doctors, etc.
General Practitioners
7. REGULTORY
BODIES
Union Ministry of
Health and Family
Welfare
Healthcare
commission,
Commission for Social
care Inspection,
Mental Health Act
Commission
8. MORTALITY RATE 31.2 per 100
population
10.35 per 100
population
9. HOSPITAL BED PER
1000 POPULATION
0.9 per 1000
population
2.61 per 1000
population
10. DOCTOR- PATIENT
RATIO
1:921 2.8:1000

29. COMPARISON
INDIA
• Tuberculosis and Heart
diseases are the major cause
of death.
• Malaria and typhoid are the
most prevalent
communicable disease.
• Patient decides which
specialists he want for
specific diseases.
• Investigations can be done at
patient’s will anytime he
wants.
• OTC medications are
available.
UK
• Cancer is responsible for one-
third of all death in UK.
• Food poisoning and measles
are the most prevalent
communicable disease.
• Every person has to consult
the GP doctor with whom
he/ she is registered.
• A patient might need to wait
for weeks or even months to
get a basic investigation
done.
• OTC medications are not
available.