Have A Ball_Full-Day Kindergarten_Health Nexus_Nexus Santé
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This workshop was done by the Best Start Resource Centre for Full-Day Kindergaten teams in school boards of Ontario. Funding was provided by Lawson Foundation.
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Have A Ball_Full-Day Kindergarten_Health Nexus_Nexus Santé
- 1. Physical Activity in Kindergarten Building Lifelong Habits Louise Choquette Bilingual Health Promotion Consultant Best Start Resource Centre
- 2. Learning Objectives • Understand the importance of physical activity and physical literacy for kindergarten children including connections to student achievement and well-being. • Learn about strategies that will increase the physical activity and physical literacy levels of kindergarten children. • Participate in hands-on games and activities that can be used in the kindergarten program. • Work through common barriers that prevent physical activity in kindergarten children and identify solutions. • Network with others to share ideas, practices and success stories. • Have access to ideas, supports and resources that will allow to you keep the momentum going following the session.
- 3. About the Best Start Resource Centre • Provides information, consultations, resources and training in the areas of maternal health and early child development to service providers • A program of Health Nexus (www.healthnexus.ca) • Core funding from the Ministry of Children and Youth Services • Have a Ball Together! project funded by the Lawson Foundation
- 4. Setting the Stage • Series of multiple choice questions related to key terms, statistics and guidelines. • Move in the way that reflects your response: – “A” – march on the spot – “B” – boxer jabs – “C” – heel digs – “D” – overhead press A – March on the spot B – Boxer jabs C – Heel digs D – Overhead press
- 5. Setting the Stage On average, out of a group of 26 kids aged 5 year olds, how many are meeting the guidelines for 60 minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity each day? a. Less than 4 b. Just over 7 c. About 12 d. Just over 15 A – March on the spot B – Boxer jabs C – Heel digs D – Overhead press
- 6. Setting the Stage What is an example of a moderate-intensity activity? a. Climbing b. Building with blocks c. Running d. Brisk walking A – March on the spot B – Boxer jabs C – Heel digs D – Overhead press
- 7. Setting the Stage How many hours a day does the average 5 year old spend being sedentary (not including sleep time)? a. 3.4 hours b. 5.8 hours c. 7.6 hours d. 10 hours A – March on the spot B – Boxer jabs C – Heel digs D – Overhead press
- 8. Setting the Stage What is the most influential environment for children to be physically active? a. Home b. School c. Community d. All of the above A – March on the spot B – Boxer jabs C – Heel digs D – Overhead press
- 10. Benefits of physical activity Physical development? Emotional development? Social development? Cognitive development?
- 11. Benefits of Physical Activity Physical Development • Helps a child grow • Builds and maintains a healthy heart, lungs, bones, muscles and joints • Fosters the development of motor skills including fundamental movement skills • Gives energy during the day • Helps a child sleep better at night • Enhances flexibility • Develops good posture • Improves coordination and balance • Helps achieve and maintain a healthy body weight • Improves fitness levels
- 12. Benefits of Physical Activity Emotional Development • Provides enjoyment and makes children feel happy • Reduces anxiety and relieves stress • Prevents, reduces, and helps manage depression • Helps build confidence and positive self-esteem • Improves the ability to deal with stress
- 13. Benefits of Physical Activity Social Development • Provides opportunities to practice and develop social skills • Encourages interactions with others • Helps develop friendships • Encourages healthy family engagement • Teaches life skills • Promotes leadership skills • Develops confidence • Helps nurture imagination and creativity • Promotes positive behaviour
- 14. Benefits of Physical Activity Cognitive Development • Enhances the development of brain function • Improves problem-solving abilities • Increases attention and concentration • Improves memory • Enhances creativity • Increases readiness to learn • Improves learning and academic performance
- 15. Benefits of Physical Activity Physical Activity and Brain Development • PA increases blood flow to the brain, which increases alertness and mental focus • PA builds new brain cells in the same region linked to memory • Children who are active have a larger region of the brain responsible for maintaining attention • PA reduces stress that can damage the brain • PA that require coordination build connections between the left and right hemispheres of the brain
- 16. Benefits of Physical Activity
- 17. Role of Physical Literacy • Important component of physical activity • Includes motivation, confidence, competence and understanding • Fundamental movement skills as building blocks: – Literacy = letters words sentences – Numeracy = numbers fractions equations – Physical literacy = movement skills sequences tasks
- 18. Tips to help children develop physical literacy: • Try new activities and movement skills. • Provide plenty of opportunities for practice. • Be active in different places (on the ground, in the air, in the water and on snow/ice). • Choose activities that suit your students’ skills and development.
