CL
Uploaded byChia-Yi Liu
162 views

Introduction of Pfizer and it's best sell product-Lipitor

Pfizer is an American pharmaceutical company founded in 1849. It is best known for developing popular drugs like Lipitor, the best-selling drug of all time for lowering cholesterol. Lipitor's active ingredient, atorvastatin, was invented in 1985 by Bruce Roth and works by inhibiting cholesterol production in the liver. It proved more effective at reducing LDL cholesterol than previous statins, contributing to Pfizer's success. Ian Read currently serves as Pfizer's Chairman and CEO.

Embed presentation

Wang Feibai Almansour Faisal S. Liu Chia-Yi Pfizer: Lipitor
Wang Feibai Atorvastatin
Introduction Pfizer Inc: an American multinational pharmaceutical corporation; headquarters in New York City, New York; area served covering worldwide; one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies by revenues; a world’s premier biopharmaceutical company, based on research; research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer
Introduction
History In 1849, German-American cousins Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart founded Charles Pfizer & Company as a fine-chemicals business in Brooklyn, NY; The Civil War pushed the promotion of Pfizer, because of increasing demand for painkillers, preservatives and disinfectants soars; In 1868, Pfizer's original administrative headquarters moved to 81 Maiden Lane in Manhattan; After the Civil War, Pfizer soon became a leader in the American chemical business and its major product was citric acid; http://www.pfizer.com/about/history/1849-1899
History During World War II, Pfizer expanded quickly by the reason that Pfizer alone used fermentation technology to pursue mass production of penicillin; In 1950, Pfizer's discovery and commercialization of Terramycin transformed the company from a manufacturer of fine chemicals to a research-based pharmaceutical company; In 1951, in a major international expansion, Pfizer operations were established in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, England, Mexico, Panama, and Puerto Rico; During the 1980s and 1990s, Pfizer Corporation growth was sustained by the discovery and marketing of Zoloft, Lipitor, Viagra and so on. http://www.pfizer.com/about/history/1951-1999 & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer
History Since 2000, Pfizer has grown by merger, including those with Warner–Lambert (2000) and Pharmacia (2003); In 2009, Pfizer bought pharmaceuticals rival Wyeth for a combined $68 billion, and acquired King Pharmaceuticals for $3.6 billion in 2010; On February 1st 2013, Zoetis, a subsidiary of Pfizer, spun off and its IPO sold 86.1 million shares for US$ 2.2 billion; In February 2015, Pfizer and Hospira agreed that Pfizer would acquire Hospira for $15.2 billion. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer & http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/pfizer-to-buy-hospira-a-drug-maker-for-15-2-billion-in-cash/
http://www.statista.com/statistics/272717/top-global-biotech-and-pharmaceutical-companies-based-on-revenue/ Revenue Rank
Responsibility U.S. Patient Assistance Program help eligible patients get access to their Pfizer medicines; offer a range of support services, including insurance counseling, co-pay help, providing Pfizer medicines for free or at a savings, and more; be provided through Pfizer RxPathways™, a joint program of Pfizer Inc and the Pfizer Patient Assistance Foundation™; from 2010-2014, helped nearly 2.5 million patients in need get access to over 31 million Pfizer prescriptions, valued at more than $7.9 billion; last more than 25 years. http://www.pfizer.com/responsibility
Board of Directors W. Don Cornwell Age: 67 Founder and Retired Chairman and CEO Granite Broadcasting Corporation Joseph J. Echevarria Age: 58 Retired CEO Deloitte LLP Dennis A. Ausiello M.D. Age: 70 Director Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health (CATCH) Frances D. Fergusson Ph.D. Age: 71 President Emeritus Vassar College http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
Board of Directors Helen H. Hobbs M.D. Age: 63 Investigator Howard Hughes Medical Institute James M. Kilts Age: 67 Founding Partner Centerview Capital Shantanu Narayen Age: 52 President and CEO Adobe Systems Inc Suzanne Nora Johnson Age: 58 Retired Vice Chairman The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
Board of Directors Stephen W. Sanger Age: 69 Retired Chairman and CEO General Mills ames C. Smith Age: 56 President and CEO Thomson Reuters Corporation Ian C. Read Age: 62 Chairman and CEO Pfizer http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
CEO Chairman of the Board & CEO Also is Chairman of the Board of PhRMA and serves on the Boards of Kimberly-Clark and the Partnership for New York City; Was born in Scotland in 1953, and then grew up in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) ; Received B.Sc. in chemical engineering from London University Imperial College in 1974 ; Earned Chartered Accountants certification from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales in 1978 ; Ian C. Read Age: 62 http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/ian_c__read
CEO From 1978, worked for Pfizer as an operational auditor； Through 1995, worked in Latin America, holding positions from CFO of Pfizer Mexico to Country Manager of Pfizer Brazil, and in 1996, was appointed President of Pfizer's International Pharmaceuticals Group, with responsibility for Latin America and Canada； In 2000, was appointed Executive Vice President of Europe; in 2001, was named a Corporate Vice President and assumed responsibility for Canada; in 2002, became accountable for operations in both the Africa/Middle East region and Latin America as well; From 2006 to 2010, led the Pfizer Worldwide Biopharmaceutical Businesses, as Senior Vice President; On December 5 2010, became CEO of Pfizer. Ian C. Read Age: 62 http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/ian_c__read
CFO Frank D'Amelio Age:57 EVP, Business Operations & CFO Received Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from St. Peter’s College; Earned MBA in Finance from St. John’s University; From 1979 to 2007, Worked for Bell Laboratories, AT&T and Lucent, holding a variety of financial, accounting and general management positions; In September 2007, started to worked for Pfizer, and in December 2010, was appointed as CFO; In 2005, 2006, 2011, 2012 and 2013, was ranked among America’s top CFOs by Institutional Investor magazine. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/frank_d_amelio
Mikael Dolsten President of Worldwide Research and Development & EVP Earned his Ph.D. in tumor immunology and M.D. from the University of Lund in Sweden in 1988; Studied virology and cell biology at the Weizmann Institute in Israel and has been appointed as Adjunct Professor in Immunology at the Medical Faculty in Lund; From June 2008 to October 2009, Senior vice president of Wyeth and President of Wyeth Research; In 2009, joined Pfizer and in December 2010, was appointed President of Worldwide Research and Development; Has several patents and published approximately 150 articles in international journals. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/mikael_dolsten_m_d_ph_d_ President of Research
Other NEOs Geno Germano Group President, Global Innovative Pharma Business Joined Pfizer from Wyeth Pharmaceutica; With more than 25 years of international experience in the pharmaceutical industry, held many positions including Executive Vice President and General Manager John Young Group President, Global Established Pharma Business Earned Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Glasgow University and an MBA from Strathclyde Graduate Business School; Joined Pfizer in 1987, led Pfizer’s global Primary Care organization, prior to assuming leadership of the Global Established Pharma business. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/geno_germano & http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/john_young
Salary Pfizer’s ProxyStatement2015
