The document discusses the "Burning of Books and Burying of Scholars" policy under China's first emperor of the Qin dynasty in the early 200s BC. It refers to the reported burning of texts in 213 BC and burial alive of 460 Confucian scholars in 210 BC ordered by the emperor. While some texts were destroyed and scholars killed, it is now believed the scholars were not just Confucians and may not have been buried alive. The incidents became enduring legends symbolizing opposition to the emperor's regime.