- 19. Problem Solving • Get into small groups. • Discuss with your group any barriers you are currently facing in relation to getting children active in your classroom. • Select one barrier with your group, share it with other groups and write it at the top of your paper. • We will revisit this activity after the break.
- 20. Let’s Get Active! • Main goal is to get children moving while having fun. • Can integrate other areas of learning into games and activities such as literacy, numeracy, colours and shapes • Skills developed through games go beyond just movement competence and can include aim & accuracy, spatial awareness, eye-hand coordination, communication, listening, following instructions, problem solving, critical thinking, adaptability, developing relationships, self-regulation. • Games also connect to character development such as sharing, encouragement, cooperation, working together, empathy, positive attitude, teamwork, caring.
- 21. Let’s Get Active! Games that develop literacy: • Alphabet Bodies • Clean Up • Paint the Alphabet Games for large spaces: • Colour Switch • Down the Line • Bean Bag Balance Games that develop numeracy: • Dice Roll • Pairs • Body Part Balance Games for small spaces: • Activity Pass • Balance Ball Pass • Cat and Mouse
- 22. Break Time!
- 23. Unstructured Physical Activity • Also known as child-led activity or free play. • Children play freely on their own or with other children. • The role of the adult is to watch or supervise at a level that is appropriate to the age and developmental stage of the child. • Adults can join in with the child during unstructured physical activity but the adult is not leading the activity. • Natural opportunities through active outdoor play (risky play).
- 25. Active Outdoor Play • Important component of physical activity for children. • Often referred to as risky play. • Examples include: – Climbing trees – Digging in dirt – Jumping in puddles • Will help children: – Understand their physical limits – Manage challenges – Develop self-confidence
- 26. Loose Parts Philosophy • Open-ended. • Encourages creativity, exploration and problem solving. • Use of materials that can be manipulated. • No directions. • Positive connections to physical activity levels. • Examples of materials include: – Natural: water, sticks, dirt, leaves, rocks, pine cones, logs. – Playground: balls, hula hoops, tires, buckets, chalk, scarves, rope. – Indoors: blocks/building materials, blankets, sensory materials, play cars, animals and people, art materials, recycled materials.
- 27. Have a Ball Together! Website Review
- 28. Have a Ball Together! Website Review
- 29. Have a Ball Together! Website Review
- 30. Have a Ball Together! Website Review
- 31. Have a Ball Together! Website Review
- 32. Problem Solving • In your small groups, quickly brainstorm and make note of potential solutions to the barrier you have chosen. • After 1 minute, you will move to the next group’s barrier and note any solutions that haven’t been identified. • After visiting each group and identifying possible solutions, we will review as a group.
- 33. Group Sharing Find a partner or small group and discuss: • Do you have any ideas or practices that you’ve had success with? • Where do you get your great ideas? • Do you have go-to resources you consistently use? • Do you have community-based resources or organizations you have connected with? • What are some community-based resources or organizations that could provide support?
- 34. Sharing with your school community: Find a new partner or small group and discuss ideas for sharing information and promoting physical activity with the following groups in your school community: • Students in your class • Other students in the school • Your teaching partner • Other educators in the school • Parents • Your school’s principal
- 35. Developing an Action Plan: Red light: something you are going to stop doing Yellow light: something you are going to do less of Green light: something you are going to start doing or continue to move forward with
- 36. Organizations & Websites: • Alberta Centre for Active Living (www.centre4activeliving.ca/) • Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (www.csep.ca) • Canadian Sport for Life (www.canadiansportforlife.ca) • Caring for Kids – Active Kids, Healthy Kids (www.caringforkids.cps.ca/active-kids/active-actifs) • Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development – Physical Activity (www.child-encyclopedia.com/physical-activity) • Healthy U – Active Kids (www.healthyalberta.com/842.htm) • Parachute (www.parachutecanada.org/) • ParticipACTION (www.participaction.com/)
- 37. More Activity Ideas • Early Learning Resource, Ophea (teachingtools.ophea.net/activities) • A Hop, Skip and a Jump: Enhancing Physical Literacy, Mount Royal College (www.mtroyal.ca) • Hop Family Resource, LEAP BC (Literacy, Education, Activity and Play) (activeforlife.com/hop-resource) • Games and Activities, Healthy Beginnings for Preschoolers 2-5 (healthybeginningspreschoolers.ca) • Lesson Plans, Active for Life (activeforlife.com/lesson-plan-modules) • Physical Activity for Individuals with Special Needs, Canadian Active After School Partnership (activeafterschool.ca)
- 38. Wrap-up • Thank you • Evaluations • Questions?