Scientists http://www.pfizer.com/research/science_and_technology/meet_our_scientists About 78,000 employees and 12 specifical scientists.
Products Pfizer’s Annual Review 2014 TOP 5 Best Sellers
Products
Products Lipitor was the world's top-selling drug from 1996 to 2012. Over 14.5 years, it has made over $125 billion in sales, and has provided up to a quarter of Pfizer Inc.'s annual revenue for years. http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20111228/HEALTH_CARE/111229902 LIPITOR lipid toro Atorvastatin
Faisal Almansour Atorvastatin
The Story of Statins
The Story • Akira Endo Is a Japanese Biochemist. • His research into the relationship between fungi and cholesterol biosynthesis led to the discovery of statin drugs in 1971. • He was awarded the 22nd Japan Prize in 2006 and the Lasker Award in 2008. oyster mushroom Aspergillus terreus Red Yeast Rice Endo, Akira (2004). "The origin of the statins". International Congress Series 1262: 3–8. http://www.scienceheroes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=126&Itemid=135
Cholesterol Regulation Metabolism • The 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein, “for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.” Their work on HMGR and LDL elucidated the regulatory complexity of cholesterol synthesis. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1985/
Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Achievements • In 1985 Atorvastatin was invented by Bruce Roth. • He synthesized a chiral side chain similar to HMG-CoA reductase binding substrate. • 1981 Ph.D in Organic Chemistry form Iowa State University. • 1982 Medicinal Chemist at Warner Lambert Company. • 2000 Vice president of chemistry at pfizer. • 2007 Vice president of Discovery Chemistry at Genentech. Awards • 1997 Warner Lambert Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award. • 1999 Inventor of the Year Award by NYIP Law Association. • 2003 Creative Invention award and on 2008 Hero of Chemistry by American Chemical Society. http://www.chemheritage.org/about/news-and-press/press-releases/2013-05-30-bruce-roth-to-receive-2013-sci-perkin-medal.aspx
Lipitor (Atorvastatin) • Member of drug class Statins. • Completely synthetic drug. • It inhibits 3- hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG- CoA) reductase, found in liver. • It effect was more spectacular in reducing LDL levels than any of the other statins drugs. • The major medical use of Atorvastatin is to treat dyslipidemia which can lead to Atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular and non- cardiovascular diseases. Atorvastatin Adams, S. P., Tsang, M., & Wright, J. M. (2015). Lipid lowering efficacy of atorvastatin. The Cochrane Library.
Lipoproteins High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)- GOOD Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) BAD Coronary Heart Disease and other cardiovascular diseases World Leading Cause of Death Cholesterol & Lipoproteins • Cholesterol is a very significant Biological Molecule. (Ex: Cell membrane, Vitamin D and precursor of steroid Hormones). • Cholesterol is biosynthesized internally, not dietary. • Lipoproteins are molecule made of proteins and fat. • Cholesterol use lipoproteins to bind to and move within vascular system. Cholesterol Cox RA, García-Palmieri MR. Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Associated Lipoproteins. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical , and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK351/
Cholesterol & Lipoproteins Lehninger principles of biochemistry (Book by Albert L. Lehninger, David L. Nelson, and Michael M. Cox)
Mechanism of Action
Atherosclerosis Old Prospective Atherosclerosis is more than deposition of fat in arteries http://www.wehealny.org/services/bi_seniorhealth/diseasesAndConditions.html
Atherosclerosis New Prospective Complex interactions: • Vascular Endothelial Cells. • Inflammatory Leukocyte. • Cholesterol Transporting Lipoproteins. • Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
Thrombosis Acute coronary syndrome and stroke Causes the most dramatic clinical consequences of atherosclerosis Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
Atherosclerosis & Lipoproteins • Imbalance in plasma lipoproteins contribute importantly in atherosclerosis. • High LDL • High triglyceride lipoproteins  VLDL- Very Low Density Lipoproteins.  IDL- Intermediate Density Lipoproteins. • Low HDL • Will increase the risks of atherosclerosis. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3330421
• All cells require cholesterol & lipoproteins • Lipoproteins normally package cholesterol (insoluble molecule) in a form redly transported in the blood. • Factors such as unhealthy diet or genetic disposition over low this essential lipid transport pathway and contribute to dyslipidemia that promote atherosclerosis disease Cholesterol & Lipoproteins Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
Body Management of Cholesterol • Begins in the liver. • High LDL can results from: 1. Excessive production of triglyceride rich VLDL. 2. Inadequate uptake of LDL by liver and peripheral cells due to low numbers of or genetic defect in LDL receptors. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3330421
Cholesterol Biosynthesis • Synthesis of cholesterol begins in the cytosol. • Thee molecules of Acetyl-Co Enzyme A interact to form 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A (HMG- CoA). • HMG-Coa then react with HMG-CoA reductase (an enzyme that reside in the membrane of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Rate Limiting Step Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum The Coenzyme (substrate) HMG-CoA reductase (enzyme) https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm
HMG- CoA Reductase • Tetrameric macro-molecule. • Active site is deep within each monomer. • Four binding sites one within each monomer. Cholesterol Biosynthesis https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm
• HMG- CoA Reductase using NADPH catalysis the reduction of HMG-CoA to Mevalonate • Mevalonate undergoes several subsequent transformation to form other steroid precursor, and ultimately cholesterol. Cholesterol Biosynthesis Rate Limiting Step https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/Courses/CEM958/FS06_SS07/Amand.pdf
Statins Statins by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver can: • lower LDL levels • Improve the overall lipoproteins profile • Significantly reduce clinical cardiovascular events in several ways.
Statin Inhibition HMG- CoA Reductase binding site, with statin partially bind to it. • Statin competitively bind the active site of HMG-CoA reducatase. • Statin inhibits the conversion of HMG-CoA to Mevalonate. • Therefore it alter the pathway that leads to cholesterol. Lipitor Lipitor Gaw A, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
What Can Cause AtherosclerosisStatin Inhibition Binding HMG- CoA Reductase Polar interactions are formed between the HMG-moiety and residues that are located in the cis loop of the enzyme. These polar interactions are between Ser684, Asp690, Lys691 and Lys692 Rosuvastatin • Statin enter a narrow binding pocket and form 8 to 12 binding interaction with hydrophobic moieties lining the pocket • Pockets undergoes conformational change • Actual molecular details of statin binding to the active site stvan, Eva S.; Deisenhofer, Johann (May 2001). "Structural Mechanism for Statin Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase". Science Magazine 292
Statins Gaw A, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
Statins Gaw A, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
Statins Gaw A, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
Feedback by SREBPs • Statin therapy inhibits intercellular cholesterol synthesis, causing cholesterol levels in the cell to fall. • Changes in cholesterol levels triggers sensing mechanisms. • These sensing mechanisms are proteins bound to intercellular membranes called sterol regulatory elements binding proteins SREBPs. • In particular activation of SREBPs by low cholesterol, increase transcription of the LDL receptor gene. • The consequent rise in LDL receptor number, promotes capture of LDL & VLDL from the blood to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis Low cholesterol levels Signal SREBPs Activate LDL receptor transcription http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.html
