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Organismele xerofile
Organismele xerofile
- prefera regiunile secetoase
(savana, stepa, desert)
Adaptarile plantelor xerofite
Plantele care traiesc in locuri uscate ( de exemplu, in stepa) au radacinile
adanci sau mult ramificate la suprafata, frunzele mici, paroase, cu stomate
putine.
Ciclul de viata al acestor plante este scurt, corespunzator perioadei umede;
in acest fel, ele rezista la uscaciune.
PALAMIDA
La plantele din desert, de
exemplu la cactus, s-a redus
intensitatea transpiratiei prin
micsorarea suprafetei corpului,
frunzele s-au transformat in tepi,
iar tulpina preia functia de
fotosinteza.
In tulpina se gasesc vacuole mari,
care servesc ca rezervoare de
apa.
Frunze transformate in tepi
tulpina preia functia de
fotosinteza
tulpina contine celule cu vacuole mari,
care depoziteaza apa
Toate animalele din desert au adaptari pentru retinerea apei pe toate
caile; ele folosesc apa cu multa economie.
Adaptarile animalelor xerofile:
Camila - utilizeaza apa rezultata
din oxidarea grasimii din cocoasa
Unele rozatoare au tegumentul
impermeabil iar glandele sudoripare
lipsesc sau sunt reduse ca numar
- in timpul zilei, pentru a evita supraincalzirea, multe animale se ascund in
galerii
Informatii suplimentare:
Click pe
imagine
Curiozitati:
Camilele, traversand desertul,
�isi pot produce aproximativ 40 l apa�
prin oxidarea grasimilor ce se gasesc �in
cocoasa.�In conditii normale, camila se
hraneste �cu plante verzi, ce contin
multa� apa�.
Rozatoarele din deserturi pot trai in
absenta apei consumand doar ierburi,
scoarta��de copaci, frunze uscate. In
captivitate apa este procurata� pe cale
endogena� adica� prin oxidari celulare,
reusind sa traiasca� fara� sa� bea
chiar 6 luni.
Carnivorele care au nevoie imediată de
apă, pentru a-şi elibera reziduurile
azotoase, se hrănesc cu erbivore ale
căror ţesuturi conţin multă apă.
Omul s-a adaptat la conditiile mediului �inconjurator - populatia nomada
a
deserturilor consuma� o cantitate mai mica de apa� decat populatia
sedentara�.
!!!!!
Oscilatiile majore ale cantitatii de apa si seceta prelungita duc la moartea
multor plante si animale.

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Grupa 1 organismele xerofile - grupa 1

  • 2. Organismele xerofile - prefera regiunile secetoase (savana, stepa, desert)
  • 3. Adaptarile plantelor xerofite Plantele care traiesc in locuri uscate ( de exemplu, in stepa) au radacinile adanci sau mult ramificate la suprafata, frunzele mici, paroase, cu stomate putine. Ciclul de viata al acestor plante este scurt, corespunzator perioadei umede; in acest fel, ele rezista la uscaciune. PALAMIDA
  • 4. La plantele din desert, de exemplu la cactus, s-a redus intensitatea transpiratiei prin micsorarea suprafetei corpului, frunzele s-au transformat in tepi, iar tulpina preia functia de fotosinteza. In tulpina se gasesc vacuole mari, care servesc ca rezervoare de apa. Frunze transformate in tepi tulpina preia functia de fotosinteza tulpina contine celule cu vacuole mari, care depoziteaza apa
  • 5. Toate animalele din desert au adaptari pentru retinerea apei pe toate caile; ele folosesc apa cu multa economie.
  • 6. Adaptarile animalelor xerofile: Camila - utilizeaza apa rezultata din oxidarea grasimii din cocoasa Unele rozatoare au tegumentul impermeabil iar glandele sudoripare lipsesc sau sunt reduse ca numar
  • 7. - in timpul zilei, pentru a evita supraincalzirea, multe animale se ascund in galerii
  • 9. Curiozitati: Camilele, traversand desertul, �isi pot produce aproximativ 40 l apa� prin oxidarea grasimilor ce se gasesc �in cocoasa.�In conditii normale, camila se hraneste �cu plante verzi, ce contin multa� apa�.
  • 10. Rozatoarele din deserturi pot trai in absenta apei consumand doar ierburi, scoarta��de copaci, frunze uscate. In captivitate apa este procurata� pe cale endogena� adica� prin oxidari celulare, reusind sa traiasca� fara� sa� bea chiar 6 luni. Carnivorele care au nevoie imediată de apă, pentru a-şi elibera reziduurile azotoase, se hrănesc cu erbivore ale căror ţesuturi conţin multă apă.
  • 11. Omul s-a adaptat la conditiile mediului �inconjurator - populatia nomada a deserturilor consuma� o cantitate mai mica de apa� decat populatia sedentara�.
  • 12. !!!!! Oscilatiile majore ale cantitatii de apa si seceta prelungita duc la moartea multor plante si animale.