- 39. Thank you for taking a moment to complete a feedback survey for today’s EY Professional Learning Day at: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/PSK8NMV
Editor's Notes
- Welcome Housekeeping (bathrooms, fire exits, interactive workshop including active components, break after 1.5 hours, training materials) Presenter introduction: Health Promotion Consultant with the Best Start Resource Centre Involved with a project related to physical activity for children 0-6 Worked with Ophea for 5 years Involved in training educators across the province about physical literacy, physical activity and Teaching Games for Understanding Have 2 adult children Have a Bachelor’s of Arts in Communication Studies and a Graduate Diploma in Educational Technology Who’s in the room? POLL Educators, ECEs, EL teams, H&PE specialists, other
- 10 minutes (2 minutes/intro + each question) We are going to start the workshop by reviewing some important information related to physical activity and children. Because this is a workshop about physical activity, we are going to integrate some movement (and hopefully some fun!) into this section. On the next few slides, I have some multiple choice questions that include key terms, statistics and guidelines. After I read the question, you are going to do the move that reflects your response. Does anyone have any questions? Let’s get started!
- On average, out of a group of 26 kids aged 5 year olds, how many are meeting the guidelines for 60 minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity each day? a. Less than 4 b. Just over 7 c. About 12 d. Just over 15 First off, how many of you are familiar with the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines? These are a series of documents that were developed by the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP) for the Early Years, Children, Youth, Adults and Older Adults. Each guideline provides information on the types, intensity, and frequency of physical activity needed to promote good health. Children 5-11 years old should accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. This should include vigorous-intensity activities at least 3 days per week, and activities that strengthen muscle and bone at least 3 days per week. So that being said, the number of 5 year olds out of a group of 26 that are meeting the guidelines is b. Just over 7. (30%) JUST UPDATED In the 3-4 year old age group, 73% of children meet the guidelines for daily physical activity. However, physical activity levels start to decline at age three and this may be due to the fact that as children get older, they need more energetic activities. Current data indicates that in the 6-11 age group, only 14% of children get the recommended 60 minutes of physical activity each day. For the 12-17 age group, this number drops to only 5%. Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey, 2012 and 2013 (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2015001/article/14136-eng.htm) Source: 2015 ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth (formerly the Active Health Kids Canada Report Card). Update: Health Reports, Vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 14-23, September 2016 • Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 82-003-X Physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Canadian children aged 3 to 5
- What is an example of a moderate-intensity activity? a. Climbing b. Building with blocks c. Running d. Brisk walking The correct answer is d. Brisk walking. Light-intensity physical activity includes activities of daily living. Examples are walking, standing while colouring and playing in the sandbox. Moderate-intensity physical activity causes children to sweat a little and breathe a little harder. Examples are playground activities, bicycle riding and brisk walking. Vigorous-intensity physical activity causes children to sweat and be out of breath. Examples are running, jumping and climbing. All types of physical activity are important in reducing the amount of sedentary behaviour in children and in improving their health.
- How many hours a day does the average 5 year old spend being sedentary (not including sleep time)? 3.4 hours 5.8 hours 7.6 hours 10 hours The correct answer is c. 7.6 hours. Children 5-11 spend 7.6 hours being sedentary and those aged 12-17 spend 9.3 hours being sedentary. Sedentary lifestyles are a major contributing factor to the development of obesity in children. It is directly linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes that can easily be reduced with regular movement. One of the primary indicators used to measure sedentary behaviour is screen time and 76% of children 5-11 years old are playing with tablets, watching tv, or playing video games for more than 2 hours each day. In addition to contributing to obesity, too much screen time has been linked to irregular sleep, behavioural problems, impaired academic performance, a desensitization to violence and less time for active, creative play. Source: 2010 Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card Source: 2015 ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth (formerly the Active Health Kids Canada Report Card).