Feedback by SREBPs • SREBPs also:  increase the synthesis of HMG- CoA reductase.  Reduce cellular pools of cholesterol.  slow the rate of VLDL production. • Statin therapy can therefore lower blood VLDL levels, as a result, levels of HDL may rise because of reduced transfer of cholesterol ester from HDL to VLDL by cholesterol ester transfer protein. http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.htmlhttp://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.html
Video
Why Lipitor http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.html
Why Lipitor Comparing Different pharmacological Statins properties Vaughan, Carl J.; Gotto, Jr., Antonio M. (June 2004). "Update on Statins: 2003". Circulation, Journal of the American heart association 110
Future Research In this study three-dimensional quantitative structure−activity relationship (3D QSAR) with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed on a training set of up to 35 statins and statin-like compounds. Predictive models were established by using two different ways:  (1) Models-fit Qing Y. Zhang,†, Jian Wan,*,†, Xin Xu,*,‡, Guang F. Yang,†, Yan L. Ren,†, Jun J. Liu,†, Hui Wang,§ and, and Yu Guo§. Structure-Based Rational Quest for Potential Novel Inhibitors of Human HMG-CoA Reductase by Combining CoMFA 3D QSAR Modeling and Virtual Screening. Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 2007
Patient Information Indication & Usage • Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease • Hyperlipidemia. • Lipitor has not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
Patient Information Administration • orally, once a day, with or without food. Take the medicine at the same time each day. • Do not break or crush a tablet before taking it. • Avoid foods that are high in fat or cholesterol, alcohol, and grapefruit and grapefruit juice. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
Patient Information Dosage Forms & Strengths • White. • Elliptical. • Film-coated tablets. • 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg atorvastatin calcium. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
Patient Information Contraindications; Caution should be used! • In patients with active liver disease or with unexplained elevation of liver function enzyme levels. • Not safe for women who are pregnant or may become pregnant. • Women who require Lipitor Shouldn’t breastfeed infants. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
Patient Information • Warning & Precautions • Certain other drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems, and it is very important that your doctor knows if you are using any of them. • Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially:  Antibiotic or antifungal medicine;  Birth control pills;  Cholesterol-lowering medication;  Heart medication; or  Medicine to treat HIV or AIDS. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
Chia-Yi Liu Atorvastatin
SWOT Analysis Strength ‧Large pharmaceutical company ‧Excellent research and development ‧Mergers with big pharma brands ‧Strong brand name Opportunity ‧Strategic agreements ‧Increasing awareness about healthcare ‧Global penetration ‧Increasing demand for healthcare Weakness ‧Competitors ‧Patents expiration Threat ‧Risk of unsuccessful new Products ‧Regulatory environment become stringent ‧Economic slowdown in European markets
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 Revenues 49,605 51,584 54,657 61,035 61,591 Research and development expenses 8,393 6,678 7,482 9,074 9,483 Total assets 169,274 172,101 185,798 188,002 195,014 (Millions) AS OF AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
2014 Pfizer Financial Report
SWOT Analysis Strength ‧Large pharmaceutical company ‧Excellent research and development ‧Mergers with big pharma brands ‧Over 100,000 employees ‧Strong brand name Opportunity ‧Strategic agreements ‧Increasing awareness about healthcare ‧Global penetration ‧Increasing demand for healthcare Weakness ‧Competitors ‧Patents expiration Threats ‧Risk of unsuccessful new Products ‧Regulatory environment become stringent ‧Economic slowdown in European markets
After being a patent-protected monopoly for 14 years on the market… Here come to an inevitable challenge…
Fight with this challenge • Pay-for-Delay • Authorized Generic • Acquire King Pharmaceuticals • Lipitor Choice • Increases Retail Price • Marketing • Over-The-Counter Version
Pay-for-Delay • Federal Trade Commission can delay the launching of generic version by paying • Hatch-Waxman Act a 180-day marketing exclusivity period • Ranbaxy the first manufacturer approved selling generic Lipitor
Pay-for-delay • Pfizer and Ranbaxy entered into an agreement in 2008 Ranbaxy: can sell a generic Caduet seven years earlier Pfizer: get more time for the preparation of new drug launching. • Ranbaxy launched the first generic version of Lipitor on December 1, 2011 http://www.drugsdepot.co m/catalog.php/drugsdepot/ pg17538
Authorized Generic • What is “Authorized generics” the prescription drug produced by brand pharmaceutical company and marketed under a private label, at generic price • Watson Pharmaceuticals is a global pharmaceutical company now known for Actavis
Authorized Generic • Authorized generic of Lipitor launching Watson: can launch an authorized generic of Lipitor at the same time as Ranbaxy Pfizer: can take 70 % of its Lipitor-related profits from Watson http://www.thestar.com/life/health_wellnes s/2014/10/14/ontario_health_minister_pled ges_review_of_generic_drug_costs.html
Market Share of AtorvastatinMarketShare(%) http://www.firstpost.com/investing/lipitor-sales-why-ranbaxys-rs-2983-cr-loss-wont-worry-investors-223915.html
Acquire King Pharmaceuticals • Expand the product line of pain relief On October 12, 2010, Pfizer acquired King Pharmaceuticals • The most attractive product Flector Patch EpiPen epinephrine autoinjector emergency delivery of medications http://medlibrary.org/lib/rx/meds/flec tor-1/page/4/ http://www.thisweeknews.com/content/sto ries/dublin/news/2015/10/06/board- considering-change-to-its-medical- policies.html
Lipitor Choice • “Lipitor for you” in 2011 • The latest version launched in 2014 • How does LIPITOR Choice work $4 for a 30-day supply: patients whose insurance plans cover LIPITOR up to a $130 out-of-pocket cost $30 for a 30-day supply: patients whose insurance plans do not cover LIPITOR, or over $130 out-of-pocket cost, uninsured patients, as well as Medicare Part D patients https://www.lipitor.com/choice-card
Increases Retail Price More than four times the average annual price increase Rx Price Watch Case Study: Efforts to Reduce the Impact of Generic Competition for Lipitor. AARP Public Policy Institute
Marketing • Pfizer still maintained high levels of marketing spending before the patent expired.
Over-The-Counter Version • What is “OTC” sold directly to a consumer without a prescription • Tried to persuade the FDA to allow it to sell Lipitor over the counter • Did they make it? The study did not meet its primary objectives of demonstrating patient compliance with the direction to check their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and, after checking their LDL-C level, take appropriate action based on their test results. Based on dialogue with the FDA about the program and analysis of this data, the program was terminated.
How these strategies works • Can still keep some market http://seekingalpha.com/article/1516292-bitter-pill-of-expiring-patents-to-swallow-for-pfizer
What is Pfizer going to work on • Alliances and licensing arrangements helps Pfizer reduce R&D expenses • Acquisition with other company boost growth of Pfizer • Product pipeline As of October 27, 2015http://www.pfizer.com/research/science_and_technology/product_pipeline
Thank you!

