This document outlines a learning module on chemical reactions and stoichiometry. It discusses key concepts like chemical equations, laboratory experiments, mass and yield calculations, and applications in fields like industry, agriculture, environmental monitoring and green chemistry initiatives. The module aims to explain why stoichiometry is important and show how chemical reactions can be understood and safely managed through precise measurements and balanced ratios.

1. Guided Generalizations

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Learning
Competencies
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding

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CRS-Ch-9d. Classify chemical reactions by type
S9MT-IIi-19: Use the mole concept to express mass of
substances
S9MT-IIj-20: Determine the percentage composition of a
compound given its chemical formula and vice versa
COMPETENCIES:

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Starter Activity
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding

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Why studying
chemical
equation?
Designing Standards-Based Learning Modules for
Understanding

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CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Designing Standards-Based Learning Modules for
Understanding

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The bigger
Picture
Designing Standards-Based Learning Modules for
Understanding

9. AIRBAG DESIGN

10. ROCKET PROPULSION

11. LITHIUM HYDROXIDE SCRUBBER

12. PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

13. Role in Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs)

14. Role in Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs)

15. GREEN CHEMISTRY

16. ECOLOGICAL STOICHIOMETRY

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Why
stoichiometry?
Designing Standards-Based Learning Modules for
Understanding

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REACTIONS EQUATIONS
Designing Standards-Based Learning Modules for
Understanding
balanced chemical equations representing various
reactions involved in industrial processes or
environmental phenomena.

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LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS
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Understanding
Scientists measuring and mixing precise amounts of
reactants in laboratory glassware to ensure
stoichiometric ratios are maintained during
experiments.

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ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS
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Understanding
Analytical instruments such as spectrometers or
chromatographs being used to analyze reaction
products and determine their quantities accurately.

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MASS MEASUREMENTS
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Understanding
Scientists weighing chemicals using analytical balances
with high precision to ensure the stoichiometric
proportions are maintained.

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YIELD CALCULATIONS
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Understanding
scientists calculating theoretical and actual yields of
reaction products, illustrating the concept of
stoichiometry in real-world chemical processes.

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PROCESS OPTIMIZATIONS
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Understanding
Engineers and researchers optimizing chemical
processes in industrial settings to maximize product
yield while minimizing waste through stoichiometric
considerations.

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FOOD PRODUCTION
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Understanding
Agricultural practices where fertilizers are applied to
fields in stoichiometrically balanced ratios to optimize
crop yields while minimizing environmental impact.

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
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Understanding
Scientists collecting air, water, or soil samples from
polluted areas and using stoichiometric principles to
analyze the concentration of pollutants and assess
their impact on the environment.

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SAFETY PROTOCOLS
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Understanding
Safety protocols in chemical plants or laboratories that
ensure stoichiometrically balanced reactions are
conducted safely to prevent accidents and minimize
environmental risks.

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GREEN CHEMISTRY INITIATIVES
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Understanding
Initiatives aimed at designing environmentally friendly
chemical processes with high atom economy and
minimal waste production, highlighting the importance
of stoichiometric considerations.

28. Guided Generalizations
General Instructions

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CRS-Ch-9d. Classify chemical reactions by type
S9MT-IIi-19: Use the mole concept to express mass of
substances
S9MT-IIj-20: Determine the percentage composition of a
compound given its chemical formula and vice versa
COMPETENCIES:

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"Clean Air Initiative: Monitoring Urban Atmospheres"
ARTICLES:

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WHAT TO REMEMBER IN ANSWERING THE ESSENTIAL
QUESTIONS…..
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Modules for Understanding

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SITUATION
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Modules for Understanding

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SITUATION
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Modules for Understanding

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QUESTION 1
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ANSWER
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding

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QUESTION
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ANSWER
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Modules for Understanding

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QUESTION
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Modules for Understanding

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ANSWER
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding

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ANSWER
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding

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QUESTION
Designing Standards-Based Learning
Modules for Understanding
How does one predict, benefit, and safely
manage substances and chemical reactions
affecting life and the environment?