- What is the most influential environment for children to be physically active? a. Home b. School c. Community d. All of the above The correct answer is d. All of the above. It is important that physical activity for children take place in a variety of different environments – at home, when in school and out in the community. This helps emphasize the message the physical activity is important. That being said, as educators who spend a large portion of the day with your students, you are in a unique position to be able to positively influence their physical activity habits. I am hopefully going to be able to provide you with some idea and tools through this workshop that will help you do so. I also want to reference that physical activity should also come in a variety of different formats – play, games, sports, active transportation, recreation and physical education. This will allow your students to find what they enjoy and achieve success with.
- 2 minutes The benefits of physical activity aren’t just limited to physical health. Physical activity also improves mental health, social skills and cognitive functioning. We are going to watch a quick video that was developed by the Best Start Resource Centre thath highlights some of the benefits of physical activity for young children.
- Ask participants to name some of the benefits for each category.
- 1 minute Read slide
- 1 minute Read slide
- 1 minute Read slide
- 1 minute Read slide
- 1 minute Physical activity is especially important for kindergarten children because of the impact it has on the developing brain. Read slide Physical activity enhances the development of brain function which increases a readiness to learn and academic performance. Numerous studies have been done that demonstrate increased test scores as a direct result of physical activity. References: http://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/35-the-benefits-of-exercise-on-your-kids-brain http://www.teacher-support-force.com/brainexercises.html
- 1 minute Here is an infographic that was developed by Active Living Research and although it is an American based organization, there is some really interesting data presented. Some of the key points I want to emphasize are… After 20 minutes of physical activity, students tested better in reading, spelling and math. One physically active lesson results in a 13% increase in physical activity and a 21% decrease in teachers’ time managing behaviour. Look at the difference in brain activity of students taking a test after 20 minutes of sitting quietly and after 20 minutes of walking. Reference: http://activelivingresearch.org/blog/2015/01/infographic-active-kids-learn-better
- 2 minutes By a show of hands, how many of you are familiar with the term “physical literacy”? Physical literacy is an important component of physical activity. The International Physical Literacy Association defines physical literacy as “the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life.” If a child is physically literate, they have the ability to demonstrate a variety of movement skills with confidence and competence across a wide range of physical activities. These are fundamental movement skills and include movements such as: stretching, twisting, running, jumping, skipping, throwing, catching and kicking. Fundamental movement skills are the building blocks of physical activity. Just like literacy has the ABCs and numeracy has the 123s, physical literacy has smaller components that provide the base for being successful with movement. By developing fundamental movement skills and physical literacy, children develop the confidence to be physically active, whether through recreational games or competitive sports and activities. Physical literacy helps to establish healthy physical activity habits by laying a strong foundation with fun and positive experiences that leads to children being more inclined to stay physically active as they get older. Without physical literacy, research has shown that children withdraw from physical activity and sport and turn to more inactive and unhealthy choices during their leisure time. Being physically inactive can result in lower school grades, reduced confidence, lower self-esteem, poor social skills and chronic health problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers.
- 1 minute Children develop physical literacy when they have lots of opportunities to play and experience different movement skills. Both unstructured play, where children can explore on their own, and structured activities, where children receive formal instruction to improve their skills, develop physical literacy. Here are some ways you can help children develop physical literacy… Read slide
- 5 minutes If you are having trouble thinking of or selecting a barrier, come see me and you can pick one at random.
- 60 minutes As I’ve already shared with you, physical activity has a ton of benefits for children, especially for kindergarten children. This is why they should move often! Over the next hour, we are going to participate in a collection of games and activities that can be used throughout your FDK program. We are going to focus on: Activities that develop literacy Activities that develop numeracy Activities for large spaces like the gym or outside Activities for small spaces like the classroom or hallway During this section of the workshop, my main goals are to highlight activities that: Will get students moving while promoting a positive experience and encourage fun. Connect to physical skill development, non-physical skill development, and character development. Can easily be modified to meet the different ability levels of your students. Focus on participation and cooperation rather than competition. Use simple instructions and limited rules. Do not use specialized equipment. I will also provide tips and strategies that will help you facilitate these activities with your students. Everyone ready to get going? I encourage everyone to participate but if at any time you need to take a break, don’t hesitate to have a seat and join us again when you are ready.
- 60 minutes Key tips and strategies to highlight during the activities: Make it fun because kids will enjoy themselves and want to continue being active. Be a good role model and participate with the kids. Any movement is good movement (as long as the kids are having fun and being physically and emotionally safe). Specialized equipment isn’t necessary (e.g., can use no equipment or household and classroom items). Small groups allow for more participation. Try different types of physical activity: play, games, sports Non-traditional equipment may add an element of fun and appeal to those who are intimidated by sports. Watch out for signs of fatigue and end the activity before the children start losing interest or stop having fun. Ensure games aren’t too complicated. Involve children in choosing the activities or equipment to create some accountability. Create a positive environment by being enthusiastic, providing encouragement and removing pressure. Create lots of opportunities for success through achievable challenges (e.g., change rules, modify equipment, larger targets) Provide lots of opportunities for practice (skill development takes time!)