More Related Content

DOC
Export potentiality of pharmaceutical goods in Bangladesh
bySaifur Rahman Samrat
 
PPSX
Corporate profile- State Life Insurance
byWali Ahmed
 
PPT
Lr4 volik
byСергій Волик
 
PPTX
Social media crossman
byNate_Crossman
 
PDF
Direct Inmate Supervision CCDC
byJennifer Lanahan
 
DOCX
Neelesh Thakare CV.
byNeelesh Thakare
 
PDF
Manchester Furniture Supplies Contemporary Furniture Range
byManchester Furniture Supplies
 
PPT
Homelessness 1
byDbourque4
 
Export potentiality of pharmaceutical goods in Bangladesh
bySaifur Rahman Samrat
 
Corporate profile- State Life Insurance
byWali Ahmed
 
Lr4 volik
byСергій Волик
 
Social media crossman
byNate_Crossman
 
Direct Inmate Supervision CCDC
byJennifer Lanahan
 
Neelesh Thakare CV.
byNeelesh Thakare
 
Manchester Furniture Supplies Contemporary Furniture Range
byManchester Furniture Supplies
 
Homelessness 1
byDbourque4
 

Viewers also liked

PDF
Philosophy of Home Education - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 
PDF
Unofficial Transcript June2016
byMichael Nico Balagtas
 
PPT
lr4_yaremko
byСергій Волик
 
PPTX
Investment Presentation
byChia-Yi Liu
 
DOCX
CV_Swatibatra
bySwati Batra
 
PDF
A Beginners Guide to Homeschool Administration - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 
PDF
Demystifying Learning Styles - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 
Philosophy of Home Education - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 
Unofficial Transcript June2016
byMichael Nico Balagtas
 
lr4_yaremko
byСергій Волик
 
Investment Presentation
byChia-Yi Liu
 
CV_Swatibatra
bySwati Batra
 
A Beginners Guide to Homeschool Administration - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 
Demystifying Learning Styles - FPEA 2016
byKatie Hornor
 

Similar to Introduction of Pfizer and it's best sell product-Lipitor

DOC
About Pfizer Company
byindira 7
 
DOCX
BUSINESS STARATEGY AND POLICY PROJECT
byANTONIO GALVEZ SANDOVAL
 
PPTX
Pfizer_Market_overview .pptx
bySamson Raj Y
 
PPTX
Pfizer
byKush Dua
 
PPT
Pfizer company analysis
bynero2.0
 
PPTX
Pfizer Inc -One Pager Profile (1).pptx
byamityadav465688
 
PPTX
Pfizer Building Value-pp
bymichelle neeck
 
PDF
2006 Pfizer Annual Report to Shareholders
byfinance5
 
DOCX
Report on Business Pfizer Inc.Executive Summa.docx
bydebishakespeare
 
PPTX
Pfizer case study
byPeter Morgan
 
DOCX
mba 599- pfizer
bymichelle neeck
 
PPS
Pfizer: Who We Are
bySergeyArzamastsev
 
PPT
Pfizer
byVishwajeet Aher
 
PPT
Pfizer & Pharmacia Merger
byVishwajeet Aher
 
DOCX
Pfizer references november 2015
byNicokimario
 
DOCX
Pfizer references november 2015
byNicokimario
 
DOCX
Analyst Report
byJay Patel
 
PPTX
Pfizer - Corporate governance
byPrathamesh Gawane
 
DOC
Business Report on Pfizer
byAileen Marshall
 
PPTX
Pfizer Case
byMonica RAP
 
About Pfizer Company
byindira 7
 
BUSINESS STARATEGY AND POLICY PROJECT
byANTONIO GALVEZ SANDOVAL
 
Pfizer_Market_overview .pptx
bySamson Raj Y
 
Pfizer
byKush Dua
 
Pfizer company analysis
bynero2.0
 
Pfizer Inc -One Pager Profile (1).pptx
byamityadav465688
 
Pfizer Building Value-pp
bymichelle neeck
 
2006 Pfizer Annual Report to Shareholders
byfinance5
 
Report on Business Pfizer Inc.Executive Summa.docx
bydebishakespeare
 
Pfizer case study
byPeter Morgan
 
mba 599- pfizer
bymichelle neeck
 
Pfizer: Who We Are
bySergeyArzamastsev
 
Pfizer
byVishwajeet Aher
 
Pfizer & Pharmacia Merger
byVishwajeet Aher
 
Pfizer references november 2015
byNicokimario
 
Pfizer references november 2015
byNicokimario
 
Analyst Report
byJay Patel
 
Pfizer - Corporate governance
byPrathamesh Gawane
 
Business Report on Pfizer
byAileen Marshall
 
Pfizer Case
byMonica RAP
 

Introduction of Pfizer and it's best sell product-Lipitor

  • 1.
    Wang Feibai Almansour FaisalS. Liu Chia-Yi Pfizer: Lipitor
  • 2.
  • 3.
    Introduction Pfizer Inc: an Americanmultinational pharmaceutical corporation; headquarters in New York City, New York; area served covering worldwide; one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies by revenues; a world’s premier biopharmaceutical company, based on research; research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer
  • 4.
  • 5.
    History In 1849, German-Americancousins Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart founded Charles Pfizer & Company as a fine-chemicals business in Brooklyn, NY; The Civil War pushed the promotion of Pfizer, because of increasing demand for painkillers, preservatives and disinfectants soars; In 1868, Pfizer's original administrative headquarters moved to 81 Maiden Lane in Manhattan; After the Civil War, Pfizer soon became a leader in the American chemical business and its major product was citric acid; http://www.pfizer.com/about/history/1849-1899
  • 6.
    History During World WarII, Pfizer expanded quickly by the reason that Pfizer alone used fermentation technology to pursue mass production of penicillin; In 1950, Pfizer's discovery and commercialization of Terramycin transformed the company from a manufacturer of fine chemicals to a research-based pharmaceutical company; In 1951, in a major international expansion, Pfizer operations were established in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, England, Mexico, Panama, and Puerto Rico; During the 1980s and 1990s, Pfizer Corporation growth was sustained by the discovery and marketing of Zoloft, Lipitor, Viagra and so on. http://www.pfizer.com/about/history/1951-1999 & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer
  • 7.
    History Since 2000, Pfizerhas grown by merger, including those with Warner–Lambert (2000) and Pharmacia (2003); In 2009, Pfizer bought pharmaceuticals rival Wyeth for a combined $68 billion, and acquired King Pharmaceuticals for $3.6 billion in 2010; On February 1st 2013, Zoetis, a subsidiary of Pfizer, spun off and its IPO sold 86.1 million shares for US$ 2.2 billion; In February 2015, Pfizer and Hospira agreed that Pfizer would acquire Hospira for $15.2 billion. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer & http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/pfizer-to-buy-hospira-a-drug-maker-for-15-2-billion-in-cash/
  • 8.
  • 9.
    Responsibility U.S. Patient AssistanceProgram help eligible patients get access to their Pfizer medicines; offer a range of support services, including insurance counseling, co-pay help, providing Pfizer medicines for free or at a savings, and more; be provided through Pfizer RxPathways™, a joint program of Pfizer Inc and the Pfizer Patient Assistance Foundation™; from 2010-2014, helped nearly 2.5 million patients in need get access to over 31 million Pfizer prescriptions, valued at more than $7.9 billion; last more than 25 years. http://www.pfizer.com/responsibility
  • 10.
    Board of Directors W.Don Cornwell Age: 67 Founder and Retired Chairman and CEO Granite Broadcasting Corporation Joseph J. Echevarria Age: 58 Retired CEO Deloitte LLP Dennis A. Ausiello M.D. Age: 70 Director Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health (CATCH) Frances D. Fergusson Ph.D. Age: 71 President Emeritus Vassar College http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
  • 11.
    Board of Directors HelenH. Hobbs M.D. Age: 63 Investigator Howard Hughes Medical Institute James M. Kilts Age: 67 Founding Partner Centerview Capital Shantanu Narayen Age: 52 President and CEO Adobe Systems Inc Suzanne Nora Johnson Age: 58 Retired Vice Chairman The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
  • 12.
    Board of Directors StephenW. Sanger Age: 69 Retired Chairman and CEO General Mills ames C. Smith Age: 56 President and CEO Thomson Reuters Corporation Ian C. Read Age: 62 Chairman and CEO Pfizer http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/meet_board
  • 13.
    CEO Chairman of theBoard & CEO Also is Chairman of the Board of PhRMA and serves on the Boards of Kimberly-Clark and the Partnership for New York City; Was born in Scotland in 1953, and then grew up in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) ; Received B.Sc. in chemical engineering from London University Imperial College in 1974 ; Earned Chartered Accountants certification from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales in 1978 ; Ian C. Read Age: 62 http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/ian_c__read
  • 14.