- 10 minutes
- Read slide
- Active outdoor play is an important component of physical activity for children. It involves providing opportunities for children to play outside, experiencing the elements, learning about their environment, and naturally exploring different types of movement such as running, jumping, climbing, and building without being prompted. Active outdoor play is often referred to as risky play. It is important to note that risky play does not mean dangerous play that is unsafe. Instead, it is giving children the freedom to evaluate challenges, test their own physical limits, and develop their confidence. Examples include climbing trees, digging in dirt, and jumping in puddles. These activities are thrilling and exciting to children and lead to curiosity, creativity, and problem solving. Accordingly, don’t be afraid to encourage your children to explore outdoor and risky play. It will help them to understand their physical limits, manage challenges, and develop their self-confidence.
- Loose parts is a term that was developed by architect Simon Nicholson in the 1970’s. It represents a philosophy of play that is open-ended and encourages creativity, exploration and problem solving. Loose parts are materials that can be manipulated in many different ways. They can be moved, carried, mixed together, sorted and assembled. They can be used alone or combined with other loose parts. There are no directions for loose parts play. Loose parts play has positive connections to physical activity levels in children because they are constantly moving. Studies have shown that children who have access to loose parts materials, like those below, are more active than those who play on in a fixed play environment, like a playground.
- To highlight: For anyone who is involved in the care of children 0-6 (at home, in childcare, at school and in the community) Targeted information for Families and Professionals
- Just the Facts includes important background information such as what physical activity is and why it’s important
- Tips & Ideas section includes realistic solutions for common barriers to getting kids active
- Games & Activities database includes over 100 fun and simple games and activities that can be accessed by age, space availability and equipment requirements
- Also includes tools to extend the learning: Videos, Downloads, Additional Resources. Bilingual website
- 15 minutes: 5 minutes for gallery walk, 10 minutes for review
- 10 minutes: 5 minutes for discussion, 5 minutes to share with the group While I’ve shared a lot of information and ideas with you, as someone who spends all day with the students, you guys are the experts. I want you to find an elbow partner or small group and discuss the questions on the screen. After 5 minutes, I’m going to bring the conversation back to the full group and ask partners to share what you talked about.
- 10 minutes: 5 minutes for discussion, 5 minutes to share with the group Whether at home, in childcare, at school, or in the in the community, we all have a role in getting kids active but sometimes key stakeholder groups just don’t know about the importance of physical activity for young children or how they can help. I want you to find a new elbow partner or small group and discuss ideas for sharing information and promoting physical activity with the different groups in your school community that are identified on the slide. After 5 minutes, I’m going to bring the conversation back to the full group and ask partners to share what you talked about.
- 10 minutes: 5 minutes to work individually, 5 minutes to share with the group Based on the workshop so far, I hope that you are more informed about physical activity for kindergarten-aged children and have some great ideas and strategies that you are ready to try out when you get back to you classroom. To help you with being a bit more accountable, I would like each of you to identify some next steps through a modified action play. I would like you each to use a traffic light template to highlight some areas of action when you are back at your school. The red light represents something you are going to stop doing. The yellow light represents something you are going to do less of. And the green light represents something you are going to start doing or continue to move forward with. Please take a few minutes to identify some action steps.
- 5 minutes Can you believe two and a half hours is already up? Thank you all for spending time with me to learn all about physical activity in the kindergarten classroom. I hope you all are leaving with some interesting information, new activities ideas and strategies for how you can continue promote and facilitate physical activity with your students. (Also thank school board and community partners if involved in workshop). I am going to be handing out an evaluation form and I ask that everyone please take 5 minutes to fill out the questions. Everyone that completes an evaluation will be entered in a draw to win one of three Ophea resources including the 50 Fitness Cards, the Yoga Alphabet Cards and the Early Learning Activity Cards. Also, I will be sticking around for a little bit so don’t hesitate to connect with me if you have any questions. Following today’s session, we have an interest in continuing the learning and providing some avenues to be able to connect with other workshop participants. I will be following up in the next week or so with more information about this. Thank you again!