    CEO From 1978, workedfor Pfizer as an operational auditor； Through 1995, worked in Latin America, holding positions from CFO of Pfizer Mexico to Country Manager of Pfizer Brazil, and in 1996, was appointed President of Pfizer's International Pharmaceuticals Group, with responsibility for Latin America and Canada； In 2000, was appointed Executive Vice President of Europe; in 2001, was named a Corporate Vice President and assumed responsibility for Canada; in 2002, became accountable for operations in both the Africa/Middle East region and Latin America as well; From 2006 to 2010, led the Pfizer Worldwide Biopharmaceutical Businesses, as Senior Vice President; On December 5 2010, became CEO of Pfizer. Ian C. Read Age: 62 http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/ian_c__read
  • 15.
    CFO Frank D'Amelio Age:57 EVP, BusinessOperations & CFO Received Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from St. Peter’s College; Earned MBA in Finance from St. John’s University; From 1979 to 2007, Worked for Bell Laboratories, AT&T and Lucent, holding a variety of financial, accounting and general management positions; In September 2007, started to worked for Pfizer, and in December 2010, was appointed as CFO; In 2005, 2006, 2011, 2012 and 2013, was ranked among America’s top CFOs by Institutional Investor magazine. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/frank_d_amelio
  • 16.
    Mikael Dolsten President ofWorldwide Research and Development & EVP Earned his Ph.D. in tumor immunology and M.D. from the University of Lund in Sweden in 1988; Studied virology and cell biology at the Weizmann Institute in Israel and has been appointed as Adjunct Professor in Immunology at the Medical Faculty in Lund; From June 2008 to October 2009, Senior vice president of Wyeth and President of Wyeth Research; In 2009, joined Pfizer and in December 2010, was appointed President of Worldwide Research and Development; Has several patents and published approximately 150 articles in international journals. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/mikael_dolsten_m_d_ph_d_ President of Research
  • 17.
    Other NEOs Geno Germano GroupPresident, Global Innovative Pharma Business Joined Pfizer from Wyeth Pharmaceutica; With more than 25 years of international experience in the pharmaceutical industry, held many positions including Executive Vice President and General Manager John Young Group President, Global Established Pharma Business Earned Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from Glasgow University and an MBA from Strathclyde Graduate Business School; Joined Pfizer in 1987, led Pfizer’s global Primary Care organization, prior to assuming leadership of the Global Established Pharma business. http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/geno_germano & http://www.pfizer.com/about/leadership_and_structure/leadership_executives/john_young
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
    Products Pfizer’s Annual Review2014 TOP 5 Best Sellers
  • 21.
  • 22.
    Products Lipitor was theworld's top-selling drug from 1996 to 2012. Over 14.5 years, it has made over $125 billion in sales, and has provided up to a quarter of Pfizer Inc.'s annual revenue for years. http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20111228/HEALTH_CARE/111229902 LIPITOR lipid toro Atorvastatin
  • 23.
  • 24.
    The Story ofStatins
  • 25.
    The Story • AkiraEndo Is a Japanese Biochemist. • His research into the relationship between fungi and cholesterol biosynthesis led to the discovery of statin drugs in 1971. • He was awarded the 22nd Japan Prize in 2006 and the Lasker Award in 2008. oyster mushroom Aspergillus terreus Red Yeast Rice Endo, Akira (2004). "The origin of the statins". International Congress Series 1262: 3–8. http://www.scienceheroes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=126&Itemid=135
  • 26.
    Cholesterol Regulation Metabolism •The 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein, “for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.” Their work on HMGR and LDL elucidated the regulatory complexity of cholesterol synthesis. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1985/
  • 27.
    Lipitor (Atorvastatin) Achievements • In1985 Atorvastatin was invented by Bruce Roth. • He synthesized a chiral side chain similar to HMG-CoA reductase binding substrate. • 1981 Ph.D in Organic Chemistry form Iowa State University. • 1982 Medicinal Chemist at Warner Lambert Company. • 2000 Vice president of chemistry at pfizer. • 2007 Vice president of Discovery Chemistry at Genentech. Awards • 1997 Warner Lambert Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award. • 1999 Inventor of the Year Award by NYIP Law Association. • 2003 Creative Invention award and on 2008 Hero of Chemistry by American Chemical Society. http://www.chemheritage.org/about/news-and-press/press-releases/2013-05-30-bruce-roth-to-receive-2013-sci-perkin-medal.aspx
  • 28.
    Lipitor (Atorvastatin) • Memberof drug class Statins. • Completely synthetic drug. • It inhibits 3- hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG- CoA) reductase, found in liver. • It effect was more spectacular in reducing LDL levels than any of the other statins drugs. • The major medical use of Atorvastatin is to treat dyslipidemia which can lead to Atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular and non- cardiovascular diseases. Atorvastatin Adams, S. P., Tsang, M., & Wright, J. M. (2015). Lipid lowering efficacy of atorvastatin. The Cochrane Library.
  • 29.
    Lipoproteins High Density Lipoproteins(HDL)- GOOD Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) BAD Coronary Heart Disease and other cardiovascular diseases World Leading Cause of Death Cholesterol & Lipoproteins • Cholesterol is a very significant Biological Molecule. (Ex: Cell membrane, Vitamin D and precursor of steroid Hormones). • Cholesterol is biosynthesized internally, not dietary. • Lipoproteins are molecule made of proteins and fat. • Cholesterol use lipoproteins to bind to and move within vascular system. Cholesterol Cox RA, García-Palmieri MR. Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Associated Lipoproteins. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical , and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK351/
  • 30.
    Cholesterol & Lipoproteins Lehningerprinciples of biochemistry (Book by Albert L. Lehninger, David L. Nelson, and Michael M. Cox)
  • 31.
  • 32.
    Atherosclerosis Old Prospective Atherosclerosisis more than deposition of fat in arteries http://www.wehealny.org/services/bi_seniorhealth/diseasesAndConditions.html
  • 33.
    Atherosclerosis New Prospective Complexinteractions: • Vascular Endothelial Cells. • Inflammatory Leukocyte. • Cholesterol Transporting Lipoproteins. • Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
  • 34.
    Thrombosis Acute coronary syndromeand stroke Causes the most dramatic clinical consequences of atherosclerosis Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
  • 35.
    Atherosclerosis & Lipoproteins •Imbalance in plasma lipoproteins contribute importantly in atherosclerosis. • High LDL • High triglyceride lipoproteins  VLDL- Very Low Density Lipoproteins.  IDL- Intermediate Density Lipoproteins. • Low HDL • Will increase the risks of atherosclerosis. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3330421
  • 36.
    • All cellsrequire cholesterol & lipoproteins • Lipoproteins normally package cholesterol (insoluble molecule) in a form redly transported in the blood. • Factors such as unhealthy diet or genetic disposition over low this essential lipid transport pathway and contribute to dyslipidemia that promote atherosclerosis disease Cholesterol & Lipoproteins Peter Libby, MD; Paul M. Ridker, MD; Attilio Maseri, MD. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. American Heart Association
  • 37.
    Body Management ofCholesterol • Begins in the liver. • High LDL can results from: 1. Excessive production of triglyceride rich VLDL. 2. Inadequate uptake of LDL by liver and peripheral cells due to low numbers of or genetic defect in LDL receptors. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3330421
  • 38.
    Cholesterol Biosynthesis • Synthesisof cholesterol begins in the cytosol. • Thee molecules of Acetyl-Co Enzyme A interact to form 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A (HMG- CoA). • HMG-Coa then react with HMG-CoA reductase (an enzyme that reside in the membrane of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Rate Limiting Step Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum The Coenzyme (substrate) HMG-CoA reductase (enzyme) https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm
  • 39.
    HMG- CoA Reductase •Tetrameric macro-molecule. • Active site is deep within each monomer. • Four binding sites one within each monomer. Cholesterol Biosynthesis https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm
  • 40.
    • HMG- CoAReductase using NADPH catalysis the reduction of HMG-CoA to Mevalonate • Mevalonate undergoes several subsequent transformation to form other steroid precursor, and ultimately cholesterol. Cholesterol Biosynthesis Rate Limiting Step https://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/cholesterol.htm https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/Courses/CEM958/FS06_SS07/Amand.pdf
  • 41.
    Statins Statins by inhibitingcholesterol synthesis in the liver can: • lower LDL levels • Improve the overall lipoproteins profile • Significantly reduce clinical cardiovascular events in several ways.
  • 42.
    Statin Inhibition HMG- CoAReductase binding site, with statin partially bind to it. • Statin competitively bind the active site of HMG-CoA reducatase. • Statin inhibits the conversion of HMG-CoA to Mevalonate. • Therefore it alter the pathway that leads to cholesterol. Lipitor Lipitor Gaw A, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
  • 43.
    What Can CauseAtherosclerosisStatin Inhibition Binding HMG- CoA Reductase Polar interactions are formed between the HMG-moiety and residues that are located in the cis loop of the enzyme. These polar interactions are between Ser684, Asp690, Lys691 and Lys692 Rosuvastatin • Statin enter a narrow binding pocket and form 8 to 12 binding interaction with hydrophobic moieties lining the pocket • Pockets undergoes conformational change • Actual molecular details of statin binding to the active site stvan, Eva S.; Deisenhofer, Johann (May 2001). "Structural Mechanism for Statin Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase". Science Magazine 292
  • 44.
    Statins Gaw A, PackardCJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
  • 45.
    Statins Gaw A, PackardCJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
  • 46.
    Statins Gaw A, PackardCJ, Shepherd J. Statins: The HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors in Perspective. London, England: Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2000. [: ISBN
  • 47.
    Feedback by SREBPs •Statin therapy inhibits intercellular cholesterol synthesis, causing cholesterol levels in the cell to fall. • Changes in cholesterol levels triggers sensing mechanisms. • These sensing mechanisms are proteins bound to intercellular membranes called sterol regulatory elements binding proteins SREBPs. • In particular activation of SREBPs by low cholesterol, increase transcription of the LDL receptor gene. • The consequent rise in LDL receptor number, promotes capture of LDL & VLDL from the blood to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis Low cholesterol levels Signal SREBPs Activate LDL receptor transcription http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.html
  • 48.
    Feedback by SREBPs •SREBPs also:  increase the synthesis of HMG- CoA reductase.  Reduce cellular pools of cholesterol.  slow the rate of VLDL production. • Statin therapy can therefore lower blood VLDL levels, as a result, levels of HDL may rise because of reduced transfer of cholesterol ester from HDL to VLDL by cholesterol ester transfer protein. http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.htmlhttp://www.utsouthwestern.edu/labs/beutler/research/new-genes.html
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
    Why Lipitor Comparing Differentpharmacological Statins properties Vaughan, Carl J.; Gotto, Jr., Antonio M. (June 2004). "Update on Statins: 2003". Circulation, Journal of the American heart association 110
  • 52.
    Future Research In thisstudy three-dimensional quantitative structure−activity relationship (3D QSAR) with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed on a training set of up to 35 statins and statin-like compounds. Predictive models were established by using two different ways:  (1) Models-fit Qing Y. Zhang,†, Jian Wan,*,†, Xin Xu,*,‡, Guang F. Yang,†, Yan L. Ren,†, Jun J. Liu,†, Hui Wang,§ and, and Yu Guo§. Structure-Based Rational Quest for Potential Novel Inhibitors of Human HMG-CoA Reductase by Combining CoMFA 3D QSAR Modeling and Virtual Screening. Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 2007
  • 53.
    Patient Information Indication &Usage • Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease • Hyperlipidemia. • Lipitor has not been studied in conditions where the major lipoprotein abnormality is elevation of chylomicrons. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
  • 54.
    Patient Information Administration • orally,once a day, with or without food. Take the medicine at the same time each day. • Do not break or crush a tablet before taking it. • Avoid foods that are high in fat or cholesterol, alcohol, and grapefruit and grapefruit juice. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
  • 55.
    Patient Information Dosage Forms& Strengths • White. • Elliptical. • Film-coated tablets. • 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg atorvastatin calcium. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
  • 56.
    Patient Information Contraindications; Cautionshould be used! • In patients with active liver disease or with unexplained elevation of liver function enzyme levels. • Not safe for women who are pregnant or may become pregnant. • Women who require Lipitor Shouldn’t breastfeed infants. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
  • 57.
  • 58.
    Patient Information • Warning& Precautions • Certain other drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems, and it is very important that your doctor knows if you are using any of them. • Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially:  Antibiotic or antifungal medicine;  Birth control pills;  Cholesterol-lowering medication;  Heart medication; or  Medicine to treat HIV or AIDS. http://www.lipitor.com/ (Patient Information) http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=587#page=23
  • 59.
  • 60.
    SWOT Analysis Strength ‧Large pharmaceuticalcompany ‧Excellent research and development ‧Mergers with big pharma brands ‧Strong brand name Opportunity ‧Strategic agreements ‧Increasing awareness about healthcare ‧Global penetration ‧Increasing demand for healthcare Weakness ‧Competitors ‧Patents expiration Threat ‧Risk of unsuccessful new Products ‧Regulatory environment become stringent ‧Economic slowdown in European markets
  • 61.
    FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 2014 20132012 2011 2010 Revenues 49,605 51,584 54,657 61,035 61,591 Research and development expenses 8,393 6,678 7,482 9,074 9,483 Total assets 169,274 172,101 185,798 188,002 195,014 (Millions) AS OF AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
  • 62.
  • 63.
    SWOT Analysis Strength ‧Large pharmaceuticalcompany ‧Excellent research and development ‧Mergers with big pharma brands ‧Over 100,000 employees ‧Strong brand name Opportunity ‧Strategic agreements ‧Increasing awareness about healthcare ‧Global penetration ‧Increasing demand for healthcare Weakness ‧Competitors ‧Patents expiration Threats ‧Risk of unsuccessful new Products ‧Regulatory environment become stringent ‧Economic slowdown in European markets
  • 64.
    After being apatent-protected monopoly for 14 years on the market… Here come to an inevitable challenge…
  • 65.
    Fight with thischallenge • Pay-for-Delay • Authorized Generic • Acquire King Pharmaceuticals • Lipitor Choice • Increases Retail Price • Marketing • Over-The-Counter Version
  • 66.
    Pay-for-Delay • Federal TradeCommission can delay the launching of generic version by paying • Hatch-Waxman Act a 180-day marketing exclusivity period • Ranbaxy the first manufacturer approved selling generic Lipitor
  • 67.
    Pay-for-delay • Pfizer andRanbaxy entered into an agreement in 2008 Ranbaxy: can sell a generic Caduet seven years earlier Pfizer: get more time for the preparation of new drug launching. • Ranbaxy launched the first generic version of Lipitor on December 1, 2011 http://www.drugsdepot.co m/catalog.php/drugsdepot/ pg17538
  • 68.
    Authorized Generic • Whatis “Authorized generics” the prescription drug produced by brand pharmaceutical company and marketed under a private label, at generic price • Watson Pharmaceuticals is a global pharmaceutical company now known for Actavis
  • 69.
    Authorized Generic • Authorizedgeneric of Lipitor launching Watson: can launch an authorized generic of Lipitor at the same time as Ranbaxy Pfizer: can take 70 % of its Lipitor-related profits from Watson http://www.thestar.com/life/health_wellnes s/2014/10/14/ontario_health_minister_pled ges_review_of_generic_drug_costs.html
  • 70.
    Market Share ofAtorvastatinMarketShare(%) http://www.firstpost.com/investing/lipitor-sales-why-ranbaxys-rs-2983-cr-loss-wont-worry-investors-223915.html
  • 71.
    Acquire King Pharmaceuticals •Expand the product line of pain relief On October 12, 2010, Pfizer acquired King Pharmaceuticals • The most attractive product Flector Patch EpiPen epinephrine autoinjector emergency delivery of medications http://medlibrary.org/lib/rx/meds/flec tor-1/page/4/ http://www.thisweeknews.com/content/sto ries/dublin/news/2015/10/06/board- considering-change-to-its-medical- policies.html
  • 72.
    Lipitor Choice • “Lipitorfor you” in 2011 • The latest version launched in 2014 • How does LIPITOR Choice work $4 for a 30-day supply: patients whose insurance plans cover LIPITOR up to a $130 out-of-pocket cost $30 for a 30-day supply: patients whose insurance plans do not cover LIPITOR, or over $130 out-of-pocket cost, uninsured patients, as well as Medicare Part D patients https://www.lipitor.com/choice-card
  • 73.
    Increases Retail Price Morethan four times the average annual price increase Rx Price Watch Case Study: Efforts to Reduce the Impact of Generic Competition for Lipitor. AARP Public Policy Institute
  • 74.
    Marketing • Pfizer stillmaintained high levels of marketing spending before the patent expired.
  • 75.
    Over-The-Counter Version • Whatis “OTC” sold directly to a consumer without a prescription • Tried to persuade the FDA to allow it to sell Lipitor over the counter • Did they make it? The study did not meet its primary objectives of demonstrating patient compliance with the direction to check their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and, after checking their LDL-C level, take appropriate action based on their test results. Based on dialogue with the FDA about the program and analysis of this data, the program was terminated.
  • 76.
    How these strategiesworks • Can still keep some market http://seekingalpha.com/article/1516292-bitter-pill-of-expiring-patents-to-swallow-for-pfizer
  • 77.
    What is Pfizergoing to work on • Alliances and licensing arrangements helps Pfizer reduce R&D expenses • Acquisition with other company boost growth of Pfizer • Product pipeline As of October 27, 2015http://www.pfizer.com/research/science_and_technology/product_pipeline
  • 78.

Editor's Notes

  • #6 Foundation
  • #7 Growth
  • #8 Merger
  • #14 Education
  • #15 Career
  • #25 Cell membrane integrity
  • #26 Cell membrane integrity
  • #37 Cholesterol is a very significant Biological Molecule. (Ex: Cell membrane, and precursor of steroid Hormones) Cholesterol is biosynthesized internally, not dietary. They use lipoproteins to bind to and movie within vascular system.
  • #44 Polar interactions are formed between the HMG-moiety and residues that are located in the cis loop of the enzyme. These polar interactions are between Ser684, Asp690, Lys691 and Lys692